化痰丸(王节斋) 治津液为火熏蒸，凝浊郁结成痰，根深蒂固，以此缓治之。
香附(童便浸炒，五钱） 橘红（一两） 栝蒌仁（一两） 黄芩(酒炒) 天门冬 海蛤粉（各一两）
青黛（三钱） 芒硝（三钱，另研) 桔梗（五钱） 连翘（五钱）
共研为末，炼蜜入生姜汁少许，为丸如弹子大。每用一丸，噙化。或为小丸，姜汤送下
二钱。
苓桂术甘汤(《金匮》) 治胸胁支满目眩。并治饮邪阻滞心肺之阳，令呼气短。
肾气丸 治饮邪阻滞肝肾之阴，令吸气短。
二方俱见《喘证》。
甘遂半夏汤(《金匮》) 治饮邪留连不去，心下坚满。
甘遂(大者，三枚) 半夏(汤洗七次，十三枚，以水一中杯，煮取半杯，去滓) 芍药（五枚，
约今之三钱) 甘草如指（一枚，炙。约今之一钱三分)
水二杯，煎六分，去滓，入蜜半盏，再煎至八分服。
程氏曰∶留者行之，用甘遂以决水饮。结者散之，用半夏以散痰饮。甘遂之性直达，恐
其过于行水，缓以甘草、白蜜之甘，坚以芍药之苦，虽甘草、甘遂相反，而实以相使，此苦
坚甘缓约之之法也。《灵枢经》曰∶约方犹约囊。其斯之谓与?尤氏曰∶甘草与甘遂相反，
而同用之者，盖欲其一战而留饮尽去，因相激而相成也。芍药、白蜜，不特安中，亦缓毒药耳。
十枣汤(《金匮》) 治悬饮内痛。亦治支饮。
方见《腹痛》。
大青龙汤(《金匮》) 治溢饮之病属经表属热者，宜此凉发之。
小青龙汤(《金匮》) 治溢饮之病属经表属寒者，宜此温发之。
以上二方，俱见《伤寒》。
木防己汤(《金匮》) 人膈中清虚如太空，然支饮之气乘之，则满喘而痞坚，面色黧黑
，脉亦沉紧。得之数十日，医者吐之下之俱不愈，宜以此汤开三焦之结，通上下之气。
木防己（三钱） 石膏（六钱） 桂枝（二钱） 人参（四钱）
水二杯，煎八分，温服。
木防己汤去石膏加茯苓芒硝汤(《金匮》) 前方有人参，吐下后水邪因虚而结者，服之
即愈。若水邪实结者，虽愈而三日复发，又与前方不应者，故用此汤去石膏之寒，加茯苓直
输水道，芒硝峻开坚结也。又此方与小青龙汤，治吼喘病甚效。
木防己（二钱） 桂枝（二钱） 茯苓（四钱） 人参（四钱） 芒硝（二钱五分）
水二杯半，煎七分，去滓，入芒硝微煎，温服，微利自愈。
泽泻汤(《金匮》) 支饮虽不中正，而迫近于心，饮邪上乘清阳之位。其人苦冒眩，冒
者，昏冒而神不清，如有物冒蔽之也；眩者，目旋转而乍见眩黑也。宜此汤。
泽泻（五钱） 白术（二钱）
水二杯，煎七分，温服。
浓朴大黄汤(《金匮》) 治支饮胸满。(支饮原不中正，饮盛则偏者不偏，故直驱之从大便出)
浓朴（二钱） 大黄（二钱） 枳实（一钱五分）
水二杯，煎七分，温服。
葶苈大枣泻肺汤(《金匮》) 治支饮不得息。
方见《气喘》。
小半夏汤(《金匮》) 治心下支饮，呕而不渴。
半夏（四钱） 生姜（八钱）
水二杯，煎八分，温服。
己椒苈黄丸 (《金匮》) 治腹满口舌干燥，肠间有水气。
防己 椒目 葶苈(熬) 大黄各一两）
共为细末，炼蜜丸，如梧子大。先饮食服一丸，日三服，稍增之，口中有津液。渴者加
芒硝半两。
程氏曰∶防己、椒目导饮于前，清者从小便而出；大黄、葶苈推饮于后，浊者从大便而
下。此前后分消，则腹满减而水饮行，脾气转输而津液生矣。
小半夏加茯苓汤 (《金匮》) 治卒然呕吐，心下痞满，膈间有水气，眩悸者。
即小半夏汤加茯苓四钱。
五苓散 (《金匮》) 治脐下悸，吐涎沫而颠眩，此水也。
泽泻（一两一分） 猪苓 茯苓 白术各十八铢(校∶十黍为一铢，约今四分一厘七毫) 桂枝一两）
为末。白饮和服方寸匕，日三服。多饮暖水，汗出愈。(六铢为一分，即今之二钱半也
。泽泻应一两二钱五分。猪苓、白术、茯苓各应七钱五分也。方寸匕者，匕即匙，正方一寸
大，约八九分。余用二钱)愚按∶脐下动气去术加桂，理中丸法也。今因吐涎沫是水气盛，
必得苦燥之白术，方能制水。颠眩是土中湿气化为阴霾，上弥清窍，必得温燥之白术，方能
胜湿。证有兼见，法须变通。
