五脏无偏胜，虚阳无补法，六腑有调候，弱阴有强理。心肝脾肺肾，各有所滋生，一脏
或有余，四脏俱不足。此五脏无偏胜也。或浮或为散，是曰阳无根。益之欲令实，翻致不能
禁。此虚阳无补法也。膀胱大小肠，三焦胆包络，俾之各有主，平秘永不危。此六腑有调候
也。衰弱不能济，遂使阳无御，反而欲匹之，要以方术盛。此弱阴有强理也。《解精微论》
曰∶心者，五脏之专精。目者，其窍也，又为肝之窍。肾主骨，骨之精为神水。故肝木不平
，内挟心火，为势妄行，火炎不制，神水受伤，上为内障，此五脏病也。劳役过多，心不行
事，相火代之。《五脏生成论》曰∶诸脉皆属于目。相火者，心包络也，主百脉，上荣于目
，火盛则百脉沸腾，上为内障，此虚阳病也。膀胱小肠三焦胆，脉俱循于目。其精气亦皆上
注，而为目之精。精之窠为眼，四腑一衰，则精气尽败，邪火乘之，上为内障，此六腑病也
。神水黑眼，皆法于阴；白眼赤脉，皆法于阳。阴齐阳侔，故能为视。阴微不立，阳盛即淫
。《阴阳应象大论》曰∶壮火食气，壮火散气。上为内障，此弱阴病也。其病初起时，视觉
微昏，常见空中有黑花，神水淡绿色；次则视岐，睹一成二，神水淡白色，可为冲和养胃汤
主之，益气聪明汤主之，《千金》磁朱丸主之，石斛夜明丸主之。有热者，泻热黄连汤主之
。久则不睹，神水纯白色，永为废疾也。然废疾亦有治法，先令病者，以冷水洗眼如冰，气
血不得流行为度，用左手大指次指按定眼珠，不令转动，次用右手持鸭舌针，去黑睛如米许
，针之令入。白睛甚浓，欲入甚难，必要手准力完，重针则破，然后斜回针首，以针刀刮之
，障落则明。有落而复起者，起则重刮。刮之有至再三者，皆为洗不甚冷，气血不凝故也。
障落之后，以棉裹黑豆数粒，令如杏核样，使病目垂闭，覆眼皮上，用软帛缠之，睛珠不得
动移为度。如是五七日，才许开视，视勿劳也。亦须服上药，庶几无失。此法治者五六，不
治者亦四五。五脏之病，虚阳之病；六腑之病，弱阴之病。四者皆为阴弱不能配阳也。噫！
学人慎之。
五脏没有偏盛的情况，虚阳没有补益的方法，六腑有调理寒热的方法，弱阴有强固的道理。心、肝、脾、肺、肾，各自有所滋生，如果一脏有余，其他四脏就都不足。这就是所谓五脏没有偏盛。脉象或浮或散，这叫做阳无根。想要通过补益使其充实，反而导致无法控制。这就是所谓虚阳没有补益的方法。膀胱、大小肠、三焦、胆、心包络，让它们各有主宰，平和秘固就永远不会危险。这就是所谓六腑有调理的方法。衰弱不能济助（阳气），致使阳气失去抵御，反过来想要匹敌它，必须依靠方术来强盛。这就是所谓弱阴有强固的道理。《解精微论》说：心，是五脏精气的神聚。眼睛，是心的外窍，同时也是肝的外窍。肾主骨，骨的精华化为神水。所以肝木不平和，内挟心火，气势妄行，火势炎上不受制约，神水受伤，向上发展为内障，这是五脏的病。劳役过度，心不能正常行使职能，相火代替其位。《五脏生成论》说：所有经脉都归属于目。相火，就是心包络，主管全身血脉，向上荣养于目，火气旺盛则百脉沸腾，向上发展为内障，这是虚阳的病。膀胱、小肠、三焦、胆，它们的经脉都循行经过眼睛。它们的精气也都向上注入，成为眼的精华。精华的汇聚处为眼，四个腑中任何一个衰弱，精气就会全部败坏，邪火趁机侵袭，向上发展为内障，这是六腑的病。神水和黑眼珠，都效法于阴；白眼珠和赤色脉络，都效法于阳。阴阳平衡，所以能够视物。阴气微弱不能确立，阳气过盛就会淫溢。《阴阳应象大论》说：壮火消耗元气，壮火散失元气。向上发展为内障，这是弱阴的病。这种病初起时，视力轻微昏花，常常见到空中有黑花飞舞，神水呈淡绿色；随后出现视一为二，神水呈淡白色，可以用冲和养胃汤主治，益气聪明汤主治，《千金方》磁朱丸主治，石斛夜明丸主治。有热证的，用泻热黄连汤主治。时间久了就不能视物，神水纯白色，永远成为废疾了。然而废疾也有治疗方法，先让病人用冷水洗眼，冷如冰一样，以气血不得流动运行作为限度，用左手的大拇指和食指按住眼珠，不让转动，然后用右手持鸭舌针，距离黑睛约米粒大小的地方，针刺令其进入。白睛非常浓密，想要刺入很难，必须手法准确、力量完备，重针则会刺破，然后斜着回退针头，用针刀刮除，障膜脱落就能复明。有脱落后又复起的，复起就再次刮除。刮除达到两三次的，都是因为洗眼不够冷，气血没有凝固的缘故。障膜脱落后，用棉花包裹几粒黑豆，使其像杏核形状，让患病的眼睛垂闭，覆盖在眼皮上，用软布缠绕固定，直到眼珠不再移动为止。这样五到七天后，才允许睁开视物，视物不要劳累。也必须服用上述药物，差不多就不会失误。这种方法治疗好的有五六个，不治疗的也有四五个。五脏的病，是虚阳的病；六腑的病，是弱阴的病。这四种情况都是由于阴弱不能配阳造成的。唉！学习的人要谨慎啊。
When the five Zang organs are not in a state of excessive dominance, there is no method for tonifying deficient Yang. The six Fu organs have methods for regulating temperature and humidity, and weak Yin has principles for strengthening. Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney each have their own sources of nourishment; if one Zang organ is in excess, the other four are all deficient. This is what is meant by "the five Zang organs are not in a state of excessive dominance." A pulse that is either floating or scattered is called "Yang without root." Attempting to tonify it to make it solid results instead in an inability to control it. This is what is meant by "there is no method for tonifying deficient Yang." Bladder, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Sanjiao (Triple Burner), Gallbladder, and Pericardium should each have their own governance; if they are balanced and secure, danger will never arise. This is what is meant by "the six Fu organs have methods for regulation." When weakness fails to assist (Yang), Yang loses its defense. To try to match it inversely requires relying on medical formulas to strengthen it. This is what is meant by "weak Yin has principles for strengthening." *Jie Jing Wei Lun* states: "The Heart is the concentration of the essence of the five Zang organs. The eyes are its orifice, and also the orifice of the Liver." The Kidney governs the bones, and the essence of the bones transforms into Shen Water (aqueous humor). Therefore, when Liver Wood is unbalanced, it internally harbors Heart Fire, causing forceful