《金丹秘诀》云∶一擦一兜,左右换手,九九之数,真阳不走。每于戍亥二时,阴旺阳衰之候,宜
解衣闭息,一手兜
外肾,一手擦脐下,左右换手,各兜擦九九之数,仍盘膝端坐,手齿俱固。先提玉茎,如忍小便状
,想我身中元精,自尾闾升上,直至泥丸,复过鹊桥,降至丹田,每行七次,精自固矣。
(愚按∶精者,人身真元之气,五官百骸之主,而神魂附之,以生者也。夫神犹火也,精犹油也,
油尽则灯灭,精竭则神亡。故精由气生,神由精附。固精之法,宜急讲也,半月固精,久行愈佳。)
人身入神,出入固无定在。迨病者,穷思极想,又有甚焉。若能行功,则神随气转,不虑其他出
,否则难乎其有定在也。故恒时必须常想玄关,思睡必须常想鼻准,如是则神不外驰而定矣。
(愚按∶神外无心,心外无道,道即神之主,心即神之宅也。然心外无道,故收放心,即神定而道
在。孟子谓∶学问之道无他,求其放心而已。夫放心而知求,则志气清明,义理昭着。此定神之功验也
。今之养病者,日思丹田,思鼻准,亦收放心之法也。不曰收放心,而曰定神。盖游心千里,无有定在
,此皆神之外出,故曰定神。以上三条,乃却病修养之大纲,外有导引等法,详具于后。)
叩齿一 齿为筋骨之余,常宜叩击,使筋骨活动,心神清爽。每次叩击三十六数。
咽津二 将舌舐上 ,久则津生满口,盒饭咽之,咽下 然有声,使灌溉五脏,降火甚捷。咽数
以多为妙。
浴面三 将两手自相摩热,覆面擦之,如浴面之状,则须发不白,即升冠鬓不斑之法,颜如童矣。
鸣天鼓四 将两手掌掩两耳窍,先以第二指压中指,弹脑后骨上,左右各二十四次,去头脑疾。
运膏肓五 此穴在背上第四椎下,脊两旁各三寸。药力所不到,将两肩扭转二七次。治一身诸疾。
托天六 以两手握拳,以鼻收气运至泥丸,即向天托起,随放左右膝上,每行三次。去胸腹中邪气。
左右开弓七 此法要闭气,将左手伸直,右手作攀弓状,以两目看右手,左右各三次。泻三焦火
,可以去臂腋风邪积气。
摩丹田八 法将左手托肾囊,右手摩丹田,三十六次。然后左手转换如前法,暖肾补精。
擦内肾穴九 此法要闭气,将两手搓热,向背后擦肾堂及近脊命门穴,左右各三十六次。
擦涌泉穴十 法用左手把住左脚,以右手擦左脚心,左右交换,各三十六次。
摩夹脊穴十一 此穴在背脊之下,大便之上,统会一身之气血,运之大有益,并可疗痔。
洒腿十二 足不运则气血不和,行走不能爽快,须将左足立定,右足提起,洒七次,左右交换如前。
右十二段,乃运导按摩之法,古圣相传,却病延年,明白显易,尽人可行。庄子曰∶呼吸吐纳,
熊经鸟伸,为寿而已矣。此导引之士,养形之人,彭祖寿考者之所好也。由是传之至今,其法自
修养家书及医经所载,种数颇多,又节取要约,切近者十六则,合前十二段参之,各法大概备矣。
凡行功每于子后寅前,此时气清腹虚,行之有效。先须两目垂帘,披衣端坐,两手握固趺坐,
当以左足后跟,曲顶肾茎根下动处,不令精窍漏泄耳。两手当屈两大指抵食指根,余四指捻定大
指,是为两手握固。然后叩齿三十通,即以两手抱项,左右宛转二十四次。(此可去两胁积聚之邪)
。复以两手相叉,虚空托天,反手按顶二十四。(此可除胸膈中病)。复以两手心掩两耳,却以第
二指弹脑后枕骨二十四。(此可除风池邪气)。复以两手相促,按左膝左捩身,按右膝右捩身,各二十
四。(此可去肝家风邪)。复以两手一向前一向后,如挽五石弓状,二十四次。(此可去臂腋积邪。)
复大坐展两手扭项,左右反顾,肩膊随,二十四次。(此可去脾胃积邪)。复以两手握固,并拄两肋,
摆撼两肩,二十四。(此可去腰胁间之风邪)。复以两手交捶臂及膊,反捶背上连腰股,各十四。
(此可去四肢胸臆之邪)。复大坐斜身偏倚,两手齐向上如排天状,二十四,(此可去肺家积聚之邪。)
复大
坐伸足,以两手向前,低头扳足十二次。却钩所伸足,屈在膝上,按摩二十四。(此可去心包络间邪
气)。复以两手据地,缩身曲脊,向上十二举。(此可去心肝二经积邪)。复以起立据床,拔身向背
后视,左右各二十四。(此可去肾间风邪)。复起立徐行,两手握固,左足前踏,左手摆向前,右手
摆向后;右足前踏,右手摆向前,左手摆向后,二十四。(此可去两肩俞之邪)。复以手向背上相捉
,低身徐徐宛转,二十四。(此可去两肋之邪)。复以足相扭而行,前进十数步,后退十数。复高坐
伸足,将两足扭向内,复扭向外,各二十四。(此两条,可去两膝两足间风邪)。行此十六节讫,复
