治脱肛。
香附子 荆芥穗(各半两) 缩砂(二钱半)
上为细末,每服三钱,与煎薤白汤调服。
上用蛤蟆皮一片,烧付患处。一方瓶内烧熏。
上用生铁五斤,水一斗,煮取五升,出铁以汁洗,日再,无不瘥,并烧矾石粉之,则亦
良。
治肛门痒,或出脓血,有虫旁生孔窍内。
蜣螂(七枚,五月五日收,去翅足,炙为末) 新牛粪(半两) 肥羊肉(一两,炒令
香)
上共如膏,丸如莲子大,炙令热,以新绵薄裹,内下部中半日,少吃饭,即大便中虫出
,三五度永瘥。
治谷道 赤肿,又痒方。
上用杏仁捣作膏敷之。一方熬令黄,捣,以绵蘸涂谷道中。
上用木鳖子,去壳取肉,四五枚,研如泥,安新瓦器或木盆,以沸汤冲动洗了,另用少
许涂患处。
《内经》云∶风气与太阳行诸脉俞,散于分肉之间,与卫气相干,其道不利,故使肌肉
而有疡,卫气有所凝而不行,故其肉有不仁也。疠者有荣卫热 ,其气不清,故使鼻柱
坏而色败,皮肤疡溃,风寒客于脉而不去,名曰疠风,以其酷热曝悍可畏耳。夫人患此病者
,先分在上在下,所感之处,古方治以在上者,以醉仙散,取其臭涎恶血,于齿缝中出;在
下者,以通天再造散,取恶物陈虫,于谷道中出。然此邪毒,药虽攻出,其源尚在经络,受
病于阳明之经。凡治此病,先观患人身上疙瘩与疮。若先见于上者,或下体多者,或上下同
得者,或下而复在上者,乃阳明胃经也,是以无物不受,此其湿热浸渍经络。久则虚,使风
入于人也,气受之则在上多,血受之则在下多,气血俱受甚重,非医之神手,能起此病者鲜
矣。有或从上,或从下,以渐而来者,皆是可治之病。人见其病势缓,多忽之,若能摄养,
保和得宜,鲜有不愈者也。若不能绝滋味,远色欲,皆不免再发,则终于不能救矣。前人曾
治五人中间,唯一妇人得免而疾安,以其贫甚,无物可吃,欲啖无从所觅,余四人不能禁忌
,妄许者三二年后皆再发而危。孙真人云∶吾常治四五百人,终无一人免于死。非孙真人不
能治也,盖无一人能守禁忌耳,此一妇人本病外因,又服三五百服加减四物汤,半年之上,
方得月经行,十分安愈。若人患此,鼻柱坏烂,肌肉疡溃,游思知阳明经分受风木之邪也明
矣,不可泥于风寒而已。内有臭涎恶血、陈虫恶物之类者,又何为而致然也?盖谓厥阴主生
五虫,其相火热甚而制金,金衰故木来侮,肺受热而气不清矣。况血随气运,涎随气降,气
既不能施化,则血聚而涎积矣。血聚久则污恶,涎积久则臭浊,湿涎热血相为熏蒸,久则肌
肉溃烂而生虫,治之使邪出于齿缝大肠之间者,乃是阳明经之道路也。盖真土败木贼之 宜
乎,况又不能守戒忌者欤!此丹溪先生所以痛言之深也。大风病是受天地间杀物之风,古为
疠风,可不畏哉!《三因方》之所载,此其恶疾者是也,虽名曰风,未必因风所得。大率多
嗜色欲,劳动气血,热发汗泄,不避邪风冷湿,使淫气与卫气相干,致肌肉皮肤疡溃,鼻梁
塌坏。《千金方》云∶所谓自作不仁,极猥之业,虽有悔言,而无悔心,良可叹也!然亦有
传染者,原其所因,皆夫妇不知禁忌,因而不避风寒暑湿之气,因虚邪入经络,久则渐成斯
疾。又有劳役饮食,涎结于胃,流入经络,风湿相搏,致使风痒,不可一例作疠风治之,则
误矣。《内经》云∶脉风成为疠,俗云癞病也,先桦皮散,从少至多,服三五七日,灸承浆
穴七壮,灸疮轻再灸,疮愈三灸之,后服二圣散泄热,祛血中之风邪,戒房室三年,病愈药
灸同止。述类右形,此治肺风之法也。《灵枢》云∶疠风数刺其肿上,已,刺以锐针,针其
处,按出其恶气;肿尽乃止。常食方食,勿食他食,以犯其病。且癞病古今以为难治之证,
前人救生民之病苦,置诸方论,详备于象,后之学人,诚心鉴诸。
治疗脱肛。
香附子、荆芥穗(各半两)、缩砂(二钱半)
以上药材研成细末,每次服用三钱,用煎煮的薤白汤调服。
另外取一片蛤蟆皮,烧焦后敷在患处。另一种方法是将蛤蟆皮放在瓶内燃烧,利用烟雾熏蒸患处。
另外取生铁五斤,水一斗,煮至剩余五升,取出铁块,用剩下的药汁清洗肛门,每日两次,没有不痊愈的。同时烧制矾石粉撒在患处,效果也很好。
治疗脱肛且局部无热象者。
取上述木贼烧至存性(保留药物本性),研成粉末,撒在肛门上,并按压固定。
治疗肛门瘙痒,或流出脓血,有虫在旁侧孔窍内滋生。
蜣螂(七枚,农历五月五日采集,去掉翅膀和足,炙烤后研成粉末)、新牛粪(半两)、肥羊肉(一两,炒至散发香味)
以上三种材料共同熬制成膏状,制成如莲子大小的丸剂,加热后,用新棉布薄薄包裹,塞入下部(肛门)约半天时间,期间少吃饭,不久大便中的虫就会排出,经过三到五次治疗即可永久痊愈。
治疗肛门红肿、瘙痒的方子。
取杏仁捣碎成膏状外敷。另一种方法是将其熬至黄色,捣碎,用棉签蘸取涂抹于肛门内。
取木鳖子,去壳取肉,四五枚,研磨成泥状,放入新的瓦器或木盆中,用沸水冲烫清洗后,另取少量涂抹在患处。
