夫小儿痘疮，自首至尾，脾胃温暖，表里中和，痘后亦无余证。若热毒太盛，失解，或过服桂、附
热药，则收靥之后，余毒犹作，轻则咽喉齿目吐衄痈疮，重则热极生风，变成惊搐而死者多矣，当照后调治。
一、痘初毒盛，或因服附子毒药者，靥落之后，便服消毒饮一二帖，或饮三豆汤，解毒之良法也。若余
热不退，轻则小柴胡汤；虚烦不眠者，竹叶石膏汤加酸枣仁；浑身壮热不退者，黄连解毒汤；
烦渴谵语者，辰砂六一散；热盛大便闭，腹胀内实者，小承气汤下之。
一、痘后余毒，或先服附子，热毒失解，聚而不散，以至头顶胸背、手足肢节亦肿，成痈毒者，宜消
毒饮、小柴胡汤，倍加羌活、独活、连翘、金银花、天花粉，有脓须刺破；如生痘风疮，止
用消毒饮、败毒散之类。
一、余热发惊搐者，抱龙丸主之。过二三后，证恶者，死。
一、热毒上攻眼目，热胀疼肿，血丝遮睛者，洗肝散。壮热甚者，加黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子；肿胀
不能开者，仍用鸡子清调黄连末，涂两太阳足底心，以引热毒下行。
一、咽喉肿痛，甘桔汤加防风、玄参、射干、牛蒡子，热盛加黄芩，小便涩加木通。
一、牙疳肿痛，失血牙龈宣露者，甘露引子；牙疳腐烂者，用老茶韭菜根浓煎洗净，仍敷搽牙散。
一、触冒风寒咳嗽者，发散药内加栝蒌、桔梗、杏仁、韭菜根、桑白皮、八白草根，痰盛加
枳实、半夏、石膏。若毒攻肺，喘急咳臭脓血者，死。
一、脾胃虚弱，饮食不化，少进平胃散，加山楂、神曲、麦芽、
香附；吐泻者，胃苓汤；寒甚呕逆泄泻，理中汤。大抵痘后证多余热，因寒者少。
小儿患痘疮（天花），从头至尾，若脾胃功能温暖调和，表里气机中和，则痘疹消退后也不会留下后遗症。如果热毒过于炽盛，未能及时解除，或者过度服用桂枝、附子等温热药物，那么在痘疹结痂脱落之后，残余的毒邪仍然会发作。轻症表现为咽喉肿痛、牙齿病变、眼部不适、鼻出血或吐血、痈疽疮疡；重症则因热极而生风，转变为惊厥抽搐，导致死亡的情况很多，应当参照以下方法进行调治。
一、痘疹初期毒邪炽盛，或者因为服用了附子等毒性药物的，在痘疹结痂脱落后，立即服用消毒饮一二帖，或者饮用三豆汤，这是解毒的良好方法。如果余热不退，症状较轻者用小柴胡汤；虚烦失眠者，用竹叶石膏汤加酸枣仁；全身高热不退者，用黄连解毒汤；烦躁口渴、胡言乱语者，用辰砂六一散；热盛导致大便闭塞、腹部胀满且内有实邪者，用小承气汤攻下。
一、痘疹后的余毒，或者先前服用了附子，导致热毒未能解除，聚集而不能消散，以至于头顶、胸背、手足关节都出现肿胀，形成痈毒的，适宜使用消毒饮、小柴胡汤，并加倍加入羌活、独活、连翘、金银花、天花粉；如果有脓液，必须刺破排脓；如果生出痘风疮，只需用消毒饮、败毒散之类的方剂。
一、余热引发惊厥抽搐的，以抱龙丸为主治方药。过了两三天后，如果病情恶化，预后不良，会导致死亡。
一、热毒向上攻冲眼目，导致眼睛红肿疼痛、血丝遮蔽瞳孔的，用洗肝散治疗。如果壮热严重的，加入黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子；如果肿胀严重到无法睁眼的，仍用鸡蛋清调和黄连末，涂抹在两太阳穴和足底心，以引导热毒下行。
一、咽喉肿痛，用甘桔汤加防风、玄参、射干、牛蒡子；热盛者加黄芩，小便涩痛者加木通。
一、牙疳（牙龈腐烂）肿痛，失血且牙龈萎缩暴露的，用甘露引子；牙疳腐烂严重者，用老茶和韭菜根浓煎后清洗患处，然后敷搽牙散。
一、触犯风寒引起咳嗽的，在发散药中加入栝蒌、桔梗、杏仁、韭菜根、桑白皮、八白草根；痰多者加枳实、半夏、石膏。如果毒邪攻冲肺部，出现气喘急促、咳出臭秽脓血的，预后不良，会导致死亡。
一、脾胃虚弱，饮食不消化，少量服用平胃散，加入山楂、神曲、麦芽、香附；呕吐腹泻者，用胃苓汤；寒气甚重导致呕吐逆反、泄泻的，用理中汤。大抵痘疹后的证候多属于余热，因寒邪致病的较少。
In children suffering from smallpox (Dochuang), if the Spleen and Stomach remain warm and harmonious, and the interior and exterior are balanced throughout the course of the disease, there will be no residual symptoms after the eruption subsides. However, if the Heat-Toxin is excessively vigorous and fails to be resolved, or if warming herbs such as Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Fuzi (Aconite Lateralis Radix Preparata) are overused, residual toxins may still manifest after the scabs fall off. Mild cases present with sore throat, dental lesions, eye disorders, epistaxis or hematemesis, and carbuncles or sores; severe cases may develop into convulsions and spasms due to extreme Heat generating Wind, often resulting in death. Treatment should follow the subsequent guidelines.
1. If the Toxin was vigorous at the initial stage of the eruption, or if toxic substances like Fuzi were ingested, one should administer Xiaodu Yin (Detoxification Decoction) for one or two doses, or San Dou Tang (Three Beans Decoction), immediately after the scabs fall off. This is an excellent method for resolving toxins. If residual Heat persists: for mild cases, use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction); for deficiency-Heat causing irritability and insomnia, use Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) with Suanzaoren (Ziziphus Seed); for persistent high fever throughout the body, use Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity); for irritability, thirst, and delirium, use Chen Sha Liu Yi San (Cinnabar Six-to-One Powder); for excessive Heat with constipation, abdominal distension, and interior excess, use Xiao Cheng Qi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) to purge.
