〔《大》〕产后咳逆，三日不止，欲死。
肉桂（五钱） 姜汁（三合）
上同煎，服二合。以火先炙手摩令背热，时时涂药汁尽，妙。
产后咳逆，干柿一个切碎，以水一盏，煎六分，热呷。
〔《产宝》〕治产后咳逆，经三五日不止欲死方。煎壁镜窠三五个呷，瘥。（即 子窝）
〔《大》〕噫呃服药无效，灸期门必愈。
〔洁〕论曰∶脏腑泻利，其证亦多，大抵从风湿热论之。是知寒少热多，寒则不能久也。故曰暴泄非阴，
久泄非阳。论曰∶春宜缓形，形缓动则肝木乃荣，反静密，则是行秋令，金能制木，风气内藏。夏至则火盛而
金去，独火木旺而脾土损矣，轻则飧泄，身热脉洪，谷不能化；重则下利，脓血稠粘，里急后重。故曰∶诸泄
稠粘，皆属于火。经云∶溲而便脓血，知气行而血止也，宜大黄汤下之，是为重剂。黄芩芍药汤，是为轻剂。
是实则泻其子，木能自虚，而脾土实矣。故经曰∶春伤于风，夏为飧泄。此逆四时之气，人所自为也。（此一节热
泄，所谓滞下也。）有自太阴经脾受湿而为水泄，虚滑微满，身重，不知谷味。假令春宜益黄散补之，夏宜泄
之。法曰∶宜补宜泄，宜和宜止。和则芍药汤，止则诃子汤。久则防变为脓血，是脾经传受于肾，谓之贼邪，
故难愈也。若先利而后泻，谓之微邪，故易安。此皆脾土受湿，天之所为也，虽圣智不能逃。口食味，鼻食气，
从鼻而入，留积于脾，而为水泄也。（此一节湿泄，所谓泄泻也。）有厥阴经动，下痢不止，其脉沉而迟，手
足厥逆，涕唾脓血，此症难治，宜麻黄汤、小续命汤汗之。法云∶为有表邪缩于内，当散之而自愈。（此一节
风泄，所谓久泄也。）有暴下无声，身冷自汗，小便清利，大便不禁，气难布息，脉微呕吐，急以重药温之，
浆水散是也。（此一节寒泄，所谓暴泄也。）故法曰∶后重者，宜下；腹痛者，宜和；身重者，宜除湿；脉弦者，
去风；脓血稠粘者，以重药竭之；身冷自汗者，以毒药温之；风邪内缩者，宜汗之则愈； 溏为痢，宜温之而
已。又曰∶在表者发之，在里者下之，在上者涌之，在下者竭之，身表热者内疏之，小便涩者分利之。又曰∶
盛者和之，去者送之，过者止之。兵法曰∶避其来锐，击其惰归，此之谓也。凡病泄而恶寒，太阴传少阴，
为土来克水也，用除湿白术、茯苓安脾；芍药、桂皮、黄连破血。火邪不能胜水，太阴经不能传少阴而反
助火邪，上乘肺经而痢，必白脓也。加当归、芍药之类是已。又
里急后重，脉大而洪实，为里实症。而痛甚，是有物结坠也，宜下之。若脉浮大甚，不可下。虽里急后重，脉
沉细而弱者，谓寒邪在内而气散也，可温养而自安。里急后重闭者，大肠气不宣通也，宜加槟榔、木香宣通其
气。若四肢慵倦，小便少，或不利，大便走，沉困，饮食减少，宜调胃去湿，白术、芍药、茯苓三味，水煎服。
白术除脾胃之湿；芍药除胃之湿热；四肢困倦，茯苓能通水道走湿。如发热恶寒，腹不痛，加黄芩为主。如未
见脓而恶寒，乃太阴欲传少阴也，加黄连为主，桂枝佐之。如腹痛甚，加当归，倍芍药。如见血，加黄连为主，
桂枝、当归佐之。如烦躁，或先便白脓后血，或发热，或恶寒，非黄连不能止上部血也。如恶寒脉沉，先血后
便，非地榆不除下部血也。如恶寒脉沉，或腰痛，或脐下痛，非黄芩不除此中部血也。如便脓血相杂，而脉浮
大，慎勿以大黄下之，下之必死。谓气下竭也，而阳无所收。凡阴阳不和，惟以分阴阳之法治之。又曰∶暴泄
非阴，久泄非阳。有热者，脉疾，身动声亮，暴注下迫，此阳也。寒者，脉沉而细，身困。鼻息微者，姜附汤
主之。身重不举，术附汤主之。渴引饮者，是热在膈上，水多入则自胸膈入胃中。胃本无热，因不胜其水，胃受
水攻，故水谷一时下。此症当灸大椎三五壮，立愈。乃督脉泻也。如用药使车前子、雷丸、白术、茯苓之类，
五苓散亦可。又有寒泄者，大腹满而泄，又有 溏者，是寒泄也。 者，鸭也。大便如水，其中有少结粪者是
也。如此者当用天麻、附子、干姜之类。又法曰∶泄有虚实寒热，虚则无力，不及拈衣，未便已泄出，谓不能
禁固也。实则数至圊而不便，俗云虚坐努责是也。里急后重，皆根据前法进退，大承气汤主之。太阳病为挟热痢，
凉膈散主之。（表症误下，因而下痢不止，为挟热利。）阳明为痼瘕进退，大承气汤主之。太阴湿胜濡泻，不
可下而可温，四逆汤主之。少阴蛰风不动，禁固可涩，赤石脂丸、干姜汤主之。厥阴风泄以风治，宜小续命汤、
消风汤主之。少阳风气自动，大柴胡汤主之。
〔《保》〕五泄伤寒，乃分三部∶初说暴，次说中，后说久泄。
