凡五脏六腑,变化无穷,散在诸经,其事隐没,难得俱知。今纂集相附,以为旁通,令
学人少留意推寻,造次可见矣。
五脏∶肾(水一) 心(火二) 肝(木三) 肺(金四) 脾(土五)
六腑∶膀胱 小肠 胆 大肠 胃 三焦
五脏经∶足少阴 手少阴 足厥阴 手太阴 足太阴
六腑经∶足太阳 手太阳 足少阳 手阳明 足阳明 手少阳
五脏脉∶沉濡 洪盛 弦长 浮短 缓大
五脏斤两∶一斤二两(又云∶一斤一两) 十二两(三毛七孔) 四斤四两(左三叶右
四叶)
三
六腑斤两∶九两二铢 二斤十四两 三两三铢 二斤十二两 二斤十四两
六腑丈尺∶纵广七寸(又云∶九寸) 长二丈四尺广二寸四分 三寸三分 一丈二尺广
六
六腑所受∶九升二合(又云∶九升九合) 二斗四升 一合(《难经》作三合) 一斗
二升 三
斗五升
五脏官∶后宫列女 帝王 上将军(又为郎官) 大尚书(又为上将军) 谏议大夫
六腑官∶水曹掾 监仓吏 将军决曹吏 监仓掾 内啬吏
五腑俞∶十四椎 五椎 九椎 三椎 十一椎
六腑俞∶十九椎 十八椎 十椎 十六椎 十二椎 十三椎
五脏募∶京门 巨阙 期门 中府 章门
六腑募∶中极 关元 日月 天枢 中脘 石门
五脏脉出∶涌泉 中冲(此心包络经,心经出少冲) 大敦 少商 隐白
流(《甲乙》作留∶)然谷 劳宫(心经流少府) 行间 鱼际 大都
注∶太溪 大陵(心经注神门) 太冲 大泉 太白
过∶水泉 内关(心经过通里) 中封 列缺 公孙
行∶复溜 间使(心经行灵道) 中 经渠 商丘
入∶阴谷 曲泽(心经入少海) 曲泉 尺泽 阴陵泉
六腑脉出∶至阴 少泽 窍阴 商阳 厉兑 关冲(此三焦经出入)
流∶通谷 前谷 侠溪 二间 内庭 液门
注∶束骨 后溪 临泣 三间 陷谷 中渚
过∶京骨 腕骨 丘墟 合谷 冲阳 阳池
行∶昆仑 阳谷 阳辅 阳溪 解溪 支沟
入∶委中 小海 阳陵泉 曲池 三里 天井
五窍∶耳(二阴) 舌(口) 目 鼻 唇
五养∶骨(精) 血(脉) 筋 皮毛(气) 肉
五液∶唾 汗 泪 涕 涎
五声∶呻(噫) 言 呼 哭 歌
六气∶ 吹 呼 呵 嘘 唏
五神∶志(精) 神 血(魂) 气(魄) 意(智又作营意)
五有余病∶胀满 笑不止 怒 喘喝仰息 泾溲不利
五不足病∶厥逆 忧(一作悲) 恐 息利少气 四肢不用
六情∶恶哀 怵虑(一作惠好) 好喜(一作直喜) 威怒 乐愚 贪狠 廉贞 阴贼 宽
大公正 奸邪
八性∶欲忌 友爱 慈(惠悲) 气(正) 公私(怨)
五常∶智(谋) 礼(哲) 仁(肃) 义 信(圣)
五事∶听(聪) 视(明) 貌(恭) 言(从) 思(睿)
五咎∶急 豫 狂 僭 蒙
五音∶吟咏 肆呼 讽 唱 歌
五声∶羽(四十八丝) 征(五十四丝) 角(六十四丝) 商(七十二丝) 宫(八
十一丝)
五色∶黑 赤 青 白 黄
五味∶咸 苦 酸 辛 甘
五臭∶腐 焦 膻 腥 香
五宜(子来扶母∶)酸 甘 苦 咸 辛
五恶(味之恶∶)甘 咸 辛 苦 酸
五恶(气之恶∶)燥 热 风 寒 湿
五数∶一(六) 二(七) 三(八) 四(九) 五(十)
五行∶水 火 木 金 土
五时∶冬 夏 春 秋 季夏
五形(外应五行之形,内法五脏之象) 曲 兑 直 方 圆
五畜∶豕(《外台》云∶豕鼠) 羊(《外台》云∶蛇、马) 鸡(《外台》云∶虎、兔)
犬
(《外台》云∶猴、鸡) 牛(《外台》云∶龙、羊、犬、牛)
五谷∶大豆 麦 麻 稻(黄黍) 稷
五果∶栗 杏 李 桃 枣
五菜∶藿 薤 韭 葱 葵
论曰∶假令人肾、心、肝、肺、脾为脏,则膀胱、小肠、胆、大肠、胃为腑。足少阴为
肾经,足太阳为膀胱经,下至五脏、五果、五菜,皆尔触类长之,他皆仿此。(《外台》续
添二十三条,本非《千金》之旧,今更不附入。)
凡五脏六腑,变化无穷,散在诸经,其事隐没,难得俱知。今纂集相附,以为旁通,令学人少留意推寻,造次可见矣。
凡是五脏(心、肝、脾、肺、肾)和六腑(胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦),其生理变化和病理反应无穷无尽,分散记载于各经脉理论中,内容深奥隐蔽,很难全部知晓。现在将这些内容汇编在一起,作为相互贯通的参考,让学习者稍微留意探究推求,就能在短时间内明白了。
五脏∶肾(水一) 心(火二) 肝(木三) 肺(金四) 脾(土五)
五脏:肾属水,数为1;心属火,数为2;肝属木,数为3;肺属金,数为4;脾属土,数为5。
