针家以起风废瘫痪为主，虽伤寒内伤，亦皆视为杂病。《灵枢》杂证论某病取某经，而不言穴者，正欲人随
经取用。大概上部病，多取手阳明经，中部足太阴，下部足厥阴，前膺足阳明，后背足太阳。因各经之病，而取
各经之穴者，最为要诀。百病一针为率，多则四针，满身针者可恶。
杂病随证选杂穴，仍兼原合与八法；经络原会别论详，
十二原穴与八会穴，皆经络气血交会之处。别即阳别，乃阳交穴也。前论颇详。
脏腑俞募当谨始；
五脏六腑之俞，俱在背二行，肺俞三椎下，心五、肝九、脾十一、肾十四椎下是也。五脏之募俱在腹部，
心募巨阙、肝期门、脾章门、肺中府、肾京门。惟三焦、胞络、膀胱无募，此言脏腑杂病，当刺俞募之穴。但
《素问》明言中脏腑者不立死，则为害非小，故禁针穴多，后世每以针四肢者为妙手，初学可不谨哉！
根结标本理玄微，
经云∶足太阴根于隐白，结于中脘；足少阴根于涌泉，结于廉泉；足厥阴根于大敦，结于玉堂；足太阳
根于至阴，结于目也；足阳明根于厉兑，结于钳耳也；足少阳根于窍阴，结于耳；手太阳根于少泽，结于天窗、
支正也；手少阳根于关冲，结于天牖、外关也；手阳明根于商阳，结于扶突、偏历也，手三阴之经未载，不敢
强注此言。能究根结之理，根据标本刺之，则疾无不愈。足太阳之本在足跟上五寸，标在目也；足少阳之本在窍
阴，标在耳也；足阳明之本在厉兑，标在人迎颊挟项颡也；足太阴之本在中封前上四寸，标在胃俞与舌本也；
足少阴之本在内踝上三寸中，标在肾俞与舌下两脉也；足厥阴之本在行间上五寸中，标在肝俞也；手太阳之本
在手外踝后，标在命门之上一寸也；手少阳之本在小指、次指之间上一寸，标在耳后上角下外 也；手阳明之
本在肘骨中上别阳，标在颔下合钳上也；手太阴之本在寸口之中，标在腋内动脉也；手少阴之本在兑骨之端，
标在心俞也；手厥阴之本在掌后两筋之间二寸中，标在腋下三寸也∶此十二经之标本。有在标而取本者，有在
本而取标者，有先治其标者，有先治其本者，无非欲其阴阳相应耳。此《内经》至论。
四关三部识其处。
四关，合谷、太冲穴也。十二经原皆出于四关。三部，大包为上部，天枢为中部，地机为下部。又百会
一穴在头应天，璇玑一穴在胸应人，涌泉一穴在足应地，是谓三才。以上兼原、合八法诸穴，虽不悉针，亦不
可不知其处也。
伤寒一日刺风府，阴阳分经次第取。
伤寒一日太阳风府，二日阳明之荥，三日少阳之俞，四日太阴之井，五日少阴之俞，六日厥阴之经。在表
刺三阳经穴，在里刺三阴经穴，六日过经未汗刺期门、三里，古法也。惟阴证灸关元穴，为妙。
汗吐下法非有他，合谷内关阴交杵。
汗针合谷，入针二分，带补行九九之数，搓数十次，男左搓，女右搓，得汗方行泻法，汗止身温，方可
出针；如汗不止，针阴市，补合谷。吐针内关、入针三分，先补六次，泻三次，行子午捣臼法三次，多提气上
行，又推战一次，病患多呼几次，即吐；如吐不止，补九阳数，调匀呼吸三十六度，吐止徐徐出针，急扪其穴；
如吐不止，补足三里。下针三阴交，入针三分，男左女右，以针盘旋右转，行六阴之数毕，用口鼻闭气，吞鼓
腹中，将泻插一下，其人即泻，鼻吸手泻三十六遍，方开口鼻之气，插针即泻；如泻不止，针合谷，升九阳数。
凡汗吐下，仍分阴阳补泻，就流注穴行之，尤妙。
一切风寒暑湿邪，头痛发热外关起。
只此一穴。
头面耳目口鼻（咽牙）病，曲池合谷为之主。
二穴又治肩背肘膊疼痛及疟疾。
偏正头疼左右针，列缺太渊不用补。
左痛针右，右痛针左，左右俱痛，左右俱针。余仿此。如列缺不应，再泻太渊。
头风目眩项捩强，申脉金门手三里。
头风连项肿，或引肩者，针此三穴。头目昏眩者，补申脉、金门，雷头风亦效。虚痛者，上星一穴。
赤眼迎香出血奇，临泣太冲合谷似。
赤眼肿痛，迎香出血，立愈。甚者更泻太冲。眼红或瞳人肿痛，流泪出血，烂弦风，俱泻足临泣，或太
冲、合谷。 肉倒睫，俱泻合谷、足三里。
耳聋临泣与金门，合谷针后听人语。
耳暴聋，补足临泣。耳鸣或出血作痛，及聩耳，俱泻申脉、金门、合谷。
鼻塞鼻痔及鼻渊，合谷太冲随手努。
鼻塞不闻香臭，针迎香、合谷。鼻痔鼻流浊涕者，泻太冲、合谷。鼻渊鼻衄虚者，专补上星。
口噤 斜流涎多，地仓颊车仍可举。
颊车针沿皮向下地仓， 左泻右， 右泻左，针透亦无害。轻者只针合谷、颊车。
口舌生疮舌下窍，三棱刺血非粗卤。
口唇及舌生疮，针合谷。舌肿甚及重舌者，更取舌下两边紫筋津液所出处，以三棱针刺出其血。
舌裂出血寻内关，太冲阴交走上部。舌上生苔合谷当，手三里治舌风舞。
舌风左右舞弄不停，泻两手三里立止。驴嘴风唇肿开不得者，亦泻三里。
牙风面肿颊车神，合谷临泣泻不数。
坐牙风肿连面，泻手三里、颊车。满口牙痛牙酸，泻合谷、足临泣。下牙痛，泻合谷。
二陵二跷与二交，头顶手足互相与。
二陵∶阴陵泉、阳陵泉。二跷∶申脉、照海。二交∶阳交、三阴交。此六穴递相交接于两手两足头顶也。
两井两商二三间，手上诸风得其所。
两井∶天井、肩井；两商∶商阳、少商；二间、三间。此六穴相根据相倚，分别于手之两支，手上诸病治
之。
手指连肩相引疼，合谷太冲能救苦。
项连肘痛，针少海。
手三里治肩连脐，脊间心后称中渚。
久患伤寒肩背痛，但针中渚，即愈。脊膂痛者，针人中尤妙。
冷嗽只宜补合谷，三阴交泻实时住。霍乱中脘可入深，三里内庭泻几许。
甚者补中脘，泻三里、内庭。
心痛翻胃刺劳宫，寒者少泽细手指。
热心痛、气痛，泻劳宫。寒心痛，补少泽。
心痛手战少海求，若要除根阴市睹；太渊列缺穴相连，能祛气痛刺两乳。
赋云∶气刺两乳求太渊，未应之时泻列缺。
胁痛只须阳陵泉，
专治胁肋痛满欲绝及面肿。
肿痛公孙内关尔。
腹痛轻者，只针三里。
疟痰《素问》分各经，危氏刺指舌红紫。
足太阳疟，先寒后热，汗出不已，刺金门。足少阳疟，寒热心惕，汗多，刺侠溪。足阳明疟，寒甚久，
乃热汗出，喜见火光，刺冲阳。足太阴疟，寒热善呕，呕已乃衰，刺公孙。足少阴疟，呕吐甚，欲闭户牖，
刺大钟。足厥阴疟，小腹满，小便不利，刺太冲。心疟刺神门，肝疟中封，脾疟商丘，肺疟列缺，肾疟大钟，
胃疟厉兑。危氏只刺十手指出血，及看舌下有紫肿红筋，亦须去血。
痢疾合谷三里宜，甚者必须兼中膂。
白痢针合谷，赤痢针小肠俞，赤白针三里中膂俞。凡针背腹两边穴，分阴阳经补泻，针背上中行左转，
腹上中行右转。女人背中行右转，腹中行左转为补。盖男子背阳腹阴，女子背阴腹阳故也。但用穴背腹甚少，而
手足多
者，以寒月及妇人不便故也。
心腹痞满阴陵泉，针到承山饮食美。
胸膈宽能饮食也。
泄泻吐腹诸般疾，三里内庭功无比。
一切泄泻、呕吐、吞酸、 癖、胀满诸疾。
水肿水分与复溜，
俱泻水分穴，先用小针，后用大针，以鸡翎管透之，水出浊者死，清者生。急服紧皮丸敛之，此必乡村
无药，粗人体实者方可用之，若清高贵客，鲜不为祸。自古病机，惟水肿禁刺，针经则不禁也。取血法，先用
针补入地部，少停泻出人部，少停复补入地部，停少时泻出针来，其瘀血自出。虚者只有黄水出，若脚上肿大
欲放水者，仍用此法收，复溜穴上取之。
胀满中脘三里揣。
《内经》针腹以布缠缴，针家另有盘法，先针入二寸五分，退出二寸，只留五分，在内盘之。如要取上
焦胞络中之病，用针头迎向上刺入二分补之，使气攻上。若脐下有病，用针头向下退出二分泻之，此二句特备
古法耳，初学人不可轻用。
腰痛环跳委中神，若连背痛昆仑武。
轻者委中出血，便愈。甚者补环跳，泻委中，久者俱补。腰连背痛者，针昆仑、委中。
腰连脚痛腕骨升，三里降下随拜跪。
补腕骨，泻足三里。
腰连脚痛怎生医？环跳行间与风市。
补环跳，泻风市、行间、足三里。
脚膝诸痛羡行间，三里申脉金门侈。
脚膝头红肿痛痒及四时风脚，俱泻行间、三里、申脉、金门。五足指痛，泻行间。
脚若转筋眼发花，然谷承山法自古。两足难移先悬钟，
又名绝骨。
条口后针能步履。两足酸麻补太溪，仆参内庭盘跟楚。
