《巢氏病源》疟疾候∶疟病者,由夏伤于暑,客在皮肤,至秋因劳动血气,腠理虚而风邪乘之。动前暑热,
正邪相击,阴阳交争,阳盛则热,阴盛则寒,阴阳更盛更虚,故发寒热;阴阳相离,则寒热候歇。若邪动气至
交争复发,故疟休作有时。其发时节渐晏者,此由邪客于风府,邪循膂而下,卫气一日一夜常大食于风府,其
明日,日下一节,故其作日晏。其发早者,卫气之行风府,日下一节,二十一日下至尾 ,二十二日入脊内,
上注于伏卫之脉,其行九日出于缺盆之内;其气既上,故其病发更早。其间日发者,由邪气内搏五脏,横连募
原,其道远,其气深,其行迟,不能日作,故间日蓄积乃发也。小儿未能触于暑而亦病疟者,是乳母抱持解脱,
不避风者也。
《圣惠》∶夫小儿疟病者,是夏伤于暑,热客于皮肤,至秋复为风邪所折,阴阳交争,故发寒热而成疟也。
几发欲解则有汗出,汗出多则津液减耗。又热乘于脏则生虚躁,其疟瘥之后,腑脏未得,腹内犹有热,故渴而
引饮也。若引饮不止,小便涩者,则变成饮癖也。
茅先生∶小儿生下有中脾寒候,儿身上发寒,久后脾家热,乃皮上大热,渴水。此候儿先因伤寒四、五日,
有热不退,而医人误下冷药退热,故脾气不顺,遂至脾寒疾疟。所治者,下鬼哭散(方见本门
中),相夹醒脾散(有二方,一方见胃气不和门,一方见慢脾风门中,)与服即愈。
《惠眼观证》小儿疟疾形候∶因寒暑不常,小儿脱着无节,春夏蕴积,久不宣泄,至秋后阴阳交,冷热作时,
故成疟病。初发时,浑身壮热,从早至暮即歇。饮水以分日皆被宿涎潮脾,脾不醒根据前再发。此病只因宿疾在
心脾间,须用常山饮子(方见本门中)服之,清早吃,须吐下黄水后用匀气散(方见胃气不和门
中。)第二日,根据前如此一服,亦用匀气散。第三日,亦复如此。至第四日,常常服之便不吐。
《婴童宝鉴》小儿疟疾歌∶
疟疾是邪成,阴阳有竞争。早期风府会,晏发脊俞停。至速连朝发,来迟间有行。小儿远见吐,何必问神明。
《仙人水鉴》小儿百日内患疟方∶
疟是邪风寒热攻,宜须术治免成空。常山刻作人形状,丁钉孩儿生气宫。
《外台》刘氏疗小儿疟方。
上用黄丹半钱匕,以蜜水和与服。若冷,以酒和与服之良。
《外台》∶《广济》又方
上取驴轴下垢腻,刮取和面作饼与吃,以瘥止。
《外台》∶《删繁》疗小儿疟,或自能饮,或不能饮,母含药与饮之。常山酒煎方
常山(二两) 桂心(一两) 甘草(半两,炙)
上三味切,以酒一升,煎取七合,去滓分服。取吐瘥止。
孙尚药治大人、小儿 疾。
信砒(二两,别研如粉) 寒水石(三两,别捣为末)
上用一生铁铫子,先锒石末一半,后堆砒末在上,又以石末盖头,然后取浓盏盖之。周回醋糊纸条子密封
约十重,以炭火一斤以来安铫子在上,候纸条子黑,取出置冷地;候冷取开盏子,净刮取锒石末,一处入乳
钵内细研,以软粟米饭和丸如梧子,更别作小丸子一等,以备小儿服。以飞过辰砂为衣,候干入瓷合收。每
人服时,于发日早,腊茶清下一丸,一日内不得食热物。合时先扫洒一净室中合之,不得令妇人、猫、犬、
鸡、鼠等见,收得时亦如然。若妇人患,则男着在口中,男子患亦然。
陈藏器治大人、小儿疟。
接骨木叶
上小儿服三叶,大人服六叶,并生捣绞汁,得吐为度。此药有小毒,不宜多也。服讫须痢及吐。尤治痰疟。
《圣惠》治小儿痰癖疟,发无时。牡蛎散方
牡蛎粉 常山 乌梅肉(微炒) 人参(去芦头。各半两) 鳖甲(三分,涂醋炙微黄,去
裙) 知母 川升麻 甘草(炙微赤,锉碎) 豉心 桃仁(汤浸,去皮尖、双仁,麸炒微黄。各一分)
上件药捣,细罗为散。每服以温酒调下半钱,日二服。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾发后烦热。升麻散方
