（《局方》）
治湿热下注，咽干口渴，少腹急满，小便不通；或淋痛尿血；或因热为肿（湿热下注，
少
车前子 木通 瞿麦 蓄 滑石 甘草梢 栀子（炒黑） 大黄。加灯草煎。一方加
木
此手足太阳、手少阳药也。木通、灯草清肺热而降心火，肺为气化之源，心为小肠之合
也；
利湿
滑石
水乃下行也（膀胱藏水，三焦出水，故治小便不利，刺灸法但取三焦穴，不取膀胱。朱丹溪
曰∶小便不通，有热、有湿、有气结于下，宜清、宜燥、宜升，有隔二、隔三之治。如不因
肺燥，但膀胱有热，则泻膀胱，此正治也；如因肺燥不能生水，则清金，此膈二；如因脾湿
不运而清不升，故肺不能生水，则当燥脾健胃，此膈三；车前子、茯苓清肺也；黄柏、黄芩
泻膀胱也，苍术、白术燥脾健胃也。又曰∶小便不通属气虚、血虚、实热、痰闭，皆宜吐之
以升其气，气升则水自降。气虚用参、术、升麻等先服后吐，或就参 药中调理吐之；血虚
用四物汤先服后吐，或就芎归汤探吐之；痰多二陈汤，先服后吐，或加香附、木通；实热当
利之，或八正散，盖大便动则小便自通矣。或问以吐法通小便其理安在，曰∶取其气化而已。
经谓∶三焦者，决渎之官，水道出焉；膀胱者，州都之官，津液藏焉，气化则能出矣。三焦
之气，一有不化，则不得如决渎而出矣，岂独下焦膀胱气塞而已哉。又曰∶譬如滴水之器，
上窍
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
治疗湿热下注，咽喉干燥口渴，小腹部拘急胀满，小便不通；或淋证疼痛尿血；或因热邪导致的肿胀。
药物组成：车前子、木通、瞿麦、萹蓄、滑石、甘草梢、栀子（炒黑）、大黄。煎服时加入灯心草。另一版本方剂中加入灯心草。
此方是手足太阳经、手少阳经的药物组合。木通、灯心草能清肺热而下降心火，肺为气化的源头，心与小肠相表里；
利湿方面：滑石……水自然向下运行（膀胱贮藏水液，三焦排出水液，所以治疗小便不利，刺灸法只取三焦穴，不取膀胱穴。朱丹溪说：“小便不通，有热、有湿、有气结于下部，宜用清法、燥法、升法，有隔二脏、隔三脏的治疗原则。如不是因为肺燥，仅是膀胱有热，则泻膀胱之火，这是正治法；如果是因为肺燥不能生水，则清金润肺，这是隔二之治；如果是因为脾湿不运导致清气不升，故肺不能生水，则应当燥脾健胃，这是隔三之治；车前子、茯苓清肺；黄柏、黄芩泻膀胱之火，苍术、白术燥脾健胃。”又说：“小便不通属于气虚、血虚、实热、痰闭，都适宜用吐法以提升其气，气升则水自降。气虚用人参、白术、升麻等先服用后催吐，或在参芪药中调理后催吐；血虚用四物汤先服用后催吐，或在芎归汤中探吐；痰多用二陈汤，先服用后催吐，或加香附、木通；实热当用利法，或用八正散，因为大便通畅则小便自然通利了。”有人问用吐法通利小便的道理何在？回答说：取其气化作用罢了。经文说：“三焦，是决渎之官，水道由此而出；膀胱，是州都之官，津液藏于此，气化则能排出。”三焦之气，一旦有不化之处，就不能像决渎那样排出了，岂止是下焦膀胱气塞而已呢。”又说：“譬如滴水之器，上窍……”
(From *Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*)
Treats damp-heat pouring downward, dryness of the throat and thirst, urgency and fullness in the lower abdomen, and obstruction of urination; or painful urinary dysfunction (Lin syndrome) with hematuria; or swelling caused by heat.
Ingredients: Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Qumai (Dianthi Herba), Pianxu (Polygoni Avicularis Herba), Huashi (Talcum), Gancao Shao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma cum Glycyrrhiza), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried until black), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). Decoct with Dengcao (Junci Medulla). Another version adds Dengcao.
This formula consists of herbs acting on the Hand-Taiyang, Foot-Taiyang, and Hand-Shaoyang meridians. Mutong and Dengcao clear Lung heat and descend Heart fire; the Lung is the source of Qi transformation, and the Heart is internally-externally related to the Small Intestine;
Regarding promoting diuresis: Huashi... water naturally flows downward (the Bladder stores water, and the Sanjiao drains water; therefore, when treating difficulty in urination, acupuncture and moxibustion methods select only Sanjiao points, not Bladder points. Zhu Danxi stated: "Obstruction of urination may be due to heat, dampness, or Qi stagnation in the lower jiao. Appropriate treatments include clearing, drying, and raising. There are treatments involving the second removed organ and the third removed organ. If it is not due to Lung dryness but merely Bladder heat, then purging the Bladder is the direct treatment; if it is due to Lung dryness failing to generate water, then clearing Metal (Lung) is the treatment of the second removed organ; if it is due to Spleen dampness failing to transport, causing clear Qi to fail to rise, thus preventing the Lung from generating water, then drying the Spleen and fortifying the Stomach is the treatment of the third removed organ; Cheqianzi and Fuling clear the Lung; Huangbai and Huangqin purge Bladder fire, Cangzhu and Baizhu dry the Spleen and fortify the Stomach." He also said: "Obstruction of urination attributed to Qi deficiency, Blood deficiency, excess heat, or phlegm closure should all be treated with emesis to raise the Qi. When Qi rises, water descends naturally. For Qi deficiency, administer Renshen, Baizhu, Shengma, etc., followed by emesis, or regulate within Ginseng formulas before inducing emesis; for Blood deficiency, administer Siwu Tang followed by emesis, or induce emesis within Xionggui Tang; for excessive phlegm, use Erchen Tang followed by emesis, or add Xiangfu and Mutong; for excess heat, promote drainage, or use Bazheng San, because once the bowels move, urination will naturally flow." Someone asked about the rationale behind using emesis to facilitate urination. The answer was: It relies on Qi transformation. The Classics state: "The Sanjiao is the official of irrigation, through which water passages emerge; the Bladder is the official of the capital, where fluids are stored, and they are excreted through Qi transformation." If the Qi of the Sanjiao fails to transform even slightly, it cannot flow out like an irrigated channel, let alone being merely a blockage of Qi in the lower Jiao Bladder." He further said: "For instance, consider a vessel for dripping water, the upper aperture..."