此说在《难经·五十七难》，是三节内，该十五法。初治以暴药；中以的对症药，得中治也；末治久泄，仲
景论厥阴经治法是也。
〔垣〕胃气和平，饮食入胃，精气则输于脾，上归于肺，行于百脉，而养荣卫也。若饮食一伤，起居不时，
损其胃气，则上升精华之气反下降，是为飧泄。久则太阴传少阴而为肠 。假令伤寒冷冻饮料食， 满而胀，传为
飧泄者，宜温热之剂以消导之。伤湿热之物而成脓血者，宜苦寒之剂以内疏之。风邪下陷者升举之。湿气内盛
者分利之。里急者下之。后重者调之。腹痛者和之。洞泄肠鸣无力，不及拈衣，其脉细微而弱者，温之收之。
脓血稠粘，数至圊而不能便，其脉洪大而有力者，下之寒之。大抵治病当求其所因，察何气之胜，取相克之药
平之，随其所利而利之，以平为期，此治之大法也。诸泻痢久不止或暴下者，皆太阴受病，不可离甘草、芍药。
若不受湿则不痢，故须用白术。是以圣人立法∶若四时下痢，于芍药、白术内，春加防风；夏加黄芩；秋加浓
朴；冬加桂、附。然更详外证寒热处之，如里急后重，须加大黄；如身困倦，须用白术；若自汗逆冷，气息微，
加桂、附以温之；如或后重脓血稠粘，虽在盛冬，于温药内亦加大黄。
〔《难》〕有胃泄、有脾泄、有大肠泄、有小肠泄、有大瘕泄，名曰后重。胃泄者，饮食不化，色黄。（飧
泄也。《保命》云∶承气汤下之。）又有脾泄者，腹胀满泄注，食即呕吐逆。（《保命》云∶建中、理中汤主之。）
大肠泄者，食已窘迫，大便色白，肠鸣切痛。（《保命》云∶干姜附子汤主之。）小肠泄者，溲而便脓血，少
腹痛。（《保命》云∶承气汤下之。）大瘕泄者，里急后重，数至圊而不能便，茎中痛。（《保命》云∶胃、小
肠、大肠三症，皆清凉饮子主之，其泄自止。厥阴症茎中痛，加甘草；少阴症里急后重，加大黄。）
此治五泄之法也。
〔丹〕泄泻之症，水谷或化或不化，并无努责，惟觉困倦。若滞下则不然，或脓或血，或脓血相杂，或肠
垢，或无糟粕，或糟粕相杂，虽有痛不痛之异，然皆里急后重，逼迫恼人。
〔仲〕大肠有寒者多 溏，有热者便肠垢。
〔《灵》〕肠中寒则肠鸣飧泄。肠中热则出黄糜。（师传篇）
〔仲〕下利脉微弱数者，为欲自止，虽发热不死。下利有微热而渴，脉弱者，亦自愈。下利脉数而渴者，
令自愈。设不瘥，必圊脓血，以有热故也。下利脉数，有微热汗出，令自愈。设脉紧，为未解。下利脉反弦，
发热身汗者，自愈。下利脉沉而迟，其人面少赤，身有微热，下利清谷者，必郁冒汗出而解，病患必微厥。所
以然者，其面戴阳，下虚故也。
〔《素》〕胃脉虚则泄。（脉要精微论）
〔《脉》〕脉滑按之虚绝者，其人必下痢。肺脉小甚为泄。（全文见治虚实法。经云∶小者气血皆虚。）
肾脉小甚为洞泄。（小者血气皆少。肾主闭藏，今血气虚少，无以闭藏，故泄。）
〔《素》〕尺寒脉细，谓之后泄。（平人气象论）尺肤寒，其脉小者，泄少气。（全文见评虚实论。）
〔仲〕下利，脉沉弦者，下重。下利，寸口反浮数，尺中自涩者，必圊脓。溲病，若腹大而泄者，脉当细
微而涩，反紧大而滑者死。
〔《脉》〕泄注，脉缓时小结者生；浮大数者死。
〔《素》〕泄而脉大者，难治。（玉机真藏论）病泄，脉洪大，是逆也。（全文见诊生死。）
〔仲〕下利，脉大者为不止。下利，日十余行，脉反实者死。
〔《灵》〕大便赤瓣飧泄，脉小者，手足寒，难已。飧泄，脉小，手足温，泄易已。（论疾诊尺篇）腹鸣而满，
四肢清泄，其脉大，是逆也。如是者，不过十五日死矣。（全文见诊生死。）腹大胀，四末清，脱形，泄甚，
是逆也，如是者，不及一时死矣。
〔仲〕六腑气绝于外者，手足寒，上气脚缩。五脏气绝于内者，利不禁，下甚者，手足不仁。下利，手足
厥冷无脉者，灸之不温。若脉不还，反微喘者死。少阴负跗阳者为顺也。下利后脉绝，手足厥冷， 时脉还，
手足温者生；脉不还者死。病者痿黄，燥而不渴，胸中寒而利不止者死。假令下利，寸口、关上、尺中悉不见
脉，然尺中时一小见脉，再举头者，肾气也，若见损脉来为难治。
〔丹〕下痢如鱼脑者，半死半生。下痢如尘腐色者死。纯血者死。下如屋漏者死。下痢如竹筒注者不可治。
五虚者不治。
五虚者，经云∶脉细、皮寒、气少、泄痢前后、饮食不入，此谓五虚。五虚者死。其浆粥入胃，泄注止，
则虚者活。予尝治数人，在下则泄泻不止，在上则吐痰不已者，皆死证，气脱无所管摄故也。若用参术膏
救之早者，十活二三。
【《大》】产后出现咳嗽气逆，若持续三天不止，病情危重，令人痛苦欲死。
肉桂（五钱） 姜汁（三合）