附方∶《外台》茯苓饮 治积饮既去，而虚气塞满其中，不能进食。此证最多，此方最妙。
茯苓 人参 白术(各二钱五分） 枳实(二钱） 橘皮(一钱二分五厘 生姜二钱）
水二杯，煎七分服，一日三服。
徐忠可曰∶俗谓陈皮能减参力，此不唯陈皮，且加枳实之多，补泻并行，何其妙也。
《三因》白散
滑石(五钱） 半夏(三钱） 附子(二钱，炮)
共研末。每服五钱，加生姜三片，蜜三钱，水一杯半，煎七分服。
【化痰丸】（王节斋方）治疗因津液被火热熏蒸，凝结成浊郁结为痰，病根深固，以此方缓慢调理。
香附（用童便浸泡后炒制，五钱） 橘红（一两） 栝蒌仁（一两） 黄芩（酒炒） 天门冬 海蛤粉（各一两）
青黛（三钱） 芒硝（三钱，单独研磨） 桔梗（五钱） 连翘（五钱）
以上药物共同研磨成粉末，用炼蜜加入少许生姜汁，制成如弹子大小的药丸。每次服用一丸，含在口中慢慢化开。或者制成小药丸，用姜汤送服二钱。
【苓桂术甘汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗胸胁部支撑胀满、目眩。同时治疗饮邪阻滞心肺之阳气，导致呼气短促。
【肾气丸】治疗饮邪阻滞肝肾之阴，导致吸气短促。
这两个方剂均见于《喘证》章节。
【甘遂半夏汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗饮邪留恋不去，心下部位坚硬胀满。
甘遂（大的三枚） 半夏（用水煮洗七次，十三枚，用水一中杯，煮取半杯，去渣） 芍药（五枚，约合现在的三钱） 甘草如手指粗细一枚（炙过，约合现在的一钱三分）
用水二杯，煎至六分，去渣，加入蜂蜜半盏，再煎至八分服用。
程氏说：留滞的邪气要用攻逐法，用甘遂来决破水饮；结聚的邪气要用消散法，用半夏来散除痰饮。甘遂的药性直达病所，担心它过于行水伤正，所以用甘草、白蜜的甘缓之性来制约，用芍药的苦坚之性来收敛，虽然甘草与甘遂是相反的药物，但实际上是相互为用的，这是苦坚甘缓的约束之法。《灵枢经》说：约束方剂就像约束口袋一样。说的就是这个道理吧？尤氏说：甘草与甘遂相反，但一起使用，是想让它们相互激荡从而一战而尽去留饮，因为相互激发而相互成就。芍药、白蜜，不仅安护中焦，也是缓和毒性的药物。
【十枣汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗悬饮引起的内部疼痛。也治疗支饮。
此方见《腹痛》章节。
【大青龙汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗溢饮病症属于经络体表且属热证的，适宜用此方凉性发汗。
【小青龙汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗溢饮病症属于经络体表且属寒证的，适宜用此方温性发汗。
以上两个方剂，均见于《伤寒》章节。
【木防己汤】（出自《金匮要略》）人的膈中清虚如同太空，但是支饮之气乘虚侵袭，就会导致胀满、气喘且痞塞坚硬，面色黧黑，脉象也沉紧。患病数十日，医生用吐法和下法治疗都不见效，适宜用此汤开通三焦的结滞，通调上下之气。
木防己（三钱） 石膏（六钱） 桂枝（二钱） 人参（四钱）
用水二杯，煎至八分，温服。
【木防己汤去石膏加茯苓芒硝汤】（出自《金匮要略》）前方有人参，如果是吐下之后因正气虚弱而导致水邪结聚的，服用前方即愈。如果是水邪实结的，虽然暂时痊愈但三天后复发，或者又用前方不应效的，所以用此汤去掉石膏的寒性，加入茯苓直接疏通水道，加入芒硝峻烈地攻破坚结。另外此方与小青龙汤，治疗吼喘病非常有效。
木防己（二钱） 桂枝（二钱） 茯苓（四钱） 人参（四钱） 芒硝（二钱五分）
用水二杯半，煎至七分，去渣，加入芒硝微煎，温服，轻微腹泻即可自愈。