五脏所属经脉:足少阴肾经、手少阴心经、足厥阴肝经、手太阴肺经、足太阴脾经。
六腑所属经脉:足太阳膀胱经、手太阳小肠经、足少阳胆经、手阳明大肠经、足阳明胃经、手少阳三焦经。
五脏对应的正常脉象:肾脉沉而柔润,心脉洪大而旺盛,肝脉弦而长,肺脉浮而短,脾脉缓而大。
五脏斤两∶一斤二两(又云∶一斤一两) 十二两(三毛七孔) 四斤四两(左三叶右四叶)
五脏的重量:肾重一斤二两(另一种说法是一斤一两);心重十二两(表面有三根毫毛七个孔窍);肝重四斤四两(左边有三叶,右边有四叶)。
六腑斤两∶九两二铢 二斤十四两 三两三铢 二斤十二两 二斤十四两
六腑的重量:胆重九两二铢;胃重二斤十四两;大肠重三两三铢;小肠重二斤十二两;膀胱重二斤十四两。(注:原文此处顺序对应前文六腑列表,但《千金方》原书通常指代不同,此处依原文罗列数值,通常对应关系为:胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦,但原文仅列数值未标名,结合上下文及《难经》等典籍,通常顺序需参照前文六腑排列或特定版本校勘,此处直译数值序列)。*修正:根据中医古籍常规对应,前文六腑为膀胱、小肠、胆、大肠、胃、三焦。但重量数据通常对应:胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦。鉴于原文仅列数字,翻译时保留数字序列,并指出其对应前文六腑的模糊性,但在学术翻译中通常按标准解剖重量对应。此处严格按原文文字翻译:*
六腑重量分别为:九两二铢、二斤十四两、三两三铢、二斤十二两、二斤十四两。(注:原文此处似乎遗漏了“三焦”的重量或合并表述,且数量与六腑不完全一一匹配,依原文直译)。
六腑丈尺∶纵广七寸(又云∶九寸) 长二丈四尺广二寸四分 三寸三分 一丈二尺广六
六腑的尺寸:胆纵宽七寸(另一种说法是九寸);小肠长二丈四尺,宽二寸四分;大肠宽三寸三分;胃长一丈二尺,宽六寸。(注:原文“广六”后接下文“斗”,疑为排版断句问题,通常胃的描述为长一丈二尺广六寸,容量为一斗二升。此处依原文片段翻译)。
六腑所受∶九升二合(又云∶九升九合) 二斗四升 一合(《难经》作三合) 一斗二升 三斗五升
六腑的容量:胆受纳九升二合(另一种说法是九升九合);小肠受纳二斗四升;大肠受纳一合(《难经》记载为三合);胃受纳一斗二升;膀胱受纳三斗五升。(注:原文此处数值对应关系可能存在版本差异,通常小肠最大,其次胃、膀胱等,此处依原文顺序列出)。
五脏官∶后宫列女 帝王 上将军(又为郎官) 大尚书(又为上将军) 谏议大夫
五脏的功能类比官职:肾如后宫列女(主藏精);心如帝王(君主之官);肝如上将军(又为郎官,主谋虑);肺如大尚书(又为上将军,主治节);脾如谏议大夫(主运化)。
六腑官∶水曹掾 监仓吏 将军决曹吏 监仓掾 内啬吏
六腑的功能类比官职:胆如水曹掾(主决断);胃如监仓吏(主受纳);大肠如将军决曹吏(主传导);小肠如监仓掾(主泌别清浊);膀胱如内啬吏(主贮尿排尿)。(注:三焦功能常归入脏腑整体或单独论述,此处依原文列举)。
五脏的背俞穴位置:肾俞在第十四椎下;心俞在五椎下;肝俞在第九椎下;肺俞在三椎下;脾俞在第十一椎下。(注:椎数指脊椎棘突下的定位,具体穴位名未列,仅列椎位)。
六腑的背俞穴位置:膀胱俞在第十九椎下;小肠俞在第十八椎下;胆俞在第十椎下;大肠俞在第十六椎下;胃俞在第十二椎下;三焦俞在第十三椎下。(注:依原文椎位顺序对应前文六腑)。
五脏的腹募穴:肾募京门;心募巨阙;肝募期门;肺募中府;脾募章门。
六腑的腹募穴:膀胱募中极;小肠募关元;胆募日月;大肠募天枢;胃募中脘;三焦募石门。
五脏脉出∶涌泉 中冲(此心包络经,心经出少冲) 大敦 少商 隐白
五脏经脉气血流注的井穴(所出):肾经涌泉;心包经中冲(注:原文括号注明此为心包络经,心经本经出少冲);肝经大敦;肺经少商;脾经隐白。
流(《甲乙》作留∶)然谷 劳宫(心经流少府) 行间 鱼际 大都
五脏经脉气血流注的荥穴(所流):肾经然谷;心包经劳宫(注:原文括号注明心经流注为少府);肝经行间;肺经鱼际;脾经大都。
五脏经脉气血流注的输穴(所注):肾经太溪;心包经大陵(注:原文括号注明心经注穴为神门);肝经太冲;肺经经渠(原文误作大泉,据《灵枢》应为经渠,但依原文翻译为大泉/或注为经渠之误,此处依原文“大泉”字面,但中医常识为经渠,考虑到忠实原文,译为“大泉”,并在英文中备注);脾经太白。(注:原文“大泉”疑为“经渠”之误或异写,但依原文提取)。
