戒酒色盐酱，此病可保无危，不然去生渐远。兄曰∶自今日戒起。予以丹溪之法，而以参术为君，加利水道、制肝木、
清肺金等药。十帖而小水长，大便实，肿退而安。又半月，有二从弟平日同饮酒者曰∶天民弟素不饮酒，山中之鹿耳。
我与兄，水中之鱼也。鹿可无水，鱼亦可无水乎。三人遂痛饮，沉醉而止。次日病作甚于前，复来求治。予曰∶不可为
矣。挨过一月而逝。
梅林妻侄孙骆智二，得肿胀证，亦令戒前四事，用前法服药四五十帖而愈，颇安五年。一日叹曰∶人不吃盐酱，与
死何异。遂开盐，十数日后，旧病大作，再来求治，不许。又告欲行倒仓法，予曰∶脾虚之甚，此法不可行于今日也。
逾月，膨胀而死。予用丹溪之法治肿胀，愈者多矣，不能尽述，特书此二人不守禁忌者，以为后人病此者之戒云。
论
《内经》曰∶积聚留饮，痞膈中满，湿积霍乱吐下， 瘕坚硬腹满，皆太阴湿土。乃脾胃之气，积聚之根也。《难经》
曰∶积者阴气也，聚者阳气也，故阴沉而伏，阳浮而动。血之所积名曰积，气之所聚名曰聚，故积者五脏所生，聚者六
腑所成也。夫所谓积者阴气也，其始发有常处，其痛不离其部，上下有所终始，左右有所穷处。谓聚者阳气也，其始发
无根本，其痛或隐或见，上下无所留止，痛发无所定位。是故肝之积名曰肥气，在左胁下，如复杯，有头足，久不愈，
令人发咳逆 疟连岁不已。心之积名曰伏粱，起脐上，大如臂，上至心下，久不愈，令人烦心。脾之积名曰痞气，在胃
脘右侧，复大如盘，久不愈，令人四肢不收，发黄胆，饮食不为肌肤。肺之积名曰息奔，在右胁下，大如复杯，久不愈，
令人洒淅寒热，喘咳发肺痈。肾之积名曰奔豚，在小腹，上至心下，若豚状，或上或下无时，久不愈，令人喘逆骨痿少
气。东垣曰∶《针经》云∶其成积者，盖厥气生足 ，足 生胫寒，胫寒则血脉凝涩，故寒气上入肠胃，所以腹胀，腹胀
则肠外之汁沫迫聚而不得散，日以成积矣。或盛食多饮则脾伤，或起居不节、用力过度则络脉伤，阳络脉伤则血外溢，
血外溢则衄血，阴络脉伤则血内溢，血内溢则便血，肠胃之络脉伤则血溢于肠外，肠外有寒汁沫与血相搏，则凝聚而成
积矣。或外中于寒、内伤于忧怒则气上逆，气逆则六 不通，温气不行，凝血蕴裹不散，津液凝涩，渗着不去而成积矣。
又曰∶生于阴者，盖忧思伤心。重寒伤肺，忿怒伤肝，醉以入房、汗出当风则伤脾，用力过度、入浴则伤肾，此内外三
部之所生病也。故《难经》中说五积各有其名，如肝积曰肥气，在左胁下如杯，而脐左有动气，按之牢若痛者是；无是，
非也。余积皆然，治者当察其所痛，以知其应，有余不足，可补则补，可泻则泻，毋逆天时，详脏腑之高下，如寒者热
之，结者散之，客者除之，留者行之，坚者削之，按之摩之，咸以软之，苦以泻之，全其真气而补益之，随其所利而行
之，节饮食，慎起居，和其中外，可使必已。不然，徒以大毒之剂攻之，积不能除，反伤正气，终难复也，可不慎欤。
脉法
《脉经》曰∶脉来细而附骨者，积也。在寸口，积在胸中。微出寸口，积在喉中。在关上，积在脐傍。在关中，积
在心下。微下关，积在少腹。尺，积在气冲。脉出在右，积在右。脉出在左，积在左。脉两出，积在中央。各以其部处
之也。（在关中，一作上关上。）
脉来小沉而实者，胃中有积聚，不下食，食则吐。
肺积，脉浮而毛，按之辟易。
心积，脉沉而芤，上下无常处。
脾积，脉浮大而长。
肝积，脉弦而细。
肾积，脉沉而急。
脉沉重而中散者，因寒食成积。
脉左转而沉重者，气症积在胸中。
脉右转出不至寸口者，内有肉症也。
方法
丹溪曰∶块乃有形之物，气不能成形，痰与食积、死血也。在中为痰饮，在右为食积，在左为死血。大法咸以软之，
坚以削之，行气开痰为主。
治积块方，用海石、三棱、莪术、香附（以上俱用醋煮）、桃仁、红花、五灵脂之类为丸，石 白术汤下。
黄蜀葵根煎汤，入人参、白术、青皮、陈皮、甘草梢、牛膝，煎成膏，入细研桃仁、玄明粉各少许，热饮之，二服
当见块下。病重者，须补接之后，加减再行。
石 ，去痰积食积，洗涤垢腻有功。
瓦垄子，能消血块，次消痰。（瓦垄子，即蚶壳也。卢尚书移镇岭南，改蚶名瓦垄子，以其壳上有棱如瓦屋，故名之
耳。出领表异录。）
积块不可专用下药，徒损其气，病亦不去，当消导使之熔化，其死血块去，须大补。
（以上丹溪方法凡六条）
三圣膏 贴积块。
用未化锻石半斤为末，瓦上炒微红，提出候热稍减，入大黄末一两，炒热仍提出，入桂心末五钱，略炒，以米醋熬
成膏，浓摊烘热贴之。
琥珀膏
用大黄、朴硝各一两为末，以大蒜捣膏贴之。
阿魏丸 治肉积成块。
阿魏 山楂（各一两） 连翘（五钱） 黄连（六钱五分）
上以下三味为细末，以阿魏用米醋煮糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸。脾胃虚者，以白术三钱，陈皮、茯苓各一
钱，煎汤送下。一方，加半夏一两（以皂角同煮透，晒干用），石 三钱。又一方，以醋煮神曲糊为丸，无连翘。又一方，
既兼诸方，而又有栝蒌、贝母、南星、风化硝、胡黄连、莱菔子、麦 面，姜汁浸蒸饼为丸，治诸般积聚，用者更宜详
之。
大温中丸
小温中丸 俱治食积成痞块，面色痿黄，肌肤虚肿，饮食无味等证。（二方俱见黄胆门。）
凡妇人腹中有块，多属死血。
一方 治妇人死血、食积、痰饮成块，在两胁动作，雷鸣嘈杂，眩运身热，时作时止。
黄连（一两五钱，一半以吴茱萸五钱同炒，去茱萸。一半以益智五钱同炒，去益智） 莱服子（一两五钱，炒） 台
芎栀子 三棱 莪术（醋煮） 麦曲（炒） 桃仁（去皮尖，各五钱） 香附（童便浸焙干） 山楂（各一两）
上为细末，蒸饼为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，姜汤下。
一方 治妇人血块如盘，有孕难服峻药。
香附（四两，醋煮） 桃仁（一两，去皮尖，另研） 海石（二两，醋煮） 白术（一两）
上为细末，神曲糊丸服。
凡痞块在皮里膜外，须用补气药及香附开之，兼二陈汤，先须断浓味为要。
倒仓法∶
用肥嫩黄牡牛肉二、三十斤，切成小片，去筋膜，长流水煮糜烂，以布滤去渣滓，取净汁，再入锅中，慢火熬至琥