将上述药物共同煎煮，服用二合药液。先用火烤热双手，按摩背部使其发热，并时常涂抹药汁直至用完，效果奇妙。
产后咳嗽气逆，取干柿子一个切碎，用水一盏，煎至六分，趁热小口饮用。
【《产宝》】治疗产后咳嗽气逆，经过三五天仍不止、痛苦欲死的方子。煎煮壁镜窠（即蜘蛛窝）三五个饮用，病即可痊愈。
【《大】嗳气呃逆服药无效时，灸期门穴必定痊愈。
【李东垣】论述说：脏腑发生的泄泻痢疾，症状表现很多，大体上从风、湿、热三个方面来论述。由此可知，寒证少而热证多，因为寒邪不能久留体内。所以说暴发的泄泻不属于纯阴证，久延不愈的泄泻不属于纯阳证。论述说：春季应当舒缓形体，形体舒缓则肝木之气得以荣养；如果反而保持静止严密的状态，那就是施行秋季的命令，金能克制木，风气就会内藏。到了夏至，火气旺盛而金气退去，只有火和木旺盛而脾土受损了。轻则发生完谷不化的飧泄，身体发热，脉象洪大，食物不能消化；重则发生下利脓血，粪便稠粘，伴有里急后重感。所以说：各种泄泻粪便稠粘的，都属于火邪。经书说：小便与大便同时排出脓血，说明气行而血止，适宜用大黄汤攻下，这是重剂。黄芩芍药汤，是轻剂。这就是“实则泻其子”的道理，肝木自虚，脾土就能充实。所以经书说：春季伤于风邪，夏季发生飧泄。这是违背四时气候的变化，是人自己造成的。（这一节讲的是热泄，也就是所谓的滞下。）有因太阴经脾脏受湿邪而导致的水泄，表现为虚滑、轻微腹胀、身体沉重、不知食物滋味。假如春季适宜用益黄散补益，夏季适宜用泄法。治法说：适宜补、适宜泄、适宜调和、适宜收敛。调和用芍药汤，收敛用诃子汤。时间久了要防止转变为脓血便，这是脾经的病传变到肾经，称为贼邪，所以难以治愈。如果是先通利而后腹泻，称为微邪，所以容易安定。这些都是脾土受湿邪影响，是天时的作用，即使是圣智之人也不能逃避。口尝味道，鼻嗅气味，气味从鼻进入，留积在脾脏，从而形成水泄。（这一节讲的是湿泄，也就是所谓的泄泻。）有厥阴经动乱，导致下痢不止，脉象沉而迟，手足冰冷，鼻涕唾液中带脓血，这种病症难治，适宜用麻黄汤、小续命汤发汗解表。治法说：因为有表邪收缩于内，应当发散它而自然痊愈。（这一节讲的是风泄，也就是所谓的久泄。）有突然腹泻无声，身体寒冷，自汗，小便清长通畅，大便失禁，气息短促困难，脉象微弱且呕吐，急需重用温性药物治疗，浆水散就是这类方剂。（这一节讲的是寒泄，也就是所谓的暴泄。）所以治法说：肛门坠胀感的，适宜攻下；腹痛的，适宜调和；身体沉重的，适宜祛除湿邪；脉弦的，适宜祛风；粪便稠粘带脓血的，用重药竭尽邪气；身体寒冷自汗的，用毒药温补；风邪内缩的，适宜发汗则痊愈；稀便为痢，适宜温补而已。又说：病邪在表的，用发汗法；在里的，用攻下法；在上的，用涌吐法；在下的，用固涩或攻逐法；体表发热的，用内疏法；小便涩滞的，用分利法。又说：正气盛的，用调和法；正气去的，用送扶法；邪气过的，用止法。兵法说：避开敌人锐气，攻击敌人懈怠归来之时，说的就是这个道理。凡是患泄泻且恶寒的，是太阴传给少阴，属于土来克水，用除湿白术、茯苓安顿脾脏；芍药、桂皮、黄连破血。火邪不能战胜水邪，太阴经不能传给少阴反而助长火邪，上乘肺经而痢，必然排出白色脓液。加入当归、芍药之类就是了。又有里急后重，脉象大而洪实，属于里实证。而且疼痛剧烈，是有实物结聚下坠，适宜攻下。如果脉象浮大严重，不可攻下。虽然里急后重，但脉象沉细而弱，称为寒邪在内而气机涣散，可以温养而自然安定。里急后重闭塞的，是大肠气机不宣通，适宜加槟榔、木香宣通气机。如果四肢慵懒疲倦，小便少或不通利，大便滑脱，沉困乏力，饮食减少，适宜调理胃气祛湿，用白术、芍药、茯苓三味药，水煎服。白术去除脾胃之湿；芍药去除胃之湿热；四肢困倦，茯苓能通调水道走泄湿气。如发热恶寒，腹部不痛，加黄芩为主药。如未见脓血而恶寒，是太阴欲传少阴，加黄连为主药，桂枝辅助。如腹痛严重，加当归，加倍芍药。如见血，加黄连为主药，桂枝、当归辅助。如烦躁，或先排白色脓血后排血，或发热，或恶寒，非黄连不能止住上部出血。如恶寒脉沉，先血后便，非地榆不能清除下部出血。如恶寒脉沉，或腰痛，或脐下痛，非黄芩不能清除中部出血。如便脓血混杂，而脉象浮大，千万不要用大黄攻下，攻下必死。这是因为气在下部衰竭，阳气无所收敛。凡阴阳不和，只用分阴阳的方法治疗。又说：暴发的泄泻不属于阴证，久延的泄泻不属于阳证。有热证的，脉象急数，身体躁动，声音洪亮，暴注下迫，这是阳证。