and erratic movement. If the fire flares up uncontrollably, Shen Water is injured, leading upward to internal cataracts; this is a disease of the five Zang organs. Excessive labor causes the Heart to fail in its functions, and Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo) takes over. *Wu Zang Sheng Cheng Lun* states: "All vessels belong to the eyes." Ministerial Fire is the Pericardium, which governs all vessels and nourishes the eyes from above. When fire is excessive, all vessels boil, leading upward to internal cataracts; this is a disease of deficient Yang. The Bladder, Small Intestine, Sanjiao, and Gallbladder channels all traverse the eyes. Their essential qi also ascends to inject into the eyes, becoming the essence of the eye. The gathering place of essence is the eye; if any of the four Fu organs declines, the essence and qi will completely deteriorate, allowing pathogenic fire to take advantage and ascend to form internal cataracts; this is a disease of the six Fu organs. Shen Water and the black part of the eye follow the principle of Yin; the white part of the eye and red vessels follow the principle of Yang. When Yin and Yang are equal, vision is possible. If Yin is weak and cannot stand firm, Yang becomes excessive and invasive. *Yin Yang Ying Xiang Da Lun* states: "Exuberant fire consumes Qi, exuberant fire scatters Qi." Ascending to form internal cataracts is a disease of weak Yin. At the onset of the disease, vision is slightly dim, often seeing black flowers floating in the air, and Shen Water appears pale green; subsequently, diplopia occurs (seeing one object as two), and Shen Water appears pale white. These can be primarily treated with Chonghe Yangwei Decoction, Yiqi Congming Decoction, Cizhu Wan from *Qianjin Fang*, or Shihu Yeming Pill. For cases with heat, Xi Re Huanglian Decoction is used. After a long time, vision may be lost entirely, Shen Water becomes purely white, resulting in permanent disability. However, there are treatment methods even for disability: first, let the patient wash the eyes with cold water until it feels like ice, stopping when blood and qi cease to flow freely. Use the thumb and index finger of the left hand to press firmly on the eyeball to prevent rotation. Then, using the right hand, hold a duck-tongue needle and insert it at a distance of about a grain of rice from the cornea (Heijing). The sclera (white part) is very dense, making insertion difficult; precise technique and complete strength are required, otherwise heavy needling will cause rupture. Then, tilt the needle head back and scrape with a needle knife. Once the opacity falls, vision clears. If the opacity recurs after falling, scrape again upon recurrence. Scraping may need to be repeated two or three times; this is because the washing was not cold enough, and the blood and qi did not coagulate. After the opacity falls, wrap several black beans in cotton to the size of an apricot kernel, place them on the closed eyelid of the affected eye, and bind tightly with soft cloth until the eyeball does not move. After five to seven days, allow the patient to open their eyes, but avoid visual strain. Medication mentioned above must also be taken to ensure success. With this method, five or six recover, while four or five do not. Diseases of the five Zang organs are diseases of deficient Yang; diseases of the six Fu organs are diseases of weak Yin. All four conditions result from weak Yin being unable to match Yang. Alas! Practitioners must be cautious.