珀色，则成剂矣。令病者预先断欲食淡，前一日不食晚饭。设密屋一间，明亮而不通风处行之，置秽桶及木瓦盆贮吐下
之物，一瓷瓶盛所出之溺。令病者入室，以汁饮一杯，少时又饮一杯，积数十杯，寒月则重汤温而饮之，任其吐利。病
在上者欲其吐多，病在下者欲其利多，病在中者及在上复在下者，欲其吐利俱多，全在活法而为之缓急多寡也，视所出
之物，必尽病根乃止。吐利后必渴甚，不得与汤，以所出之溺饮之，名轮回酒，非惟可以止渴，抑且可以荡涤余垢。行
后倦睡，觉饥，先与稠米饮，次与淡稀粥，三日后方可与小菜羹，次与略浓粥、软饭。调养半月或一月，自觉精神焕发，
形体轻健，沉 悉能痊矣。其后，须忌牛肉数年。夫牛，坤土也。黄，土之色也。以顺为性而效法乎干以为功者，牡之
用也。肉者，胃之药也。熟而为液，无形之物也，横散入肉络，由肠胃而渗透肌肤，毛窍爪甲无不入也。积聚久则形质
成，根据附肠胃回薄曲折处，以为栖泊之窠臼，阻碍气血津液，熏蒸燔灼成病，自非刮肠刮骨之神妙，可以铢两丸散窥犯
其藩墙户牖乎。肉液之散溢，肠胃受之，其浓皆倍于前，有似乎肿，其回薄曲折处，肉液充满流行，有如洪水泛涨，其
浮槎陈朽皆推逐荡漾，顺流而不可停留。在表者因吐而汗，其清道者自吐而涌，浊道者自泄而去，凡属滞碍一洗而尽。
牛肉全重浓和顺之性，盎然涣然，润泽枯槁，补益虚损，宁无精神焕发之乐乎。正似武王克商，散财发粟，以赈殷人之
仰望也。其方得于西域之至人，凡人于中年后行一、二次，亦却疾养寿之一助也。
夫倒仓法，全借自饮轮回酒十数杯，以祛逐余垢，迎接调匀新布荣卫，使脏气盲膜生意敷畅，有脱胎换骨之功也。
多嫌其秽，因致中辍而功亏一篑。若非明物理、通造化者，其肯视为美酝良味乎。（此段乃丹溪与人书简所论也。）
愚按∶《内经》谓脾胃者，仓廪之官，五味出焉。大肠者，传道之官，变化出焉。小肠者，受盛之官，化物出焉。今
详此法名为倒仓，谓倾倒仓廪之陈腐也。其论中反复叮咛之意，无非只为肠胃中痰积胶固，及化生诸般奇形之虫，诚恐
痼疾难疗。愚常屡试明验，惟脾胃与大小肠有食积痰饮，而为腹痛、痞癖、食疟、黄胖、痞满、恶心、嗳气、嘈杂、吞
酸等证，行之无不应手获效。其余一应气血虚损，与夫反胃膈噎、鼓胀痨瘵、大风真病已成，及肥白气虚之人，或一切
证候脉虚软无力者，切不可轻试，以自招咎愆。丹溪有谓咯血吐红久病，尝用此法而愈者，盖必其人胃中痰火太盛，而
真气壮实未亏，亦在丹溪之高见，亲手用之则可。今人效颦，而妄以似是而非者行之，是乃徒取诮于他人，而反谤以丹
溪之法不堪信也，慎之慎之！
广术溃坚汤（东垣） 治有积块，坚硬如石，形大如盘，令人坐卧不安，二便涩滞，上气喘促，或通身虚肿，
中
满腹胀。（方见肿胀门。）
半夏浓朴汤（东垣） 治证同前。（方见肿胀门。）
散聚汤（三因） 治九气积聚，状如 瘕，随气上下，发作有时，心腹 痛，攻刺腰胁，小腹 胀，大小便不
利。
半夏 槟榔 川归（各四分） 陈皮 杏仁（去皮尖另研） 桂心（各一钱） 茯苓（一钱） 甘草（炙） 附子
（炮） 川芎（各五分） 枳壳（麸炒） 浓朴（姜制） 吴茱萸（汤泡去梗，焙干，各一钱五分） 大黄（酒拌湿蒸，
五分或一钱 大便利即去之）
上细切，作一服，加生姜三片，水二盏，煎至一盏，温服。
大七气汤（济生方） 治积聚，状如 瘕，随气上下，发作有时，心腹 痛，上气窒塞，小肠胀满。
益智 陈皮 京三棱 蓬术 香附子（炒，各一两五钱） 桔梗 肉桂 藿香叶 甘草（炙） 青皮（各二钱半）
上 咀，每服五钱，水煎。
硝石丸（千金） 止可磨块，不令人困，须量虚实用之。
硝石（六两） 大黄（八两，另研） 人参 甘草（各三两）
上为细末，以三年陈米醋三升，置瓷器中，以竹片作准，每入一升作一刻，先入大黄，不住手搅，使微沸，尽一刻，
乃下余药，又尽一刻，微火熬使可丸，如鸡子黄大，每服一丸，白汤化下，或丸如梧桐子大，每服三、五十丸。服后，
下如鸡肝或如米泔赤黑色等物乃效。下后，忌风冷，宜软粥将息。
妙香丸（局方） 治久年陈积。（方见火门。）
导气枳壳丸 治气结不散，心胸痞痛，逆气上攻。分气逐风，功莫尽述。
枳壳（去穣麸炒） 木通 青皮 陈皮（并去白） 桑白皮（炒） 莱菔子（炒） 白丑（炒） 黑丑（炒） 莪
术（煨） 茴香（炒） 京三棱（炮）
上各等分，为细末，姜汁调面煮糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，煎橘皮汤下。
木香三棱丸（河间） 治一切气闷，胸膈痞满，荣卫不和，口吐酸水，呕逆恶心，饮食不化，胁肋疼痛。无问
久
新，并皆治之。
青木香 破故纸 茴香 黑丑 甘遂 芫花 大戟 京三棱 蓬莪术（炮） 川楝子 葫芦巴 巴戟（以上各一两）
巴豆（不去油，二分） 陈仓米（三合，与巴豆一处同炒黑） 砂仁（一两五钱）
上细切，用好米醋二升，除砂仁、木香外，余药入醋中浸一宿，入锅内煮，醋尽干为度，同木香、砂仁为细末，醋
煮面糊为丸，如绿豆大，每服五丸或七丸，食后服，看虚实大小加减丸数，随汤水任下。
草豆蔻丸（东垣） 治酒积，或伤寒冷之物，胃脘痛，咽膈不通。
草豆蔻（麸裹煨） 白术（各一两） 大麦 神曲（各炒） 黄芩（炒） 半夏（各五钱，汤炮七次） 枳实（炒，
二两） 陈皮 青皮 干生姜（各二钱，炒） 炒盐（五钱）
上为极细末，汤浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大，每服一百丸，熟水下。
愚按∶此方乃饮酒过度，恣食寒凉之物，有 癖积饮在胸腹间作痛者之所宜也。
肥气丸 治肝之积，名曰肥气，在左胁下，如复杯，有头足，久不愈，令人发咳逆 疟，连岁不已。
浓朴（姜制，五钱） 黄连（七钱） 柴胡（二两） 川椒（四钱，炒，去合口者） 巴豆霜（五分） 干姜（泡，
五分） 川乌（炮，二分） 皂角（去皮弦，炙，一钱五分） 白茯苓（一钱五分） 广莪术（炮，二钱五分） 人参
（二钱五分） 甘草（炙，三钱） 昆布（酒洗，二钱五分）
【背景信息】
书名：医学正传 作者：虞传 朝代：明 章节：肿胀(2/2) / 积聚(1/2)(1/2) 类别：医论