有寒证的，脉象沉而细，身体困倦。呼吸微弱的，用姜附汤主治。身体沉重不能举动的，用术附汤主治。口渴引饮的，是热在膈上，水喝多了就从胸膈进入胃中。胃本来没有热，因为承受不了这么多水，胃受到水的冲击，所以水谷一时下行。这种病症应当灸大椎穴三五个壮，立刻痊愈。这是督脉的泄症。如果用药物使车前子、雷丸、白术、茯苓之类，五苓散也可以使用。又有寒泄者，腹部胀满而泄，又有鸭溏者，也是寒泄。鸭溏，是指像鸭子的大便一样。大便像水，其中夹杂少量成形粪块的就是。这种情况应当用天麻、附子、干姜之类。又一种说法：泄泻有虚实寒热之分，虚证则无力，连衣服都拿不起来，还没排便就已经泄出，称为不能固摄。实证则是频繁去厕所却排不出，俗话叫虚坐努责。里急后重，都根据前面的方法进退加减，以大承气汤主治。太阳病为挟热痢，用凉膈散主治。（表证误用下法，因而下痢不止，称为挟热利。）阳明病为痼瘕进退，用大承气汤主治。太阴病湿胜濡泻，不可攻下而可温补，用四逆汤主治。少阴病蛰风不动，禁止固涩可用收敛法，用赤石脂丸、干姜汤主治。厥阴病风泄以风邪论治，宜用小续命汤、消风汤主治。少阳病风气自动，用大柴胡汤主治。
【《保》】五泄伤寒，分为三部：初说暴泄，次说中泄，后说久泄。
这种说法出自《难经·五十七难》，在三节内容中，包含十五种治法。初起用暴泄药治疗；中期用对症药，得到恰当的治疗；末期治疗久泄，是张仲景论述厥阴经治法的内容。
【李杲】胃气平和，饮食进入胃中，精气就输送给脾，向上归于肺，运行于全身血脉，从而滋养营卫。如果饮食一受伤，起居不按时，损伤了胃气，那么上升的精华之气反而下降，这就形成了飧泄。时间久了，太阴传给少阴而形成肠澼。假如伤了寒冷冰冻的饮食，腹部胀满而胀，传变为飧泄的，适宜用温热剂来消导。伤了湿热之物而成脓血的，适宜用苦寒剂来内疏。风邪下陷的，升举它。湿气内盛的，分利它。里急的，攻下它。后重的，调畅它。腹痛的，调和它。洞泄肠鸣无力，连衣服都拿不起来，脉象细微而弱的，温补收敛它。脓血稠粘，频繁去厕所却不能排便，脉象洪大而有力的，攻下寒凉它。大体上治病应当探求病因，观察哪种气偏胜，选取相克的药物来平抑它，随着它的有利条件而利用它，以平衡为终点，这是治病的总原则。各种泻痢久不止或暴下的，都是太阴受病，不可离开甘草、芍药。如果不受湿就不会痢疾，所以必须用白术。因此圣人立法：如果在四季发生痢疾，在芍药、白术的基础上，春季加防风；夏季加黄芩；秋季加厚朴；冬季加桂枝、附子。然而更要详细查看外证的寒热来处理，如里急后重，须加大黄；如身体困倦，须用白术；如自汗逆冷，气息微弱，加桂枝、附子以温补；如后重脓血稠粘，即使在盛冬，在温药内也加大黄。
【《难经》】有胃泄、有脾泄、有大肠泄、有小肠泄、有大瘕泄，名称叫做后重。胃泄，饮食不消化，颜色发黄。（飧泄。《保命集》说：用承气汤攻下。）又有脾泄，腹胀满泄泻，进食即呕吐逆反。（《保命集》说：用建中汤、理中汤主治。）大肠泄，吃完饭后窘迫，大便颜色白，肠鸣切痛。（《保命集》说：用干姜附子汤主治。）小肠泄，小便与大便同时排出脓血，小腹疼痛。（《保命集》说：用承气汤攻下。）大瘕泄，里急后重，频繁去厕所却不能排便，尿道疼痛。（《保命集》说：胃、小肠、大肠三种症状，都用清凉饮子主治，泄泻自然停止。厥阴症尿道痛，加甘草；少阴症里急后重，加大黄。）
这是治疗五泄的方法。
【朱震亨】泄泻的症状，水谷有的消化有的不消化，并没有努责的感觉，只觉得困倦。如果是滞下则不然，或者脓或者血，或者脓血混杂，或者肠垢，或者没有糟粕，或者糟粕混杂，虽然有痛或不痛的差异，但都有里急后重，逼迫恼人。
【张仲景】大肠有寒的多便溏，有热的排肠垢。
【《灵枢》】肠中有寒则肠鸣飧泄。肠中有热则排出黄色糜烂物。（师传篇）
【张仲景】下利脉象微弱数的，是想要自行停止，虽然发热也不会死。下利有微热而渴，脉象弱的，也会自愈。下利脉数而渴的，令其自愈。如果不痊愈，必然排泄脓血，因为有热邪的缘故。下利脉数，有微热汗出，令其自愈。如果脉紧，为未解除。下利脉反弦，发热身汗的，自愈。下利脉沉而迟，其人面部微红，身体有微热，下利清谷的，必然郁冒汗出而解，病人必然轻微厥冷。之所以这样，是因为面戴阳，下焦虚的缘故。
【《素问》】胃脉虚则泄。（脉要精微论）