《内经》说:风气随着太阳经运行于各个脉俞,散布在分肉之间,与卫气相互干扰,导致经络通道不畅,因此肌肉出现疮疡;卫气有所凝滞而不能正常运行,所以肌肉会出现麻木不仁的现象。疠风是由于营卫热气炽盛,其气不清净,所以导致鼻梁塌陷、面色败坏,皮肤发生溃疡溃烂。风寒邪气客居在经脉中而不离去,称为疠风,因为其酷热暴悍令人畏惧。大凡患此病的人,首先要区分病位在上部还是下部,以及感受邪气的具体部位。古方治疗时,对于病位在上部的,使用醉仙散,目的是让臭涎和恶血从齿缝中排出;对于病位在下部的,使用通天再造散,目的是让恶物和陈年死虫从肛门排出。然而这种邪毒,虽然通过药物攻逐排出,但其根源仍在经络,受病在于阳明经。凡是治疗此病,先观察患者身上的疙瘩和疮疡。如果先出现在上部,或者下部较多,或者上下同时患病,或者下部好了又出现在上部,这属于阳明胃经的病证,因为阳明经无所不受,这是湿热浸渍经络所致。时间久了会导致正气虚弱,使风邪侵入人体,气受邪则病位多在上部,血受邪则病位多在下部,若气血俱受且病情严重,如果不是医术高明的医生,能治愈此病的就很少了。有的病势从上往下发展,或从下往上发展,逐渐形成的,都是可治之病。人们看到病势缓慢,往往忽视它,如果能注意调养,保养得当,很少有不能痊愈的。如果不能戒除美味佳肴,远离色欲,都难免再次发作,最终就无法救治了。前人曾治疗五人,中间只有一位妇人得以免除疾病而安康,因为她非常贫穷,没有什么可吃的,想寻找食物也无从觅得,其余四人都不能遵守禁忌,妄自饮食,两三年后都再次发作而导致危重。孙思邈说:我常常治疗四五百人,最终没有一个人能免于死亡。并不是孙真人不能治病,而是因为没有人能遵守禁忌罢了。这一位妇人除了外在病因外,又服用了三四百副加减四物汤,半年以上,才使得月经来潮,完全康复痊愈。如果有人患此病,鼻梁塌陷腐烂,肌肉溃疡溃烂,显然可知是阳明经分受了风木之邪,不可拘泥于仅仅是风寒所致。体内有臭涎、恶血、陈年死虫等恶物,又是为什么导致的呢?这是因为厥阴肝主生五虫,相火火热太甚而克制肺金,金气衰弱故肝木来侮,肺受热邪而气不清净。况且血随气运行,涎随气下降,气既然不能正常施化,那么血就会聚积而涎液也会积聚。血聚久了就会污秽恶臭,涎积久了就会臭浊,湿涎热血相互熏蒸,时间久了肌肉就会溃烂而生虫,治疗时使邪气从齿缝和大肠之间排出,这正是阳明经的道路。大概是因为真土(脾胃)败坏,木贼(肝木)乘虚而入,更何况又不能遵守禁忌的人呢!这就是丹溪先生所以痛切地深入阐述的原因。大风病是受到天地间杀伐之气的风邪,古代称为疠风,能不敬畏吗?《三因方》中所记载的,就是这种恶疾,虽然名为风,未必真的是因风邪所得。大体上多是嗜好色欲,劳动气血,发热出汗泄气,不躲避邪风冷湿,导致淫气与卫气相互干扰,致使肌肉皮肤溃疡溃烂,鼻梁塌陷毁坏。《千金方》说:所谓自作孽,极其卑劣的行为,虽然有后悔的话,但没有后悔的心,实在令人叹息!然而也有传染的情况,推究其原因,都是因为夫妇不知禁忌,因而不能躲避风寒暑湿之气,因虚邪进入经络,时间久了逐渐形成这种疾病。又有因劳役饮食不当,涎液结聚于胃,流入经络,风湿相搏,致使风痒,不可一概当作疠风来治疗,否则就会误诊。《内经》说:脉中风邪成为疠风,俗称癞病。先用桦皮散,从少到多,服用三到七天,灸承浆穴七壮,如果灸疮较轻再灸,疮愈合后再灸三次,之后服用二圣散以泄热,祛除血中的风邪,禁止房事三年,病愈后停止用药和艾灸。叙述此类病症的外形,这是治疗肺风的方法。《灵枢》说:疠风多次针刺其肿胀处,待症状缓解后,用锐针针刺患处,按压排出恶气;直到肿胀消退为止。平时吃正常的食物,不要吃其他食物,以免触犯病情。而且癞病古今都认为是不易治疗的证候,前人为了拯救百姓的痛苦,放置各种方论,详细完备地记录在案,后来的学医之人,诚心借鉴参考。
To treat rectal prolapse.
Xiangfu Zi (Cyperi Rhizoma), Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) (each 0.5 liang), Suosha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) (2.5 qian).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Take 3 qian each time, mixed and taken with decocted Xiubai Tang (Scallion White Decoction).