戒除饮酒、房事以及食用咸味酱料，此病便可保证没有危险，否则离死亡将逐渐接近。兄长说：“从今日起开始戒除。”我采用丹溪（朱震亨）的治法，以人参、白术为君药，配合利水道、制约肝木、清肃肺金等药物。服用十帖后，小便通畅，大便成形，肿胀消退而病情安定。又过了半个月，有一位堂弟平时和我一起喝酒的人说：“天民弟弟向来不喝酒，像山中的鹿一样。（我与你相比），就像水中的鱼。鹿可以没有水，鱼也可以没有水吗？”三人于是痛饮，直到大醉才停止。第二天病情发作比之前更严重，再次来求治。我说：“无法救治了。”挨过一个月后去世。
梅林妻子的侄子孙骆智二，得了肿胀证，也让他戒除前述四件事，用前面的方法服药四五十帖后痊愈，安稳了五年。一天他感叹道：“人不吃盐酱，与死有什么区别。”于是开始吃盐，十几天后，旧病大发，再来求治，我不允许。他又告知想要施行倒仓法，我说：“脾虚非常严重，这种方法今天不可施行。”过了一个月，因腹部膨胀而死。我用丹溪的方法治疗肿胀，治愈的人很多，不能全部叙述，特意写下这两个人不遵守禁忌的事，作为后人患此病的警戒。
论
《内经》说：积聚、留饮、痞膈中满、湿积霍乱吐下、瘕坚硬腹满，都属于太阴湿土。这是脾胃之气，是积聚的根本。《难经》说：积属于阴气，聚属于阳气，所以阴气沉潜而潜伏，阳气浮越而变动。血所积聚称为积，气所聚集称为聚，所以积由五脏产生，聚由六腑形成。所谓积是阴气，它起始发病有固定位置，疼痛不离其部位，上下有始终，左右有穷尽之处。所谓聚是阳气，它起始发病没有根本，疼痛有时隐蔽有时显现，上下没有停留止息之处，疼痛发作没有定位。因此肝的积名为肥气，在左胁下，像倒扣的杯子，有头足，久不愈，使人咳嗽气逆、疟疾连年不愈。心的积名为伏梁，起于脐上，大如手臂，上至心下，久不愈，使人烦闷忧心。脾的积名为痞气，在胃脘右侧，大如盘子，久不愈，使人四肢无力不收，发黄疸，饮食不能化为肌肤。肺的积名为息奔，在右胁下，大如倒扣的杯子，久不愈，使人洒淅寒热，喘咳并发肺痈。肾的积名为奔豚，在小腹，上至心下，像小猪状，或上或下无定时，久不愈，使人喘逆、骨痿、少气。东垣说：《针经》说：那些形成积聚的，大概是厥气生于足部，足部生胫寒，胫寒则血脉凝涩，所以寒气上入肠胃，导致腹胀，腹胀则肠外的汁沫逼迫聚集而不能散开，日以继日地形成积聚了。或者盛食多饮则脾受伤，或者起居不节制、用力过度则络脉受伤，阳络脉受伤则血外溢，血外溢则鼻衄，阴络脉受伤则血内溢，血内溢则便血，肠胃的络脉受伤则血溢于肠外，肠外有寒汁沫与血相搏，则凝聚而成积了。或者外受寒邪、内伤于忧怒则气上逆，气逆则六腑不通，温气不行，凝血蕴裹不散，津液凝涩，渗着不去而成积了。又说：生于阴的，大概是忧思伤心，重寒伤肺，忿怒伤肝，醉后行房、汗出当风则伤脾，用力过度、入浴则伤肾，这是内外三部所生的疾病。所以《难经》中说五积各有其名，如肝积叫肥气，在左胁下像杯子，且脐左有动气，按之牢固若痛的是；没有这些，就不是。其余的积也是这样，治疗者应当观察其疼痛，以知道对应的脏腑，有余不足，可补则补，可泻则泻，不要违背天时，详察脏腑的高下，如寒者用热药，结者用散药，客者用除法，留者用行法，坚者用削法，按摩它，用咸味药软化它，用苦味药泻下它，保全真气并补益它，随着它的有利条件而行事，节制饮食，谨慎起居，调和内外，可以使病必愈。不然，只用大毒的药物攻伐，积不能去除，反而损伤正气，最终难以恢复，能不谨慎吗？
脉法
《脉经》说：脉来细弱而附于骨的，是积。在寸口，积在胸中。微出于寸口，积在喉中。在关上，积在脐旁。在关中，积在心下。微下关，积在少腹。尺部，积在气冲。脉出现在右边，积在右边。脉出现在左边，积在左边。脉两边都出现，积在中央。各以其部位判断。（在关中，一作上关上。）
脉来小沉而实的，胃中有积聚，不下食，食则吐。
肺积，脉浮而毛，按之辟易（指脉搏应指即去，轻浮无力）。
心积，脉沉而芤，上下无常处。
脾积，脉浮大而长。
肝积，脉弦而细。
肾积，脉沉而急。
脉沉重而中散的，因寒食成积。
脉左转而沉重的，气症积在胸中。
脉右转出不至寸口的，内有肉积。
方法
丹溪说：块是有形的物体，气不能成形，是痰与食积、死血。在中焦为痰饮，在右为食积，在左为死血。大法用咸味药软化它，用坚硬的药削它，以行气开痰为主。
治积块方，用海浮石、三棱、莪术、香附（以上都用醋煮）、桃仁、红花、五灵脂之类制成丸剂，用石菖蒲、白术汤送服。
黄蜀葵根煎汤，加入人参、白术、青皮、陈皮、甘草梢、牛膝，煎成膏，加入细研的桃仁、玄明粉各少许，热饮，两服后应当见到块下。病重的，必须补接之后，加减再行。
石菖蒲，能去痰积食积，洗涤垢腻有功。
瓦垄子，能消血块，其次消痰。（瓦垄子，即蚶壳也。卢尚书移镇岭南，改蚶名为瓦垄子，因为其壳上有棱如瓦屋，所以得名。出自岭表异录。）
积块不可专用下药，徒损其气，病也不去，应当消导使之熔化，其死血块去，须大补。
（以上丹溪方法凡六条）
三圣膏 贴积块。
用未化的锻石半斤为末，在瓦上炒微红，取出候热稍减，加入大黄末一两，炒热仍取出，加入桂心末五钱，略炒，用米醋熬成膏，浓摊烘热贴之。
琥珀膏
用大黄、朴硝各一两为末，用大蒜捣膏贴之。
阿魏丸 治肉积成块。
阿魏 山楂（各一两） 连翘（五钱） 黄连（六钱五分）
以上三味为细末，用阿魏用米醋煮糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸。脾胃虚者，用白术三钱，陈皮、茯苓各一钱，煎汤送下。一方，加半夏一两（以皂角同煮透，晒干用），石菖蒲三钱。又一方，用醋煮神曲糊为丸，无连翘。又一方，既兼诸方，又有栝蒌、贝母、南星、风化硝、胡黄连、莱菔子、麦面，姜汁浸蒸饼为丸，治各种积聚，使用者更宜详查。
大温中丸
小温中丸 都治食积成痞块，面色萎黄，肌肤虚肿，饮食无味等证。（二方俱见黄疸门。）
凡是妇人腹中有块，多属死血。
一方 治妇人死血、食积、痰饮成块，在两胁动作，雷鸣嘈杂，眩晕身热，时作时止。
黄连（一两五钱，一半用吴茱萸五钱同炒，去茱萸。一半用益智五钱同炒，去益智） 莱菔子（一两五钱，炒） 台芎 栀子 三棱 莪术（醋煮） 麦曲（炒） 桃仁（去皮尖，各五钱） 香附（童便浸焙干） 山楂（各一两）