川升麻 常山 蜀漆 川大黄(锉碎,微炒) 葳蕤 黄芩 桂心(各一分) 川芒硝(半两)
上件药捣,粗罗为散。每服一钱,以水一小盏,煎至五分,去滓。温服,以吐、利为度。量儿大小以意加
减。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾,发歇寒热,小便赤黄。宜服桃仁散方
桃仁(汤浸,去皮尖、双仁,麸炒微黄) 赤茯苓 鳖甲(涂醋、炙微黄,去裙 。各三分) 知
母黄芩 川升麻(各半两) 甘草(一分,炙微赤,锉)
上件药捣,粗罗为散。每服一钱,以水一小盏,煎至五分,去滓。温服,日三、四服。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾,痰壅烦闷。常山散方
常山 甘草(炙微赤,锉) 川大黄(各半两) 桂心(一分)
上件药捣,粗罗为末。每服一钱,以水一小盏,煎至五分,去滓。未发前温服,得吐、利为度,如未吐、
利,再服。量儿大小以意加减服。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾,胸膈间痰涎,发渴寒热。宜服松萝散吐方
松萝 甘草(炙微赤,锉。各三分) 常山(一两)
上件药捣,粗罗为散。每服一钱,以水一小盏,煎至五分,去滓温服。量儿大小以意加减。以吐为效,不
吐更服。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾,寒热发歇不定。黄丹丸方
黄丹(微炒) 人参(去芦头) 常山 鳖甲(涂醋、炙令黄,去裙 。各半两)
上件药捣,罗为末,炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。每于未发前以冷水下一丸。三岁以上,即可三丸。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾必效。大蒜丸方
独头蒜(去心) 巴豆(去皮、心。各用一枚)
上件药,取巴豆内蒜中,用湿纸裹煨令熟,捣如膏,丸如麻子大。每服以醋汤下一丸,以吐、利为度。更
量儿大小加减服之。五月五日修合更佳。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾。常山丸方(《婴孺方》名三满丸)
常山(一两,末) 白蜡(半两) 鸡子(一枚)
上件药,敲鸡子去黄,用清与常山末拌和令匀,于瓷碗中熔蜡都拌和;以绵幕碗口,坐甑中蒸三遍取出,
丸如麻子大。每服以粥饮下五丸,当吐即瘥。量儿大小加减服之。
茅先生小儿脾寒,鬼哭散
常山 大腹皮 白茯苓 鳖甲(醋炙) 甘草(炙)
上等分,鳖甲、甘草修事,外三味不得见火,为末。每服二钱,用水一盏,冬取桃、柳枝各二、七寸,同
煎五分,临发时服。略吐出涎不妨。
《婴孺》治五、六、七岁儿时气兼疟。前胡汤方
前胡 黄芩 升麻(各四分) 细辛 甘草 芍药(各三分) 大黄 常山(各二分)
上以水一升六合,为四服。日三服,夜一服。
《婴孺》治少小疟疾,有冷热,腹满。桂心汤方
桂心(一两) 常山(二两)
上以酒二升浸,二炊久煮一升半,分二服。当吐无苦,已用验良。张方云∶若未能饮,当与含之。
《婴孺》又方
上用生石上者菖蒲煎,浴儿三、四次佳。
《婴孺》治小儿疟,癖实肉热,头痛欲吐。常山汤方
常山 甘草(各二两) 竹叶(三升)
上水六升,煮及二升,六、七岁儿为四服;小儿以意加减五服。至日出三服,得吐便愈。若实多加大黄二
两,取快利,节饮食。
《婴孺》治少小疟,寒热往来,前后不断,诸医治不瘥者方。
常山(二铢) 甘草(五铢)
上以水一升,煮至三合,先发时服。