端坐垂帘,握固冥心,以舌舐上 ,搅取华池神水漱三十六次,作 声咽下,复闭气,想丹田之火
自下而上,遍烧身体内外,蒸热乃止。
(愚按∶老子导引四十二势,婆罗门导引十二势,赤松子导引十八势,钟离引八势,胡见素五熟
导引法十二势,在诸法中颇为妙解。然撮其功要,不过于此。学人能日行一二遍,久久体健身轻,百邪
皆除,不复疲倦矣)。
《金丹秘诀》中说:一手擦拭,一手兜住,左右手交替进行,共做九九八十一遍,真阳之气就不会流失。每逢戌时和亥时,这是阴气旺盛、阳气衰微的时候,适宜解开衣物,闭住呼吸,一只手兜住外肾(睾丸),另一只手擦拭脐下部位,左右手交替,各做兜擦九九八十一遍,然后盘腿端正坐好,双手握固,牙齿咬合固定。先提起阴茎,就像忍小便的样子,想象体内的元精,从尾闾穴升起向上,一直到达泥丸宫,再经过鹊桥,下降到丹田,每次这样运行七次,精气自然就会巩固了。
(我按语:精,是人身的真元之气,是五官和全身骨骼的主宰,神魂依附于它而生存。神好比火,精好比油,油尽则灯灭,精竭则神亡。所以精由气产生,神依附于精而存在。固精的方法,应当急切地讲求,坚持半个月固精,长久练习效果更佳。)
人的精神进入入静状态,出入本来没有固定的处所。等到生病的人,穷思极想,这种情况就更严重了。如果能够练习导引功法,那么神就会随着气转动,不必担心神会外散,否则就很难保持精神的安定。所以在日常修炼时必须常常观想玄关,想睡觉时必须常常观想鼻准(鼻尖),像这样精神就不会向外驰散而能安定下来。
(我按语:神之外没有心,心之外没有道,道就是神的主人,心就是神的居所。然而心之外没有道,所以收回放逸的心,神就能安定,道也就存在了。孟子说:学问之道没有别的,不过是找回那放逸的心罢了。既然知道要寻找放逸的心,那么志气就会清明,义理就会显著。这就是定神功夫的效验。现在养病的人,天天想着丹田,想着鼻准,也是收放心的一种方法。不叫收放心,而叫定神。因为心神游荡千里,没有固定的处所,这都是神的外出表现,所以叫定神。以上三条,是祛病修养的大纲,另外还有导引等方法,详细记载在后面。)
叩齿一:牙齿是筋骨之余气,经常应该叩击,使筋骨活动,心神清爽。每次叩击三十六下。
咽津二:用舌头舔舐上颚,久了津液就会生满口腔,应当吞咽下去,咽下时发出汩汩有声,使津液灌溉五脏,降火非常迅速。吞咽的次数以多为妙。
浴面三:将两手互相摩擦发热,覆盖在脸上擦拭,就像洗脸一样,那么须发就不会变白,这也是让两鬓不斑白的办法,面容像儿童一样红润。
鸣天鼓四:将两手掌掩住两耳窍,先用第二指压在中指上,弹击后脑骨上,左右各二十四次,可以去除头脑疾病。
运膏肓五:此穴在背上第四椎骨下方,脊柱两旁各三寸处。药物力量达不到的地方,将两肩扭转十四次(二七)。治疗全身各种疾病。
托天六:用两手握拳,用鼻子吸气运送到泥丸宫,随即向天空托起,然后放下放在左右膝盖上,每行三次。去除胸腹中的邪气。
左右开弓七:这个方法需要闭气,将左手伸直,右手作拉弓状,用两眼注视右手,左右各三次。泻去三焦的火气,可以去掉臂腋间的风邪积气。
摩丹田八:方法是将左手托住肾囊,右手按摩丹田,三十六次。然后左手转换像前面的方法一样,温暖肾脏补益精气。
擦内肾穴九:这个方法需要闭气,将两手搓热,向背后擦拭肾堂及靠近脊柱的命门穴,左右各三十六次。
擦涌泉穴十:方法是用左手握住左脚,用右手擦拭左脚心,左右交换,各三十六次。
摩夹脊穴十一:此穴在背脊之下,大便之上,统管一身的气血,运转它大有益处,并且可以治疗痔疮。
洒腿十二:足部不运动则气血不和,行走不能爽快,必须将左足立定,右足提起,甩动七次,左右交换像前面一样。
右边这十二段,是运导按摩的方法,古代圣人相传,可以祛病延年,明白浅显容易,人人都能实行。庄子说:呼吸吐纳,像熊攀树鸟伸展翅膀,是为了长寿罢了。这是导引之士,养形之人,彭祖那样长寿者所喜爱的。由此流传至今,其方法自然收录在修养家书籍及医经所载中,种类很多,又节取简要扼要、切近实用的十六则,与前面的十二段参合,各种方法大概都具备了。
