（东垣）
治中满寒胀寒疝，二便不通，四肢厥逆，食入反出，腹中寒，心下痞，下虚阴躁，奔腾
不收（原文曰∶或多食寒凉及脾胃久虚之人，胃中寒则胀满，或脏寒生满病，此汤主之。）
川乌 干姜 毕澄茄 生姜 黄连 人参 当归 泽泻 青皮 麻黄 柴胡（二钱） 吴
茱萸 草蔻仁 浓朴 黄 黄柏（五分） 益智仁 木香 半夏 茯苓 升麻（三分。热
服。）
此足阳明、太阴药也。川乌、二姜、吴茱、澄茄、益智、草蔻除湿开郁，暖胃温肾以祛
其寒
其中
之热，又热因寒用也（李东垣曰∶中满治法，当开鬼门、洁净府。开鬼门者，发汗也；洁净
府者，利小便也。中满者，泻之于内，谓脾胃有病，令上下分消其湿，下焦如渎，气血自然
分化
治湿热内攻，心腹胀满，小便不利，大便滑泻；及水肿等证（小水并入大肠，故小便不
利
滑石（六钱） 甘草（一钱） 赤茯苓（一钱） 猪苓 泽泻 白术（土炒） 桂（五
分） 陈皮（钱半） 木香 槟榔（三分。）加姜煎。每服五钱。
此足太阳药也。赤茯、猪苓、泽泻泻火行水，白术补脾，肉桂化气，此五苓散也；滑石
清热
品，
（仲景）
治伤寒阳明病，但头汗出，腹满口渴，二便不利，湿热发黄，脉沉实者（经曰∶阳明病
发
必发
但头
内
汗
濡泄
便溏
茵陈（六两） 大黄（二两，酒浸） 栀子（十四枚，炒。）
此足阳明药也。成无己曰∶小热凉以和之，大热寒以彻之。发黄者，湿热甚也，非大寒
不能彻其热，故以茵陈为君（茵陈发汗利水，以泄太阴阳明之湿热，故为治黄主药），栀子
为臣，大黄为佐，分泄前后，则腹得利而解矣茵陈、栀子能导湿热由小便出，大黄能导湿热
由大便出
本方大黄易黄连，名茵陈三物汤∶治同。本方加浓朴、枳实、黄芩、甘草，入生姜、灯
草煎，名茵陈将军汤（节庵∶）治同。本方去栀子、大黄，加附子、干姜，治寒湿阴黄（前
证为阳黄，如身黄而色暗者为阴黄，宜此汤。大抵治以茵陈为主，各随寒热用药。诸疸，小
便黄赤不利为里实，宜利小便，或下之；无汗为表实，宜汗之，或吐之；或小便清，是无热
也，仲景云∶发黄小便自利，当与虚劳门小建中汤；自利腹满而喘，不可除热，而除之必哕，
宜小半夏汤主之。王海藏曰∶内感伤寒，劳役形体，饮食失节，中州变寒，病生黄；非外感
而得，只
（李东垣）
治疗中焦胀满、寒性腹胀、寒疝，大小便不通，四肢厥冷，进食后反吐，腹中寒冷，心下痞塞，下元虚衰而阴分躁动，气机奔腾不收。（原文说：或者是因为多吃寒凉食物以及脾胃长期虚弱的人，胃中寒冷就会胀满，或者因为脏腑寒冷产生胀满病，此汤主治。）
川乌、干姜、毕澄茄、生姜、黄连、人参、当归、泽泻、青皮、麻黄、柴胡（各二钱）、吴茱萸、草蔻仁、厚朴、黄芪、黄柏（各五分）、益智仁、木香、半夏、茯苓、升麻（三分。热服）。
这是足阳明、足太阴经的药物。川乌、两种姜（干姜、生姜）、吴茱萸、毕澄茄、益智仁、草蔻仁能除湿开郁，暖胃温肾以祛除其中的寒邪，其中夹杂的热邪，又采用“热因寒用”的方法。（李东垣说：治疗中满的方法，应当开鬼门、洁净府。开鬼门，就是发汗；洁净府，就是利小便。中满的病，要从内部泻除，意思是脾胃有病，让湿气从上下的途径分消，下焦像沟渠一样通畅，气血自然分化。）
治疗湿热内攻，心腹胀满，小便不利，大便滑泄；以及水肿等证候（小便混入大肠，所以小便不利，大便滑泄）。
滑石（六钱）、甘草（一钱）、赤茯苓（一钱）、猪苓、泽泻、白术（土炒）、桂枝（五分）、陈皮（一钱半）、木香、槟榔（三分）。加生姜煎服。每服五钱。
这是足太阳经的药物。赤茯苓、猪苓、泽泻泻火行水，白术补脾，肉桂化气，这是五苓散；滑石是清热之品。
（张仲景）
治疗伤寒阳明病，仅头部出汗，腹部胀满口渴，大小便不利，湿热发黄，脉象沉实的证候。（经典说：阳明病发热，必然出汗，但只有头部出汗，身体无汗，湿热内蕴……）
茵陈（六两）、大黄（二两，酒浸）、栀子（十四枚，炒）。
这是足阳明经的药物。成无己说：小热用凉药调和，大热用寒药清除。发黄的病，是湿热很盛，不是大寒之药不能清除其热，所以用茵陈作为君药（茵陈能发汗利水，以泄太阴、阳明的湿热，所以是治疗黄疸的主药），栀子为臣药，大黄为佐药，分别从前阴和后阴排泄，则腹部得利而病解。茵陈、栀子能引导湿热从小便排出，大黄能引导湿热从大便排出。
本方将大黄换成黄连，名为茵陈三物汤：主治相同。本方加入厚朴、枳实、黄芩、甘草，加生姜、灯心草煎服，名为茵陈将军汤（节庵说）：主治相同。本方去掉栀子、大黄，加入附子、干姜，治疗寒湿引起的阴黄（前一种证候为阳黄，如身体发黄且颜色晦暗的为阴黄，适宜用此汤。大致治疗以茵陈为主，根据寒热不同选用药物。各种黄疸，小便黄赤不利属于里实证，适宜利小便，或攻下；无汗属于表实证，适宜发汗，或催吐；如果小便清长，说明没有热邪，张仲景说：发黄而小便自利的，应当给予虚劳门的小建中汤；自利且腹部胀满气喘的，不可清热，若清热必致呃逆，适宜用小半夏汤主治。王海藏说：内感伤寒，劳累形体，饮食失节，中焦变寒，病生黄疸；非外感所得，只……
(Li Dongyuan)
Treats middle jiao fullness, cold distension, cold hernia, obstruction of both urination and defecation, cold limbs (Jue Ni), regurgitation after eating, cold in the abdomen, epigastric stuffiness (Xin Xia Pi), deficiency at the lower origin with yin restlessness, and rushing qi that cannot be restrained. (The original text states: This occurs in those who consume excessive cold and cool substances or have long-standing spleen and stomach deficiency. Cold in the stomach leads to distension; cold in the zang organs leads to fullness diseases. This decoction is indicated.)