脚盘痛者，泻内庭。脚跟痛者，泻仆参。
脚连胁腋痛难当。环跳阳陵泉内杵。冷风湿痹针环跳，阳陵三里烧针尾。
痹不知痛痒者，用艾粟米大于针尾上烧三五炷，知痛即止。
七疝大敦与太冲，
七疝太冲出血，泻大敦，立止。膀胱气，泻侠溪、然谷。小肠气，泻侠溪、三阴交。偏坠，泻照海、侠溪。
五淋血海通男妇。
此穴极治妇人血崩、血闭不通，但不便耳。气淋、血淋最效，兼治偏坠疮疥。
大便虚秘补支沟，泻足三里效可拟。热秘气秘先长强，大敦阳陵堪调护。
不针长强针承山。
小便不通阴陵泉，三里泻下溺如注。
小便不通及尿血、砂淋俱宜泻之，又治遗尿失禁。上吐下闭关格者，泻四关穴。
内伤食积针三里，璇玑相应块亦消。
不针璇玑者，针手足三里，俱能消食积痞块。
脾病气血先合谷，后刺三阴针用烧。
烧针法见前，有块者兼针三里。
一切内伤内关穴，痰火积块退烦潮。
兼针三里尤妙。
吐血尺泽功无比，衄血上星与禾 。喘急列缺足三里，呕噎阴交不可饶。
恶心呕吐膈噎，俱泻足三里、三阴交。虚甚者，补气海。
劳宫能治五般痫，更刺涌泉疾若挑。神门专治心疾呆，人中间使祛颠妖。
上星亦好。
尸厥百会一穴美，更针隐白效昭昭。
外用笔管吹耳，凡脱肛、久痢、衄血不止者，俱宜针此提之，所谓顶门一针是也。不针百会，针上星亦同。
妇人通经泻合谷，三里至阴催孕妊。
通经催生，俱宜泻此三穴。虚者补合谷，泻至阴。
死胎阴交不可缓，胞衣照海内关寻。
死胎不下，泻三阴交，胞衣不下，泻照海、内关。
小儿惊风少商穴，人中涌泉泻莫深。
小儿急、慢惊风皆效。
痈疽初起审其穴，只刺阳经不刺阴。
凡痈疽须分经络部分，血气多少，俞穴远近用针。从背出者，当从太阳经至阴、通谷、束骨、昆仑、委
中五穴选用；从鬓出者，当从少阳经窍阴、侠溪、临泣、阳辅、阳陵泉五穴选用；从髭出者，当从阳明经厉兑、
内庭、陷谷、冲阳、解溪五穴选用；从脑出者，则以绝骨一穴治之。凡痈疽已破，尻神、朔望不忌。
伤寒流注分手足，太冲内庭可浮沉。
二穴总治流注，又能退寒热。在手针手三里，在足太冲，在背行间，在腹足三里。
熟此筌蹄手要活，得后方可度金针；又有一言真秘诀，上补下泻值千金。
此备古法，知流注者不用。
开阖经言∶春刺（十二）井者，邪在肝；夏刺（十二）荣者，邪在心；季夏刺（十二）俞者，邪在脾；秋
刺（十二）经者，邪在肺；冬刺（十二）合者，邪在肾。其肝心脾肺肾而系于春夏秋冬者，何也？然五脏一病，
辄有五也。假令肝病，色青者肝也，臊臭者肝也，喜酸者肝也，喜叫者肝也，喜泣者肝也，其病众多，不可尽言。
针之要妙，在于秋毫者也。经以观之，甲乙者，日之春也；丙丁者，日之夏也∶戊己者，日之四季也；庚辛者，
日之秋也，壬癸者，日之冬也。寅卯者，时之春也；巳午者，时之夏也∶辰戌丑未者，时之四季也；申酉者，时
之秋也；亥子者，时之冬也。括其要者，惟《明堂》二诗。
一诗∶甲胆乙肝丙小肠；一诗∶肺寅大卯胃辰经，见运气总论。凡人秉天地壬之气生，膀胱命门癸生肾，
甲生胆，乙生肝，丙生小肠，丁生心，戊生胃，己生脾，庚生大肠，辛生肺。地支亦然。一气不合，则不生化，
故古圣立子午流注之法，以全元生成之数也。
先圣推衍其义，法以天干，戊土起甲逆行，甲丙戊庚壬为阳，井荥俞经合；乙丁己辛
癸为阴，井荥俞经合。
起例∶甲己还加甲，乙庚丙作初，丙辛从戊起，丁壬庚子居，戊癸何方是，壬子是真从。
阳则金（井）水（荥）木（俞）火（经）土（合），阴则木（井）火（荥）土（俞）金（经）水（合），
每日一身周流六十六穴，每时周流五穴。
除六原穴，乃过经之所。
相生相合者为开，则刺之∶相克者为阖，则不刺。
阳生阴死，阴生阳死。如甲木死于午，生于亥；乙木死于亥，生于午；丙火生于寅，死于酉；丁火
生于酉，死于寅；戊土生于寅，死于酉；己土生于酉，死于寅；庚金生于巳，死于子；辛金生于子，死于巳；
针灸医生以治疗中风引起的半身不遂和瘫痪为主要任务，即使是伤寒或内伤疾病，也都视为杂病处理。《灵枢》在论述杂证时，指出某病取某经，却不指定具体穴位，正是希望医者根据经络灵活选取穴位。大致而言，上部疾病多取手阳明大肠经的穴位，中部疾病多取足太阴脾经的穴位，下部疾病多取足厥阴肝经的穴位，胸腹部前侧疾病多取足阳明胃经的穴位，背部疾病多取足太阳膀胱经的穴位。根据各经的疾病特点，选取该经的穴位，这是最为关键的诀窍。一般以针刺一穴为常规，最多不超过四穴，全身到处扎针的人是令人厌恶的。
治疗杂病应根据症状选择相应的穴位，同时兼顾原穴、合穴以及八法（八脉交会穴等）；关于经络的原穴、会穴、别络等的理论论述非常详细。十二原穴和八会穴，都是经络气血交会的地方。“别”指的是阳别，即阳交穴。前面的论述已经相当详尽。
脏腑的背俞穴和募穴应当谨慎起始使用；五脏六腑的俞穴都在背部第二行，肺俞在第三椎下，心俞在第五椎下，肝俞在第九椎下，脾俞在第十一椎下，肾俞在第十四椎下。五脏的募穴都在腹部，心募是巨阙穴，肝募是期门穴，脾募是章门穴，肺募是中府穴，肾募是京门穴。只有三焦、心包络、膀胱没有募穴。这里说的是脏腑杂病，应当针刺俞穴和募穴。但是《素问》明确说明中脏腑之病如果不及时治疗不会立即死亡，那么危害就很大，所以禁针穴位很多，后世往往认为能针刺四肢穴位的是妙手，初学者能不谨慎吗！
根结和标本的理论深奥微妙。经文说：足太阴经根于隐白穴，结于中脘穴；足少阴经根于涌泉穴，结于廉泉穴；足厥阴经根于大敦穴，结于玉堂穴；足太阳经根于至阴穴，结于眼部；足阳明经根于厉兑穴，结于钳耳部；足少阳经根于窍阴穴，结于耳部；手太阳经根于少泽穴，结于天窗穴、支正穴；手少阳经根于关冲穴，结于天牖穴、外关穴；手阳明经根于商阳穴，结于扶突穴、偏历穴。手三阴经的内容未记载，不敢强行注释这段话。如果能探究根结的道理，依据标本进行针刺，那么疾病没有不能治愈的。足太阳经的本在脚后跟上方五寸处，标在眼部；足少阳经的本在窍阴穴，标在耳部；足阳明经的本在厉兑穴，标在人迎穴、颊部挟持项部的颃颡处；足太阴经的本在中封穴前上方四寸处，标在胃俞穴和舌根部；足少阴经的本在内踝上三寸处，标在肾俞穴和舌下两脉处；足厥阴经的本在行间穴上方五寸处，标在肝俞穴；手太阳经的本在手外踝后方，标在命门穴上一寸处；手少阳经的本在小指与次指之间上方一寸处，标在耳后上角下方外侧；手阳明经的本在肘骨中间上方的别阳穴处，标在下颌下合钳耳处；手太阴经的本在寸口之中，标在腋内动脉处；手少阴经的本在兑骨（豌豆骨）端，标在心俞穴；手厥阴经的本在掌后两筋之间二寸处，标在腋下三寸处：这就是十二经的标本。有的从标部取本部，有的从本部取标部，有的先治标，有的先治本，无非是为了使阴阳相互呼应罢了。这是《内经》中的至高理论。
要识别四关和三部的部位。四关是指合谷穴和太冲穴。十二经的原穴都出于四关。三部是指大包穴为上部，天枢穴为中部，地机穴为下部。另外，百会一穴在头部对应天，璇玑一穴在胸部对应人，涌泉一穴在足部对应地，这称为三才。以上兼用原穴、合穴及八法等穴位，虽然不一定全部针刺，但也必须知道它们的位置。
伤寒第一天针刺风府穴，按照阴阳分经的顺序依次选取。伤寒第一天病在太阳经风府穴，第二天在阳明经的荥穴，第三天在少阳经的俞穴，第四天在太阴经的井穴，第五天在少阴经的俞穴，第六天在厥阴经的经穴。病在表刺三阳经穴位，病在里刺三阴经穴位，如果六天后经过传经仍未出汗，可刺期门穴、足三里穴，这是古法。只有阴证艾灸关元穴，效果最好。