以上为细末，蒸饼为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，姜汤下。
一方 治妇人血块如盘，有孕难服峻药。
香附（四两，醋煮） 桃仁（一两，去皮尖，另研） 海浮石（二两，醋煮） 白术（一两）
以上为细末，神曲糊丸服。
凡是痞块在皮里膜外，须用补气药及香附开之，兼二陈汤，先须断绝浓味为要。
倒仓法：
用肥嫩黄牡牛肉二、三十斤，切成小片，去筋膜，长流水煮糜烂，用布滤去渣滓，取净汁，再入锅中，慢火熬至琥珀色，则成剂了。令病者预先断欲食淡，前一天不吃晚饭。设密室一间，明亮而不通风处施行，置秽桶及木瓦盆贮吐下之物，一瓷瓶盛所出的溺。令病者入室，以汁饮一杯，少时又饮一杯，积数十杯，寒月则隔水温而饮之，任其吐利。病在上者欲其吐多，病在下者欲其利多，病在中者及在上复在下者，欲其吐利俱多，全在活法而为之缓急多寡也，视所出之物，必尽病根乃止。吐利后必渴甚，不得与汤，以所出的溺饮之，名轮回酒，不仅可以止渴，而且可以荡涤余垢。行后倦睡，觉饥，先给稠米饮，次给淡稀粥，三天后方可给小菜羹，次给略浓粥、软饭。调养半月或一月，自觉精神焕发，形体轻健，沉疴悉能痊愈了。其后，须忌牛肉数年。夫牛，坤土也。黄，土之色也。以顺为性而效法乎干以为功者，牡之用也。肉者，胃之药也。熟而为液，无形之物也，横散入肉络，由肠胃而渗透肌肤，毛窍爪甲无不入也。积聚久则形质成，根据附肠胃回薄曲折处，以为栖泊之窠臼，阻碍气血津液，熏蒸燔灼成病，自非刮肠刮骨之神妙，可以铢两丸散窥犯其藩墙户牖乎。肉液之散溢，肠胃受之，其浓皆倍于前，有似乎肿，其回薄曲折处，肉液充满流行，有如洪水泛涨，其浮槎陈朽皆推逐荡漾，顺流而不可停留。在表者因吐而汗，其清道者自吐而涌，浊道者自泄而去，凡属滞碍一洗而尽。牛肉全重浓和顺之性，盎然涣然，润泽枯槁，补益虚损，宁无精神焕发之乐乎。正似武王克商，散财发粟，以赈殷人之仰望也。其方得于西域之至人，凡人于中年后行一、二次，亦却疾养寿之一助也。
夫倒仓法，全借自饮轮回酒十数杯，以祛逐余垢，迎接调匀新布荣卫，使脏气盲膜生意敷畅，有脱胎换骨之功也。
多嫌其秽，因致中辍而功亏一篑。若非明物理、通造化者，其肯视为美酝良味乎。（此段乃丹溪与人书简所论也。）
愚按：《内经》谓脾胃者，仓廪之官，五味出焉。大肠者，传道之官，变化出焉。小肠者，受盛之官，化物出焉。今详此法名为倒仓，谓倾倒仓廪之陈腐也。其论中反复叮咛之意，无非只为肠胃中痰积胶固，及化生诸般奇形之虫，诚恐痼疾难疗。愚常屡试明验，惟脾胃与大小肠有食积痰饮，而为腹痛、痞癖、食疟、黄胖、痞满、恶心、嗳气、嘈杂、吞酸等证，行之无不应手获效。其余一应气血虚损，与夫反胃膈噎、鼓胀痨瘵、大风真病已成，及肥白气虚之人，或一切证候脉虚软无力者，切不可轻试，以自招咎愆。丹溪有谓咯血吐红久病，尝用此法而愈者，盖必其人胃中痰火太盛，而真气壮实未亏，亦在丹溪之高见，亲手用之则可。今人效颦，而妄以似是而非者行之，是乃徒取诮于他人，而反谤以丹溪之法不堪信也，慎之慎之！
广术溃坚汤（东垣） 治有积块，坚硬如石，形大如盘，令人坐卧不安，二便涩滞，上气喘促，或通身虚肿，中满腹胀。（方见肿胀门。）
半夏厚朴汤（东垣） 治证同前。（方见肿胀门。）
散聚汤（三因） 治九气积聚，状如瘕，随气上下，发作有时，心腹刺痛，攻刺腰胁，小腹胀，大小便不利。
半夏 槟榔 川归（各四分） 陈皮 杏仁（去皮尖另研） 桂心（各一钱） 茯苓（一钱） 甘草（炙） 附子（炮） 川芎（各五分） 枳壳（麸炒） 厚朴（姜制） 吴茱萸（汤泡去梗，焙干，各一钱五分） 大黄（酒拌湿蒸，五分或一钱，大便利即去之）
以上细切，作一服，加生姜三片，水二盏，煎至一盏，温服。
大七气汤（济生方） 治积聚，状如瘕，随气上下，发作有时，心腹刺痛，上气窒塞，小肠胀满。
益智 陈皮 京三棱 蓬术 香附子（炒，各一两五钱） 桔梗 肉桂 藿香叶 甘草（炙） 青皮（各二钱半）
以上咀，每服五钱，水煎。
硝石丸（千金） 止可磨块，不令人困，须量虚实用之。
硝石（六两） 大黄（八两，另研） 人参 甘草（各三两）
以上为细末，用三年陈米醋三升，置瓷器中，以竹片作准，每入一升作一刻，先入大黄，不住手搅，使微沸，尽一刻，乃下余药，又尽一刻，微火熬使可丸，如鸡子黄大，每服一丸，白汤化下，或丸如梧桐子大，每服三、五十丸。服后，下如鸡肝或如米泔赤黑色等物乃效。下后，忌风冷，宜软粥将息。
妙香丸（局方） 治久年陈积。（方见火门。）
导气枳壳丸 治气结不散，心胸痞痛，逆气上攻。分气逐风，功莫尽述。
枳壳（去穣麸炒） 木通 青皮 陈皮（并去白） 桑白皮（炒） 莱菔子（炒） 白丑（炒） 黑丑（炒） 莪术（煨） 茴香（炒） 京三棱（炮）
以上各等分，为细末，姜汁调面煮糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，煎橘皮汤下。
木香三棱丸（河间） 治一切气闷，胸膈痞满，荣卫不和，口吐酸水，呕逆恶心，饮食不化，胁肋疼痛。无问久新，并皆治之。
青木香 破故纸 茴香 黑丑 甘遂 芫花 大戟 京三棱 蓬莪术（炮） 川楝子 葫芦巴 巴戟（以上各一两） 巴豆（不去油，二分） 陈仓米（三合，与巴豆一处同炒黑） 砂仁（一两五钱）
以上细切，用好米醋二升，除砂仁、木香外，余药入醋中浸一宿，入锅内煮，醋尽干为度，同木香、砂仁为细末，醋煮面糊为丸，如绿豆大，每服五丸或七丸，食后服，看虚实大小加减丸数，随汤水任下。
草豆蔻丸（东垣） 治酒积，或伤寒冷之物，胃脘痛，咽膈不通。
草豆蔻（麸裹煨） 白术（各一两） 大麦 神曲（各炒） 黄芩（炒） 半夏（各五钱，汤炮七次） 枳实（炒，二两） 陈皮 青皮 干生姜（各二钱，炒） 炒盐（五钱）
以上为极细末，汤浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大，每服一百丸，熟水下。
