夫目有五轮，属乎五脏。五轮者，皆五脏之精华所发，名之曰“轮”，其像如车轮圆转
运动之意也。上下眼胞，属乎脾土，应中央，戊己辰戌丑未也，脾主肉，故曰肉轮。脾土
主乎运动，磨化水谷，外应目之两胞，动静相应，开则万用，如阳动之发生，闭则万寂，如
阴静之收敛，象土能藏万物而主静，故脾一合，则万有寂然而思睡，藏纳归静之应也；目又
有两锐角，为目大小 ，属心火，应南方，丙丁巳午也，心主血，故曰血轮。人脏有大小二
心，故目 亦有大小二轮之别；其内白睛，则属肺金，应西方，庚辛申酉也，金为五行中之
最坚，故白睛亦坚于四轮，肺主气故曰气轮；白睛内之青睛，则属肝木，应东方，甲乙寅卯
也，木在四时为春，春生万卉，其色青莹，目能鉴视，故目为肝木之窍，肝木主风，故曰风
轮；青睛之内一点黑莹者，则为瞳神，属乎肾水，应北方，壬癸亥子也，肾主水，故曰水轮
五轮之中，四轮不能视物，惟水轮普照无遗，神妙莫测，乃先天之精液，肇始之元灵，人
身之至宝，犹夫天之日月也，是以人之瞳神损者，不能治矣。
夫八廓应乎八卦，脉络经纬于脑，贯通脏腑，以达血气，往来滋养于目。廓者如城廓之
谓，各有门路往来，即匡廓卫御之意也。故干居西北，络通大肠之腑，脏属于肺，肺与大
肠相为脏腑，上连清纯，下输糟粕，为传送之官，故曰传送廓；坎正北方，络通膀胱之腑，
脏属于肾，肾与膀胱相为脏腑，主水之化源，以输津液，故曰津液廓；艮位东北，络通三焦
脏配命门，命门与三焦相为脏腑，会合诸阴，分输百脉，故曰会阴廓；震正东方，络通胆
之腑，脏属于肝，肝胆相为脏腑，皆主清净，不受秽浊，故曰清净廓；巽位东南，络通中焦
之腑，脏配心胞，心胞与中焦相为脏腑，胞络营血，以滋养中焦，分气以化生，故曰养化廓
离属正南，络通小肠之腑，脏属于心，心与小肠相为脏腑，为诸阴受盛之胞，故曰胞阳廓
坤位西南，络通于胃之腑，脏属于脾，脾胃相为脏腑，土纳水谷以养生，故曰水谷廓；兑
正西方，络通下焦之腑，脏配肾络，肾与下焦相为脏腑，关主阴精化生之源，故曰关泉廓。
脏腑之相配，古圣《内经》已有定法，而三焦独重肝肾二络者，此目之配法，盖目专窍于肝
而主于肾，故有二络之专主也。左目属阳，阳道顺行，故廓之经络法象，亦以顺行。右目
属阴，阴道逆行，故廓之经络法象，亦以逆行。察乎二目、两 之分，则昭然可明阴阳顺逆
之道矣。
眼睛有五轮，分别归属于五脏。五轮，都是五脏精华所发露出来的表现，称之为“轮”，它的形象如同车轮圆转运动的意思。上下眼睑，归属于脾土，对应中央方位，天干为戊己，地支为辰戌丑未；脾主肌肉，所以称为肉轮。脾土主管运动，磨碎消化水谷，外部对应眼睛的两个眼睑，动静相互呼应，睁开时万物可用，如同阳气发动而生机发生；闭合时万物寂静，如同阴气静止而收敛，象征土能藏纳万物而主静，所以脾的功能一旦结合（指睡眠时），万物便寂静下来进入思睡状态，这是藏纳归于安静的应验；眼睛又有两个锐角，即内外眼角，归属于心火，对应南方方位，天干为丙丁，地支为巳午；心主血，所以称为血轮。人的内脏有大小二心的说法，所以眼睛也有内外两轮的区分；其中的白睛部分，则归属于肺金，对应西方方位，天干为庚辛，地支为申酉；金是五行中最坚硬的，所以白睛也比其他四轮更坚硬，肺主气，所以称为气轮；白睛里面的青睛（黑眼珠），则归属于肝木，对应东方方位，天干为甲乙，地支为寅卯；木在四季中对应春季，春天生长百花，其颜色青翠晶莹，眼睛能够鉴察视物，所以眼睛是肝木的窍道，肝木主风，所以称为风轮；青睛里面一点黑色晶莹的部分，就是瞳神，归属于肾水，对应北方方位，天干为壬癸，地支为亥子；肾主水，所以称为水轮。在五轮之中，四轮不能视物，只有水轮（瞳神）普照无遗，神妙莫测，它是先天的精液，肇始的元灵，人身间的至宝，就像天上的日月一样，所以如果人的瞳神受损，就无法治疗了。
八廓对应八卦，脉络经纬连接于脑，贯通脏腑，以通达气血，往来滋养眼睛。廓，就像城廓的意思，各有门路往来，也就是匡廓卫御的意思。所以乾卦位于西北，络脉通大肠之腑，脏归属于肺，肺与大肠互为表里，上连清纯之气，下输糟粕，是传送的官职，所以称为传送廓；坎卦正处北方，络脉通膀胱之腑，脏归属于肾，肾与膀胱互为表里，主管水的化源，以输送津液，所以称为津液廓；艮卦位于东北，络脉通三焦，脏配命门，命门与三焦互为表里，会合诸阴经，分输百脉，所以称为会阴廓；震卦正处东方，络脉通胆之腑，脏归属于肝，肝胆互为表里，都主管清净，不受秽浊之气，所以称为清净廓；巽卦位于东南，络脉通中焦之腑，脏配心包，心包与中焦互为表里，心包络营血，以滋养中焦，分派气机以化生，所以称为养化廓；离卦属正南，络脉通小肠之腑，脏归属于心，心与小肠互为表里，是诸阴受盛之胞，所以称为胞阳廓；坤卦位于西南，络脉通胃之腑，脏归属于脾，脾胃互为表里，土纳水谷以养生，所以称为水谷廓；兑卦正处西方，络脉通下焦之腑，脏配肾络，肾与下焦互为表里，关主阴精化生的源头，所以称为关泉廓。脏腑的相配关系，古代圣人的《内经》已有定法，而唯独强调三焦与肝肾两络的关系，这是因为眼睛的配法，大概是因为眼睛专门开窍于肝而主宰于肾，所以有两络的专主作用。左目属于阳，阳道顺行，所以廓的经络法象，也是以顺行排列。右目属于阴，阴道逆行，所以廓的经络法象，也是以逆行排列。观察两眼、左右之分，那么阴阳顺逆的道理就昭然可明了。
The eyes possess five wheels (Wulun, the five functional zones of the eye), which correspond to the five Zang organs. The five wheels are all manifestations of the essence of the five Zang organs. They are named "wheels" because their imagery resembles the round rotation and movement of a wheel. The upper and lower eyelids correspond to Spleen Earth, aligning with the Central direction, associated with Heavenly Stems Wu and Ji, and Earthly Branches Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei. The