《婴孺》治小儿疟,诸师治不瘥者。神验方
大黄(二两) 附子(一两,炮) 龙骨(三两)
上为末,蜜丸。十岁儿服小豆大七丸,比至发三服,或不吐、下。五、六岁,大豆大七丸。大人,桐子大
七丸。比至发时,三服二十一丸都服竟。更平和,大宜老、小人服之。
《惠眼观证》常山饮子 治小儿疟疾,寒热发作。
常山(半两,不煮) 鳖甲(去裙,不炙) 甘草(不炮) 虎骨(各三钱)
上锉为粗末,日曝干,捣、罗为末。小儿每服一钱,水七分盏,乌梅一个,煎至四分,五更初服。须吐、
下黄涎后,用调气药。第二日根据前下一服,亦用调气药。调气药如吐尽黄痰,向后服时更不吐也。
《张氏家传》疟丹 以百数不用砒则用常山,未必取效,皆吐、泻为害。此药治大人、小儿神效。不吐不泻,
自
然疾愈。
乌头(令细不罗) 芸苔子(研末。各一两) 巴豆(半两,细研)
上先研乌头,次入二药拌匀,黄蜡一两熔,丸如黑豆大。小儿作三丸,并用乳香汤下。
《王氏手集》小儿疟药。常山饮子
常山 香白芷 天南星
上等分为细末。每服二钱,好酒一盏半,煎至一盏,发,五更空心温冷任意服。忌鸡、鸭、猪、鱼。
《吉氏家传》治小儿疟。草果子散
草果子 半夏(各半两) 柴胡 浓朴 甘草(炙) 乌梅 枣(各一两) 常山(一分)
上为末。服二钱,水一盏,生姜二片,煎至七分,温服。或去柴胡加鳖甲。
《朱氏家传》治小儿一切疟病。
上等腊茶(末) 硫黄(别研,飞)
上二物,各顿一处。寒多倍硫黄;热多倍腊茶。每服一钱,用米饮调下。于当发日五更初服之,奇验。
禳HT 灸刺法∶
《千金翼》∶肝疟令人色苍,苍然太息,其状若死。刺足厥阴见血。心疟令人心烦甚,欲得清水,寒多不甚
热。刺足少阴,是谓神门。脾疟令人病寒腹中痛,热则肠中鸣,鸣已汗出。刺足太阴。肺疟令人心寒甚,热间
善惊,如有见者。刺手太阴、阳明。肾疟令人凄凄腰脊痛,宛转大便难,目 然,手足寒。刺足太阳、少阴。
胃疟令人旦病寒,善饥而不能食,肢满腹大。刺足阳明、太阴横脉出血。
《千金翼》黄帝问歧伯曰∶疟多方小,愈者何?歧伯对曰∶疟有十二种。黄帝曰∶疟鬼字何?可得闻乎?
歧伯对曰∶但得疟字便愈,不得其字,百方不愈。黄帝曰∶疟鬼者,十二时愿闻之。歧伯对曰∶寅时发者,狱
死鬼所为,治之以疟人着窑上、灰火一周,不令火灭,即瘥。卯时发者,鞭死鬼所为,治之用五白衣烧作灰,
三指撮着酒中,无酒以清水与服之。辰时发者,堕木死鬼所为,治之令疟人上木高危处,以棘塞木,奇间即瘥。
巳时发者,烧死鬼所为,治之令疟人坐,师以周匝燃火,即瘥。午时发者,饥死鬼所为,治之令疟人持脂火于
田中无人处,以火烧脂令香,假拾薪去,即瘥。未时发者,溺死鬼所为,治之令疟人临发时,三渡东流水,即
瘥。申时发者,自刺死鬼所为,治之令疟人欲发时,以刀刺冢上,使得姓字,祝曰∶若瘥,我与汝拔却。即瘥。
西时发者,奴婢死鬼所为,治之令疟人碓梢上、棒上卧,莫令人道姓字,立瘥。戍时发者,自绞鬼所为,治之
左索绳系其手、脚、腰、头,即瘥。亥时发者,盗死鬼所为,治之以刀子一口,箭一只,灰一筒,刀安疟人腹
上,其箭横着底下,即瘥。子时发者,寡妇死鬼所为,治之令疟人脱衣东厢床上卧,左手持刀,右手持杖,
打令声不绝,瓦盆盛水着路边,即瘥。丑时发者,斩死鬼所为,治之令疟人当户前卧,头东向,血流头下,
即瘥。
《千金翼》灸疟法∶疟医并不能救者,以绳量病患脚围绕足跟及五指一匝讫,截断绳,取所量得绳置项上,
着反向背上,当绳头处中脊骨上灸三十壮,即定。候看复恶寒,再灸三十壮,即定。比至过发一炊久候之,
虽饥勿与食尽日。此法神验,男左女右。
《外台》∶《甲乙经》灸法∶ 在肩膊内廉,侠第六椎下两傍各三寸,以手按之痛病者,言 。足太阳脉