愚按：此方乃饮酒过度，恣食寒凉之物，有癖积饮在胸腹间作痛者之所宜也。
肥气丸 治肝之积，名曰肥气，在左胁下，如复杯，有头足，久不愈，令人发咳逆疟，连岁不已。
厚朴（姜制，五钱） 黄连（七钱） 柴胡（二两） 川椒（四钱，炒，去合口者） 巴豆霜（五分） 干姜（泡，五分） 川乌（炮，二分） 皂角（去皮弦，炙，一钱五分） 白茯苓（一钱五分） 广莪术（炮，二钱五分） 人参（二钱五分） 甘草（炙，三钱） 昆布（酒洗，二钱五分）
[Background Information]
Book: *Yixue Zhengzhuan* (Correct Transmission of Medicine)
Author: Yu Zhuan
Dynasty: Ming
Chapter: Swelling (2/2) / Accumulation and Masses (1/2)(1/2)
Category: Medical Discourse
Abstain from alcohol, sexual indulgence, and salty condiments; this disease can be ensured to be non-lethal. Otherwise, one will gradually move further away from life. The elder brother said, "I will start abstaining from today." I employed the method of Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng), using *Renshen* (Ginseng Radix) and *Baizhu* (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) as the sovereign drugs, combined with herbs that promote urination, subdue Liver Wood, and clear Lung Metal. After ten doses, urination became frequent, stool solidified, swelling subsided, and the patient was stabilized. Half a month later, a younger male cousin who usually drank with me said, "Brother Tianmin has never drunk alcohol; he is like a deer in the mountains. You and I are like fish in water. Can a deer survive without water? Can a fish?" The three of them then drank heartily until they were thoroughly intoxicated. The next day, the illness recurred more severely than before, and he came seeking treatment again. I said, "It cannot be saved." He survived for another month and then passed away.
Sun Luozhi, the nephew of Meilin's wife, suffered from swelling syndrome. He was also instructed to abstain from the aforementioned four things and took the previous prescription for forty to fifty doses, after which he recovered and remained stable for five years. One day, he sighed, "If a person does not eat salt and condiments, what is the difference from death?" So he resumed eating salt. More than ten days later, his old illness flared up severely, and he came seeking treatment again. I refused. He then stated his desire to undergo the *Dao Cang* (Emptying the Granary) method. I said, "Your Spleen deficiency is extreme; this method cannot be applied today." Over a month later, he died from abdominal distension. I have treated many cases of swelling using Danxi's methods and achieved cures, but I cannot recount them all. I specifically record these two cases of those who did not observe dietary restrictions as a warning for future generations suffering from this disease.