Spleen governs flesh, thus it is called the Flesh Wheel (Rou Lun). Spleen Earth governs movement, grinding and transforming food and drink. Externally, it corresponds to the two eyelids; their dynamic and static states respond to each other. When open, myriad functions arise, akin to Yang activation generating life; when closed, myriad things fall silent, akin to Yin stillness gathering in. This symbolizes that Earth can store myriad things and governs stillness. Thus, when the Spleen's function integrates (during sleep), myriad things become silent and one feels sleepy, reflecting the response of storing and returning to stillness. The two sharp corners of the eyes, i.e., the inner and outer canthi, correspond to Heart Fire, aligning with the Southern direction, associated with Heavenly Stems Bing and Ding, and Earthly Branches Si and Wu. The Heart governs Blood, thus it is called the Blood Wheel (Xue Lun). As there is a concept of "two hearts" (the physical heart and the spirit/mind aspect) in human viscera, the eyes also have a distinction between inner and outer wheels. The white part of the eye (Sclera/Conjunctiva) corresponds to Lung Metal, aligning with the Western direction, associated with Heavenly Stems Geng and Xin, and Earthly Branches Shen and You. Metal is the hardest among the Five Elements, thus the white part of the eye is harder than the other four wheels. The Lung governs Qi, thus it is called the Qi Wheel (Qi Lun). The greenish-black part within the white part (Cornea/Iris), known as Qing Jing, corresponds to Liver Wood, aligning with the Eastern direction, associated with Heavenly Stems Jia and Yi, and Earthly Branches Yin and Mao. Wood corresponds to Spring in the four seasons; in spring, myriad flowers grow, and its color is clear and emerald green. Since the eyes enable vision, the eyes are considered the orifice of Liver Wood. The Liver governs Wind, thus it is called the Wind Wheel (Feng Lun). The single black, lustrous point within the Qing Jing is the Pupil (Tong Shen), corresponding to Kidney Water, aligning with the Northern direction, associated with Heavenly Stems Ren and Gui, and Earthly Branches Hai and Zi. The Kidney governs Water, thus it is called the Water Wheel (Shui Lun). Among the five wheels, the four cannot see objects; only the Water Wheel (Pupil) illuminates everything without omission, being mysterious and unfathomable. It is the primordial essence fluid from pre-heaven, the original spirit at the beginning, the supreme treasure of the human body, akin to the sun and moon in the sky. Therefore, if a person's pupil is damaged, it cannot be treated.