【《脉经》】脉滑按之空虚绝断的，其人必然下痢。肺脉小甚为泄。（全文见于治虚实法。经书说：小脉表示气血皆虚。）肾脉小甚为洞泄。（小脉表示血气皆少。肾主闭藏，现在血气虚少，无法闭藏，所以泄泻。）
【《素问》】尺肤寒脉细，称为后泄。（平人气象论）尺肤寒，脉小的，泄少气。（全文见于评虚实论。）
【张仲景】下利，脉沉弦的，下重。下利，寸口脉反浮数，尺中自涩的，必然排泄脓血。淋病，如果腹部大而泄的，脉应当细微而涩，反见紧大而滑的预后不良。
【《脉经》】泄注，脉缓时小结的预后良好；浮大数的预后不良。
【《素问】泄而脉大的，难治。（玉机真藏论）病泄，脉洪大，是逆证。（全文见于诊生死。）
【张仲景】下利，脉大的为不止。下利，一天十多次，脉反实的预后不良。
【《灵枢】大便赤瓣飧泄，脉小的，手足寒冷，难愈。飧泄，脉小，手足温暖，泄易愈。（论疾诊尺篇）腹鸣而满，四肢清冷泄泻，脉大，是逆证。像这样的，不超过十五日死亡。（全文见于诊生死。）腹部胀大，四肢清冷，形体脱失，泄泻严重，是逆证，像这样的，不到一时辰死亡。
【张仲景】六腑气绝于外的，手足寒冷，上气脚缩。五脏气绝于内的，利不禁，下严重的，手足麻木。下利，手足厥冷无脉的，灸之不温。如果脉不还，反微喘的预后不良。少阴负跗阳的为顺证。下利后脉绝，手足厥冷，偶尔脉还，手足温暖的预后良好；脉不还的预后不良。病人面色萎黄，干燥而不渴，胸中寒而利不止的预后不良。假如下利，寸口、关上、尺中都不见脉，然而尺中偶尔一小见脉，再举头见的，是肾气，如果见到损脉来为难治。
【朱震亨】下痢像鱼脑的，半死半生。下痢像尘腐色的预后不良。纯血的预后不良。下痢像屋漏水的预后不良。下痢像竹筒注水的不可治。五虚者不治。
五虚者，经书说：脉细、皮寒、气少、泄痢前后、饮食不入，这称为五虚。五虚者死。如果浆粥进入胃中，泄注停止，那么虚者活。我曾经治疗几个人，在下部则泄泻不止，在上部则吐痰不已的，都是死证，气脱无所管摄的缘故。如果用参术膏救治早的，十个能活两三个。
[From *Da*] Postpartum cough and reverse qi (coughing with upward rushing of Qi), if it persists for three days without stopping, the condition is critical and causes extreme suffering.
Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, 5 qian) Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice, 3 he)
Decoct the above ingredients together and take 2 he of the liquid. First, heat your hands over a fire, massage the back until it feels hot, and frequently apply the medicinal juice until exhausted. This is miraculous.
For postpartum cough and reverse qi, take one dried persimmon, chop it finely, add one cup of water, decoct to six-tenths, and sip it while warm.
[From *Chanbao*] A prescription for treating postpartum cough and reverse qi that persists for three to five days, causing extreme suffering. Decoct three or five spider nests (Ziwok) and drink them; the disease will heal.
[From *Da*] If belching and hiccups do not respond to medication, moxibustion on Qimen (LR14) will surely cure it.