五脏经脉气血流注的经穴(所过):肾经水泉;心包经内关(注:原文括号注明心经过穴为通里);肝经中封;肺经列缺;脾经公孙。
五脏经脉气血流注的经穴(所行):肾经复溜;心包经间使(注:原文括号注明心经行穴为灵道);肝经中渚(原文仅“中”字,疑漏“渚”字,依原文译为“中”);肺经经渠;脾经商丘。
五脏经脉气血流注的合穴(所入):肾经阴谷;心包经曲泽(注:原文括号注明心经入穴为少海);肝经曲泉;肺经尺泽;脾经阴陵泉。
六腑脉出∶至阴 少泽 窍阴 商阳 厉兑 关冲(此三焦经出入)
六腑经脉气血流注的井穴(所出):膀胱经至阴;小肠经少泽;胆经窍阴;大肠经商阳;胃经厉兑;三焦经关冲(注:原文括号注明此为三焦经的出入穴)。
六腑经脉气血流注的荥穴(所流):膀胱经通谷;小肠经前谷;胆经侠溪;大肠经二间;胃经内庭;三焦经液门。
六腑经脉气血流注的输穴(所注):膀胱经束骨;小肠经后溪;胆经足临泣;大肠经三间;胃经陷谷;三焦经中渚。
六腑经脉气血流注的经穴(所过):膀胱经京骨;小肠经腕骨;胆经丘墟;大肠经合谷;胃经冲阳;三焦经阳池。
六腑经脉气血流注的经穴(所行):膀胱经昆仑;小肠经阳谷;胆经阳辅;大肠经阳溪;胃经解溪;三焦经支沟。
六腑经脉气血流注的合穴(所入):膀胱经委中;小肠经小海;胆经阳陵泉;大肠经曲池;胃经足三里;三焦经天井。
五窍∶耳(二阴) 舌(口) 目 鼻 唇
五脏开窍:肾开窍于耳(兼二阴);心开窍于舌(口);肝开窍于目;肺开窍于鼻;脾开窍于唇。
五脏所养:肾养骨(藏精);心养血(主脉);肝养筋;肺养皮毛(主气);脾养肉。
五液∶唾 汗 泪 涕 涎
五声∶呻(噫) 言 呼 哭 歌
五脏所发之声:肾为呻(或噫);心为言;肝为呼;肺为哭;脾为歌。
六气∶ 吹 呼 呵 嘘 唏
五脏所应之气(五音六气之变):肾为吹;心为呼;肝为呵;肺为嘘;脾为唏。(注:此处“六气”实指五脏发声之气,原文列六项但只有五个脏,可能包含三焦或泛指,依原文列出)。
五神∶志(精) 神 血(魂) 气(魄) 意(智又作营意)
五脏所藏之神:肾藏志(精);心藏神;肝藏血(魂);肺藏气(魄);脾藏意(智,又作营意)。
五脏实证(有余)病症:肾实证见腹胀满;心实证见笑不止;肝实证见易怒;肺实证见喘促喝叫仰卧呼吸;脾实证见大小便不利。
五脏虚证(不足)病症:肾虚证见厥逆;心虚证见忧愁(一说悲伤);肝虚证见恐惧;肺虚证见气息微弱少气;脾虚证见四肢不能运用。
六情∶恶哀 怵虑(一作惠好) 好喜(一作直喜) 威怒 乐愚 贪狠 廉贞 阴贼 宽大公正 奸邪
六腑相关的情志表现:胆主决断故有恶哀;胃主受纳故有怵虑(一说惠好);大肠主传导故有好喜(一说直喜);小肠主泌别故有威怒;膀胱主贮泄故有乐愚;三焦主气化故有贪狠。(注:原文此处将情志与六腑对应较为复杂,且有多种异文,依原文直译)。
八性∶欲忌 友爱 慈(惠悲) 气(正) 公私(怨)
八种性格倾向:欲望与忌讳;友爱;慈悲(或恩惠悲伤);意气(正直);公心与私心(怨恨)。
五常∶智(谋) 礼(哲) 仁(肃) 义 信(圣)
五常道德:智(谋划);礼(哲理);仁(严肃);义;信(圣洁)。
五事∶听(聪) 视(明) 貌(恭) 言(从) 思(睿)
五事修养:听(聪慧);视(明亮);容貌(恭敬);言语(顺从);思考(睿智)。
五咎∶急 豫 狂 僭 蒙
五种过失:急躁;犹豫;狂妄;僭越;蒙昧。
五音∶吟咏 肆呼 讽 唱 歌
五类音调:吟咏;放肆呼叫;讽诵;歌唱;歌曲。
五声∶羽(四十八丝) 征(五十四丝) 角(六十四丝) 商(七十二丝) 宫(八十一丝)
五声音阶:羽音(四十八根弦);徵音(五十四根弦);角音(六十四根弦);商音(七十二根弦);宫音(八十一根弦)。
五色∶黑 赤 青 白 黄
五色:黑;赤;青;白;黄。
五味∶咸 苦 酸 辛 甘
五味:咸;苦;酸;辛;甘。
五臭∶腐 焦 膻 腥 香
五气气味:腐;焦;膻;腥;香。
五宜(子来扶母∶)酸 甘 苦 咸 辛
五味适宜(子助母原则):酸;甘;苦;咸;辛。
五恶(味之恶∶)甘 咸 辛 苦 酸
五味厌恶(味之禁忌):甘;咸;辛;苦;酸。
五恶(气之恶∶)燥 热 风 寒 湿
五气厌恶:燥;热;风;寒;湿。
五数∶一(六) 二(七) 三(八) 四(九) 五(十)
五行生成数:一(配六);二(配七);三(配八);四(配九);五(配十)。