【泽泻汤】（出自《金匮要略》）支饮虽然不在正中位置，但迫近于心，饮邪上乘于清阳之位。患者苦于头昏目眩，“冒”是指昏蒙不清而神志不明，好像有东西遮蔽一样；“眩”是指眼睛旋转而突然看见黑暗。适宜用此汤。
泽泻（五钱） 白术（二钱）
用水二杯，煎至七分，温服。
【浓朴大黄汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗支饮导致的胸满。（支饮原本不在正中，如果饮邪盛则偏侧者也不偏了，所以直接驱赶从大便排出）
浓朴（二钱） 大黄（二钱） 枳实（一钱五分）
用水二杯，煎至七分，温服。
【葶苈大枣泻肺汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗支饮导致的呼吸急促困难。
此方见《气喘》章节。
【小半夏汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗心下部支饮，呕吐但不口渴。
半夏（四钱） 生姜（八钱）
用水二杯，煎至八分，温服。
【己椒苈黄丸】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗腹部胀满、口舌干燥，肠间有水气。
防己 椒目 葶苈（熬制） 大黄各一两）
共同研磨成细末，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的药丸。先吃饭后服用一丸，每天三次，逐渐增加剂量，直到口中有津液产生。如果口渴，加芒硝半两。
程氏说：防己、椒目引导饮邪从前而出，清的部分从小便排出；大黄、葶苈推荡饮邪从后而出，浊的部分从大便而下。这样前后分消，腹部胀满就会减轻，水饮运行，脾气转输而津液生成。
【小半夏加茯苓汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗突然呕吐，心下部痞塞胀满，膈间有水气，出现眩晕和心悸的患者。
即在小半夏汤基础上加茯苓四钱。
【五苓散】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗脐下悸动，吐涎沫且头顶眩晕，这是水饮作祟。
泽泻（一两一分） 猪苓 茯苓 白术各十八铢（校注：十黍为一铢，约合现在的四分一厘七毫） 桂枝一两）
研磨成粉末。用米汤调和服用一方寸匕，每天三次。多喝暖水，出汗即愈。（六铢为一分，即现在的二钱半。泽泻应为一两二钱五分。猪苓、白术、茯苓各应为七钱五分。方寸匕，匕即匙，正方一寸大，约八九分。其余按二钱计算）我按语：脐下动气去掉白术加上桂枝，是理中丸的变法。现在因为吐涎沫是水气旺盛，必须得到苦燥的白术，才能制约水饮。头顶眩晕是土中湿气化为阴霾，上充清窍，必须得到温燥的白术，才能胜湿。证候有兼见，治法须变通。
【附方】：《外台秘要》茯苓饮 治疗积饮已经去除，但虚气堵塞其中，不能进食。这种证候最多，此方最妙。
茯苓 人参 白术（各二钱五分） 枳实（二钱） 橘皮（一钱二分五厘 生姜二钱）
用水二杯，煎至七分服用，一天三次。
徐忠可说：世俗认为陈皮能减弱人参的功效，这里不仅有陈皮，还加了多量的枳实，补益与泻实并行，多么奇妙啊。
《三因方》白散
滑石（五钱） 半夏（三钱） 附子（二钱，炮制）
共同研磨成粉末。每次服用五钱，加生姜三片，蜂蜜三钱，水一杯半，煎至七分服用。
[Huatán Wán (Phlegm-Resolving Pill) by Wang Jiezhai] Treats phlegm formed from turbid fluids coagulating and郁结 (stagnating) due to steaming by fire, with a deep-rooted and solid nature; this formula is used for slow treatment.
Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, soaked in child's urine and stir-fried, 5 qian) Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum, 1 liang) Gualuanren (Benincasae Semen, 1 liang) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, wine-fried) Tiantaodong (Asparagi Radix) Haigefen (Concha Meretricis et Cyclinae Pulvis, each 1 liang)
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, 3 qian) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 3 qian, separately ground) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, 5 qian) Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, 5 qian)
Grind all into powder, mix with refined honey and a little fresh ginger juice, form pills the size of bullet seeds. Take one pill at a time, hold in mouth to dissolve slowly. Or form small pills, take 2 qian with ginger decoction.
[Linggui Zhugan Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes Macrocephala and Licorice Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats fullness and distension in the chest and hypochondrium with dizziness. Also treats obstruction of Heart and Lung Yang by fluid retention, causing shortness of breath on expiration.
[Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill)] Treats obstruction of Liver and Kidney Yin by fluid retention, causing shortness of breath on inspiration.
Both formulas are discussed in the chapter on "Wheezing Syndrome".
[Gansui Banxia Tang (Kansui and Pinellia Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats persistent fluid retention causing hardness and fullness below the heart.
Gansui (Kansui Radix, large ones, 3 pieces) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times with water, 13 pieces, boiled in one cup of water until half remains, strain) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 5 pieces, approx. 3 qian today) Gancao (Licorizia Radix et Rhizoma, finger-sized, 1 piece, roasted, approx. 1.3 qian today)
Boil in two cups of water until six-tenths remain, strain, add half a cup of honey, boil again until eight-tenths remain, then take.
Cheng said: For retained pathogens, use draining methods; use Gansui to break through fluid retention. For knotted pathogens, use dispersing methods; use Banxia to dissipate phlegm-fluid. Gansui has a direct penetrating nature; fearing it may excessively drain water, we use the sweetness of Gancao and white honey to moderate it, and the bitterness of Shaoyao to firm it. Although Gancao and Gansui are contrary, they actually assist each other; this is the method of bitter-firming and sweet-moderating. The *Ling Shu Jing* says: Regulating a prescription is like tying a bag. This is what is meant? You said: Gancao and Gansui are contrary, but used together to stimulate each other so that a single battle clears all retained fluid, achieving mutual success through mutual stimulation. Shaoyao and white honey not only calm the Middle Jiao but also mitigate toxicity.
[Shizao Tang (Ten Jujube Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats internal pain caused by Xuan-Yin (hanging fluid). Also treats Zhi-Yin (branching fluid).
See the chapter on "Abdominal Pain".
[Daqinglong Tang (Major Blue-Green Dragon Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats Yi-Yin (overflowing fluid) belonging to the meridians and exterior with heat syndrome; suitable for cool diaphoresis.
[Xiaoqinglong Tang (Minor Blue-Green Dragon Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats Yi-Yin (overflowing fluid) belonging to the meridians and exterior with cold syndrome; suitable for warm diaphoresis.
The above two formulas are both discussed in the chapter on "Shanghan" (Cold Damage).
[Mufangji Tang (Stephania Tetrandra Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] The Diaphragm is naturally clear and empty like the vast sky, but when Zhi-Yin (branching fluid) qi invades, it causes fullness, wheezing, and hard痞 (glomus), dark complexion, and a deep, tight pulse. After dozens of days, if emetic and purgative treatments fail, this decoction should be used to open the knots of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and unblock the Qi of the upper and lower.
Mufangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 3 qian) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 6 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 qian) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 4 qian)
Boil in two cups of water until eight-tenths remain, take warm.
[Mufangji Tang minus Shigao plus Fuling and Mangxiao Decoction] from *Jinkui Yaolue*] If the previous formula contains Renshen, and fluid retention is due to deficiency after vomiting/purging, taking it cures immediately. If fluid retention is excess and knotted, although cured, it recurs after three days, or if the previous formula is ineffective, use this formula: remove the cold Shigao, add Fuling to directly channel water pathways, and Mangxiao to severely break hard knots. Additionally, this formula combined with Xiaoqinglong Tang is very effective for treating wheezing asthma.
Mufangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 2 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 qian) Fuling (Poria, 4 qian) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 4 qian) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2.5 qian)
Boil in two and a half cups of water until seven-tenths remain, strain, add Mangxiao, simmer slightly, take warm. Mild diarrhea indicates self-healing.