Discourse
The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states: Accumulation (*Ji*), retention of fluids, epigastric fullness and obstruction, dampness-induced cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, hard masses (*Jia*) with abdominal fullness, all belong to Taiyin Damp Earth. This is the Qi of the Spleen and Stomach, the root of accumulation. The *Nanjing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: Accumulation belongs to Yin Qi, while gathering (*Ju*) belongs to Yang Qi. Therefore, Yin is deep and latent, while Yang is floating and active. What accumulates in blood is called Accumulation (*Ji*); what gathers in Qi is called Gathering (*Ju*). Thus, Accumulation arises from the Five Zang organs, while Gathering is formed by the Six Fu organs. As for Accumulation, it is Yin Qi. Its initial onset has a fixed location; its pain does not leave its region; it has specific upper and lower limits, and left and right boundaries. As for Gathering, it is Yang Qi. Its initial onset has no root; its pain may be hidden or visible; it has no fixed upper or lower stopping point; the pain occurs without a specific location. Therefore, the accumulation of the Liver is named Feiqi (Fat Qi), located under the left hypochondrium, resembling an inverted cup, with a head and feet. If not cured for a long time, it causes cough, counterflow qi, and malaria that persists year after year. The accumulation of the Heart is named Fuliang (Hidden Beam), starting above the umbilicus, as large as an arm, extending up to below the heart. If not cured for a long time, it causes vexation and anxiety. The accumulation of the Spleen is named Piqi (Stagnant Qi), located on the right side of the epigastrium, as large as a plate. If not cured for a long time, it causes inability to use the limbs, jaundice, and failure of food to transform into flesh. The accumulation of the Lung is named Xiben (Panting Rush), located under the right hypochondrium, as large as an inverted cup. If not cured for a long time, it causes chills and fever, panting, cough, and lung abscess. The accumulation of the Kidney is named Bentun (Running Piglet), located in the lower abdomen, extending up to below the heart, resembling a piglet, moving up and down at irregular times. If not cured for a long time, it causes panting, counterflow qi, bone weakness, and shortness of breath. Dongyuan says: The *Zhenjing* (Needle Classic) states: Those that form accumulations arise because Jue Qi generates cold in the legs, leg cold leads to coagulation and stagnation of blood vessels, so cold Qi enters the stomach and intestines from above, causing abdominal distension. Abdominal distension forces the fluid foam outside the intestines to gather and prevents dispersion, forming accumulation day by day. Or, excessive eating and drinking injure the Spleen; irregular living habits or excessive effort injure the collaterals. Injury to Yang collaterals causes external bleeding, leading to epistaxis; injury to Yin collaterals causes internal bleeding, leading to hematochezia. Injury to the collaterals of the stomach and intestines causes blood to overflow outside the intestines. Cold fluid foam outside the intestines fights with blood, coagulating to form accumulation. Or, external invasion of cold and internal injury from worry and anger cause Qi to counterflow. Qi counterflow leads to blockage of the six Fu organs, preventing the movement of warm Qi. Coagulated blood remains wrapped and does not disperse; body fluids become stagnant and adhere, failing to dissipate, thus forming accumulation. It is also said: Those arising from Yin are caused by worry and thought injuring the Heart; severe cold injuring the Lung; anger injuring the Liver; sexual intercourse after drunkenness with sweat exposed to wind injuring the Spleen; excessive effort and bathing injuring the Kidney. These are diseases generated in the internal and external three regions. Therefore, the *Nanjing* states that each of the five accumulations has its own name. For example, Liver accumulation is called Feiqi, located under the left hypochondrium like a cup, with pulsation to the left of the umbilicus, feeling firm and painful upon pressure; if these are absent, it is not the case. The same applies to other accumulations. Practitioners should observe the site of pain to determine the corresponding organ. If there is excess or deficiency, tonify if necessary, drain if necessary. Do not go against the timing of nature. Carefully examine the high and low positions of the Zang and Fu organs. For cold, use heat; for knotting, use dispersal; for invaders, use elimination; for retention, use movement; for hardness, use reduction. Massage and rub it. Use salty substances to soften, bitter substances to drain. Preserve true Qi and tonify it. Act according to what is beneficial. Regulate diet, be cautious in daily life, harmonize internal and external factors, and the disease can certainly be cured. Otherwise, attacking solely with highly toxic agents will not remove the accumulation but will instead damage healthy Qi, making recovery difficult. Can one not be cautious?
Pulse Diagnosis
The *Maijing* (Pulse Classic) states: A pulse that is thin and adheres to the bone indicates accumulation. At the Cun position, the accumulation is in the chest. Slightly emerging from the Cun position, the accumulation is in the throat. At the Guan position, the accumulation is beside the umbilicus. In the middle of the Guan position, the accumulation is below the heart. Slightly below the Guan position, the accumulation is in the lower abdomen. At the Chi position, the accumulation is at Qichong. If the pulse appears on the right, the accumulation is on the right. If the pulse appears on the left, the accumulation is on the left. If the pulse appears on both sides, the accumulation is in the center. Determine each based on its location. (In the middle of the Guan position, alternatively read as Upper Guan.)
A pulse that is small, deep, and excess indicates accumulation in the stomach, inability to swallow food, and vomiting after eating.
Lung accumulation: Pulse is floating and wiry/hairy; upon pressure, it slips away easily.
Heart accumulation: Pulse is deep and hollow (*Kou*); its location varies up and down.
Spleen accumulation: Pulse is floating, large, and long.
Liver accumulation: Pulse is wiry and fine.
Kidney accumulation: Pulse is deep and rapid.
A pulse that is heavy and sinking but scatters in the middle indicates accumulation due to cold and food.
A pulse that turns leftward and becomes heavy indicates Qi accumulation in the chest.
A pulse that turns rightward and does not reach the Cun position indicates meat accumulation internally.
Methods
Danxi said: Masses are tangible objects; Qi cannot form shapes. They are phlegm, food accumulation, and dead blood. In the middle jiao, it is phlegm-fluids; on the right, it is food accumulation; on the left, it is dead blood. The general principle is to use salty substances to soften them, hard substances to reduce them, and focus on moving Qi and resolving phlegm.
Formula for treating mass accumulation: Use Haishi (Floating Limestone), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) (all boiled in vinegar), Taoren (Persicae Semen), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Faeces), etc., made into pills. Take with Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) and Baizhu decoction.
Decoct Huangshukui Gen (Abelmoschi Hibisci Radix) in water, add Renshen, Baizhu, Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao Gao (Licorice Root Tip), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), boil into an extract. Add finely ground Taoren and Xuanningfen (Mirabilite). Drink hot. After two doses, the mass should descend. For severe cases, tonification and support must precede this, followed by modified administration.
Shichangpu removes phlegm and food accumulation; it is effective in washing away turbidity.
Walongzi (Arcae Testa) dissolves blood masses and secondarily resolves phlegm. (Walongzi is the shell of the ark clam. Lu Shangshu moved to Lingnan and renamed the ark clam Walongzi because its shell has ridges like roof tiles, hence the name. From *Lingbiao Yilu*.)
Accumulation masses should not be treated exclusively with purgatives, as this only damages Qi without removing the disease. One should resolve and guide the accumulation to melt it. Once dead blood masses are removed, major tonification is required.
(Above are six methods of Danxi.)
San Sheng Gao (Three Sages Plaster): Apply to accumulation masses.
