味甘，寒，无毒。主恶疮，治淋，利小便，解蜀椒毒。叶，为百菜主，其心伤人。
《本经》原文∶冬葵子，味甘，寒。主五脏六腑，寒热羸瘦，五癃，利小便。久服，坚
骨长
大寒，无毒。主治白翳，杀蛔虫。一名莫实，细苋亦同。生淮阳及田中，叶如蓝，
月采。
《本经》原文∶苋实，味甘，寒。主青盲，明目，除邪，利大小便，去寒热。久服，益
气力
无毒。主治肠 ，渴热，中疾，恶疮。久服耐饥寒，高气不老。一名游冬。生益州，
山陵道旁，凌冬不死。三月三日采，阴干。
《本经》原文∶苦菜，味苦，寒。主五脏邪气，厌谷胃痹。久服，安心益气，聪察少卧，
轻
味苦，温，无毒。主利五脏，轻身益气，可长食之。芜菁子，主治明目。
味甘，温，无毒。主通利肠胃，除胸中烦，解酒渴。
味辛，温，无毒。归鼻。主除肾邪气，利九窍，明耳目，安中。久服温中。
又，子，主射工及疰气发无恒处，丸服之；或捣为末，醋和涂之，随手验也。
味苦，平，无毒。主安中，利人，可久食。
【冬葵子】
性质无毒。主治妇女乳汁不通、乳窍闭塞。产于少室山。十二月采集。黄芩是其引经药（使药）。
【荏子】
味道甘，性寒，无毒。主治恶疮，治疗淋证，通利小便，解除蜀椒的毒性。其叶子是百菜之主，但其心部伤人。
《神农本草经》原文：冬葵子，味道甘，性寒。主治五脏六腑受寒热邪气导致的身体消瘦虚弱，五种癃闭（排尿困难），通利小便。长期服用，能坚固骨骼，促进生长。
【苋实】
大寒，无毒。主治白翳（角膜云翳），杀灭蛔虫。又名莫实，细苋的功效也相同。产于淮阳及田中，叶子像蓝草一样，每月采集。
《神农本草经》原文：苋实，味道甘，性寒。主治青盲（视物不清），明目，祛除邪气，通利大小便，去除寒热邪气。长期服用，能益气力。
【苦菜】
无毒。主治肠澼（痢疾或肠道出血），口渴发热，中焦疾病，恶疮。长期服用能耐受饥寒，气息高扬而不衰老。又名游冬。产于益州的山陵道旁，凌冬不死。三月三日采集，阴干。
《神农本草经》原文：苦菜，味道苦，性寒。主治五脏邪气，厌食，胃痹。长期服用，能安心益气，思维敏捷少卧，身体轻盈。
【芜菁叶】
味道甘，性温，无毒。主治疏利肝气，调和脾胃。其实（种子），主治明目，目痛。
【芜菁子】
味道苦，性温，无毒。主治疏利五脏，轻身益气，可以长期食用。芜菁子，主治明目。
【芥子】
味道甘，性温，无毒。主治通利肠胃，消除胸中烦闷，解酒渴。
【辛夷】
味道辛，性温，无毒。归鼻经。主治祛除肾中邪气，通利九窍，明亮耳目，安定中焦。长期服用能温中。
另外，其子，主治射工毒及疰气发作无固定部位，制成丸剂服用；或者捣碎成粉末，用醋调和后涂抹患处，随手见效。
【甘草】
味道苦，性平，无毒。主治安定中焦，利于人体，可以长期食用。
【荏叶】
味道辛，性温，无毒。主治咳嗽气逆，降气，温中，补益身体。叶子，主治调理中焦，去除臭气。九月采集，阴干。
荏叶，人们常生吃，所以它的子功效不如苏子。
[Winter Okra Seed]
Non-toxic. Mainly treats women's difficulty in lactation and internal blockage of the mammary ducts. Grows in Mount Shaoshi. Harvested in the twelfth lunar month. Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) serves as its guiding herb (shi).
[Perilla Seed]
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats malignant sores, treats strangury, promotes urination, and resolves the toxicity of Shu pepper. The leaves are considered the chief among hundred vegetables, but their hearts can harm humans.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Dongkuizi (Winter Okra Seed), sweet in taste, cold in nature. Mainly treats cold-heat conditions causing emaciation and weakness of the five zang and six fu organs, five types of strangury (urinary retention), and promotes urination. Long-term consumption strengthens bones and promotes growth.
[Amaranth Fruit]
Greatly cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats leukoma (corneal opacity), kills roundworms. Also known as Moshí; Xixian has similar effects. Grows in Huaiyang and fields; leaves resemble Isatis leaves. Harvested monthly.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Xianshi (Amaranth Fruit), sweet in taste, cold in nature. Mainly treats amaurosis (blindness), brightens the eyes, eliminates evil pathogens, promotes bowel and bladder movements, and removes cold-heat pathogens. Long-term consumption boosts qi and strength.
[Herba Picridis]
Non-toxic. Mainly treats dysentery or intestinal bleeding, thirst with fever, middle-jiao diseases, and malignant sores. Long-term consumption enables endurance against hunger and cold, maintains high spirit, and prevents aging. Also known as Youdong. Grows on hillsides and roadsides in Yizhou; remains alive through winter. Harvested on the third day of the third lunar month, dried in shade.
Original text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Kucai (Herba Picridis), bitter in taste, cold in nature. Mainly treats evil pathogens in the five zang organs, anorexia, and gastric obstruction. Long-term consumption calms the mind, tonifies qi, enhances mental acuity, reduces sleep needs, and lightens the body.
[Rape Leaves]
Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly promotes the free flow of liver qi and harmonizes the middle jiao. Its fruit/seed mainly brightens the eyes and treats eye pain.
[Rape Seeds]
Bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly promotes the free flow of the five zang organs, lightens the body, tonifies qi, and is suitable for long-term dietary use. Rape seeds mainly brighten the eyes.
[Mustard Seed]
Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly promotes the free flow of the intestines and stomach, eliminates chest stuffiness, and resolves alcohol-induced thirst.
[Fructus Magnoliae]
Pungent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the nose meridian. Mainly eliminates kidney pathogenic factors, promotes the free flow of the nine orifices, brightens the ears and eyes, and stabilizes the middle jiao. Long-term consumption warms the middle.
Additionally, its seeds treat infections from "shégōng" (a mythical creature/toxin) and wandering zhu qi (miasma) that manifest without fixed locations; taken as pills; or ground into powder, mixed with vinegar, and applied topically, yielding immediate results.
[Licorice Root]
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Mainly stabilizes the middle jiao, benefits the human body, and is suitable for long-term consumption.
[Perilla Leaves]
Pungent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats cough with rebellious qi, directs qi downward, warms the middle, and tonifies the physique. The leaves regulate the middle jiao and eliminate foul odors. Harvested in the ninth lunar month, dried in shade.
Perilla leaves are often eaten raw by people; therefore, their efficacy is inferior to that of Perilla Fructus (Suzi).