治温病,太阳未解,渐入阳明。其人胃阴素亏,阳明府证未实,已燥渴多饮,饮水过多,不能运化,遂成
滑泻,而燥渴益甚。或喘,或自汗,或小便秘。温疹中多有类此证者,尤属危险之候,用此汤亦宜。
其方即宣解汤加生山药一两,甘草改用三钱。
此乃胃府与膀胱同热,又兼虚热之证也。滑石性近石膏,能清胃府之热,淡渗利窍,能清膀胱之热,同甘
草生天一之水,又能清阴虚之热,一药而三善备,故以之为君。而重用山药之大滋真阴,大固元气者,以为之
佐使。且山药生用,则汁浆稠粘,同甘草之甘缓者,能逗留滑石于胃中,使之由胃输脾,由脾达肺,水精四布。
循三焦而下通膀胱,则烦热除,小便利,而滑泻止矣。又兼用连翘、蝉蜕之善达表者,以解未罢之太阳,使膀
胱蓄热,不为外感所束,则热更易于消散。且蝉之性,饮而不食,有小便无大便,故其蜕,又能利小便,而止
大便也。愚自临证以来,遇此等证,不知凡几。医者率多束手,而投以此汤,无不愈者。若用于温疹兼此证者,
尤为妥善,以连翘、蝉蜕,实又表散
温疹之妙药也。
一媪,年近七旬,素患漫肿。为调治月余,肿虽就愈,而身体未复。忽于季春得温病,上焦烦热,病家自
剖鲜地骨皮,煮汁饮之稍愈,又饮数次,遂滑泻不止,而烦热益甚。其脉浮滑而数,重诊无力。病家因病者年
高,又素有疾病,加以上焦烦热,下焦滑泻,惴惴惟恐不愈,而愚毅然以为可治。投以滋阴宣解汤,一剂泻止,
烦热亦觉轻。继用拙拟白虎加人参以山药代粳米汤,煎汁一大碗,一次只温饮一大口,防其再滑泻也。尽剂而愈。
一室女,感冒风热,遍身瘾疹,烦渴滑泻,又兼喘促。其脉浮数无力。愚踌躇再四,亦投以滋阴宣解汤,
两剂诸病皆愈。
按∶服滋阴宣解汤,皆不能出大汗,且不宜出大汗,为其阴分虚也。间有不出汗者,病亦可愈。
治疗温病,太阳经证尚未解除,病邪逐渐传入阳明经。患者胃中阴液素来亏虚,阳明腑实证尚未形成,但已经出现口干燥渴、大量饮水的症状。由于饮水过多,脾胃无法运化水湿,从而导致腹泻滑脱不止,而口干燥渴的症状反而更加严重。或者伴有气喘、自汗,或者小便不通畅。在温疹(温热性质的皮疹)的病症中,有很多类似这样的证候,尤其属于危险的征象,使用此方也是适宜的。
这是胃腑与膀胱同时有热,又兼有阴虚内热的证候。滑石的药性接近石膏,能够清泄胃腑的热邪;其味淡且能渗利窍道,能够清泄膀胱的热邪;它与甘草配合,能滋生“天一之水”(指肾阴/真阴),又能清泄阴虚产生的虚热。一味药具备这三种功效,所以将其作为君药。同时重用山药,因其具有大补真阴、大固元气的功效,作为佐使药。而且山药生用时,其汁液浓稠粘腻,配合甘草的甘缓之性,能使滑石在胃中停留时间延长,从而使其由胃输送到脾,由脾达于肺,使水谷精微四布全身。随后循三焦向下通达膀胱,这样烦热得以消除,小便通畅,腹泻也就停止了。另外兼用连翘、蝉蜕善于透达肌表的特性,以解除尚未罢休的太阳表邪,使膀胱蓄积的热邪不被外感束缚,那么热邪就更易于消散。况且蝉的性质是只喝水不吃食物,只有小便没有大便,所以蝉蜕也能通利小便,止住大便。我自临诊以来,遇到这类证候,不知有多少次。医生们大多束手无策,而投以此方,没有不痊愈的。如果用于温疹兼有此证的患者,尤为妥当,因为连翘、蝉蜕确实是疏散温疹的妙药。
一位老妇人,年龄近七十岁,平时患有漫肿(皮肤肌肉间无明显头绪的肿胀)。经过调治一个多月,肿胀虽然痊愈,但身体尚未恢复。忽然在暮春时节患上温病,上焦烦热,家属自行剖开鲜地黄和地骨皮,煮汁给她饮用,症状稍有好转,又喝了几次,结果导致腹泻滑脱不止,而烦热更加严重。她的脉象浮滑而数,重按无力。家属因为患者年事已高,又素有疾病,加上上焦烦热、下焦滑泻,心中惴惴不安,唯恐病情无法治愈,而我却毅然认为可以治愈。投以滋阴宣解汤,一剂后腹泻停止,烦热也觉得减轻。接着使用我拟定的白虎加人参汤(以山药代替粳米),煎取一大碗药汁,每次只温饮一大口,以防再次发生滑泻。服完全部药液后痊愈。
一位未婚女子,感冒风热,遍身发出瘾疹(风团样皮疹),烦渴、腹泻滑脱,又兼有气喘急促。她的脉象浮数而无力。我犹豫再三,最终也投以滋阴宣解汤,两剂药后所有病症皆愈。
To treat warm diseases (Wenbing, febrile diseases caused by warm pathogenic factors), when the Taiyang syndrome has not yet resolved and gradually enters the Yangming stage. The patient's stomach Yin is inherently deficient, the Yangming fu-organ excess syndrome has not solidified, but dry thirst with excessive drinking has already occurred. Due to excessive water intake, the fluids cannot be transformed and transported, leading to slippery diarrhea, while the dry thirst becomes even more severe. Alternatively, there may be panting, spontaneous sweating, or difficulty in urination. In warm rashes (warm-type skin eruptions), many cases present with similar syndromes, which are particularly dangerous; using this decoction is also appropriate.