Alternatively, take one piece of Bufonidis Cutis (toad skin), burn it until charred, and apply it to the affected area. Another method is to burn the toad skin in a bottle and fumigate the affected area with the smoke.
Alternatively, take 5 jin of raw iron and 1 dou of water, boil until reduced to 5 sheng. Remove the iron and wash the anus with the remaining liquid twice daily; recovery is assured. Additionally, burning Bingshan Huaishi (Alumen) into powder and applying it to the area is also effective.
To treat rectal prolapse without heat signs.
Take Muzei (Equiseti Herba) burned to retain its properties (Cun Xing), grind into powder, sprinkle on the anus, and press gently.
To treat anal pruritus, or discharge of pus and blood, with worms breeding in adjacent orifices.
Qianglang (Scarabaei Splanchnus) (7 pieces, collected on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, wings and legs removed, roasted and ground into powder), Xin Niufen (Fresh Bovis Stercus) (0.5 liang), Fei Yangrou (Fatty Ovis/Capis Carco) (1 liang, stir-fried until fragrant).
Combine the above ingredients and simmer into a paste. Form pills the size of lotus seeds. Heat the pills, wrap thinly in new cotton, and insert into the lower orifice (anus) for half a day. Eat sparingly during this time. The worms will soon be expelled in the stool. After three to five treatments, permanent cure can be achieved.
A formula for treating anal redness, swelling, and itching.
Crush Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) into a paste and apply externally. Alternatively, simmer until yellow, crush, and use a cotton swab dipped in the substance to apply inside the anus.
Take Muguezi (Strychni Semen), remove the shell, and take the meat of 4-5 seeds. Grind into a mud-like consistency. Place in a new ceramic vessel or wooden basin. Rinse with boiling water. Apply a small amount to the affected area separately.