凡是练习功法,每每在子时之后、寅时之前,此时清气充盈、腹部空虚,练习有效。必须先两目垂帘(半闭眼),披衣端正坐好,两手握固,盘腿而坐,应当用左足后跟,曲顶抵住肾茎根下的动处,不让精窍漏泄耳朵(此处原文可能有误,结合语境应为防止漏精或特定姿势描述,直译为:不让精窍漏泄即可,或者“耳”为衍文,但依指令忠实翻译,保留“耳”字或理解为动作终点,此处意译为:不让精窍漏泄)。两手应当屈曲两大指抵住食指根部,其余四指捻定大拇指,这叫两手握固。然后叩齿三十通,接着用两手抱项,左右宛转二十四次。(这可以去除两胁积聚的邪气)。再用两手交叉,虚空托天,反手按头顶二十四次。(这可以清除胸膈中的病症)。再用两手心掩住两耳,却用第二指弹击脑后枕骨二十四次。(这可以去除风池穴的邪气)。再用两手相促,按住左膝向左扭身,按住右膝向右扭身,各二十四次。(这可以去除肝经的风邪)。再用两手一向前一向后,像挽五石弓的样子,二十四次。(这可以去除臂腋间的积邪)。再大坐舒展两手扭颈,左右回顾,肩膀随之转动,二十四次。(这可以去除脾胃的积邪)。再用两手握固,并拄两肋,摆撼两肩,二十四次。(这可以去除腰胁间的风邪)。再用两手交叉捶打手臂及膊,反捶背上连腰股,各十四次。(这可以去除四肢胸臆的邪气)。再大坐斜身偏倚,两手齐向上像排天状,二十四次,(这可以去除肺家的积聚之邪)。再大坐伸足,用两手向前,低头扳足十二次。却钩住所伸的足,屈在膝上,按摩二十四次。(这可以去除心包络间的邪气)。再用两手据地,缩身曲脊,向上十二举。(这可以去除心肝二经的积邪)。再起身据床,拔身向背后视,左右各二十四次。(这可以去除肾间的风邪)。再起立慢行,两手握固,左足前踏,左手摆向前,右手摆向后;右足前踏,右手摆向前,左手摆向后,二十四次。(这可以去除两肩俞穴的邪气)。再用手向背上相捉,低身徐徐宛转,二十四次。(这可以去除两肋的邪气)。再用足相扭而行,前进十数步,后退十数步。再高坐伸足,将两足扭向内,再扭向外,各二十四次。(这两条,可以去除两膝两足间的风邪)。做完这十六节后,再端坐垂帘,握固冥心,用舌舔舐上颚,搅取华池神水漱口三十六次,作声吞咽下去,再闭气,想象丹田之火自下而上,遍烧身体内外,蒸热才停止。
(我按语:老子导引四十二势,婆罗门导引十二势,赤松子导引十八势,钟离权引八势,胡见素五熟导引法十二势,在这些方法中颇为妙解。然而撮取其功效要点,不过于此。学道人如果能每天练习一两遍,久而久之身体健壮轻盈,百邪皆除,不再疲倦了。)
According to the *Secrets of the Golden Elixir*: One hand wipes, one hand cups; left and right hands alternate. Completing the number of 9x9 (81 repetitions), the True Yang will not escape. At each hour of Xu (7-9 PM) and Hai (9-11 PM), when Yin is flourishing and Yang is declining, it is appropriate to loosen clothing and hold the breath. One hand cups the external kidneys (testicles), while the other hand rubs below the navel. Alternating left and right hands, perform cupping and rubbing for 9x9 repetitions each time. Then sit cross-legged with a straight posture, keeping the hands in a specific grip (Wogu) and teeth clenched. First, lift the penis as if holding back urine, visualizing the Yuan Jing (Primordial Essence) within the body rising from the Weilu point up to the Niwan Palace, passing over the Queqiao (Magpie Bridge), and descending to the Dantian. Performing this circulation seven times will naturally consolidate the essence.