The Eight Palaces (Baguo, the eight sectors of the eye) correspond to the Eight Trigrams. Their meridians and collaterals weave through the brain, connecting the Zang and Fu organs, reaching the blood and Qi, and circulating to nourish the eyes. "Palace" refers to city walls, implying distinct pathways for entry and exit, signifying protection and defense. Qian is located in the northwest, its collaterals connecting to the Large Intestine Fu organ, while the corresponding Zang organ is the Lung. The Lung and Large Intestine are interior-exterior paired organs. The Lung connects upwards to pure qi and transports downwards waste products, serving as the official of transmission; thus, it is called the Transmission Palace (Chuansong Guo). Kan is located due north, its collaterals connecting to the Bladder Fu organ, while the corresponding Zang organ is the Kidney. The Kidney and Bladder are interior-exterior paired organs, governing the source of water transformation and transporting body fluids; thus, it is called the Body Fluid Palace (Jinye Guo). Gen is located in the northeast, its collaterals connecting to the San Jiao (Triple Burner), with the Ming Men (Gate of Life) as the corresponding Zang aspect. The Ming Men and San Jiao are interior-exterior paired organs, converging the Yin meridians and distributing to the hundred vessels; thus, it is called the Convergence of Yin Palace (Huiyin Guo). Zhen is located due east, its collaterals connecting to the Gallbladder Fu organ, while the corresponding Zang organ is the Liver. The Liver and Gallbladder are interior-exterior paired organs, both governing purity and clarity, rejecting turbidity; thus, it is called the Purity and Clarity Palace (Qingjing Guo). Xun is located in the southeast, its collaterals connecting to the Middle Jiao Fu organ, with the Pericardium (Xin Bao) as the corresponding Zang aspect. The Pericardium and Middle Jiao are interior-exterior paired organs. The Pericardium network manages Ying (Nutrient) Blood to nourish the Middle Jiao and distributes Qi to facilitate transformation and generation; thus, it is called the Nourishment and Transformation Palace (Yanghua Guo). Li belongs to due south, its collaterals connecting to the Small Intestine Fu organ, while the corresponding Zang organ is the Heart. The Heart and Small Intestine are interior-exterior paired organs, serving as the vessel receiving and holding the Yin; thus, it is called the Vessel of Yang Palace (Baoyang Guo). Kun is located in the southwest, its collaterals connecting to the Stomach Fu organ, while the corresponding Zang organ is the Spleen. The Spleen and Stomach are interior-exterior paired organs. Earth accepts food and drink to sustain life; thus, it is called the Food and Drink Palace (Shuigu Guo). Dui is located due west, its collaterals connecting to the Lower Jiao Fu organ, with the Kidney network as the corresponding Zang aspect. The Kidney and Lower Jiao are interior-exterior paired organs, guarding the source of Yin Essence transformation; thus, it is called the Gate of Spring Palace (Guanquan Guo). The pairing of Zang and Fu organs has established methods in the ancient sage's *Nei Jing* (Inner Canon). However, the emphasis on the San Jiao and the two networks of the Liver and Kidney in this context is because the eye's configuration specifically opens into the Liver and is governed by the Kidney, hence the special dominance of these two networks. The left eye belongs to Yang, and the path of Yang proceeds clockwise; thus, the meridian and collateral patterns of the palaces also proceed clockwise. The right eye belongs to Yin, and the path of Yin proceeds counter-clockwise; thus, the meridian and collateral patterns of the palaces also proceed counter-clockwise. By observing the distinction between the two eyes and the left and right sides, the principles of Yin-Yang, clockwise, and counter-clockwise movements become clearly understandable.