宣
通 白前甘辛微温入肺下气治诸逆因感邪者 当归辛温入肺脾肝血分养血和血行血治气
血昏
补 黄 甘微温入肺脾三焦肾命门益气助三焦元阳 人参甘微苦温入肺补元气安精神生
液泻
泻 石膏辛甘大寒入胃肺三焦泻大热 知母苦寒入肺肾胃泻肾膀胱热 黄连苦寒入肺心
大肠
轻 桔梗苦辛微温入肺肾治咽喉头目口鼻病散热闭提气血补内漏 前胡辛甘微寒入肺三
焦脾
宣
通 及眉棱骨痛和气活血去风逐湿 天南星苦温有毒入脾肺治风痰坚积麻痹口噤诸病消
肿散
补 百合甘平入肺心补中保肺除浮肿 薯蓣甘温平入脾肺补气养心气 胡桃甘平温入肺
肾滋
泻 黄芩苦寒入肺大肠泻热 茅根甘寒入脾胃肺泻肺胃伏热止血 葶苈苦大寒入肺大肠
膀胱
轻 防风辛甘温入肝膀胱肺胃脾治上焦风邪散结 香薷辛微温入胃脾心肺散金郁治中暑
霍乱
宣
通 水苏辛微温入肺肝下气辟恶 兰草辛平入肺胃利水道除风调气和营 赤芍苦入肝肺
脾散
补 平入肺心膀胱脾和中益气除湿理脾生津润肺安心神秘精 蛤蚧咸平入肺肾治久嗽咯
血凝
泻 火除邪热解郁热散毒风治五淋并治血病
轻 入心肺胃行气达表通心利肺定喘消痰 甘菊花甘平入肺肝治诸风头目疾散游风补阴
气利
宣
通 寒入肺治喘满水肿利一切风水气泄肺热调中消痰开胃 款冬花辛甘温入肺主咳逆上
气
补
泻
轻 温入肺膀胱心大肠开毛孔腠理发汗 马兜铃苦辛寒入肺治肺热痰结上气 辛夷辛温
入肺胃膀胱治风头脑痛面肿引齿痛鼻渊鼻疮
宣
通 兼入肝脾散结气邪逆行瘀利满治喉痹 薏苡仁甘微寒入肺脾利湿泄水益脾 姜辛微
温入
补
泻
轻
宣
通 散结去风热消痰润肠 枳壳苦辛微酸寒入肺肝胃大肠泻气消痰滞宽胸治痢后重 檀
香辛
补
泻
轻
手
重 白石英甘温入肺大肠定咳逆肺
温入肺治咳逆上气结气 陈皮苦辛温入脾肺理气消痰和中 枇杷叶苦平入肺胃下气清热
解暑毒 滑
涩 矾石酸涩寒入肾肺肝能收阴
燥 丁香辛热入肺胃肾温脾胃虚
湿 露水甘平润泽入肺滋阴
宣剂：
通利类：白前，味辛甘，性微温，入肺经，能降气，治疗各种因感受邪气引起的上逆证。当归，味辛，性温，入肺、脾、肝三经的血分，能养血、和血、行血，治疗气血昏乱之证。
补益类：黄耆（注：原文“黄”通常指黄芪或黄芩，结合“益气助三焦元阳”及后续有黄芩条，此处依《十剂》原意及药性应为黄芪），味甘，性微温，入肺、脾、三焦、肾、命门经，能益气，辅助三焦的元阳。人参，味甘，微苦，性温，入肺经，能补元气，安定精神，生津液。
泻下类：石膏，味辛甘，性大寒，入胃、肺、三焦经，能泻大热。知母，味苦，性寒，入肺、肾、胃经，能泻肾与膀胱之热。黄连，味苦，性寒，入肺、心、大肠经。
轻扬类：桔梗，味苦辛，性微温，入肺、肾经，治疗咽喉、头目、口鼻疾病，能散热闭、提举气血、补益内漏。前胡，味辛甘，性微寒，入肺、三焦、脾经，能宣通眉棱骨疼痛，调和气血，祛风逐湿。
通利类：天南星，味苦，性温，有毒，入脾、肺经，治疗风痰、坚积、麻痹、口噤等各种病症，能消肿散结。
补益类：百合，味甘，性平，入肺、心经，能补中、保肺，消除浮肿。薯蓣（山药），味甘，性温平，入脾、肺经，能补气、养心气。胡桃，味甘，性平温，入肺、肾经，能滋润。