气所发,灸五壮。主液 挛暴,脉急引胁而痛,内引心肺。从项至脊以下至十二椎应手,灸之立已。热病汗不
出,肩背寒热 互引,身热咳逆,上气虚喘,喘逆鼽衄,肩甲内廉痛,不可俯仰,眇季胁引少腹而胀痛。小儿
食晦,头痛引颐 疟风。
《婴童宝鉴》灸法∶小儿疟子灸大指、次指外。
《巢氏病源》疟疾病候:疟病,是由于夏季感受暑邪,邪气潜伏在皮肤之间,到了秋季因为劳累导致气血动荡,腠理(皮肤毛孔)空虚,风邪趁机侵入。体内的暑热与外来风邪相互搏击,阴阳之气发生交争,阳气偏盛则发热,阴气偏盛则发冷,阴阳之气交替盛衰,所以出现寒热往来;当阴阳之气暂时分离时,寒热的症状就会暂停。如果邪气再次触动正气,正气与之交争而复发,所以疟疾的发作有固定的时间规律。发作时间逐渐推迟的,是因为邪气客居在风府穴,邪气沿着脊柱向下移动,卫气一天一夜常在风府穴汇聚,第二天,卫气下行一节脊椎,所以发作时间一天天推迟。发作时间提前的,是因为卫气运行经过风府穴后,每天下行一节脊椎,二十一天下行至尾骶骨,第二十二日进入脊内,向上注入伏冲之脉,运行九日后出于缺盆穴;邪气既然上行,所以发病时间更早。隔日发作的,是因为邪气内迫五脏,横连募原(胸腹腔内的膜原),路径遥远,邪气深藏,运行缓慢,不能每日发作,所以积聚到一定程度才发作。小儿没有接触暑邪也患疟疾的,是因为乳母怀抱孩子时疏于防护,让孩子受到风吹所致。
《太平圣惠方》:小儿患疟病,是夏季感受暑邪,热邪客居在皮肤,到了秋季又被风邪所折损,阴阳交争,所以出现寒热往来而成疟疾。每次发作想要缓解时会有汗出,汗出过多则津液减少耗损。如果热邪乘虚入脏则产生虚烦躁动,疟疾痊愈之后,脏腑功能尚未恢复,腹内仍有余热,所以口渴想喝水。如果饮水不止,小便涩滞不通,则会变成饮癖(水饮停聚形成的癖块)。
茅先生:小儿出生后有中脾寒的症状,孩子身上发冷,久了之后脾家生热,表现为皮肤大热,口渴想喝水。这个症状是孩子先前因伤寒四、五天,发热不退,医生误用寒凉药物退热,导致脾气不顺,遂至脾寒引发疟疾。治疗者,服用鬼哭散(方剂见本门中),配合醒脾散(有两个方子,一个见胃气不和门,一个见慢脾风门中),服用后即愈。
《惠眼观证》小儿疟疾病状表现:因寒暑无常,小儿穿衣脱衣没有节制,春夏季节蕴积邪气,长久不宣泄,到了秋季后阴阳交争,冷热交替发作,所以形成疟病。初发时,全身壮热,从早到晚即停止。饮水以分日皆被宿涎潮脾,脾不醒根据前再发。此病只因宿疾在心脾间,须用常山饮子(方剂见本门中)服用,清早吃,须吐下黄水后用匀气散(方剂见胃气不和门中。)第二日,根据前如此一服,亦用匀气散。第三日,亦复如此。至第四日,常常服之便不吐。
《婴童宝鉴》小儿疟疾歌诀:
疟疾是由邪气造成,阴阳之气相互竞争。早期邪气会合于风府,晚期邪气停在脊俞。最快连续几天发作,最慢间隔数日而行。小儿若远见呕吐,何必去问神明。
《仙人水鉴》小儿百日内患疟方:
疟疾是风寒热邪攻击所致,应当使用术类药物治疗以免无效。将常山雕刻成人形形状,用丁香钉入孩子的生气宫(穴位或隐喻)。
《外台秘要》刘氏治疗小儿疟疾方。
上面取黄丹半钱匕,用蜂蜜水调和给患儿服用。如果属冷疟,用酒调和给患儿服用效果良好。
《外台秘要》:《广济方》又一方
上面取驴轴下的污垢腻物,刮取后和面做成饼给患儿吃,直到病愈为止。
《外台秘要》:《删繁方》治疗小儿疟疾,有的能自行饮水,有的不能饮水,让母亲含着药汁喂给孩子。常山酒煎方
常山(二两) 桂心(一两) 甘草(半两,炙)
上面三味药切碎,用酒一升,煎取七合,去掉药渣分次服用。以吐出痰涎病愈为度。
孙尚药治疗大人、小儿疟疾。
信砒(二两,单独研成粉) 寒水石(三两,单独捣成末)