五行∶水 火 木 金 土
五行:水;火;木;金;土。
五时∶冬 夏 春 秋 季夏
五时季节:冬;夏;春;秋;季夏(长夏)。
五形(外在对应五行形态,内在效法五脏形象):曲;兑(尖锐);直;方;圆。
五畜∶豕(《外台》云∶豕鼠) 羊(《外台》云∶蛇、马) 鸡(《外台》云∶虎、兔) 犬(《外台》云∶猴、鸡) 牛(《外台》云∶龙、羊、犬、牛)
五畜:猪(《外台秘要》说:猪、鼠);羊(《外台秘要》说:蛇、马);鸡(《外台秘要》说:虎、兔);狗(《外台秘要》说:猴、鸡);牛(《外台秘要》说:龙、羊、狗、牛)。
五谷∶大豆 麦 麻 稻(黄黍) 稷
五谷:大豆;麦;麻;稻(黄黍);稷。
五果∶栗 杏 李 桃 枣
五果:栗;杏;李;桃;枣。
五菜∶藿 薤 韭 葱 葵
五菜:藿(豆叶);薤;韭;葱;葵。
论曰∶假令人肾、心、肝、肺、脾为脏,则膀胱、小肠、胆、大肠、胃为腑。足少阴为肾经,足太阳为膀胱经,下至五脏、五果、五菜,皆尔触类长之,他皆仿此。(《外台》续添二十三条,本非《千金》之旧,今更不附入。)
孙思邈论述说:假如把肾、心、肝、肺、脾称为脏,那么膀胱、小肠、胆、大肠、胃就称为腑。足少阴经是肾经,足太阳经是膀胱经,以下直到五脏、五果、五菜等内容,都是这样触类旁通、类推延伸的,其他情况也都模仿这种规律。(《外台秘要》后续添加了二十三条内容,原本就不是《备急千金要方》的旧有内容,现在不再附录进去。)
The changes of the Five Zang organs (Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Kidney) and Six Fu organs (Gallbladder, Stomach, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Bladder, Sanjiao/Triple Burner) are infinite. They are scattered throughout the various meridians, their details are obscure and hidden, making it difficult to know them all at once. Now, I have compiled and collected these related contents to serve as a comprehensive reference, so that students who pay a little attention to explore and deduce can understand them quickly.
Five Zang: Kidney (Water, Number 1), Heart (Fire, Number 2), Liver (Wood, Number 3), Lung (Metal, Number 4), Spleen (Earth, Number 5).
Six Fu: Bladder, Small Intestine, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, Stomach, Sanjiao (Triple Burner).
Meridians of the Five Zang: Foot Shaoyin (Kidney Meridian), Hand Shaoyin (Heart Meridian), Foot Jueyin (Liver Meridian), Hand Taiyin (Lung Meridian), Foot Taiyin (Spleen Meridian).
Meridians of the Six Fu: Foot Taiyang (Bladder Meridian), Hand Taiyang (Small Intestine Meridian), Foot Shaoyang (Gallbladder Meridian), Hand Yangming (Large Intestine Meridian), Foot Yangming (Stomach Meridian), Hand Shaoyang (Sanjiao Meridian).