(My Note: Essence is the True Yuan Qi of the human body, the master of the five organs and hundred bones, upon which the Shen (Spirit) attaches to generate life. Shen is like fire, and Essence is like oil; when the oil is exhausted, the lamp goes out; when the essence is depleted, the spirit perishes. Therefore, essence is generated by Qi, and Shen attaches to Essence. The method of consolidating essence should be urgently practiced. Consolidating essence for half a month, and practicing it for a long time, yields better results.)
When a person enters a state of deep tranquility, the entering and exiting of Shen has no fixed location. However, for those who are ill, excessive thinking and worrying are even more severe. If one can practice these exercises, Shen will turn with Qi, and there is no need to worry about its outward dissipation; otherwise, it is difficult to maintain stability. Therefore, during constant practice, one must constantly visualize the Xuan Guan (Mysterious Pass); when feeling sleepy, one must constantly visualize the Nose Tip (Bizhun). In this way, Shen will not gallop outward and will become settled.
(My Note: Outside of Shen, there is no Heart; outside of the Heart, there is no Dao. Dao is the master of Shen, and the Heart is the residence of Shen. Since there is no Dao outside the Heart, retrieving the lost Heart means Shen is settled and Dao is present. Mencius said: "The way of learning and inquiry is nothing else but seeking the lost heart." Knowing to seek the lost heart makes ambition and Qi clear, and principles bright. This is the efficacy of the功 (practice) of settling Shen. Nowadays, those recuperating from illness think of the Dantian or the nose tip daily; this is also a method of retrieving the lost heart. It is called "settling Shen" rather than "retrieving the lost heart." Because wandering thoughts travel a thousand miles without a fixed location, this is all an outward departure of Shen, hence it is called "Settling Shen." The above three points are the general outline for dispelling disease and cultivating health. There are other methods such as Daoyin, detailed later.)
1. Clapping Teeth: Teeth are the surplus of sinews and bones; they should often be clapped to keep sinews and bones active and the mind clear. Clap thirty-six times each session.
2. Swallowing Saliva: Use the tongue to lick the upper palate. After a while, saliva will fill the mouth. It should be swallowed, making a gurgling sound, to irrigate the five Zang organs and rapidly reduce fire. The more swallows, the better.
3. Bathing the Face: Rub both hands together until hot, then cover and wipe the face as if bathing it. This prevents hair and beard from turning white and keeps temples free of gray spots, making the complexion like that of a child.
4. Ringing the Heavenly Drum: Cover both ear openings with palms. Press the middle finger with the second finger and snap against the occipital bone behind the head. Do this twenty-four times on each side to remove head and brain ailments.
5. Moving Gao-Huang: This acupoint is located below the fourth thoracic vertebra on the back, three cun lateral to the spine. Where medicinal power cannot reach, twist both shoulders fourteen times (2x7). This treats various diseases of the whole body.
6. Pushing Up the Sky: Make fists with both hands, inhale through the nose to transport Qi to the Niwan Palace, then push upwards towards the sky. Release and place hands on the knees alternately. Perform three times. This removes evil Qi from the chest and abdomen.
7. Drawing the Bow Left and Right: This method requires holding the breath. Extend the left arm straight, make the right hand into a bow-drawing shape, and look at the right hand with both eyes. Do this three times on each side. This drains Fire from the Sanjiao and removes wind-pathogenic accumulation in the arms and armpits.
8. Rubbing the Dantian: Hold the scrotum with the left hand and massage the Dantian with the right hand for thirty-six times. Then switch hands and repeat as before. This warms the Kidneys and supplements Essence.
9. Rubbing the Inner Kidney Point: This method requires holding the breath. Rub hands until hot, then rub the back area of the Kidneys (Shentang) and the Mingmen point near the spine. Do this thirty-six times on each side.