发汗、催吐、攻下的方法并没有其他奥秘，关键在于合谷、内关、阴交穴的操作。发汗针刺合谷穴，进针二分，配合补法操作九九八十一次，搓针数十次，男性向左搓，女性向右搓，得汗后才施行泻法，汗止身体温暖后，方可出针；如果汗不止，针刺阴市穴，补合谷穴。催吐针刺内关穴，进针三分，先补六次，泻三次，操作子午捣臼法三次，多提气上行，又推战一次，让患者多呼喊几次，就会呕吐；如果吐不止，补九阳数，调匀呼吸三十六次，吐止后徐徐出针，急按闭其穴；如果吐不止，补足三里穴。攻下针刺三阴交穴，进针三分，男性左捻，女性右捻，将针盘旋向右转，完成六阴之数后，用口鼻闭气，吞咽并鼓动腹部，然后将针向下插一下，患者就会腹泻，鼻吸手动三十六遍后，才开口鼻之气，插针即泻；如果泻不止，针刺合谷穴，升九阳数。凡是发汗、催吐、攻下，仍要区分阴阳补泻，沿着流注穴位操作，尤其巧妙。
一切风寒暑湿邪气引起的头痛发热，只需针刺外关穴即可缓解。只有这一穴有效。头面耳目口鼻（咽喉牙齿）疾病，曲池穴和合谷穴为主治穴位。这两穴还能治疗肩背肘臂疼痛及疟疾。偏头痛和正头痛左右交替针刺，列缺穴和太渊穴不用补法。左侧痛针刺右侧，右侧痛针刺左侧，左右都痛则左右都针。其余仿照此例。如果列缺穴无效，再泻太渊穴。头风、目眩、颈部僵硬扭转，可针刺申脉穴、金门穴、手三里穴。头风连带头颈肿胀，或者牵引肩部疼痛的，针刺这三穴。头目昏眩的，补申脉穴、金门穴，雷头风也有效。虚性疼痛的，只针上星穴。红眼病在迎香穴放血有奇效，临泣穴、太冲穴、合谷穴的效果类似。红眼肿痛，迎香穴放血，立刻痊愈。严重的再加泻太冲穴。眼睛发红或瞳孔肿痛，流泪出血，烂弦风（眼睑边缘溃烂），都泻足临泣穴，或太冲穴、合谷穴。倒睫，都泻合谷穴、足三里穴。耳聋针刺临泣穴和金门穴，合谷穴针刺后能恢复听力。突发耳聋，补足临泣穴。耳鸣或出血作痛，以及耳聋失聪，都泻申脉穴、金门穴、合谷穴。鼻塞、鼻息肉及鼻渊（鼻窦炎），合谷穴和太冲穴随手可用。鼻塞闻不到香臭，针刺迎香穴、合谷穴。鼻息肉、鼻流浊涕的，泻太冲穴、合谷穴。鼻渊、鼻衄且属虚证的，专门补上星穴。口噤、口角歪斜、流涎过多，地仓穴和颊车穴仍可举起治疗。颊车穴沿皮向下透刺地仓穴，左病泻右，右病泻左，透针也没有害处。轻症只针合谷穴、颊车穴。口舌生疮在舌下窍道，用三棱针放血并非鲁莽之举。口唇及舌头生疮，针刺合谷穴。舌头严重肿胀及重舌的，更取舌下两边紫筋津液出处，用三棱针刺出其血。舌裂出血寻内关穴，太冲穴、阴交穴走上部治疗。舌上生苔应取合谷穴，手三里穴治疗舌风舞动。舌风左右舞动不停，泻两手三里穴立刻停止。驴嘴风（唇肿张开不得者），也泻三里穴。牙风面肿颊车穴神奇，合谷穴、临泣穴泻法不宜多次。坐牙风（牙龈肿痛牵连面部），泻手三里穴、颊车穴。满口牙痛牙酸，泻合谷穴、足临泣穴。下牙痛，泻合谷穴。二陵（阴陵泉、阳陵泉）、二跷（申脉、照海）与二交（阳交、三阴交），头顶手足互相交接。二陵：阴陵泉、阳陵泉。二跷：申脉、照海。二交：阳交、三阴交。这六个穴位在两手两足头顶间递相交接。两井（天井、肩井）、两商（商阳、少商）与二间、三间，手上诸风得到适宜治疗。两井：天井、肩井；两商：商阳、少商；二间、三间。这六个穴位相互依靠，分别位于手的两支，治疗手上的各种疾病。手指连肩相互牵引疼痛，合谷穴和太冲穴能解救痛苦。颈部连肘部疼痛，针刺少海穴。手三里穴治疗肩连脐痛，脊间心后称中渚穴。久患伤寒肩背痛，只针中渚穴，即愈。脊膂痛者，针人中穴尤其妙。冷嗽只宜补合谷穴，三阴交穴泻法实证时停止。霍乱中脘穴可深入针刺，三里穴、内庭穴泻多少剂量。严重的补中脘穴，泻三里穴、内庭穴。心痛翻胃刺劳宫穴，寒性的心痛取少泽穴细手指。热心痛、气痛，泻劳宫穴。寒心痛，补少泽穴。心痛手颤抖求少海穴，若要除根见阴市穴；太渊穴、列缺穴相连，能祛气痛刺两乳。赋文说：气刺两乳求太渊穴，未见效时泻列缺穴。胁痛只需阳陵泉穴，专治胁肋痛满欲绝及面肿。肿痛用公孙穴和内关穴。腹痛轻者，只针三里穴。疟疾痰症《素问》分为各经，危氏针刺十指出血及看舌下红紫筋。足太阳疟，先寒后热，汗出不已，刺金门穴。足少阳疟，寒热心悸，汗多，刺侠溪穴。足阳明疟，寒甚久，乃热汗出，喜见火光，刺冲阳穴。足太阴疟，寒热善呕，呕已乃衰，刺公孙穴。足少阴疟，呕吐甚，欲闭户牖，刺大钟穴。足厥阴疟，小腹满，小便不利，刺太冲穴。心疟刺神门穴，肝疟中封穴，脾疟商丘穴，肺疟列缺穴，肾疟大钟穴，胃疟厉兑穴。危氏只刺十指出血，及看舌下有紫肿红筋，也必须去血。痢疾合谷穴、三里穴适宜，严重的必须兼刺中膂俞穴。白痢针合谷穴，赤痢针小肠俞穴，赤白痢针三里穴、中膂俞穴。凡针背腹两边穴位，分阴阳经补泻，针背上中行左转，腹上中行右转。女人背中行右转，腹中行左转为补。因为男子背阳腹阴，女子背阴腹阳的缘故。但用穴背腹很少，而手足多的，是因为寒冷月份及妇女不便的缘故。心腹痞满阴陵泉穴，针到承山穴饮食美味。胸膈宽畅能饮食。泄泻呕吐腹部各种疾病，三里穴、内庭穴功效无比。一切泄泻、呕吐、吞酸、癖积、胀满各种疾病。水肿水分穴与复溜穴，都泻水分穴，先用小针，后用大针，以鸡翎管穿透，水出浊者死，清者生。急服紧皮丸收敛，这必须是乡村无药、粗人体实者方可用之，若清高贵客，鲜不为祸。自古病机，惟水肿禁刺，针经则不禁也。取血法，先用针补入地部，稍停泻出人部，稍停复补入地部，停少许时间泻出针来，其瘀血自出。虚者只有黄水出，若脚上肿大欲放水者，仍用此法收，复溜穴上取之。胀满中脘穴、三里穴揣摸。《内经》针腹以布缠绕缴束，针家另有盘法，先针入二寸五分，退出二寸，只留五分，在内盘之。如要取上焦胞络中之病，用针头迎向上刺入二分补之，使气攻上。若脐下有病，用针头向下退出二分泻之，此二句特备古法耳，初学人不可轻用。腰痛环跳穴、委中穴神奇，若连背痛昆仑穴威武。轻者委中穴出血，便愈。严重的补环跳穴，泻委中穴，久病者都补。腰连背痛者，针昆仑穴、委中穴。腰连脚痛腕骨穴升，三里穴降下随拜跪。补腕骨穴，泻足三里穴。腰连脚痛怎生医？环跳穴、行间穴与风市穴。补环跳穴，泻风市穴、行间穴、足三里穴。脚膝诸痛羡行间穴，三里穴、申脉穴、金门穴奢侈。脚膝头红肿痛痒及四时风脚，都泻行间穴、三里穴、申脉穴、金门穴。五脚趾痛，泻行间穴。脚若转筋眼发花，然谷穴、承山穴法自古。两足难移先悬钟穴，又名绝骨。条口穴后针能步履。两足酸麻补太溪穴，仆参穴、内庭穴盘跟楚。脚盘痛者，泻内庭穴。脚跟痛者，泻仆参穴。脚连胁腋痛难当。环跳穴、阳陵泉穴内杵。冷风湿痹针环跳穴，阳陵泉穴、三里穴烧针尾。痹不知痛痒者，用艾粟米大于针尾上烧三五炷，知痛即止。七疝大敦穴与太冲穴，七疝太冲穴出血，泻大敦穴，立止。膀胱气，泻侠溪穴、然谷穴。小肠气，泻侠溪穴、三阴交穴。偏坠，泻照海穴、侠溪穴。五淋血海穴通男妇。此穴极治妇人血崩、血闭不通，但不便耳。气淋、血淋最效，兼治偏坠疮疥。大便虚秘补支沟穴，泻足三里穴效可拟。热秘气秘先长强穴，大敦穴、阳陵泉穴堪调护。不针长强穴针承山穴。小便不通阴陵泉穴，三里穴泻下溺如注。小便不通及尿血、砂淋都宜泻之，又治遗尿失禁。上吐下闭关格者，泻四关穴。内伤食积针三里穴，璇玑穴相应块亦消。不针璇玑穴者，针手足三里穴，俱能消食积痞块。脾病气血先合谷穴，后刺三阴交穴针用烧。烧针法见前，有块者兼针三里穴。一切内伤内关穴，痰火积块退烦潮。兼针三里穴尤妙。吐血尺泽穴功无比，衄血上星穴与禾髎穴。喘急列缺穴足三里穴，呕噎阴交穴不可饶。恶心呕吐膈噎，都泻足三里穴、三阴交穴。虚甚者，补气海穴。劳宫穴能治五般痫，更刺涌泉穴疾若挑。神门穴专治心疾呆，人中间使穴祛颠妖。上星穴也好。尸厥百会穴一穴美，更针隐白穴效昭昭。外用笔管吹耳，凡脱肛、久痢、衄血不止者，都宜针此提之，所谓顶门一针是也。不针百会穴，针上星穴亦同。妇人通经泻合谷穴，三里穴、至阴穴催孕妊。通经催生，都宜泻此三穴。虚者补合谷穴，泻至阴穴。死胎阴交穴不可缓，胞衣照海穴、内关穴寻。死胎不下，泻三阴交穴，胞衣不下，泻照海穴、内关穴。小儿惊风少商穴，人中穴、涌泉穴泻莫深。小儿急、慢惊风皆效。痈疽初起审其穴，只刺阳经不刺阴。凡痈疽须分经络部分，血气多少，俞穴远近用针。