2. For residual toxins after smallpox, particularly where prior administration of Fuzi caused Heat-Toxin to accumulate without dispersing, leading to swelling of the head vertex, chest, back, hands, feet, and joints, forming carbuncles and toxic swellings, Xiaodu Yin and Xiao Chai Hu Tang should be used, with increased dosages of Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Yinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), and Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix). If pus has formed, it must be lanced. If "smallpox wind sores" appear, only Xiaodu Yin or Baidu San (Detoxifying Powder) should be used.
3. For convulsions and spasms triggered by residual Heat, Baolong Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill) is the primary treatment. If the condition worsens after two or three days, the prognosis is fatal.
4. When Heat-Toxin attacks the eyes, causing swelling, pain, and blood vessels obscuring the pupil, Xigan San (Liver-Washing Powder) is indicated. In cases of severe high fever, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus). If swelling is so severe that the eyes cannot open, mix Huanglian powder with egg white (Jizi Qing) and apply it to the Taiyang acupoints (GB-2) and the center of the soles of the feet (Yongquan, KI-1) to guide the Heat-Toxin downward.
5. For sore throat and swelling, Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) is used with Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Shaye (Belamcandae Rhizoma), and Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus). Add Huangqin for excessive Heat, and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) for astringent and painful urination.
6. For gingival gangrene (Yagan) with swelling, pain, bleeding, and receding gums, Ganlu Yinzǐ (Sweet Dew Guide) is prescribed. For severe rotting of the gums, decoct old tea and Chinese chive roots (Jiucaigen) strongly, wash the area, and then apply Yasan (Tooth Powder).
7. For cough induced by exposure to Wind-Cold, add Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Xingren (Prunus Seed), Jiucaygen, Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), and Babai Gen to dispersing formulas. Add Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) for excessive phlegm. If the Toxin attacks the Lung, resulting in rapid breathing and coughing up foul-smelling purulent blood, the prognosis is fatal.
8. For Spleen and Stomach weakness with indigestion, administer Pingwei San (Peace the Stomach Powder) in small amounts, added with Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma). For vomiting and diarrhea, use Weiling Tang (Stomach and Pi Water-Decoction). For severe Cold causing vomiting, regurgitation, and diarrhea, use Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). Generally, post-smallpox conditions are mostly due to residual Heat, with few cases caused by Cold.