Pulses of the Five Zang: Sunken and soft (Kidney), Surging and abundant (Heart), String-like and long (Liver), Floating and short (Lung), Slow and large (Spleen).
Weight of the Five Zang: Kidney weighs one jin and two liang (another saying is one jin and one liang); Heart weighs twelve liang (with three hairs and seven pores on its surface); Liver weighs four jin and four liang (three lobes on the left, four on the right).
Weight of the Six Fu: Gallbladder weighs nine liang and two zhu; Stomach weighs two jin and fourteen liang; Large Intestine weighs three liang and three zhu; Small Intestine weighs two jin and twelve liang; Bladder weighs two jin and fourteen liang. (Note: The text lists weights corresponding to the Fu organs, though the exact mapping in this specific excerpt requires cross-referencing with standard anatomical descriptions in TCM classics).
Dimensions of the Six Fu: Gallbladder is seven cun in length and width (another saying is nine cun); Small Intestine is two zhang four chi long and two cun four fen wide; Large Intestine is three cun three fen wide; Stomach is one zhang two chi long and six cun wide.
Capacity of the Six Fu: Gallbladder holds nine sheng and two he (another saying is nine sheng and nine he); Small Intestine holds two dou and four sheng; Large Intestine holds one he (Nan Jing states three he); Stomach holds one dou and two sheng; Bladder holds three dou and five sheng.
Official Titles Analogous to the Five Zang: Kidney is like the women of the inner palace (preserving essence); Heart is like the Emperor (ruler of all); Liver is like the General-in-Chief (also referred to as an attendant official, planning strategy); Lung is like the Grand Secretary (also General-in-Chief, regulating qi); Spleen is like the Remonstrance Official (transforming and transporting).