[Li Dongyuan] Discusses: The manifestations of diarrhea and dysentery originating from the zang-fu organs are numerous, but generally they should be analyzed in terms of wind, dampness, and heat. From this, we know that cold patterns are few and heat patterns are many, because cold pathogens cannot remain in the body for long. Therefore, it is said that sudden diarrhea does not belong to pure Yin, and chronic diarrhea does not belong to pure Yang. It is stated: In spring, one should relax the body; when the body is relaxed, the Liver Wood Qi flourishes. If one remains still and rigid instead, it is like executing the commands of autumn, where Metal controls Wood, causing Wind Qi to hide internally. By the Summer Solstice, Fire is prosperous and Metal recedes, leaving only Fire and Wood flourishing while Spleen Earth is damaged. Mildly, this leads to undigested food diarrhea (Sunxie), with fever and a洪 (surging) pulse, where food cannot be transformed; severely, it leads to dysentery with pus and blood, thick and sticky stool, and tenesmus (Lijihouzhang). Thus, it is said: All diarrhea with thick and sticky stools belongs to Fire. The Classics state: When urine and stool both contain pus and blood, it indicates that Qi moves and Blood stops; it is appropriate to purge with Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction), which is a heavy formula. Huangqin Shaoyao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction) is a light formula. This illustrates "purging the son when excess," where Liver Wood becomes deficient, allowing Spleen Earth to become solid. Hence, the Classics say: Injury by Wind in Spring leads to Sunxie in Summer. This violates the Qi of the four seasons and is self-inflicted by humans. (This section refers to Heat Diarrhea, also known as Zhixia/Dysentery.) There is Water Diarrhea caused by Dampness invading the Taiyin Spleel channel, characterized by deficiency-type slippery diarrhea, slight fullness, heaviness of the body, and loss of taste for food. In Spring, Yihuang San (Benefit Yellow Powder) is suitable for tonification; in Summer, purging methods are suitable. The method states: Suitable for tonifying, purging, harmonizing, or astringing. Harmonize with Shaoyao Tang; astringe with Hezi Tang (Chebula Decoction). If prolonged, prevent transformation into pus and blood; this is the transmission of Spleen channel disease to the Kidney channel, called "Thief Evil" (Zeixie), making it difficult to cure. If there is purgation followed by diarrhea, it is called "Minor Evil," so it is easy to stabilize. These are all cases of Spleen Earth affected by Dampness, an action of Heaven, which even sages cannot escape. Mouth tastes flavors, nose smells Qi; Qi enters through the nose, accumulates in the Spleen, and forms Water Diarrhea. (This section refers to Damp Diarrhea, also known as Xiexie/Loose Stools.) There is movement of the Jueyin channel leading to persistent dysentery, with a deep and slow pulse, cold extremities, and pus and blood in nasal discharge and saliva; this condition is difficult to treat and is suitable for Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) or Xiao Xuming Tang (Small Continuation of Life Decoction) to induce sweating. The method says: Because exterior pathogens are contracted inward, dispersing them will lead to self-healing. (This section refers to Wind Diarrhea, also known as Jiuxie/Chronic Diarrhea.) There is sudden silent diarrhea, cold body, spontaneous sweating, clear and profuse urination, involuntary defecation, shortness of breath, weak pulse, and vomiting; urgently use heavy warming medicines, such as Jiangshui San (Fermented Grain Water Powder). (This section refers to Cold Diarrhea, also known as Baoxie/Sudden Diarrhea.) Thus, the method states: For tenesmus, use purging; for abdominal pain, use harmonizing; for heaviness, use dampness-draining; for wiry pulse, expel wind; for thick sticky pus and blood, use heavy drugs to exhaust the pathogen; for cold body and sweating, use toxic drugs to warm; for contracted wind pathogens, use diaphoresis to cure; for loose stools classified as dysentery, use warming. It also says: For pathogens in the exterior, use emission; in the interior, use purging; in the upper, use emesis; in the lower, use exhaustion/astringency; for surface heat, use internal clearing; for obstructed urination, use separation and draining. It also says: For excess conditions, use harmonizing; for departing Qi, use support; for excessive pathogens, use stopping. Military strategy says: Avoid their sharp arrival, strike their lazy return; this is what is meant. Whenever diarrhea occurs with aversion to cold, it is Taiyin transmitting to Shaoyin, representing Earth overcoming Water; use Chushi Baizhu (Dampness-Removing Atractylodes) and Fuling (Poria) to calm the Spleen; Shaoyao (Peony), Guipi (Cinnamon Bark), and Huanglian (Coptis) to break blood stasis. If Fire evil cannot overcome Water, and Taiyin fails to transmit to Shaoyin but instead aids Fire, ascending to the Lung channel causing dysentery, white pus will inevitably appear. Add Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Shaoyao. Regarding tenesmus, if the pulse is large, surging, and solid, it is an interior excess pattern. Severe pain indicates physical obstruction; purging is suitable. If the pulse is floating and large, do not purge. Although there is tenesmus, if the pulse is deep, fine, and weak, it is Cold evil inside with scattered Qi; warming and nourishing will bring stability. Tenesmus with blockage is due to lack of circulation in Large Intestine Qi; add Binglang (Areca Seed) and Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) to circulate Qi. If limbs are lethargic, urine is scanty or obstructed, bowels slide, feeling heavy and tired, and appetite decreases, regulate the Stomach and drain dampness using Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Shaoyao, and Fuling decocted in water. Baizhu