从背出者，当从太阳经至阴穴、通谷穴、束骨穴、昆仑穴、委中穴五穴选用；从鬓出者，当从少阳经窍阴穴、侠溪穴、临泣穴、阳辅穴、阳陵泉穴五穴选用；从髭出者，当从阳明经厉兑穴、内庭穴、陷谷穴、冲阳穴、解溪穴五穴选用；从脑出者，则以绝骨一穴治之。凡痈疽已破，尻神、朔望不忌。伤寒流注分手足，太冲穴、内庭穴可浮沉。二穴总治流注，又能退寒热。在手针手三里穴，在足太冲穴，在背行间穴，在腹足三里穴。熟此筌蹄手要活，得后方可度金针；又有一言真秘诀，上补下泻值千金。此备古法，知流注者不用。开阖经言：春刺（十二）井者，邪在肝；夏刺（十二）荣者，邪在心；季夏刺（十二）俞者，邪在脾；秋刺（十二）经者，邪在肺；冬刺（十二）合者，邪在肾。其肝心脾肺肾而系于春夏秋冬者，何也？然五脏一病，辄有五也。假令肝病，色青者肝也，臊臭者肝也，喜酸者肝也，喜叫者肝也，喜泣者肝也，其病众多，不可尽言。针之要妙，在于秋毫者也。经以观之，甲乙者，日之春也；丙丁者，日之夏也：戊己者，日之四季也；庚辛者，日之秋也，壬癸者，日之冬也。寅卯者，时之春也；巳午者，时之夏也：辰戌丑未者，时之四季也；申酉者，时之秋也；亥子者，时之冬也。括其要者，惟《明堂》二诗。一诗：甲胆乙肝丙小肠；一诗：肺寅大卯胃辰经，见运气总论。凡人秉天地壬之气生，膀胱命门癸生肾，甲生胆，乙生肝，丙生小肠，丁生心，戊生胃，己生脾，庚生大肠，辛生肺。地支亦然。一气不合，则不生化，故古圣立子午流注之法，以全元生成之数也。先圣推衍其义，法以天干，戊土起甲逆行，甲丙戊庚壬为阳，井荥俞经合；乙丁己辛癸为阴，井荥俞经合。起例：甲己还加甲，乙庚丙作初，丙辛从戊起，丁壬庚子居，戊癸何方是，壬子是真从。阳则金（井）水（荥）木（俞）火（经）土（合），阴则木（井）火（荥）土（俞）金（经）水（合），每日一身周流六十六穴，每时周流五穴。除六原穴，乃过经之所。相生相合者为开，则刺之：相克者为阖，则不刺。阳生阴死，阴生阳死。如甲木死于午，生于亥；乙木死于亥，生于午；丙火生于寅，死于酉；丁火生于酉，死于寅；戊土生于寅，死于酉；己土生于酉，死于寅；庚金生于巳，死于子；辛金生于子，死于巳；
Acupuncturists focus primarily on treating wind-stroke-induced paralysis and hemiplegia. Even conditions such as Cold Damage (Shanghan) or internal injury are categorized under miscellaneous diseases. The *Ling Shu* discusses miscellaneous syndromes by indicating which meridian to treat for a specific disease but does not specify exact acupoints, intending for practitioners to select points flexibly according to the affected meridian. Generally, diseases of the upper body often involve the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming; middle-body diseases often involve the Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin; lower-body diseases often involve the Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin; anterior chest/abdominal diseases often involve the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming; and back diseases often involve the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang. Selecting acupoints from the respective meridians based on the disease in that meridian is the most crucial principle. Typically, one needle per condition is standard, with a maximum of four needles; needling all over the body is detestable.
For miscellaneous diseases, select acupoints based on symptoms, while also considering Yuan-Source points, He-Sea points, and the Eight Confluent Points. The theories regarding Yuan-Source, Hui-Coupling, and Luo-Connecting points of the meridians are detailed elsewhere. The Twelve Yuan-Source points and Eight Hui-Coupling points are locations where meridian Qi and Blood intersect. "Bie" refers to Yang Bie, which is the Yangjiao point (GB35). Previous discussions have been quite thorough.
When treating Zang-Fu organ miscellaneous diseases, one must be cautious starting with Back-Shu and Front-Mu points. The Back-Shu points of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs are located in the two rows on the back: Feishu (BL13) is below the 3rd thoracic vertebra, Xinshu (BL15) below the 5th, Ganshu (BL18) below the 9th, Pishu (BL20) below the 11th, and Shenshu (BL23) below the 14th. The Front-Mu points of the Five Zang organs are located on the abdomen: Juque (CV14) for the Heart, Qimen (LR14) for the Liver, Zhangmen (LR13) for the Spleen, Zhongfu (LU1) for the Lungs, and Jingmen (GB25) for the Kidneys. Only the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), Pericardium, and Bladder lack Front-Mu points. This section advises puncturing Back-Shu and Front-Mu points for Zang-Fu miscellaneous diseases. However, the *Su Wen* explicitly states that if Zang-Fu organs are severely affected without immediate death, the harm is significant; thus, there are many contraindicated points. Later generations consider those skilled in needling the limbs as experts; should beginners not be cautious?