10. Rubbing the Yongquan Point: Hold the left foot with the left hand and rub the sole of the left foot with the right hand. Switch sides and do thirty-six times each.
11. Massaging the Jiaji Points: These points are located below the spinal column and above the anus, governing the Qi and Blood of the whole body. Moving them is highly beneficial and can treat hemorrhoids.
12. Shaking the Legs: If the feet do not move, Qi and Blood become disordered, and walking becomes unrefreshing. Stand firm on the left foot, lift the right foot, and shake it seven times. Switch sides as before.
The twelve sections mentioned above are methods of movement, guidance, and massage, passed down from ancient sages to dispel disease and prolong life. They are clear, simple, and accessible to everyone. Zhuangzi said: "Breathing techniques, hanging like a bear, stretching like a bird, are for the sake of longevity." These are preferred by practitioners of Daoyin, those who nourish their form, and the long-lived Peng Zu. From this, methods have been transmitted to the present day, recorded in cultivation books and medical classics, in many varieties. I have selected sixteen concise and practical items, combining them with the previous twelve sections, so that the general methods are covered.
Whenever performing these exercises, it is best to do so between Zi hour (11 PM - 1 AM) and Yin hour (3 AM - 5 AM), when the Qi is clear and the stomach is empty, ensuring effectiveness. First, lower the eyelids slightly, sit upright with clothes loose, grasp the hands firmly (Wogu), and sit cross-legged. Place the heel of the left foot against the root of the penis to prevent leakage from the essence aperture. Bend the thumbs so they touch the roots of the index fingers, and wrap the other four fingers around the thumbs; this is called "Grasping Firmly" (Wogu). Then clap the teeth thirty times. Next, embrace the neck with both hands and rotate left and right twenty-four times (removes evil accumulation in the flanks). Interlace hands and push up to the sky in the void, pressing the crown with the back of the hands twenty-four times (removes pathology in the chest and diaphragm). Cover ears with palms and strike the occipital bone with the second finger twenty-four times (removes Wind-Chi pathogenic Qi). Press left knee with left hand and twist body left, press right knee with right hand and twist body right, twenty-four times each (removes Liver wind-pathogen). Move hands forward and backward as if drawing a heavy bow, twenty-four times (removes accumulation in arms and armpits). Sit broadly, stretch hands, twist neck, look left and right, letting shoulders follow, twenty-four times (removes Spleen/Stomach accumulation). Grasp hands firmly, support ribs, shake shoulders twenty-four times (removes wind-pathogen in waist and flanks). Cross hands to beat arms and shoulders, then beat back connected to waist and thighs, fourteen times each (removes evil in limbs and chest). Sit broadly, lean sideways, raise both hands as if pushing the sky, twenty-four times (removes Lung accumulation). Sit broadly, extend legs, reach forward with hands, bend head to touch feet, twelve times. Hook the extended leg, bend it over the knee, and massage twenty-four times (removes Pericardium pathogenic Qi). Place hands on ground, shrink body and curve spine, lift up twelve times (removes Heart/Liver accumulation). Stand up, lean on bed, pull body back and look behind, twenty-four times each side (removes Kidney wind-pathogen). Stand and walk slowly, hands grasped firmly, step forward with left foot, swing left hand forward and right hand back; step forward with right foot, swing right hand forward and left hand back, twenty-four times (removes Shaoyang pathogenic Qi). Reach hands behind back to clasp, bend low and rotate slowly, twenty-four times (removes flank pathogenic Qi). Twist feet while walking, advance ten steps, retreat ten steps. Sit high, extend legs, twist feet inward then outward, twenty-four times each (removes wind-pathogen in knees and feet).
After completing these sixteen segments, sit upright, lower eyelids, grasp hands firmly, and meditate. Lick the upper palate, stir to collect the Divine Water of the Hua Chi (Sacred Pool), rinse mouth thirty-six times, and swallow with a sound. Hold breath, visualize the fire of the Dantian rising from below, burning throughout the inside and outside of the body, until heat permeates, then stop.
(My Note: Laozi's Daoyin has forty-two postures, Brahman Daoyin has twelve, Chisongzi has eighteen, Zhongli Quan has eight, Hu Jiansu's Five Cooked Daoyin has twelve. Among these methods, they are quite profound. However, summarizing their key merits, they amount to this. If learners practice one or two sessions daily, over time the body becomes strong and light, all evils are removed, and fatigue does not return.)