泻下类：黄芩，味苦，性寒，入肺、大肠经，能泻热。茅根（白茅根），味甘，性寒，入脾、胃、肺经，能泻肺胃伏热，止血。葶苈，味苦，性大寒，入肺、大肠、膀胱经。
轻扬类：防风，味辛甘，性温，入肝、膀胱、肺、胃、脾经，治疗上焦风邪，能散结。香薷，味辛，微温，入胃、脾、心、肺经，能发散金郁之气，治疗中暑、霍乱。
通利类：水苏，味辛，微温，入肺、肝经，能降气、辟除秽恶之气。兰草，味辛，性平，入肺、胃经，能利水道、除风、调和气血、调理营卫。赤芍，味苦，入肝、肺、脾经，能散结。
凝涩类：火麻仁（注：原文“火除邪热...”疑似排版错乱，结合上下文“凝”及常见药物，此处可能指具有收敛或特定功效的药物，但原文表述为“火除邪热解郁热散毒风治五淋并治血病”，此段文字在古籍整理中常对应“滑石”或类似清热利尿药，但根据“凝”字标题及后文“滑涩”，此处可能存在文本错位。依据原文直译）：清除邪热，解除郁热，散发毒风，治疗五种淋证并治疗血病。
轻扬类：（原文缺失主语，接上文“凝”后内容，推测为某药）入心、肺、胃经，能行气达表，通心利肺，定喘消痰。甘菊花，味甘，性平，入肺、肝经，治疗各种头部及眼部疾病，能疏散游风，补阴气。
利水类：（原文缺失主语，接上文“利”后内容，推测为某药）寒性，入肺经，治疗喘满、水肿，通利一切风水之气，泄肺热，调中消痰，开胃。款冬花，味辛甘，性温，入肺经，主治咳逆上气。
温补类：（原文缺失主语，接上文“温”后内容，推测为某药）入肺、膀胱、心、大肠经，能开毛孔腠理，发汗。马兜铃，味苦辛，性寒，入肺经，治疗肺热痰结、上气。辛夷，味辛，性温，入肺、胃、膀胱经，治疗风邪头痛、面肿、牵引齿痛、鼻渊、鼻疮。
通利类：兼入肝、脾经，能散结气邪，治疗气逆逆行、瘀滞、胀满，治疗喉痹。薏苡仁，味甘，微寒，入肺、脾经，能利湿泄水，益脾。姜，味辛，微温，入...（原文截断）。
散结类：（原文缺失主语，接上文“散”后内容）能散结，去除风热，消痰润肠。枳壳，味苦辛微酸，性寒，入肺、肝、胃、大肠经，能泻气，消痰滞，宽胸，治疗痢疾后的里急后重。檀香，味辛...（原文截断）。
补益类：白石英，味甘，性温，入肺、大肠经，能定咳逆。...（原文缺失主语）温入肺经，治疗咳逆上气、结气。陈皮，味苦辛，性温，入脾、肺经，能理气，消痰，和中。枇杷叶，味苦，性平，入肺、胃经，能下气，清热，解暑毒。
滑涩类：矾石，味酸涩，性寒，入肾、肺、肝经，能收敛阴气。丁香，味辛，性热，入肺、胃、肾经，能温脾胃虚寒。露水，味甘，性平，润泽，入肺经，能滋阴。
**Exerting Agents (Xuan Ji):**
**Unblocking Category:**
* **Baiqian** (*Caulis Periplocae Sepiae*), acrid, sweet, slightly warm, enters the Lung meridian; descends Qi and treats various rebellious conditions caused by pathogenic invasion.