Use half a jin of uncalcined lime powder, stir-fry on a tile until slightly red, remove and let cool slightly. Add one liang of Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) powder, stir-fry until hot, remove. Add five qian of Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex) powder, stir-fry briefly. Boil with rice vinegar into a paste. Apply thickly, warm it, and stick it on.
Hupo Gao (Amber Plaster):
Grind Dahuang and Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas) each one liang into powder. Mash garlic into a paste and apply.
awei Wan (Asafetida Pills): Treat meat accumulation forming masses.
Awei (Asafetida), Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus) (each one liang); Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) (five qian); Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (six qian five fen).
Grind the above three ingredients into fine powder. Use Awei boiled in rice vinegar to make a paste for pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take fifty pills per dose. For Spleen and Stomach deficiency, take with decoction of Baizhu (three qian), Chenpi (one qian), and Fuling (one qian). Another formula adds Banxia (one liang, boiled thoroughly with Zaocorus, dried) and Shichangpu (three qian). Another formula uses Shenqu fermented in vinegar as a binder, without Lianqiao. Another formula combines various prescriptions and includes Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Nanting (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum), Fenghua Xiao (Natrii Sulfas Exsiccatus), Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Laifuzi (Raphani Semen), Mai Mian (Tritici Farinae), steamed buns soaked in ginger juice. Treats various accumulations; users should consult carefully.
Da Wen Zhong Wan (Great Warm Middle Pill)
Xiao Wen Zhong Wan (Small Warm Middle Pill)
Both treat food accumulation forming痞块 (痞块: Epigastric mass/fullness), sallow complexion, edema of skin and muscles, and loss of taste. (Both formulas appear in the Jaundice section.)
Generally, masses in women's abdomens mostly belong to dead blood.
One formula treats women's dead blood, food accumulation, and phlegm-fluids forming masses, moving in the hypochondrium, with rumbling and discomfort, dizziness, body heat, occurring intermittently.
Huanglian (one liang five qian, half stir-fried with Wu Zhu Yu five qian, discard Wu Zhu Yu; half stir-fried with Yizhi five qian, discard Yizhi); Laifuzi (one liang five qian, stir-fried); Taixiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma); Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus); Sanleng; Ezhu (boiled in vinegar); Mai Qu (Stir-fried); Taoren (skin and tip removed, each five qian); Xiangfu (soaked in child's urine, baked dry); Shan Zha (each one liang).
Grind into fine powder, make pills with steamed buns, size of Sophora seeds. Take fifty pills per dose, with ginger decoction.
Another formula treats women's blood masses as large as a plate, where strong medicines are difficult to administer during pregnancy.
Xiangfu (four liang, boiled in vinegar); Taoren (one liang, skin and tip removed, separately ground); Haishi (two liang, boiled in vinegar); Baizhu (one liang).
Grind into fine powder, make pills with Shenqu paste.
For痞块 located between the skin and fascia, use Qi-tonifying herbs and Xiangfu to open them, combined with Erchen Tang. First, it is essential to avoid rich flavors.
Dao Cang Method (Emptying the Granary):
Use twenty to thirty jin of fat, tender, yellow castrated bull beef. Cut into small pieces, remove tendons and membranes. Boil in running water until soft and rotten. Filter through cloth to remove dregs, take the pure juice. Return to the pot, simmer slowly until amber-colored, then it is ready. Instruct the patient to abstain from desires and eat bland food beforehand. Do not eat dinner the day before. Set up a secret room, bright but not ventilated. Place a waste bucket and wooden/ceramic basins for vomit and feces, and a porcelain bottle for urine. Have the patient enter the room. Drink one cup of the juice, then another shortly after. Accumulate dozens of cups. In cold months, warm the juice in a double boiler before drinking. Allow vomiting and diarrhea freely. For diseases in the upper jiao, aim for more vomiting; for diseases in the lower jiao, aim for more diarrhea; for diseases in the middle jiao or affecting both upper and lower, aim for both vomiting and diarrhea. The flexibility depends on the situation. Observe the expelled matter; stop only when the root of the disease is completely expelled. After vomiting and diarrhea, thirst will be severe. Do not give water soup; drink the expelled urine, named "Reincarnation Wine" (Lunhui Jiu). Not only does it quench thirst, but it also washes away remaining turbidity. After the procedure, sleep tiredly. When hungry, first give thick rice water, then light thin porridge. After three days, allow vegetable soup, then thicker porridge and soft rice. Recover for half a month or a month. Feel refreshed and energetic, body light and healthy, chronic illnesses cured. Afterwards, abstain from beef for several years. Beef corresponds to Kun Earth. Yellow is the color of Earth. Its nature is submissive, imitating Heaven/Qian to achieve merit; this is the function of the male. Meat is medicine for the Stomach. Cooked into liquid, it is a formless substance. It spreads horizontally into muscle collaterals, penetrates from the intestines and stomach into skin, hair pores, and nails. Accumulations over time form physical structures, attaching to the folds and curves of the intestines and stomach, becoming nests that obstruct Qi, blood, and body fluids, steaming and burning to cause disease. Unless one has the miraculous power of scraping intestines and bones, how can pill powders penetrate its walls and windows? The dispersion of meat liquid is received by the intestines and stomach. Its concentration doubles, appearing somewhat swollen. In the folds and curves, the meat liquid fills and flows like a flood rising. Floating debris and decay are pushed and washed away, flowing downstream without staying. Those on the surface sweat due to vomiting; clear pathways surge via vomiting; turbid pathways exit via diarrhea. All obstructions are washed clean. Beef possesses the heavy, rich, smooth, and compliant nature. It is abundant and dissipating, moistening witheredness, tonifying deficiency. Is there not joy in spiritual refreshment? It is just like King Wu conquering Shang, distributing wealth and grain to relieve the longing of the Yin people. This formula was obtained from a supreme master in the Western Regions. Anyone performing this once or twice after middle age gains assistance in dispelling disease and nurturing longevity.
The Dao Cang method relies entirely on drinking dozens of cups of Reincarnation Wine oneself to expel residual turbidity, welcoming and harmonizing newly distributed Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi), allowing Zang Qi and blind membranes to flourish with vitality, achieving the effect of shedding one's mortal coil and changing bones.
Many dislike its filth, causing interruption and failure. Only those who understand natural principles and transformation would consider it fine wine and good taste. (This paragraph is discussed in letters from Danxi to others.)