The *Neijing* states: Wind pathogen travels along the Taiyang meridians to various Shu points, dispersing between the muscle layers. It interferes with Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), obstructing the pathways, thus causing ulcers in the muscles. When Wei Qi stagnates and fails to circulate, the flesh becomes insensate (numb). Leprosy (Li Feng) arises from excessive heat in Ying and Wei Qi, resulting in turbid Qi. This causes the nasal bridge to collapse and complexion to deteriorate, with skin ulcers and suppuration. When wind-cold pathogens lodge in the meridians and do not depart, it is called Leprosy, due to its fierce and terrifying nature. Generally, when suffering from this disease, one must first distinguish whether the pathology is upper or lower, and the specific location of the pathogenic invasion. Ancient formulas treated upper cases with Zuixian San (Intoxicating Immortal Powder) to expel foul saliva and evil blood through the teeth gaps; lower cases were treated with Tongtian Zaizao San (Sky-Penetrating Rebirth Powder) to expel evil matter and old worms through the anus. However, although these drugs attack and expel the toxin, the root remains in the meridians, specifically affecting the Yangming Meridian. In treating this disease, first observe the nodules and sores on the patient's body. If they appear first in the upper body, or are more numerous in the lower body, or affect both simultaneously, or recur in the upper after resolving in the lower, it belongs to the Yangming Stomach Meridian, as this meridian accepts all pathogens. This is caused by damp-heat soaking the meridians. Over time, deficiency develops, allowing wind to invade. If Qi is affected, the disease manifests mostly in the upper body; if Blood is affected, it manifests mostly in the lower body. If both Qi and Blood are severely affected, few physicians skilled enough can cure this disease. Cases developing gradually from top to bottom or bottom to top are treatable. People often ignore the slow progression of the disease. If proper care and regulation are maintained, few fail to recover. However, if one cannot abstain from rich flavors and sexual desires, relapse is inevitable, leading to untreatable conditions. Former physicians treated five patients; only one woman recovered because she was extremely poor, had no food to eat, and could not find anything to consume. The other four failed to observe dietary restrictions, indulging in improper foods, and relapsed within two to three years, becoming critical. Sun Simiao said: "I have treated hundreds of patients, yet none survived." It is not that Sun Simiao could not cure them, but that no one observed the necessary taboos. This woman, besides external factors, took hundreds of doses of modified Siwu Tang over more than half a year, eventually restoring menstruation and achieving full recovery. If a patient suffers from nasal bridge collapse and rotting, with muscle ulcers, it is clear that the Yangming Meridian has been invaded by wind-wood pathogens. One should not rigidly attribute it solely to wind-cold. Why are there foul salivas, evil blood, and old worms? This is because Jueyin (Liver) governs the generation of five types of worms. When Ministerial Fire is excessively hot, it controls Metal (Lung). With Metal weakened, Wood insults it. The Lung receives heat, and its Qi becomes turbid. Furthermore, Blood follows Qi movement, and Saliva follows Qi descent. If Qi fails to transform properly, Blood accumulates and Saliva gathers. Long-term Blood accumulation becomes foul and evil; long-term Saliva accumulation becomes turbid. Damp-Saliva and Hot-Blood steam each other, causing muscle decay and worm generation over time. Treating by expelling pathogens through the teeth gaps and large intestine is utilizing the pathway of the Yangming Meridian. Essentially, True Earth (Spleen/Stomach) fails, allowing Wood to invade. How much more so for those who cannot keep taboos! This is why Master Danxi spoke so profoundly about this. The Great Wind Disease is caused by killing winds from heaven and earth, anciently known as Leprosy. Should we not fear it? The *San Yin Fang* records this as a malignant disease. Although named "Wind," it may not necessarily be acquired from wind. Generally, it stems from excessive sexual desire, labor damaging Qi and Blood, sweating from fever, and failure to avoid evil wind, cold, and dampness. This leads to obscene Qi interfering with Wei Qi, causing muscle and skin ulcers and nasal collapse. The *Qianjin Fang* states: "This is self-inflicted cruelty, the most despicable acts. Though there are words of regret, there is no heart of repentance, truly lamentable!" However, there are also contagious cases. Investigating the cause, couples fail to observe taboos, failing to avoid wind-cold, summer-heat, and dampness. Deficient pathogens enter the meridians, and over time, this disease gradually forms. There are also cases due to overwork and improper diet, where Saliva condenses in the Stomach, flows into meridians, and combines with wind-dampness to cause itching. These cannot all be treated as Leprosy, or it would be a misdiagnosis. The *Neijing* states: "Wind in the pulse becomes Leprosy," commonly known as Lepra. First, administer Huapi San (Birch Bark Powder), increasing dosage gradually over 3-7 days. Then moxa the Chengjiang acupoint (CV24) seven times. If the moxa blister is mild, moxa again; if healed, moxa three more times. Afterwards, administer Ersheng San (Two Sage Powder) to drain heat and expel wind pathogens from the blood. Abstain from sexual intercourse for three years. Stop medication and moxibustion upon recovery. Describing the physical form of this category, this is the method for treating Lung Wind. The *Ling Shu* states: "For Leprosy, repeatedly needle the swollen areas. Once alleviated, use a sharp needle to puncture the site and press out the evil Qi; stop when swelling subsides." Maintain normal diet, avoid other foods that might aggravate the condition. Since Lepra has always been considered difficult to treat, former physicians, aiming to save people from suffering, compiled various formulas and discussions, detailing them thoroughly. Future students of medicine should sincerely learn from these records.