The principles of Gen-Jie (Root and Knot) and Ben-Biao (Root and Branch) are profound and subtle. The classics state: The Foot-Taiyin meridian roots at Yinbai (SP1) and knots at Zhongwan (CV12); the Foot-Shaoyin meridian roots at Yongquan (KI1) and knots at Lianquan (CV23); the Foot-Jueyin meridian roots at Dazhun (LR14) and knots at Yutang (CV19); the Foot-Taiyang meridian roots at Zhiyin (BL67) and knots at the eyes; the Foot-Yangming meridian roots at Lidui (ST45) and knots at the jaw/ear area; the Foot-Shaoyang meridian roots at Qiaoyin (GB44) and knots at the ears; the Hand-Taiyang meridian roots at Shaoze (SI1) and knots at Tianchuang (SI16) and Zhengzheng (SI7); the Hand-Shaoyang meridian roots at Guanchong (TE1) and knots at Tianyou (TE16) and Waiguan (TE5); the Hand-Yangming meridian roots at Shangyang (LI1) and knots at Futu (LI18) and Pianli (LI6). The content for the Three Hand-Yin meridians is not recorded here, so I dare not force an interpretation. Understanding the principles of Root and Knot allows for curing diseases through Ben-Biao needling. The Foot-Taiyang meridian's Ben is five cun above the heel, and its Biao is the eyes; the Foot-Shaoyang meridian's Ben is Qiaoyin (GB44), and its Biao is the ears; the Foot-Yangming meridian's Ben is Lidui (ST45), and its Biao is Renying (ST9), the cheek, and the pharynx; the Foot-Taiyin meridian's Ben is four cun anterior and superior to Zhongfeng (LR4), and its Biao is Pishu (BL20) and the root of the tongue; the Foot-Shaoyin meridian's Ben is three cun above the medial malleolus, and its Biao is Shenshu (BL23) and the sublingual veins; the Foot-Jueyin meridian's Ben is five cun superior to Xingjian (LR2), and its Biao is Ganshu (BL18); the Hand-Taiyang meridian's Ben is posterior to the wrist, and its Biao is one cun above Mingmen (DU4); the Hand-Shaoyang meridian's Ben is one cun superior between the little and index fingers, and its Biao is the lower outer angle of the post-auricular superior angle; the Hand-Yangming meridian's Ben is in the elbow bone near Beyang, and its Biao is below the jaw and jaw joint; the Hand-Taiyin meridian's Ben is at Cun Kou (LU9), and its Biao is the arterial pulse in the axilla; the Hand-Shaoyin meridian's Ben is at the end of the Du Gu (pisiform bone), and its Biao is Xinshu (BL15); the Hand-Jueyin meridian's Ben is two cun between the two tendons at the wrist, and its Biao is three cun below the axilla. These are the Roots and Branches of the Twelve Meridians. Some treatments take the Root from the Branch, some take the Branch from the Root, some treat the Branch first, and some treat the Root first; the goal is always the correspondence of Yin and Yang. This is the supreme theory of the *Nei Jing*.
