消症分上中下三种。上属心肺，中属肠胃，下属肝肾。大抵消症多因水火偏胜为患，治
法不
外乎滋清并施。欲别其上中下，先视其外象。上消则舌上赤裂，大渴引饮，是心移热于肺而
成。古法用人参白虎汤为主。中消则善食而瘦，自汗大便硬，是大肠移热于胃而成。古用调
胃承气汤为主。下消则烦躁引饮，小便如膏，多属肝肾亏损。古用六味八味加减。至于饮一
溲二，多致难治。孙真人云∶消渴之人愈后，多有发大痈而卒。此无他，明系精液气血耗尽
之故也。凡消渴症。溺于干土，必有如盐汁然；溺于盆中，必起沫如酒酵。精液消耗。从此
而去，更有平时纳只数合，一旦兼数日而食。此腹中有虫积，当用攻虫法下出之，即愈。
哮喘实因肺中有实邪。脉浮紧，喘而无汗，能食不得倒卧，大青龙汤；有汗，越脾汤；
其效
如神。稍遇挟虚，祸不旋踵。予每仿其制而轻其剂，用苏叶、前胡、防风、杏仁、连翘、黄
芩。若热甚者，用石膏、橘红、甘草。痰多加浮海石、半夏、莱菔子、枳壳等味。宜加减各
味列于下∶如桑皮、地骨皮、花粉、青黛、芦根、茅根、桑叶、竹叶、枇杷叶、川贝、象贝
、款冬花、紫菀、马兜铃、茯苓、泽泻、苡仁、通草诸味。随其症而采入之可也。稍挟虚者
，佐以生甜冬术、麦冬、沙参、元参。寒而无热者，屏去一切寒凉，加老姜、桂枝木。俟其
病去六七，宜疏补并施。若痊愈后，必得补土生金，兼固表调里之药。如异功散合玉屏风
，再加甜杏仁、苏子、梨汁。或莱菔汁熬膏为丸，以杜不发。华真人曰∶哮喘似乎肺实
，乃肺虚也。信然。故用
补剂，多见其效，用清疏久而愈甚，亦可验矣。凡治肺病，能用补母收功，可谓万全，再
不复作。其有肾虚喘而不哮者，宜贞元饮，用熟地、归身二味，其应如响。
消渴症分为上、中、下三种类型。上消归属于心肺，中消归属于肠胃，下消归属于肝肾。大抵消渴症多因水与火偏胜为患，治疗方法不外乎滋阴与清热并用。要辨别其属于上、中、下哪一型，先观察其外在征象。上消表现为舌面红赤裂纹，极度口渴且大量饮水，这是心火移热于肺所致。古法以人参白虎汤为主方。中消表现为食欲旺盛但身体消瘦，自汗出，大便干结，这是大肠移热于胃所致。古法用调胃承气汤为主方。下消表现为烦躁、引饮，小便浑浊如膏脂，多属肝肾亏损。古法用六味地黄丸或八味肾气丸加减治疗。至于出现“饮一溲二”（喝多少尿多少）的情况，大多难以治愈。孙思邈曾说：消渴病患者痊愈后，多有发生严重痈疽而猝死的。这没有别的原因，明确是精液气血耗尽的缘故。凡是消渴症，若尿液滴在干燥的土地上，必定像盐汁一样；若滴在盆中，必定泛起泡沫如同酒酵。这是因为精液消耗，随之流失。还有平时进食仅几合，一旦却连续数日进食量巨大。这是腹中有虫积，应当用驱虫法攻下排出虫体，病即可愈。
哮喘实因肺中有实邪。脉象浮紧，气喘而无汗，能进食但不能仰卧，适用大青龙汤；若有汗，适用越婢汤；疗效如神。稍遇兼夹虚证，祸患即刻降临。我常仿效其制方思路而减轻药量，使用苏叶、前胡、防风、杏仁、连翘、黄芩。若热势严重者，加用石膏、橘红、甘草。痰多者加浮海石、半夏、莱菔子、枳壳等药。适宜加减的各味药物列于下方：如桑白皮、地骨皮、天花粉、青黛、芦根、白茅根、桑叶、竹叶、枇杷叶、川贝母、象贝母、款冬花、紫菀、马兜铃、茯苓、泽泻、薏苡仁、通草等药。根据具体症状选取加入即可。稍兼虚证者，佐以生甜白术、麦冬、沙参、玄参。寒证而无热象者，摒弃一切寒凉药物，加老姜、桂枝木。待病去六七成，宜疏解与补益并用。若痊愈后，必须采用补土生金，兼固表调里的药物。如异功散合玉屏风散，再加甜杏仁、苏子、梨汁。或用莱菔汁熬膏制成丸剂，以防止复发。华真人说：哮喘看似肺实，实乃肺虚。确实如此。所以使用补剂，多见疗效，若用清疏之法久而病情加重，也可验证这一点。凡治疗肺病，若能通过补母（补脾）收功，可谓万全之策，疾病不再复发。若有肾虚气喘但不伴哮鸣音者，宜用贞元饮，由熟地黄、当归身两味药组成，疗效迅速。
Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) is divided into three types: Upper, Middle, and Lower. Upper Xiao pertains to the Heart and Lung; Middle Xiao pertains to the Stomach and Intestines; Lower Xiao pertains to the Liver and Kidney. Generally, Xiao Ke is caused by an excess of Fire or Water imbalance, and the treatment method involves simultaneously nourishing Yin and clearing Heat. To distinguish between Upper, Middle, and Lower types, one must first observe external signs. In Upper Xiao, there are red cracks on the tongue, extreme thirst with copious drinking, resulting from Heart Heat transferring to the Lung. The ancient method primarily uses Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction). In Middle Xiao, there is excessive appetite with emaciation, spontaneous sweating, and hard stools, resulting from Large Intestine Heat transferring to the Stomach. The ancient method primarily uses Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order Qi Decoction). In Lower Xiao, there is irritability, craving for drinks, and urine turbid like paste, mostly due to Liver and Kidney deficiency. The ancient method uses Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) or Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) with modifications. As for "drinking one part and urinating two parts," it is often difficult to treat. Sun Simiao said: Patients who recover from Xiao Ke often develop severe carbuncles and die suddenly. This is not due to other reasons, but clearly because essence and fluids, Qi, and Blood have been exhausted. In any case of Xiao Ke, if urine is dropped on dry soil, it will resemble brine; if dropped in a basin, it will foam like yeast. This is because essence and fluids are consumed and lost. Additionally, some who usually eat only a small amount may suddenly eat continuously for several days. This indicates intestinal parasites; one should use vermifuge methods to expel them, after which the disease will heal.