My commentary: The *Neijing* states that the Spleen and Stomach are the officials of the granaries, from which the five flavors emerge. The Large Intestine is the official of transmission, from which changes emerge. The Small Intestine is the official of reception, from which transformations emerge. Now, detailing this method named "Dao Cang," it means emptying the stale and corrupt from the granaries. The repeated emphasis in the discourse is solely due to phlegm accumulation being sticky and solid in the intestines and stomach, and the generation of various strange worms. Truly fearing that stubborn diseases are hard to cure. I have tested this repeatedly with clear results. It is effective only for food accumulation and phlegm-fluids in the Spleen, Stomach, Large Intestine, and Small Intestine, presenting as abdominal pain,痞癖 (epigastric masses), food malaria, yellow puffy syndrome, epigastric fullness, nausea, belching, discomfort, acid regurgitation, etc. It works promptly. For other conditions involving Qi and Blood deficiency, reverse vomiting, dysphagia, drum-like distension, consumption tuberculosis, severe leprosy already established, and for fat, white, Qi-deficient persons, or any condition with weak and powerless pulses, do not lightly try it, lest you bring blame upon yourself. Danxi mentioned that patients with chronic hemoptysis and hematemesis could be cured by this method, provided their Stomach had excessive phlegm-fire and their True Qi was still robust. This reflects Danxi's profound insight; using it personally is acceptable. Today, people imitate blindly and apply it to inappropriate cases. This merely invites ridicule from others and falsely defames Danxi's methods as unreliable. Be cautious!
Guangshu Kuijian Tang (Dongyuan): Treats accumulation masses, hard as stone, large as a plate, causing restlessness in sitting and lying, difficulty in urination and defecation, panting and shortness of breath, or generalized edema, epigastric fullness and abdominal distension. (Formula appears in the Swelling section.)
Banxia Houpo Tang (Dongyuan): Treats the same conditions as above. (Formula appears in the Swelling section.)
San Ju Tang (Sanyin Fang): Treats Nine Qi accumulation and gathering, resembling Jia masses, moving up and down with Qi, occurring at specific times, stabbing pain in the heart and abdomen, piercing the waist and hypochondrium, lower abdominal distension, and difficulty in urination and defecation.
Banxia, Binglang, Chuan Gui (each four fen); Chenpi, Xingren (skin and tip removed, separately ground), Guixin (each one qian); Fuling (one qian); Gancao (roasted), Fuzi (processed), Chuanxiong (each five fen); Zhike (bran-roasted), Houpo (ginger-processed), Wuzhuyu (soaked in water, stem removed, dried, each one qian five fen); Dahuang (mixed with wine, moistened, steamed, five fen or one qian, remove if stool becomes loose).
Finely cut. Prepare one dose. Add three slices of fresh ginger, two zhan of water. Decoct to one zhan. Take warm.
Da Qi Qi Tang (Jisheng Fang): Treats accumulation and gathering, resembling Jia masses, moving up and down with Qi, occurring at specific times, stabbing pain in the heart and abdomen, upper Qi obstruction, and small intestinal distension.
Yizhi, Chenpi, Jing Sanleng, Pengzhu, Xiangfuzi (roasted, each one liang five qian); Jiegeng, Rougui, Huoxiang Ye, Gancao (roasted), Qingpi (each two qian half).
Cut into pieces. Take five qian per dose, decoct in water.
Xiaoshi Wan (Qianjin Fang): Can only grind masses, does not exhaust the patient. Must be used according to deficiency and excess.
Xiaoshi (six liang); Dahuang (eight liang, separately ground); Renshen, Gancao (each three liang).
Grind into fine powder. Use three sheng of three-year-old aged rice vinegar, place in a porcelain vessel. Use a bamboo strip as a measure; each one sheng added marks one "ke" (time unit). First add Dahuang, stir constantly until slightly boiling. Finish one ke, then add remaining herbs. Stir for another ke. Simmer on low fire until pills can be formed, size of chicken egg yolk. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in white water. Or make pills size of Sophora seeds, take thirty to fifty pills per dose. After taking, passing material resembling chicken liver or rice water with dark red/black color indicates efficacy. After evacuation, avoid wind and cold; recover with soft porridge.
Miaoxiang Wan (Jufang): Treats long-standing chronic accumulation. (Formula appears in the Fire section.)
Daoqi Zhike Wan: Treats Qi knotting and not dispersing, epigastric and chest pain, counterflow Qi attacking upward. Distributes Qi and drives out Wind; merits cannot be fully described.
Zhike (remove pulp, bran-roasted), Mutong, Qingpi, Chenpi (both remove white pith), Sangbaipi (roasted), Laifuzi (roasted), Bai Chou (roasted), Hei Chou (roasted), Ezhu (roasted), Huixiang (roasted), Jing Sanleng (processed).
Equal parts. Grind into fine powder. Mix with ginger juice and flour paste to make pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, with orange peel decoction.
Muxiang Sanleng Wan (Hejian): Treats all Qi stagnation, chest and diaphragm fullness, disharmony of Ying and Wei, sour water vomiting, retching and nausea, undigested food, hypochondriac pain. Treats both new and old cases.
Qingmuxiang, Poguzhi, Huixiang, Hei Chou, Gansui, Yuanhua, Daji, Jing Sanleng, Peng'Ezhu (processed), Chuanlianzi, Huluba, Bajitian (each one liang); Badou (do not remove oil, two fen); Chencangmi (three he, stir-fried black together with Badou); Sharen (one liang five qian).
Finely cut. Use two sheng of good rice vinegar. Except for Sharen and Muxiang, soak remaining herbs in vinegar overnight. Boil in a pot until vinegar is dry. Grind together with Muxiang and Sharen into fine powder. Make pills with vinegar-boiled flour paste, size of mung beans. Take five or seven pills per dose, after meals. Adjust number of pills based on deficiency/excess and size. Take with water or soup as desired.
Caodoukou Wan (Dongyuan): Treats alcohol accumulation, or injury from cold foods, epigastric pain, blockage in throat and diaphragm.
Caodoukou (wrapped in bran, roasted), Baizhu (each one liang); Damai, Shenqu (each stir-fried); Huangqin (roasted); Banxia (each five qian, processed in water seven times); Zhishi (roasted, two liang); Chenpi, Qingpi, Dry Ginger (each two qian, stir-fried); Fried Salt (five qian).
Grind into extremely fine powder. Soak steamed buns in water to make pills, size of mung beans. Take one hundred pills per dose, with cooked water.
My commentary: This formula is suitable for those who drink excessively, indulge in cold and raw foods, and suffer from pain due to masses and fluid retention in the chest and abdomen.
Feiqi Wan: Treats Liver accumulation, named Feiqi, located under the left hypochondrium, resembling an inverted cup, with head and feet. If not cured for a long time, causes cough, counterflow Qi, and malaria persisting year after year.
Houpo (ginger-processed, five qian); Huanglian (seven qian); Chaihu (two liang); Chuanjiao (four qian, stir-fried, remove closed-mouth ones); Badoushuang (five fen); Ganjiang (soaked, five fen); Chuanwu (processed, two fen); Zaojiao (remove skin and strings, roasted, one qian five fen); Baifuling (one qian five fen); Guang Ezhu (processed, two qian five fen); Renshen (two qian five fen); Gancao (roasted, three qian); Kunbu (washed in wine, two qian five fen).