Understand the locations of the Four Passes (Si Guan) and Three Parts (San Bu). The Four Passes refer to Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR3). The Yuan-Source points of the twelve meridians originate from these Four Passes. The Three Parts refer to Dabao (SP21) as the Upper Part, Tianshu (ST25) as the Middle Part, and Diji (SP8) as the Lower Part. Additionally, Baihui (GV20) in the head corresponds to Heaven, Xuanji (CV15) in the chest corresponds to Humanity, and Yongquan (KI1) in the feet corresponds to Earth; this is called the Three Realities (San Cai). Although one may not needle all these Yuan-Source, He-Sea, and Eight Confluent points, one must know their locations.
In Cold Damage, needle Fengfu (GV16) on the first day, selecting points sequentially according to the Yin-Yang meridian progression. Day 1: Taiyang/Fengfu; Day 2: Yangming Ying-Spring point; Day 3: Shaoyang Shu-Stream point; Day 4: Taiyin Jing-Well point; Day 5: Shaoyin Shu-Stream point; Day 6: Jueyin Jing-River point. For exterior conditions, needle the Three Yang meridians; for interior conditions, needle the Three Yin meridians. If after six days the pathogen has passed through the stages without sweating, needle Qimen (LR14) and Zusanli (ST36); this is the ancient method. For Yin syndromes, moxibustion of Guanyuan (CV4) is excellent.
The methods of inducing sweating, vomiting, and purging rely on no other secrets than the manipulation of Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6), and Yinjiao (SP6). To induce sweating, needle Hegu (LI4) to a depth of two fen. Apply tonification (perform 81 rotations), rub the needle dozens of times (males rotate left, females rotate right). Once sweat appears, apply sedation. When sweating stops and the body warms, remove the needle. If sweating persists, needle Yinshi (ST32) and tonify Hegu (LI4). To induce vomiting, needle Neiguan (PC6) to a depth of three fen. Tonify six times, sedate three times, perform the Zi-Wu Dao Jiu technique three times, lift Qi upward repeatedly, and push/shake once. Ask the patient to呼 (call out) several times to induce vomiting. If vomiting persists, apply nine Yang numbers (tonification), regulate breathing for thirty-six cycles, then slowly remove the needle and press the point immediately. If vomiting continues, tonify Zusanli (ST36). For purging, needle Sanyinjiao (SP6) to a depth of three fen (males rotate left, females rotate right). Rotate the needle clockwise, complete six Yin numbers, hold breath via nose and mouth, swallow air to distend the abdomen, then thrust the needle down once to induce diarrhea. Perform thirty-six cycles of nasal inhalation and manual rotation, then release breath. Threading the needle induces further purging. If purging persists, needle Hegu (LI4) and apply nine Yang numbers. For all sweating, vomiting, and purging methods, distinguish Yin/Yang and apply tonification/sedation along the flowing-and-circulating points for optimal results.
For headaches and fever caused by Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, and Dampness, only needling Waiguan (TE5) is effective. For diseases of the head, face, eyes, ears, mouth, nose, throat, and teeth, Quchi (LI11) and Hegu (LI4) are primary. These two points also treat shoulder, back, elbow, and arm pain, as well as malaria. For lateral or frontal headaches, needle bilaterally; Lieque (LU7) and Taiyuan (LU9) are used without tonification. Needle the opposite side for unilateral pain; if bilateral, needle both sides. If Lieque (LU7) is ineffective, sedate Taiyuan (LU9). For headache, dizziness, and neck stiffness/torsion, use Shenmai (BL62), Jinmen (BL63), and Shousanli (LI10). For headache with neck swelling or shoulder radiation, needle these three points. For dizziness, tonify Shenmai (BL62) and Jinmen (BL63); this is also effective for Thunderhead Wind (Lei Tou Feng). For deficiency-type pain, needle Shangxing (GV23). For red eyes, bleeding from Yingxiang (LI20) is miraculous; Linqi (GB14), Taichong (LR3), and Hegu (LI4) are similar alternatives. For severe red/swollen eyes, bleed Yingxiang (LI20); add sedation of Taichong (LR3). For red eyes, swollen/painful pupils, tearing, bleeding, or marginal blepharitis, sedate Zulinqi (GB14), or Taichong (LR3) and Hegu (LI4). For inverted eyelashes, sedate Hegu (LI4) and Zusanli (ST36). For deafness, needle Zulinqi (GB14) and Jinmen (BL63); hearing returns after needling Hegu (LI4). For sudden deafness, tonify Zulinqi (GB14). For tinnitus, bleeding/pain, or total deafness, sedate Shenmai (BL62), Jinmen (BL63), and Hegu (LI4). For nasal congestion, polyps, and sinusitis (Bi Yuan), Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR3) are readily effective. For congestion/loss of smell, needle Yingxiang (LI20) and Hegu (LI4). For polyps/turbid discharge, sedate Taichong (LR3) and Hegu (LI4). For sinusitis/nosebleeds due to deficiency, specifically tonify Shangxing (GV23). For lockjaw, facial deviation, and excessive salivation, Dicang (ST4) and Jiache (ST6) can restore movement. Needling Jiache (ST6) obliquely downward to Dicang (ST4), treating left-right cross-wise, is safe even with trans-penetration. Mild cases only require Hegu (LI4) and Jiache (ST6). For mouth/tongue ulcers, use the opening under the tongue; pricking blood with a three-edged needle is not reckless. For lip/tongue ulcers, needle Hegu (LI4). For severe tongue swelling or double tongue, prick the purple veins on both sides under the tongue to bleed. For cracked tongue with bleeding, seek Neiguan (PC6); Taichong (LR3) and Yinjiao (SP6) treat upper body issues. For coated tongue, use Hegu (LI4); Shousanli (LI10) treats tongue tremors/wind-dancing. For continuous tongue trembling, sedate both Shousanli (LI10) points. For donkey-mouth wind (swollen lips unable to open), sedate Sanli. For dental wind/facial swelling, Jiache (ST6) is divine; Hegu (LI4) and Linqi (GB14) require moderate sedation. For gum swelling radiating to the face, sedate Shousanli (LI10) and Jiache (ST6). For full-mouth toothache/soreness, sedate Hegu (LI4) and Zulinqi (GB14). For lower toothache, sedate Hegu (LI4).