Chuanwu (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Bichengqie (Fructus Tetradii), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) (each 2 qian); Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae), Cao Kou Ren (Semen Karyae Arecae Condimentum), Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis), Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri) (each 5 fen); Yizhiren (Semen Alpiniae Oxyphyllae), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae), Fuling (Poria), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) (3 fen). Take warm.
These are herbs for the Foot-Yangming and Foot-Taiyin meridians. Chuanwu, the two types of ginger (Ganjiang, Shengjiang), Wuzhuyu, Bichengqie, Yizhiren, and Cao Kou Ren dispel dampness and open stagnation, warm the stomach and kidney to eliminate cold within. The heat contained within is treated by "using heat for cold" methods. (Li Dongyuan said: The treatment for middle jiao fullness should involve opening the ghost gate (Kai Gui Men) and purifying the bladder house (Jie Jing Fu). Opening the ghost gate refers to inducing sweating; purifying the bladder house refers to promoting urination. For middle jiao fullness, one must drain from within, meaning when the spleen and stomach are diseased, dampness should be dispersed from above and below. The lower jiao is like a ditch, allowing qi and blood to differentiate naturally.)
Treats internal attack by damp-heat, abdominal distension and fullness, difficult urination, loose diarrhea; as well as edema and other syndromes (urine mixes into the large intestine, hence difficult urination and loose diarrhea).
Huashi (Talcum), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (1 qian), Chi Fuling (Poria cum Rhizomo Polypori), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, stir-fried with soil), Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) (5 fen), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (1.5 qian), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Binglang (Semen Arecae) (3 fen). Decoct with fresh ginger. Each dose is 5 qian.
These are herbs for the Foot-Taiyang meridian. Chi Fuling, Zhuling, and Zexie drain fire and move water; Baizhu tonifies the spleen; Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi) transforms qi. This constitutes Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria); Huashi is a heat-clearing agent.
(Zhang Zhongjing)
Treats Yangming disease of Shang Han (Cold Damage), characterized by sweat only on the head, abdominal fullness, thirst, obstruction of urination and defecation, jaundice due to damp-heat, and a deep, solid pulse. (The classics state: In Yangming disease with fever, there must be sweating, but if only the head sweats...)
Yinchen (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae) (6 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, soaked in wine) (2 liang), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae) (14 pieces, stir-fried).
These are herbs for the Foot-Yangming meridian. Cheng Wuji said: Mild heat is harmonized with cool herbs; severe heat is thoroughly cleared with cold herbs. Jaundice indicates severe damp-heat, which cannot be cleared without potent cold herbs; thus, Yinchen is used as the Sovereign herb (Yinchen induces sweating and promotes urination to drain damp-heat from the Taiyin and Yangming, making it the primary herb for treating jaundice); Zhizi is the Minister herb; Dahuang is the Assistant herb. By draining through the anterior and posterior orifices respectively, the abdomen benefits and the disease resolves. Yinchen and Zhizi guide damp-heat out via urination; Dahuang guides damp-heat out via defecation.
If Dahuang in this formula is replaced by Huanglian, it is named Yinchen Sanwu Tang (Three-Ingredient Decoction with Yinchen): indications are the same. If Houpo, Zhishi, Huangqin, and Gancao are added to this formula, along with fresh ginger and Dengcao (Lampwick), it is named Yinchen Jiangjun Tang (Yinchen General Decoction) (Jie'an said): indications are the same. If Zhizi and Dahuang are removed from this formula and Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Ganjiang are added, it treats cold-damp Yin Jaundice (The previous syndrome is Yang Jaundice; if the body is yellow and the color is dull, it is Yin Jaundice, for which this decoction is suitable. Generally, treatment focuses on Yinchen, adjusting herbs according to cold or heat. For all types of jaundice, yellow and turbid urine with difficulty indicates interior excess, suitable for promoting urination or purgation; absence of sweating indicates exterior excess, suitable for diaphoresis or emesis; if urine is clear, there is no heat. Zhang Zhongjing stated: For jaundice with spontaneous free urination, Xiao Jianzhong Tang from the Deficiency Consumption chapter should be given; for spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal fullness and wheezing, heat-clearing is contraindicated, as it will cause hiccups; Xiao Banxia Tang is indicated. Wang Haicang said: Internal contraction of Shang Han, physical exhaustion, irregular diet leading to cold transformation in the middle jiao causes jaundice; not acquired from external pathogens, only...)