The formula is Xuanjie Tang (Ventilation and Resolution Decoction) with 1 liang of raw Dioscorea opposita rhizome (Shanyao) added, and the dosage of Glycyrrhiza uralensis root (Gancao, Licorice Root) changed to 3 qian.
This is a syndrome where both the Stomach Fu organ and the Bladder have heat, combined with deficiency heat. Talcum (Huashi) has properties close to Gypsum fibrosum (Shigao); it can clear heat from the Stomach Fu organ. Its bland taste and diuretic nature allow it to clear heat from the Bladder. Combined with Gancao, it generates "Tianyi Water" (referring to Kidney Yin/True Yin), thereby clearing deficiency heat generated by Yin deficiency. One herb possesses these three benefits, so it serves as the Sovereign drug. Meanwhile, a heavy dose of Shanyao is used for its ability to greatly nourish True Yin and firmly consolidate Yuan Qi (Original Qi), serving as the Assistant and Envoy drugs. Furthermore, when Shanyao is used raw, its juice is thick and sticky. Combined with the sweet and moderating nature of Gancao, it retains Huashi in the Stomach, allowing it to be transmitted from the Stomach to the Spleen, and from the Spleen to the Lung, distributing fluid essences throughout the body. It then follows the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) downward to communicate with the Bladder. Consequently, vexation and heat are eliminated, urination becomes smooth, and slippery diarrhea stops. Additionally, Chrysanthemi Flos (Lianqiao, Forsythia Fruit) and Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui, Cicada Slough), which are good at reaching the exterior, are used to resolve the unresolving Taiyang exterior syndrome. This prevents the accumulated heat in the Bladder from being constrained by external pathogens, making the heat easier to dissipate. Moreover, the cicada's nature is to drink but not eat, producing only urine and no feces; thus, Chantui can also promote urination and stop diarrhea. Since I began clinical practice, I have encountered such cases countless times. Most physicians were at a loss, but administering this decoction resulted in recovery without exception. If used for warm rashes accompanied by this syndrome, it is especially suitable, as Lianqiao and Chantui are indeed excellent herbs for dispersing warm rashes.
An elderly woman, nearly seventy years old, had previously suffered from diffuse swelling (Manzhong). After over a month of treatment, the swelling subsided, but her body had not recovered. Suddenly, in late spring, she contracted a warm disease, presenting with upper jiao vexation and heat. Her family boiled fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) and Cortex Lycii (Digupi, Bark of Wolfberry Root) in water for her to drink, which provided slight relief. After drinking it several times, she developed persistent slippery diarrhea, and the vexation and heat worsened. Her pulse was floating, slippery, and rapid, but weak upon deep pressure. The family, concerned about her advanced age, pre-existing conditions, upper jiao heat, and lower jiao diarrhea, feared she would not recover. However, I confidently asserted that she could be cured. I administered Ziyin Xuanjie Tang (Nourishing Yin Ventilation and Resolution Decoction). After one dose, the diarrhea stopped, and the vexation and heat felt lighter. Subsequently, I prescribed my own formulated Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng Root) with Shanyao replacing Jingmi (Rice Grain). A large bowl of decoction was prepared, and she was instructed to sip it warm, one mouthful at a time, to prevent recurrent diarrhea. Upon finishing the entire dose, she recovered.
A young unmarried woman contracted wind-heat, developing widespread urticaria (Yinzhen, wheals), vexation, thirst, slippery diarrhea, and panting. Her pulse was floating, rapid, and weak. After much hesitation, I ultimately administered Ziyin Xuanjie Tang. After two doses, all symptoms resolved.
Note: Patients taking Ziyin Xuanjie Tang typically do not sweat profusely, nor should they, due to their deficiency in the Yin aspect. Occasionally, patients may not sweat at all, yet the disease still resolves.