[Zexie Tang (Alisma Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Zhi-Yin (branching fluid), though not central, presses near the Heart, and fluid evil ascends to the position of Clear Yang. The patient suffers from dizziness and vertigo ("Mao" refers to mental confusion and cloudiness as if covered by something; "Xuan" refers to spinning eyes and sudden darkness). This decoction is suitable.
Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 5 qian) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 qian)
Boil in two cups of water until seven-tenths remain, take warm.
[Nongpo Dahuang Tang (Magnolia Bark and Rhubarb Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats chest fullness caused by Zhi-Yin (branching fluid). (Zhi-Yin is originally not central; when fluid abundance is high, even lateral deviations become central, so drive it directly out via stool.)
Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 2 qian) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian) Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 1.5 qian)
Boil in two cups of water until seven-tenths remain, take warm.
[Tingli Dazao Xiefei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Decoction to Drain the Lung) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats inability to breathe due to Zhi-Yin (branching fluid).
See the chapter on "Wheezing and Asthma".
[Xiaobanxia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats Zhi-Yin (branching fluid) in the epigastrium, vomiting without thirst.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 4 qian) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 8 qian)
Boil in two cups of water until eight-tenths remain, take warm.
[Jifeng Liuhuang Wan (Stephania, Pepper Seed, Descurainia, and Rhubarb Pill) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats abdominal fullness, dry mouth and tongue, and water qi between the intestines.
Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) Jiaomu (Piperis Fructus) Tingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, roasted) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) each 1 liang.
Grind into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of wutong seeds. Take one pill before eating, three times a day, gradually increasing until saliva is produced. If thirsty, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) half liang.
Cheng said: Fangji and Jiaomu guide fluid forward, clearing parts exit via urine; Dahuang and Tingli push fluid backward, turbid parts exit via stool. This front-back dispersion reduces abdominal fullness, moves water-fluid, transforms spleen Qi, and generates fluids.
[Xiaobanxia Jia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia Plus Poria Decoction) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats sudden vomiting, epigastric glomus and fullness, water qi between the diaphragm, dizziness, and palpitations.
This is Xiaobanxia Tang plus 4 qian of Fuling (Poria).
[Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) from *Jinkui Yaolue*] Treats palpitations below the navel, spitting saliva/foam, and cephalic vertigo, indicating water pathology.
Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang 1 fen) Zhuling (Polyporus, 18 zhu) Fuling (Poria, 18 zhu) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 18 zhu; note: 10 grains = 1 zhu, approx. 0.17 mm today) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang)
Grind into powder. Mix with rice water and take one fangcun bi (square inch spoonful), three times daily. Drink plenty of warm water; sweating indicates cure. (Note: 6 zhu = 1 fen, i.e., 2.5 qian today. Zexie should be 1.25 liang. Zhuling, Baizhu, Fuling should be 0.75 liang each. Fangcun bi is a square spoon, approx. 0.9 qian. Others calculated at 2 qian). My comment: Removing Baizhu and adding Guizhi for palpitations below the navel is the modification of Lizhong Wan. Here, because spitting saliva indicates abundant water qi, bitter-dry Baizhu is needed to control water. Cephalic vertigo is dampness transforming into yin mist obstructing clear orifices; warm-dry Baizhu is needed to overcome dampness. Syndromes have combinations, so methods must vary.
[Appendix Formula: *Waitai* Fuling Yin] from *Waitai Mi Yao*] Treats post-phlegm-fluid removal where deficient Qi blocks the interior, preventing eating. This syndrome is common, and this formula is excellent.
Fuling (Poria) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) each 2.5 qian Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 2 qian) Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1.25 qian) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 2 qian)
Boil in two cups of water until seven-tenths remain, take, three times daily.
Xu Zhongke said:俗 (common belief) holds that Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) reduces the power of Renshen; here, not only is Chenpi used, but also a large amount of Zhishi, combining tonification and purgation, how wonderful.
[*Sanyin* Baisan (White Powder) from *Sanyin Fang*]
Huashi (Talcum, 5 qian) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 3 qian) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 2 qian, processed)
Grind into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 3 slices of fresh ginger, 3 qian of honey, boil in one and a half cups of water until seven-tenths remain, then take.