上面用一个生铁铫子,先铺一半石末,后将砒末堆在上面,又以石末盖住头,然后取浓盏盖之。周围用醋糊纸条密封约十重,用一斤炭火来安放铫子在火上,等到纸条变黑,取出放置在冷地;等冷却后打开盏子,干净地刮取石末,一处放入乳钵内细细研磨,用软粟米饭和丸如梧桐子大,另外制作小丸子一等,以备小儿服用。以飞过辰砂为衣,等干了放入瓷盒收藏。每人服用时,在发作日早晨,用腊茶清送下一丸,一日内不得吃热物。配制时要先打扫一间净室中进行,不能让妇人、猫、狗、鸡、鼠等看见,收藏时也是如此。如果是妇人患病,则男子含在口中,男子患病亦然。
陈藏器治疗大人、小儿疟疾。
接骨木叶
上面小儿服用三片叶子,大人服用六片叶子,都生捣绞汁,以吐出为度。此药有小毒,不宜多服。服完后必须痢疾及呕吐。尤其治疗痰疟。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿痰癖疟,发作无定时。牡蛎散方
牡蛎粉 常山 乌梅肉(微炒) 人参(去芦头。各半两) 鳖甲(三分,涂醋炙微黄,去裙) 知母 川升麻 甘草(炙微赤,锉碎) 豉心 桃仁(汤浸,去皮尖、双仁,麸炒微黄。各一分)
上面药材捣碎,细筛为散。每服用温酒调下半钱,每日两次。根据孩子大小酌情加减。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾发作后烦热。升麻散方
川升麻 常山 蜀漆 川大黄(锉碎,微炒) 葳蕤 黄芩 桂心(各一分) 川芒硝(半两)
上面药材捣碎,粗筛为散。每服一钱,用水一小盏,煎至五分,去掉药渣。温服,以吐、利为度。根据孩子大小酌情加减。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾,发作间歇寒热,小便赤黄。宜服桃仁散方
桃仁(汤浸,去皮尖、双仁,麸炒微黄) 赤茯苓 鳖甲(涂醋、炙微黄,去裙 。各三分) 知母 黄芩 川升麻(各半两) 甘草(一分,炙微赤,锉)
上面药材捣碎,粗筛为散。每服一钱,用水一小盏,煎至五分,去掉药渣。温服,每日三、四次。根据孩子大小酌情加减。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾,痰壅烦闷。常山散方
常山 甘草(炙微赤,锉) 川大黄(各半两) 桂心(一分)
上面药材捣碎,粗筛为末。每服一钱,用水一小盏,煎至五分,去掉药渣。未发作前温服,得吐、利为度,如果未吐、利,再服。根据孩子大小酌情加减。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾,胸膈间痰涎,发作口渴寒热。宜服松萝散吐方
松萝 甘草(炙微赤,锉。各三分) 常山(一两)
上面药材捣碎,粗筛为散。每服一钱,用水一小盏,煎至五分,去掉药渣温服。根据孩子大小酌情加减。以吐为效,不吐再服。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾,寒热发作不定。黄丹丸方
黄丹(微炒) 人参(去芦头) 常山 鳖甲(涂醋、炙令黄,去裙 。各半两)
上面药材捣碎,筛为末,炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。每在未发作前用冷水送下一丸。三岁以上,即可服三丸。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾必效。大蒜丸方
独头蒜(去心) 巴豆(去皮、心。各用一枚)
上面药材,取巴豆放入蒜中,用湿纸包裹煨熟,捣如膏,丸如麻子大。每服用醋汤送下一丸,以吐、利为度。再根据孩子大小加减服用。五月五日修合更佳。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿疟疾。常山丸方(《婴孺方》名三满丸)