Asthma is actually caused by Excess pathogens in the Lung. If the pulse is floating and tight, with wheezing, no sweat, ability to eat but inability to lie supine, Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction) is indicated; if there is sweat, Yebing Tang (Diaphoretic Decoction) is indicated; the effect is miraculous. However, if there is even slight deficiency involved, disaster follows immediately. I often imitate their formula structure but reduce the dosage, using Suye (Perilla Leaf), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Xingren (Prunus Seed), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix). If heat is severe, add Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Juhong (Tangerine Peel), Gancao (Licorice Root). If phlegm is abundant, add Fuhaisshi (Halloysitum Rubrum), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Laifuzi (Radish Seed), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), etc. The following herbs are suitable for modification: Sangbaipi (Morus Cortex), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Lugen (Reed Rhizome), Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma), Sangye (Mulberry Leaf), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf), Pipaye (Loquat Leaf), Chuanbei (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Xiangbei (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos), Ziwan (Asteris Radix), Madouling (Aristolochiae Radix), Fuling (Poria), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Yiren (Coicis Semen), Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla). Select and add them according to symptoms. For cases with slight deficiency, assist with Shengtian Baizhu (Fresh Sweet Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Shashen (Glehniae Radix), Yuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix). For cold patterns without heat, discard all cooling herbs, and add Laojiang (Old Ginger) and Guizhimu (Cinnamomi Ramulus). When the pathogen is reduced by sixty or seventy percent, combine dispersing and tonifying methods. After complete recovery, one must employ herbs that tonify Earth to generate Metal (Spleen to Lung), and consolidate the exterior while regulating the interior. Examples include Yigong San (Yi Gong Powder) combined with Yupingfeng San (Jade Windscreen Powder), plus Tian Xingren (Sweet Apricot Kernel), Suzi (Perilla Fruit), and Li Zhi (Pear Juice). Or, prepare pills from Laifu Gao (Radish Paste) to prevent recurrence. Hua Zhenren stated: Asthma seems like Lung Excess, but is actually Lung Deficiency. This is true. Therefore, using tonics often yields good results, whereas prolonged use of clearing and dispersing methods worsens the condition, which also verifies this point. In treating Lung diseases, if one can achieve success by tonifying the Mother (Spleen), it is considered a perfect strategy, ensuring no recurrence. For cases of Kidney Deficiency wheezing without asthma sounds, Zhenyuan Yin (Zhenyuan Decoction) is indicated, composed of Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix) and Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix); its response is immediate.