* **Danggui** (*Radix Angelicae Sinensis*), acrid, warm, enters the Blood aspect of the Lung, Spleen, and Liver meridians; nourishes blood, harmonizes blood, and promotes blood circulation to treat disorders of chaotic Qi and blood.
**Tonifying Category:**
* **Huangqi** (*Radix Astragali Membranacei*), sweet, slightly warm, enters the Lung, Spleen, Sanjiao, Kidney, and Mingmen meridians; tonifies Qi and assists the primal Yang of the Sanjiao.
* **Renshen** (*Radix Ginseng*), sweet, slightly bitter, warm, enters the Lung meridian; tonifies primordial Qi, calms the spirit, and generates fluids.
**Purgative Category:**
* **Shigao** (*Gypsum Fibrosum*), acrid, sweet, very cold, enters the Stomach, Lung, and Sanjiao meridians; drains intense heat.
* **Zhimu** (*Rhizoma Anemarrhenae Asphodeloidis*), bitter, cold, enters the Lung, Kidney, and Stomach meridians; drains heat from the Kidney and Bladder.
* **Huanglian** (*Rhizoma Coptidis*), bitter, cold, enters the Lung, Heart, and Large Intestine meridians.
**Light/Ascending Category:**
* **Jiegeng** (*Radix Platycodonis*), bitter, acrid, slightly warm, enters the Lung and Kidney meridians; treats diseases of the throat, head, eyes, mouth, and nose; disperses heat and closes pores, lifts Qi and blood, and supplements internal leaks.
* **Qianhu** (*Radix Peucedani*), acrid, sweet, slightly cold, enters the Lung, Sanjiao, and Spleen meridians; relieves pain in the supraorbital ridge, harmonizes Qi and blood, expels wind, and drives out dampness.
**Unblocking Category:**
* **Tiannanxing** (*Rhizoma Arisaematis Cum Bile*), bitter, warm, toxic, enters the Spleen and Lung meridians; treats wind-phlegm, hard accumulations, numbness, lockjaw, and other diseases; reduces swelling and dissipates nodules.
**Tonifying Category:**
* **Baihe** (*Bulbus Lilii*), sweet, neutral, enters the Lung and Heart meridians; tonifies the middle, protects the Lung, and eliminates edema.
* **Shuyu** (*Rhizoma Dioscoreae Polystachyae*), sweet, warm-neutral, enters the Spleen and Lung meridians; tonifies Qi and nourishes Heart Qi.
* **Hetao** (*Semen Juglandis*), sweet, neutral-warm, enters the Lung and Kidney meridians; moistens.
**Purgative Category:**
* **Huangqin** (*Radix Scutellariae*), bitter, cold, enters the Lung and Large Intestine meridians; drains heat.
* **Maogen** (*Radix Imperatae Cylindricae*), sweet, cold, enters the Spleen, Stomach, and Lung meridians; drains latent heat from the Lung and Stomach and stops bleeding.
* **Tingli** (*Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae*), bitter, very cold, enters the Lung, Large Intestine, and Bladder meridians.
**Light/Ascending Category:**
* **Fangfeng** (*Radix Saposhnikoviae*), acrid, sweet, warm, enters the Liver, Bladder, Lung, Stomach, and Spleen meridians; treats Wind pathogens in the Upper Jiao and dissipates nodules.
* **Xiangru** (*Herba Elsholtziae*), acrid, slightly warm, enters the Stomach, Spleen, Heart, and Lung meridians; disperses Metal stagnation and treats heatstroke and cholera-like disorders.
**Unblocking Category:**
* **Shuisu** (*Herba Perillae Frutescentis*), acrid, slightly warm, enters the Lung and Liver meridians; descends Qi and repels foul odors.
* **Lancao** (*Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae*), acrid, neutral, enters the Lung and Stomach meridians; benefits water passages, dispels wind, harmonizes Qi, and regulates Ying (Nutritive) Qi.