removes Spleen/Stomach dampness; Shaoyao removes Stomach damp-heat; for limb fatigue, Fuling unblocks water passages to move dampness. If fever and aversion to cold occur without abdominal pain, add Huangqin (Scutellaria) as the main herb. If pus/blood has not appeared yet but there is aversion to cold, Taiyin is about to transmit to Shaoyin; add Huanglian as the main herb, assisted by Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). If abdominal pain is severe, add Danggui and double Shaoyao. If blood appears, add Huanglian as the main herb, assisted by Guizhi and Danggui. If irritability occurs, or white pus precedes blood, or fever/aversion to cold exists, only Huanglian can stop upper bleeding. If aversion to cold with deep pulse, blood precedes stool, only Diyü (Sanguisorba Root) can remove lower bleeding. If aversion to cold with deep pulse, or lower back pain, or umbilical pain, only Huangqin can remove middle bleeding. If pus and blood are mixed but the pulse is floating and large, strictly avoid purging with Dahuang; purging will cause death because Qi collapses downward and Yang has no anchor. For Yin-Yang disharmony, only use methods to separate Yin and Yang. It also says: Sudden diarrhea is not Yin; chronic diarrhea is not Yang. Heat patterns have rapid pulses, restlessness, loud voice, sudden violent diarrhea; this is Yang. Cold patterns have deep/fine pulses, bodily fatigue. With faint breathing, Jiangfu Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction) is primary. With heavy body unable to move, Shufu Tang (Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction) is primary. Thirst with drinking indicates heat above the diaphragm; excessive water enters from chest/diaphragm to Stomach. The Stomach originally has no heat, but cannot withstand the water, so water attacks the Stomach, causing food/water to rush down. This condition requires moxibustion on Dazhui (GV14) for 3-5 cones for immediate cure. This is Du Mai (Governor Vessel) diarrhea. Medicines such as Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed), Leiwan (Vermifuge), Baizhu, and Fuling can be used; Wuling San (Five Ingredient Powder with Poria) is also acceptable. Another type of cold diarrhea presents with abdominal fullness and diarrhea, or yaotang (duck-like loose stools), which is also cold diarrhea. Yaotang refers to stool resembling duck droppings—watery stool with small formed fecal particles. Use Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome), Fuzi (Aconite Lateralis Preparata), and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). Another method: Diarrhea has deficiency/excess and cold/heat. Deficiency lacks strength, unable to lift clothes, stool passes before defecation effort, indicating inability to secure. Excess involves frequent trips to toilet without passage, commonly called "empty straining." Tenesmus follows previous methods with adjustments, primarily Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction). Taiyin disease with heat-carrying dysentery uses Liangge San (Cooling Chest Powder) [Note: Text says Taiyang, context implies heat-dysentery]. (Exterior syndrome mistakenly purged leads to persistent dysentery, called heat-carrying dysentery). Yangming disease with fixed masses uses Dachengqi Tang. Taiyin dampness-sufficiency moist diarrhea cannot be purged but warmed; Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is primary. Shaoyin disease with hidden wind stagnation prohibits astringents initially but allows sealing; Chishizhi Wan (Red Stone Lipstick Pill) and Ganjiang Tang are primary. Jueyin wind-diarrhea is treated via wind; Xiaoxuming Tang and Xiaofeng Tang are primary. Shaoyang wind qi moving spontaneously uses Da Chaihu Tang.
[From *Bao*] Five types of diarrhea in Shanghan are divided into three parts: first sudden, then moderate, finally chronic.
This theory is in *Nanjing·Chapter 57*, containing fifteen methods within three sections. Initial treatment uses sudden-diarrhea herbs; mid-stage uses targeted herbs for accurate treatment; final stage treats chronic diarrhea, following Zhang Zhongjing's Jueyin channel methods.
[Li Gao] When Stomach Qi is peaceful, food entering the Stomach sends essence to the Spleen, which returns it up to the Lung, circulating through vessels to nourish Ying and Wei. If diet is injured or daily routine irregular, damaging Stomach Qi, the ascending clear Qi descends instead, forming Sunxie. Over time, Taiyin transmits to Shaoyin forming Changpi (Intestinal Dysentery). If injured by cold/frozen drinks/food, causing abdominal fullness transforming into Sunxie, use warm/hot agents to digest. If injured by damp-heat foods forming pus/blood, use bitter/cold agents to clear internally. For sinking wind pathogens, raise them. For internal dampness excess, separate and drain. For tenesmus, purge. For heaviness, regulate. For abdominal pain, harmonize. For dongxie (cavity diarrhea) with bowel sounds, weakness, unable to lift clothes, fine/weak pulse, warm and consolidate. For thick sticky pus/blood, frequent toilet visits without passage, surging/strong pulse, purge and cool. Generally, seek the cause, observe which Qi is excessive, use counteracting drugs to balance, follow favorable conditions, aiming for equilibrium; this is the general principle. All chronic or sudden diarrhea/dysentery involve Taiyin pathology; do not depart from Gancao (Licorice) and Shaoyao. If not affected by dampness, no dysentery occurs, hence Baizhu is necessary. Thus, sages established laws: For seasonal dysentery, based on Shaoyao/Baizhu, add Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia) in Spring; Huangqin in Summer; Houpo (Magnolia Bark) in Autumn; Guizhi/Fuzi in Winter. Further examine exterior cold/heat signs: for tenesmus, add Dahuang; for fatigue, use Baizhu; for spontaneous sweating/cold limbs/micro breath, add Guizhi/Fuzi to warm; for tenesmus/thick pus/blood, even in deep winter, add Dahuang to warm formulas.