Official Titles Analogous to the Six Fu: Gallbladder is like the Water Bureau Clerk (decision-making); Stomach is like the Granary Supervisor (receiving food); Large Intestine is like the General Judge (conduction); Small Intestine is like the Granary Attendant (separating clear from turbid); Bladder is like the Inner Treasurer (storing and excreting urine).
Back-Shu Points of the Five Zang: Kidney Shu at the 14th vertebra; Heart Shu at the 5th vertebra; Liver Shu at the 9th vertebra; Lung Shu at the 3rd vertebra; Spleen Shu at the 11th vertebra.
Back-Shu Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Shu at the 19th vertebra; Small Intestine Shu at the 18th vertebra; Gallbladder Shu at the 10th vertebra; Large Intestine Shu at the 16th vertebra; Stomach Shu at the 12th vertebra; Sanjiao Shu at the 13th vertebra.
Front-Mu Points of the Five Zang: Kidney Mu Jingmen; Heart Mu Juque; Liver Mu Qimen; Lung Mu Zhongfu; Spleen Mu Zhangmen.
Front-Mu Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Mu Zhongji; Small Intestine Mu Guanyuan; Gallbladder Mu Riyue; Large Intestine Mu Tianshu; Stomach Mu Zhongwan; Sanjiao Mu Shimen.
Jing-Well Points (Source of Qi) of the Five Zang: Kidney Yongquan; Pericardium Zhongchong (Note: Text specifies this is Pericardium meridian; Heart meridian source is Shaochong); Liver Dadun; Lung Shaoshang; Spleen Yinbai.
Ying-Spring Points (Flowing Qi) of the Five Zang: Kidney RanGu; Pericardium Laogong (Note: Text specifies Heart meridian flows to Shaofu); Liver Xingjian; Lung Yuji; Splein Dabu.
Shu-Stream Points (Poured Qi) of the Five Zang: Kidney Taixi; Pericardium Daling (Note: Text specifies Heart meridian pours to Shenmen); Liver Taichong; Lung Jingqu (Text says Daquan, likely a variant or error for Jingqu); Spleen Taibai.
Jing-River Points (Passing Qi) of the Five Zang: Kidney Shuiquan; Pericardium Neiguan (Note: Text specifies Heart meridian passes through Tongli); Liver Zhongfeng; Lung Lieque; Splein Gongsun.
He-Sea Points (Entering Qi) of the Five Zang: Kidney YinGu; Pericardium Quze (Note: Text specifies Heart meridian enters Shaohai); Liver Ququan; Lung Chize; Spleen Yinlingquan.
Jing-Well Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Zhiyin; Small Intestine Shaoze; Gallbladder Qiaoyin; Large Intestine Shangyang; Stomach Lidui; Sanjiao Guanchong (Note: Text indicates this is the entry/exit point for Sanjiao).
Ying-Spring Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Tonggu; Small Intestence QianGu; Gallbladder Xiaxi; Large Intestence Erjian; Stomach Neiting; Sanjiao Yemen.
Shu-Stream Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Shugu; Small Intestence Houxi; Gallbladder Linqi; Large Intestence Sanjian; Stomach Xangu; Sanjiao Zhongzhu.
Jing-River Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Jinggu; Small Intestence Wangu; Gallbladder Qiuxu; Large Intestence Hegu; Stomach Chongyang; Sanjiao Yangchi.
He-Sea Points of the Six Fu: Bladder Weizhong; Small Intestence Xiaohai; Gallbladder Yanglingquan; Large Intestence Quchi; Stomach Zusanli; Sanjiao Tianjing.
Orifices of the Five Zang: Kidney opens into the ears (and two yin orifices); Heart opens into the tongue (mouth); Liver opens into the eyes; Lung opens into the nose; Spleen opens into the lips.
Nourishment of the Five Zang: Kidney nourishes bones (stores essence); Heart nourishes blood (governs vessels); Liver nourishes tendons; Lung nourishes skin and hair (governs qi); Spleen nourishes muscles.
Fluids of the Five Zang: Kidney produces saliva; Heart produces sweat; Liver produces tears; Lung produces mucus; Spleen produces drool.
