（五十枚，姜炒） 粳米（五十粒）
此手太阴药也。吴鹤皋曰∶肺非无为也。饮食入胃，游溢精气，上输于脾，脾气散精，
上归
医
之母；此治病必求其本也。或问此证何以辨之，曰肢体皆肿，小腹不急，初起便有喘满，此
其候也。
（《局方》）
治湿气在表，头痛头重；或腰脊重痛；或一身尽痛，微热昏倦（湿气在表，外伤于湿也。
湿之为邪，着而不移；着于太阳则头项腰脊痛，着于太阴则肩背痛，着于阴阳之经则一身尽
痛，
李东垣曰∶
通用之方。）
羌活 独活（一钱） 川芎 本 防风 甘草（炙，五分） 蔓荆子（三分。）如身
重，腰
此足太阳药也。经曰∶风能胜湿（如物之湿，风吹则干），羌、独、防、 、芎、蔓皆
风药也，湿气在表，六者辛温升散，又皆解表之药，使湿从汗出，则诸邪散矣（ 本专治太
阳寒湿，荆防善散太阳风湿，二活祛风胜湿、兼通关节，川芎能升厥阴清气、上治头痛，甘
草助诸药辛甘发散为阳，气味甘平，发中有补也）。若水湿在里，则当用行水渗泄之剂（喻
嘉言曰∶经曰∶湿土甚为热，表之则易，下之则难，故当变常法而为表散。吴鹤皋曰∶脾弱
湿伤者，二陈、平胃之类主之；湿盛濡泄者，五苓、六一之类主之；水肿发黄者，五皮、茵
陈之类主之。今湿流关节，非前药所宜矣。无窍不入，惟风为能，故凡关节之病，非风药不
能到也。《三因》用此汤加柴胡五分，治卧而多惊悸，多魇溲者，邪在少阳、厥阴也。如淋，
加泽泻五分。经曰∶肝肾之病同一治，此下焦风寒、三经合病，非风药行经不可也）。
本方除独活、蔓荆、川芎、甘草，加升麻、苍术，名羌活除湿汤∶治风湿相搏，一身尽
痛。本方除川芎，加黄 、当归、苍术、升麻，名升阳除湿汤∶治水疝肿大，阴汗不绝。再
加麦
（麦门冬五十枚，用姜炒制）粳米（五十粒）。
这是治疗手太阴肺经疾病的方剂。吴鹤皋说：肺并非无所作为。饮食进入胃中，游溢精气，向上输送到脾，脾气散布精微物质，向上回归于肺，以滋养肺脏；这就是治病必须探求根本的道理。有人问这个证候如何辨别？回答说：肢体都浮肿，小腹部不胀急，刚发病就有气喘和胸满，这就是它的征候。
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
治疗湿气在体表，导致头痛、头重；或者腰脊沉重疼痛；或者全身都疼痛，伴有轻微发热、昏沉疲倦（这是因为湿气在体表，外感湿邪所致。湿作为一种邪气，性质黏滞而固定不移；停留在太阳经则出现头项腰脊痛，停留在太阴经则出现肩背痛，停留在阴阳各条经络则全身都痛。李东垣说：这是通用之方。）
羌活、独活（各一钱）、川芎、藁本、防风、甘草（炙，五分）、蔓荆子（三分）。如果身体沉重，腰部……
这是治疗足太阳膀胱经疾病的方剂。医经说：风能胜湿（就像物体上的湿气，风吹就会变干），羌活、独活、防风、藁本、川芎、蔓荆子都是风药，湿气在体表，这六味药性味辛温升散，又都是解表的药物，使湿气随汗液排出，那么各种邪气就消散了（藁本专门治疗太阳寒湿，防风、蔓荆善于疏散太阳风湿，羌活和独活祛风胜湿并兼通关节，川芎能升发厥阴清气，上行治疗头痛，甘草辅助诸药，辛甘发散为阳，气味甘平，发汗中有补益作用）。如果水湿在体内，则应当使用行水渗泄的药剂（喻嘉言说：医经说：湿土过盛会变成热，通过表散容易治愈，通过攻下则难治，所以应当改变常规方法而采用表散法。吴鹤皋说：脾弱被湿邪伤害的，用二陈汤、平胃散之类为主治；湿盛导致濡泄的，用五苓散、六一散之类为主治；水肿发黄的，用五皮饮、茵陈蒿汤之类为主治。现在湿气流注关节，不是前面这些药所适宜的。没有孔窍不能进入，只有风药才能到达，所以凡是关节的疾病，不用风药就不能奏效。《三因极一病证方论》用此汤加柴胡五分，治疗睡觉时多惊悸、多梦魇遗尿的，是因为邪气在少阳、厥阴经。如果有淋证，加泽泻五分。医经说：肝肾的病可以同一治法，这是下焦风寒、三条经络合病，不用风药行经是不可行的）。
本方去掉独活、蔓荆子、川芎、甘草，加入升麻、苍术，名为羌活除湿汤：治疗风湿相搏，全身都痛。本方去掉川芎，加入黄芪、当归、苍术、升麻，名为升阳除湿汤：治疗水疝肿大，阴部出汗不止。再加麦……
(Fifty pieces of *Ophiopogonis Radix* (Maidong), stir-fried with ginger; Fifty grains of *Zizaniae Semen* (Jingmi).)