* **Chishao** (*Radix Paeoniae Rubra*), bitter, enters the Liver, Lung, and Spleen meridians; dissipates nodules.
**Tonifying Category:**
* **Gejie** (*Phallus Gecko*), salty, neutral, enters the Lung and Kidney meridians; treats chronic cough and hemoptysis.
**Astringent/Coagulating Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Clears evil heat, resolves stagnant heat, dissipates toxic wind, treats five types of strangury, and treats blood disorders.
**Light/Ascending Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Enters the Heart, Lung, and Stomach meridians; moves Qi, reaches the exterior, unblocks the Heart, benefits the Lung, calms wheezing, and resolves phlegm.
* **Juhua** (*Flos Chrysanthemi Indici*), sweet, neutral, enters the Lung and Liver meridians; treats various head and eye diseases, disperses wandering wind, and tonifies Yin Qi.
**Diuretic Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Cold nature, enters the Lung meridian; treats wheezing, fullness, and edema; benefits all wind-water conditions, drains Lung heat, harmonizes the middle, resolves phlegm, and opens the stomach.
* **Kuandonghua** (*Flos Farfarae*), acrid, sweet, warm, enters the Lung meridian; primarily treats rebellious Qi and upward counterflow.
**Warming/Tonifying Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Enters the Lung, Bladder, Heart, and Large Intestine meridians; opens pores and interstices, induces sweating.
* **Madouling** (*Fructus Aristolochiae*), bitter, acrid, cold, enters the Lung meridian; treats Lung heat, phlegm accumulation, and rebellious Qi.
* **Xinyi** (*Flos Magnoliae Biondii*), acrid, warm, enters the Lung, Stomach, and Bladder meridians; treats Wind headache, facial swelling, toothache radiating from the face, rhinitis (Bi Yuan), and nasal sores.
**Unblocking Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Also enters the Liver and Spleen meridians; dissipates stagnant Qi and pathogens, treats rebellious Qi, retrograde flow, stasis, distension, and bi-syndrome of the throat.
* **Yiyiren** (*Semen Coicis*), sweet, slightly cold, enters the Lung and Spleen meridians; promotes dampness drainage and water discharge, benefits the Spleen.
* **Jiang** (*Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens*), acrid, slightly warm, enters... [text cut off].
**Nodule-Dissipating Category:**
* [Text fragment]: Dissipates nodules, removes Wind-heat, resolves phlegm, and moistens the intestines.
* **Zhiqiao** (*Fructus Aurantii Immaturus*), bitter, acrid, slightly sour, cold, enters the Lung, Liver, Stomach, and Large Intestine meridians; drains Qi, resolves phlegm stagnation, expands the chest, and treats tenesmus after dysentery.
* **Tanxiang** (*Santalum Album Lignum*), acrid... [text cut off].
**Tonifying Category:**
* **Baishiyong** (*Quartzum Roseum*), sweet, warm, enters the Lung and Large Intestine meridians; stabilizes rebellious Qi and cough.
* [Text fragment]: Warm, enters the Lung meridian, treats rebellious Qi, upward counterflow, and stagnant Qi.
* **Chenpi** (*Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae*), bitter, acrid, warm, enters the Spleen and Lung meridians; regulates Qi, resolves phlegm, and harmonizes the middle.
* **Pipayye** (*Folium Eriobotryae*), bitter, neutral, enters the Lung and Stomach meridians; descends Qi, clears heat, and resolves summer-heat toxicity.
**Slippery/Astringent Category:**
* **Fanshi** (*Alumen*), sour, astringent, cold, enters the Kidney, Lung, and Liver meridians; can consolidate Yin.
* **Dingxiang** (*Flos Caryophylli*), acrid, hot, enters the Lung, Stomach, and Kidney meridians; warms deficiency-cold of the Spleen and Stomach.
* **Luoshui** (*Ros Water*), sweet, neutral, moistening, enters the Lung meridian; nourishes Yin.