Sounds of the Five Zang: Kidney groans (or belches); Heart speaks; Liver shouts; Lung cries; Spleen sings.
Qi Sounds of the Five Zang: Kidney blows; Heart calls; Liver coos; Lung whistles; Spleen sighs.
Spirit of the Five Zang: Kidney stores Will (Zhi/Essence); Heart stores Spirit (Shen); Liver stores Ethereal Soul (Hun/Blood); Lung stores Corporeal Soul (Po/Qi); Spleen stores Intent (Yi/Wisdom).
Excess Syndromes of the Five Zang: Kidney excess manifests as abdominal distension; Heart excess manifests as uncontrollable laughter; Liver excess manifests as anger; Lung excess manifests as panting and仰息 (breathing with head thrown back); Spleen excess manifests as difficulty in urination and defecation.
Deficiency Syndromes of the Five Zang: Kidney deficiency manifests as cold extremities (JueNi); Heart deficiency manifests as sorrow (or grief); Liver deficiency manifests as fear; Lung deficiency manifests as shortness of breath and weak qi; Spleen deficiency manifests as inability to use the limbs.
Emotions Related to the Six Fu: Gallbladder relates to aversion and sadness; Stomach relates to anxiety and worry; Large Intestine relates to joy; Small Intestine relates to awe and anger; Bladder relates to happiness and foolishness; Sanjiao relates to greed and ruthlessness. (Note: The text lists complex emotional associations).
Eight Natures: Desire and taboo; Friendship; Compassion (or benevolence/sorrow); Righteousness (or uprightness); Public spirit vs. Selfishness (resentment).
Five Constants: Wisdom (Planning); Propriety (Philosophy); Benevolence (Solemnity); Righteousness; Trustworthiness (Holiness).
Five Affairs: Hearing (Acuity); Seeing (Clarity); Countenance (Respectfulness); Speech (Compliance); Thought (Wisdom).
Five Faults: Haste; Indecision; Madness; Transgression; Ignorance.
Five Musical Notes: Chanting; Loud calling; Satire; Singing; Song.
Five Pitch Standards: Yu (48 strings); Zhi (54 strings); Jue (64 strings); Shang (72 strings); Gong (81 strings).
Five Colors: Black; Red; Green/Cyan; White; Yellow.
Five Flavors: Salty; Bitter; Sour; Pungent; Sweet.
Five Odors: Rotten; Scorched; Musky; Fishy; Fragrant.
Five Suitable Flavors (Child supporting Mother): Sour; Sweet; Bitter; Salty; Pungent.
Five Unwanted Flavors: Sweet; Salty; Pungent; Bitter; Sour.
Five Unwanted Qi: Dryness; Heat; Wind; Cold; Dampness.
Five Numbers: One (paired with Six); Two (paired with Seven); Three (paired with Eight); Four (paired with Nine); Five (paired with Ten).
Five Elements: Water; Fire; Wood; Metal; Earth.
Five Seasons: Winter; Summer; Spring; Autumn; Late Summer (Ji Xia).
Five Shapes (External correspondence to Five Elements, Internal reflection of Five Zang images): Curved; Sharp (Dui); Straight; Square; Round.
Five Livestock: Pig (Wai Tai Yi Fang says: Pig, Rat); Sheep (Wai Tai Yi Fang says: Snake, Horse); Chicken (Wai Tai Yi Fang says: Tiger, Rabbit); Dog (Wai Tai Yi Fang says: Monkey, Chicken); Cow (Wai Tai Yi Fang says: Dragon, Sheep, Dog, Cow).
Five Grains: Soybean; Wheat; Hemp; Rice (Yellow Millet); Ji (Millet).
Five Fruits: Chestnut; Apricot; Plum; Peach; Jujube.
Five Vegetables: Broad bean leaves; Wild leek; Garlic chives; Scallion; Mallow.
Discussion: If we designate the Kidney, Heart, Liver, Lung, and Spleen as the Zang organs, then the Bladder, Small Intestine, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, and Stomach are designated as the Fu organs. The Foot Shaoyin meridian belongs to the Kidney, and the Foot Taiyang meridian belongs to the Bladder. From here down to the Five Zang, Five Fruits, and Five Vegetables, one should extend knowledge by analogy, following this pattern for all other correspondences. (Note: The Wai Tai Mi Yao added twenty-three items later, which were not part of the original Qian Jin Fang, so they are not included here.)