[From *Nanjing*] There is Weixie (Stomach Diarrhea), Pixie (Spleen Diarrhea), Dachangxie (Large Intestine Diarrhea), Xiaochangxie (Small Intestine Diarrhea), and Dajiaxie (Great Mass Diarrhea), named Houzhong (Tenesmus). Weixie: undigested food, yellow color (Sunxie. *Baoming Ji* says: Purge with Chengqi Tang). Pixie: abdominal fullness, pouring diarrhea, vomiting after eating (*Baoming Ji*: Jianzhong Tang, Lizhong Tang). Dachangxie: urgency after eating, white stool, loud bowel sounds and cutting pain (*Baoming Ji*: Ganjiang Fuzi Tang). Xiaochangxie: urine and stool with pus/blood, lower abdominal pain (*Baoming Ji*: Chengqi Tang). Dajiaxie: tenesmus, frequent toilet without passage, urethral pain (*Baoming Ji*: Weixiao Dachang symptoms use Qingliang Yin Zi; Jueyin urethral pain add Gancao; Shaoyin tenesmus add Dahuang).
These are methods for treating Five Diarrheas.
[Zhu Zhenheng] Symptoms of Xiexie (Diarrhea): food/water may or may not digest, no straining felt, only fatigue. Zhixia (Dysentery) is different: pus or blood, mixed pus/blood, intestinal mucus, no residue, or mixed residue. Regardless of pain presence, all feature tenesmus, oppressive and annoying.
[Zhang Zhongjing] Large Intestine cold causes many loose stools; heat causes intestinal mucus.
[From *Ling Shu*] Cold in intestines causes bowel sounds and Sunxie. Heat in intestines discharges yellow gruel. (Shichuan Chapter)
[Zhang Zhongjing] Diarrhea with weak/rapid pulse indicates self-resolution; fever alone is not fatal. Diarrhea with mild fever/thirst and weak pulse also resolves spontaneously. Diarrhea with rapid/thirsty pulse resolves; if not, pus/blood will appear due to heat. Diarrhea with rapid pulse, mild fever/sweat resolves; if pulse is tight, unresolved. Diarrhea with wiry pulse, fever/sweat resolves. Diarrhea with deep/slow pulse, facial redness, mild fever, clear grain diarrhea leads to depression/sweating resolution; patient likely has mild cold limbs. Reason: Face shows floating Yang, lower deficiency.
[From *Su Wen*] Empty Stomach pulse causes diarrhea. (Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun)
[From *Mai Jing*] Slippery pulse feeling empty upon pressure indicates dysentery. Very small Lung pulse causes diarrhea. (Full text in Treating Deficiency/Excess. Classics: Small pulse means Qi/Blood deficiency.) Very small Kidney pulse causes Dongxie (Cavity Diarrhea). (Small pulse means Qi/Blood scarcity. Kidney governs closure; now Qi/Blood scarce, cannot close, hence diarrhea.)
[From *Su Wen*] Cold Chi skin and fine pulse is called Houxie (Late Diarrhea). (Ping Ren Qi Xiang Lun) Cold Chi skin and small pulse indicates diarrhea with little Qi. (Full text in Evaluating Deficiency/Excess.)
[Zhang Zhongjing] Diarrhea with deep/wiry pulse indicates heaviness below. Diarrhea with floating/rapid Cun Kou pulse and obstructed Chi pulse indicates pus/blood discharge. Lin disease with abdominal distension/diarrhea should have fine/weak/obstructed pulse; if tight/large/slipping, death ensues.
[From *Mai Jing*] Diarrhea with slow/pulsating small knot pulse lives; floating/large/rapid pulse dies.
[From *Su Wen*] Diarrhea with large pulse is hard to treat. (Yu Ji Zhen Cang Lun) Diarrhea with surging pulse is adverse. (Full text in Diagnosing Death/Life.)
[Zhang Zhongjing] Diarrhea with large pulse indicates non-stop. Diarrhea >10 times/day with strong pulse indicates death.
[From *Ling Shu*] Red瓣 Sunxie with small pulse, cold limbs is hard to cure. Sunxie with small pulse, warm limbs cures easily. (Lun Ji Zhen Chi Pian) Bowel sounds/fullness, cold limbs/diarrhea, large pulse is adverse; death within 15 days. Abdominal distension, cold extremities, emaciation, severe diarrhea is adverse; death within one shichen.
[Zhang Zhongjing] Six Fu organs Qi failure externally: cold limbs, upward Qi, curled legs. Five Zang organs Qi failure internally: uncontrollable diarrhea, severe cases numb limbs. Diarrhea with cold limbs/no pulse, moxa doesn't warm. If pulse doesn't return and panting occurs, death. Shaoyin negative Fu Yang is smooth. Post-diarrhea pulse absence, cold limbs, occasional pulse return/warm limbs lives; no return dies. Patient sallow, dry/no thirst, cold chest/continuous diarrhea dies. If diarrhea, Cun/Guan/Chi pulses absent, but Chi occasionally shows small pulse rising twice, it is Kidney Qi; if damaged pulse appears, hard to treat.
[Zhu Zhenheng] Dysentery like fish brain: half dead half alive. Like dust/rotten color: death. Pure blood: death. Like leaking roof: death. Like bamboo tube pouring: incurable. Wu Xu (Five Deficiencies) untreatable.
Wu Xu: Classics say fine pulse, cold skin, little Qi, diarrhea/urine issues, no food intake. This is Wu Xu; death. If gruel enters stomach and diarrhea stops, deficiency lives. I treated several cases with lower diarrhea and upper phlegm vomiting; all died due to Qi collapse/uncontrolled. Early use of Shen Zhu Gao (Ginseng and Atractylodes Paste) saves 2-3 out of 10.