Er Ling (Yinlingquan SP9, Yanglingquan GB34), Er Qiao (Shenmai BL62, Zhaohai KI6), and Er Jiao (Yangjiao GB35, Sanyinjiao SP6) connect across hands, feet, and head. Er Ling: Yinlingquan (SP9), Yanglingquan (GB34). Er Qiao: Shenmai (BL62), Zhaohai (KI6). Er Jiao: Yangjiao (GB35), Sanyinjiao (SP6). These six points interconnect. Liang Jing (Tianjing SJ10, Jianjing GB21), Liang Shang (Shangyang LI1, Shaoshao LU11), Er Jian (LI2), and San Jian (LI3) treat various hand winds. Liang Jing: Tianjing (SJ10), Jianjing (GB21). Liang Shang: Shangyang (LI1), Shaoshao (LU11). Er Jian: Erjian (LI2), Sanjian (LI3). These six points support each other to treat hand branch diseases. For finger-to-shoulder radiating pain, Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR3) relieve suffering. For neck-to-elbow pain, needle Shaohai (HT3). Shousanli (LI10) treats shoulder-to-navel pain; Zhongzhu (TE3) treats spinal/heart-back pain. For chronic Cold Damage shoulder/back pain, only needling Zhongzhu (TE3) cures it. For spinal pain, Renzhong (GV26) is excellent. For cold cough, tonify Hegu (LI4); sedate Sanyinjiao (SP6) when excess resolves. For cholera/vomiting-diarrhea, deep needle Zhongwan (CV12); sedate Zusanli (ST36) and Neiting (ST44). For severe cases, tonify Zhongwan (CV12), sedate Zusanli (ST36) and Neiting (ST44). For heart pain and regurgitation, needle Laogong (PC8); for cold heart pain, use Shaoshao (LU11). For hot heart pain/qi pain, sedate Laogong (PC8). For cold heart pain, tonify Shaoshao (LU11). For heart pain with hand tremors, seek Shaohai (HT3); for root cure, see Yinshi (ST32). Taiyuan (LU9) and Lieque (LU7) connect to dispel qi pain in the breasts. The Ode states: For qi stabbing the breasts, seek Taiyuan (LU9); if ineffective, sedate Lieque (LU7). For hypochondriac pain, only Yanglingquan (GB34) is needed, specifically for severe rib pain/fullness and facial swelling. For abdominal swelling/pain, use Gongsun (SP4) and Neiguan (PC6). For mild abdominal pain, only needle Zusanli (ST36). For malaria/phlegm, the *Su Wen* divides by meridian; Wei Shi pricks ten fingers and checks purple/red veins under the tongue. For Foot-Taiyang malaria (chills then fever, persistent sweat), needle Jinmen (BL63). For Foot-Shaoyang malaria (chills/fever, palpitations, heavy sweat), needle Xiaxi (GB43). For Foot-Yangming malaria (severe chills, late fever/sweat, likes firelight), needle Chongyang (ST42). For Foot-Taiyin malaria (chills/fever, vomiting, improves after vomiting), needle Gongsun (SP4). For Foot-Shaoyin malaria (severe vomiting, wants closed doors/windows), needle Dazhong (KI4). For Foot-Jueyin malaria (lower abdominal fullness, difficult urination), needle Taichong (LR3). For Heart malaria, needle Shenmen (HT7); Liver malaria, Zhongfeng (LR4); Spleen malaria, Shangqiu (SP5); Lung malaria, Lieque (LU7); Kidney malaria, Dazhong (KI4); Stomach malaria, Lidui (ST45). Wei Shi only pricks ten fingers for bleeding and checks for purple/swollen/red veins under the tongue, removing blood if present. For dysentery, Hegu (LI4) and Zusanli (ST36) are suitable; severe cases add Zhonglvyu (BL29). For white dysentery, needle Hegu (LI4); for red dysentery, needle Xiaochangshu (BL27); for red-white dysentery, needle Zusanli (ST36) and Zhonglvyu (BL29). When needling back/abdomen points, distinguish Yin/Yang tonification/sedation: rotate left on the midline of the back, rotate right on the midline of the abdomen. For women, rotate right on the back midline and left on the abdomen midline for tonification, because men are Back-Yang/Abdomen-Yin, while women are Back-Yin/Abdomen-Yang. Back/abdomen points are rarely used due to cold weather and female convenience; hand/foot points are preferred. For chest/abdominal fullness, Yinlingquan (SP9); needling Chengshan (BL57) improves appetite. Chest expansion allows eating. For diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal disorders, Zusanli (ST36) and Neiting (ST44) are unparalleled. They treat all diarrhea, vomiting, acid regurgitation, masses, and bloating. For edema, use Shuifen (CV9) and Fuliu (KI7). Sedate Shuifen (CV9) using a small needle then a large needle with a chicken feather tube to penetrate; turbid water indicates death, clear water indicates life. Immediately administer Jinpi Wan to consolidate; this is only for rural areas with no medicine and robust constitutions, not for nobles. Historically, edema was contraindicated for needling, but the *Needle Classic* permits it. For bloodletting: tonify into the Earth layer, pause, sedate to the Heaven layer, pause, tonify back to Earth, pause, then remove; stasis will flow out. Deficiency yields yellow fluid. For swollen legs needing drainage, use this method at Fuliu (KI7). For bloating, palpate Zhongwan (CV12) and Zusanli (ST36). The *Nei Jing* advises wrapping the abdomen during needling; practitioners have a coiling method: insert 2.5 cun, withdraw 2 cun, leave 0.5 cun, and coil internally. To treat Upper Jiao/Pericardium disease, angle the needle head upward, insert 2 fen, and tonify to drive Qi upward. For umbilical disease, angle the needle head downward, withdraw 2 fen, and sedate. These two sentences preserve ancient methods; beginners should not use them lightly. For lower back pain, Huantiao (GB30) and Weizhong (BL40) are divine; if radiating to the back, Kunlun (BL60) is powerful. For mild cases, bleed Weizhong (BL40) for cure. For severe cases, tonify Huantiao (GB30), sedate Weizhong (BL40); for chronic cases, tonify both. For back-radiating pain, needle Kunlun (BL60) and Weizhong (BL40). For back-radiating leg pain, Wanggu (SI4) raises, Zusanli (ST36) lowers with bowing/kneeling. Tonify Wanggu (SI4), sedate Zusanli (ST36). How to treat back-radiating leg pain? Huantiao (GB30), Xingjian (LR2), and Fengshi (GB31). Tonify Huantiao (GB30), sedate Fengshi (GB31), Xingjian (LR2), and Zusanli (ST36). For foot/knee pains, Xingjian (LR2) is admired; Zusanli (ST36), Shenmai (BL62), and Jinmen (BL63) are luxurious options. For red/swollen/painful/itchy foot/knees and seasonal wind-legs, sedate Xingjian (LR2), Zusanli (ST36), Shenmai (BL62), and Jinmen (BL63). For five-toe pain, sedate Xingjian (LR2). For foot cramps and blurred vision, RanGu (KI2) and Chengshan (BL57) are ancient methods. For difficulty moving both feet, first Xuangu (GB39). Also known as Juegu. After needling Tiaokou (ST38), walking becomes possible. For sore/numb feet, tonify Taixi (KI3); for sole/heel pain, sedate Neiting (ST44) and Pugen (BL60). For sole pain, sedate Neiting (ST44). For heel pain, sedate Pugen (BL60). For foot-radiating hypochondriac/armpit pain, Huantiao (GB30) and Yanglingquan (GB34) are effective. For cold-damp bi syndrome, needle Huantiao (GB30); for Yanglingquan (GB34) and Zusanli (ST36), burn the needle tail. For bi syndrome with loss of sensation, place mugwort grains larger than the needle tail on the handle and burn 3-5 cones; stop when sensation returns. For seven types of hernia, Dazhun (LR14) and Taichong (LR3). Bleed Taichong (LR3), sedate Dazhun (LR14) for immediate relief. For Bladder Qi hernia, sedate Xiaxi (GB43) and RanGu (KI2). for Small Intestine Qi hernia, sedate Xiaxi (GB43) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). For unilateral scrotal swelling, sedate Zhaohai (KI6) and Xiaxi (GB43). For five types of strangury, Xuehai (SP10) benefits both men and women. This point effectively treats female blood flooding and amenorrhea, though less convenient for men. It is most effective for Qi-strangury and Blood-strangury, and also treats unilateral hernia, sores, and scabies. For deficiency constipation, tonify Zhigou (TE6); sedating Zusanli (ST36) yields similar effects. For heat/qi constipation, start with Changqiang (GV1); Dazhun (LR14) and Yanglingquan (GB34) can regulate. Do not needle Changqiang; needle Chengshan (BL57) instead. For urinary retention, Yinlingquan (SP9); sedating Zusanli (ST36) causes urine to flow like a spring. Urinary retention, hematuria, and gravel strangury should all be sedated; this also treats enuresis and incontinence. For upper vomiting/lower obstruction (Guan Ge), sedate the Four Passes (Hegu/LR3). For internal injury and food stagnation, needle Zusanli (ST36); Xuanji (CV15) correspondingly dissipates masses. If not using Xuanji (CV15), needling hand/foot Zusanli (ST36) dissipates food stagnation and masses. For Spleen disease affecting Qi/Blood, start with Hegu (LI4), then needle Sanyinjiao (SP6) using burning needle technique. See burning needle method earlier; if masses exist, add Zusanli (ST36). For all internal injuries, Neiguan (PC6) dissipates phlegm-fire, masses, irritability, and tidal fever. Adding Zusanli (ST36) is especially good. For hematemesis, Chize (LU5) is unparalleled; for epistaxis, Shangxing (GV23) and Heliao (LI19). For panting/urgency, Lieque (LU7) and Zusanli (ST36); for hiccups/choking, Yinjiao (SP6) is indispensable. For nausea/vomiting and diaphragmatic choking, sedate Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). For severe deficiency, tonify Qihai (CV6). Laogong (PC8) treats five types of epilepsy; adding Yongquan (KI1) removes disease quickly. Shenmen (HT7) specifically treats mental dullness; Renzhong (GV26) and Neiguan (PC6) dispel madness/demonic possession. Shangxing (GV23) is also good. For corpse-like fainting, Baihui (GV20) is beautiful; adding Yinbai (SP1) shows clear efficacy. Use a pen tube to blow into the ear. For prolapsed rectum, chronic dysentery, or persistent epistaxis, needle this point to raise Qi; this is the "one needle at the crown." If not using Baihui (GV20), Shangxing (GV23) works similarly. For women's menstrual regulation, sedate Hegu (LI4); Zusanli (ST36) and Zhiyin (BL67) promote pregnancy. For regulating menstruation and inducing labor, sedate these three points. For deficiency, tonify Hegu (LI4), sedate Zhiyin (BL67). For retained dead fetus, Yinjiao (SP6) cannot be delayed; for retained placenta, seek Zhaohai (KI6) and Neiguan (PC6). For retained dead fetus, sedate Sanyinjiao (SP6); for retained placenta, sedate Zhaohai (KI6) and Neiguan (PC6). For pediatric convulsions, Shaoshao (LU11); Renzhong (GV26) and Yongquan (KI1) should be sedated shallowly. Effective for acute/chronic pediatric convulsions. For early-stage carbuncles/ulcers, examine the location; only needle Yang meridians, not Yin. Carbuncles/ulcers must be divided by meridian region, blood/Qi abundance, and distance to Shu points. Those emerging from the back select from Taiyang: Zhiyin (BL67), Tonggu (BL65), Shugu (BL65), Kunlun (BL60), Weizhong (BL40). Those from the temples select from Shaoyang: Qiaoyin (GB44), Xiaxi (GB43), Linqi (GB14), Yangfu (GB38), Yanglingquan (GB34). Those from the mustache select from Yangming: Lidui (ST45), Neiting (ST44), Xangu (ST43), Chongyang (ST42), Jiexi (ST41). Those from the brain use Juegu (GB39). Once broken, avoid days of Kan (astrological significance) and New/Full Moon. For Cold Damage flowing accumulation, distinguish hand/foot; Taichong (LR3) and Neiting (ST44) can float/sink. These two points generally treat flowing accumulation and reduce chills/fever. In the hand, needle Shousanli (LI10); in the foot, Taichong (LR3); in the back, Xingjian (LR2); in the abdomen, Zusanli (ST36). Master these tools with flexible hands; only then can you pass the golden needle. Another true secret: Tonify above, sedate below; worth a thousand gold. This preserves ancient methods; those who understand flowing circulation do not use it.
Regarding Opening/Closing: Spring needle the Twelve Jing-Well points, pathogen in Liver; Summer needle the Twelve Ying-Spring points, pathogen in Heart; Late Summer needle the Twelve Shu-Stream points, pathogen in Spleen; Autumn needle the Twelve Jing-River points, pathogen in Lungs; Winter needle the Twelve He-Sea points, pathogen in Kidneys. Why are Liver/Heart/Spleen/Lung/Kidney linked to Spring/Summer/Late Summer/Autumn/Winter? Because each Zang disease has five manifestations. For example, Liver disease: green color is Liver, musky odor is Liver, preference for sour is Liver, shouting is Liver, weeping is Liver; diseases are numerous and cannot be fully stated. The essence of needling lies in the finest details. Observing the classics: Jia/Yi are Spring of the day; Bing/Ding are Summer of the day; Wu/Ji are Four Seasons of the day; Geng/Xin are Autumn of the day; Ren/Gui are Winter of the day. Yin/Mao are Spring of the hour; Si/Wu are Summer of the hour; Chen/Xu/Chou/Wei are Four Seasons of the hour; Shen/You are Autumn of the hour; Hai/Zi are Winter of the hour. Summarizing the essentials, only the two poems of the *Ming Tang*. One poem: Jia Gallbladder, Yi Liver, Bing Small Intestine. Another poem: Lung Yin, Large Intestine Mao, Stomach Chen... see General Theory of Luck. Humans are born from Heaven's Ren Qi; Bladder/Mingmen Gui generates Kidney; Jia generates Gallbladder; Yi generates Liver; Bing generates Small Intestine; Ding generates Heart; Wu generates Stomach; Ji generates Spleen; Geng generates Large Intestine; Xin generates Lung. Earthly branches are the same. If one Qi does not match, generation/transformation fails. Thus, ancient sages established the Zi Wu Liu Zhu (Midnight-Noon Ebb-Flow) method to complete the number of original generation. Ancient sages deduced its meaning using Heavenly Stems: Wu Earth starts from Jia counter-clockwise. Jia/Bing/Wu/Geng/Ren are Yang, Jing-Ying-Shu-Jing-He; Yi/Ding/Ji/Xin/Gui are Yin, Jing-Ying-Shu-Jing-He. Starting examples: Jia/Ji return to Jia; Yi/Geng start with Bing; Bing/Xin start with Wu; Ding/Ren start with Geng-Zi; Wu/Gui start with Ren-Zi. Yang: Metal (Jing), Water (Ying), Wood (Shu), Fire (Jing), Earth (He). Yin: Wood (Jing), Fire (Ying), Earth (Shu), Metal (Jing), Water (He). Daily circulation of 66 points, hourly circulation of 5 points. Excluding the six Yuan-Source points, which are where meridians pass through. Generating and combining points are Open, so needle them; overcoming points are Closed, so do not needle them. Yang is born, Yin dies; Yin is born, Yang dies. For example, Jia Wood dies at Wu, is born at Hai; Yi Wood dies at Hai, is born at Wu; Bing Fire is born at Yin, dies at You; Ding Fire is born at You, dies at Yin; Wu Earth is born at Yin, dies at You; Ji Earth is born at You, dies at Yin; Geng Metal is born at Si, dies at Zi; Xin Metal is born at Zi, dies at Si;