This is a formula for the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Wu Hegao stated: The Lung is not without function. When food and drink enter the Stomach, their essence floats and overflows, transporting upward to the Spleen. The Spleen scatters the essence, which returns upward to nourish the Lung; this is why treating disease requires seeking its root. One might ask how to differentiate this syndrome. The answer is: when all limbs are swollen, the lower abdomen is not distended or urgent, and wheezing and chest fullness appear from the onset, these are its signs.
(From *Ju Fang*)
Treats dampness in the exterior, causing headache and heaviness of the head; or heavy pain in the waist and spine; or pain throughout the entire body, accompanied by slight fever, drowsiness, and fatigue (Dampness in the exterior indicates external contraction of damp pathogen. Dampness as a pathogen is sticky and fixed; when lodged in the Taiyang meridian, it causes pain in the head, neck, waist, and spine; when lodged in the Taiyin meridian, it causes shoulder and back pain; when lodged in the Yin-Yang meridians, it causes pain throughout the body. Li Dongyuan said: This is a general-purpose formula.)
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) (1 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) (0.5 qian), Manjingzi (Viticis Semen) (0.3 qian). If the body feels heavy and the waist...
This is a formula for the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. The Classics state: Wind can overcome dampness (just as wind dries wet objects). Qianghuo, Duhuo, Fangfeng, Bencao, Chuanxiong, and Manjingzi are all wind-dispelling herbs. Since dampness is in the exterior, these six herbs possess acrid-warm, ascending, and dispersing properties, and are all exterior-resolving agents. They cause dampness to exit through sweat, thereby dissipating various pathogens (Bencao specifically treats Cold-Dampness in the Taiyang meridian; Fangfeng and Manjingzi excel at dispersing Wind-Dampness in the Taiyang meridian; Qianghuo and Duhuo dispel wind, overcome dampness, and unblock joints; Chuanxiong can ascend the clear Qi of the Jueyin meridian to treat headache upwards; Gancao assists the other herbs, where acrid and sweet disperse to generate Yang. Its flavor is sweet and neutral, providing tonification within dispersion). If water-dampness is in the interior, one should use diuretic and draining formulas (Yu Jiayan stated: The Classics say: When Damp-Earth becomes excessive heat, resolving via the exterior is easy, but purging via the interior is difficult. Therefore, one should deviate from standard methods and employ exterior resolution. Wu Hegao stated: For Spleen deficiency with damp injury, Er Chen Tang or Ping Wei San are indicated; for excessive dampness causing loose stools, Wu Ling San or Liu Yi San are indicated; for edema and jaundice, Wu Pi Yin or Yinchen Hao Tang are indicated. Now, since dampness flows into the joints, the aforementioned formulas are not suitable. No orifice is inaccessible; only wind herbs can reach there. Thus, for joint diseases, non-wind herbs cannot be effective. *San Yin Fang* uses this decoction plus 0.5 qian of Chaihu to treat restlessness, palpitations during sleep, nightmares, and enuresis, indicating pathogen in the Shaoyang and Jueyin meridians. If strangury is present, add 0.5 qian of Zexie. The Classics state: Diseases of the Liver and Kidney share the same treatment principle. This involves Cold-Dampness in the Lower Jiao and combined disease of three meridians; using wind herbs to traverse the meridians is indispensable.)
Removing Duhuo, Manjingzi, Chuanxiong, and Gancao from this formula, and adding Shengma and Cangzhu, creates Qianghuo Chu Shi Tang: Treats Wind-Dampness attacking each other, causing pain throughout the body. Removing Chuanxiong from this formula, and adding Huangqi, Danggui, Cangzhu, and Shengma, creates Sheng Yang Chu Shi Tang: Treats hydrocele swelling and continuous sweating in the genital region. Adding Mai...