常山(一两,末) 白蜡(半两) 鸡子(一枚)
上面药材,敲鸡蛋去黄,用蛋清与常山末拌和均匀,在瓷碗中熔化蜡都拌和;用棉布蒙住碗口,放在蒸笼中蒸三遍取出,丸如麻子大。每服用粥饮送下五丸,当吐即愈。根据孩子大小加减服用。
茅先生小儿脾寒,鬼哭散
常山 大腹皮 白茯苓 鳖甲(醋炙) 甘草(炙)
上等分,鳖甲、甘草修事,外三味不得见火,为末。每服二钱,用水一盏,冬取桃、柳枝各二、七寸,同煎五分,临发时服。略吐出涎不妨。
《婴孺方》治疗五、六、七岁儿时气兼疟。前胡汤方
前胡 黄芩 升麻(各四分) 细辛 甘草 芍药(各三分) 大黄 常山(各二分)
上面用水一升六合,分为四服。每日三次,夜间一次。
《婴孺方》治疗少小疟疾,有冷热,腹满。桂心汤方
桂心(一两) 常山(二两)
上面用酒二升浸泡,煮两个饭的时间,煮取一升半,分两次服用。应当吐出不必担心,已经验证有效。张方说:如果不能饮水,应当含着药汁喂。
《婴孺方》又一方
上面取生长在石头上的菖蒲煎汤,给患儿洗澡三、四次为佳。
《婴孺方》治疗小儿疟,癖实肉热,头痛欲吐。常山汤方
常山 甘草(各二两) 竹叶(三升)
上面用水六升,煮至二升,六、七岁儿童分为四服;小儿酌情分为五服。到日出时服三服,得吐便愈。如果实证多加大黄二两,取快利,节制饮食。
《婴孺方》治疗少小疟,寒热往来,前后不断,诸医治不愈者方。
常山(二铢) 甘草(五铢)
上面用水一升,煮至三合,发作时服用。
《婴孺方》治疗小儿疟,诸师治不愈者。神验方
大黄(二两) 附子(一两,炮) 龙骨(三两)
上面为末,蜜丸。十岁儿童服小豆大七丸,等到发作前三次服用,或者不吐、下。五、六岁,大豆大七丸。大人,桐子大七丸。等到发作时,三次服用二十一丸全部服完。更平和,大宜老人、小孩服用。
《惠眼观证》常山饮子 治疗小儿疟疾,寒热发作。
常山(半两,不煮) 鳖甲(去裙,不炙) 甘草(不炮) 虎骨(各三钱)
上面锉为粗末,日晒干,捣、筛为末。小儿每服一钱,水七分盏,乌梅一个,煎至四分,五更初服。须吐、下黄涎后,用调气药。第二日根据前下一服,亦用调气药。调气药如吐尽黄痰,向后服时更不吐也。
《张氏家传》疟丹 以百数不用砒则用常山,未必取效,皆吐、泻为害。此药治大人、小儿神效。不吐不泻,自然疾愈。
乌头(令细不罗) 芸苔子(研末。各一两) 巴豆(半两,细研)
上面先研乌头,次入二药拌匀,黄蜡一两熔,丸如黑豆大。小儿作三丸,并用乳香汤下。
《王氏手集》小儿疟药。常山饮子
常山 香白芷 天南星
上等分为细末。每服二钱,好酒一盏半,煎至一盏,发,五更空心温冷任意服。忌鸡、鸭、猪、鱼。
《吉氏家传》治疗小儿疟。草果子散
草果子 半夏(各半两) 柴胡 浓朴 甘草(炙) 乌梅 枣(各一两) 常山(一分)
上面为末。服二钱,水一盏,生姜二片,煎至七分,温服。或去柴胡加鳖甲。
《朱氏家传》治疗小儿一切疟病。
上等腊茶(末) 硫黄(别研,飞)
上面二物,各顿一处。寒多倍硫黄;热多倍腊茶。每服一钱,用米饮调下。于当发日五更初服之,奇验。
禳解灸刺法∶
《千金翼》:肝疟使人面色青苍,经常叹气,其状像死。刺足厥阴经见血。心疟使人心烦甚,想要喝清水,寒多不甚热。刺足少阴经,名叫神门。脾疟使人病寒腹中痛,热则肠中鸣,鸣已汗出。刺足太阴经。肺疟使人心寒甚,热间善惊,如有见者。刺手太阴、阳明经。肾疟使人凄凄腰脊痛,宛转大便难,目然,手足寒。刺足太阳、少阴经。
胃疟使人旦病寒,善饥而不能食,肢满腹大。刺足阳明、太阴横脉出血。
《千金翼》黄帝问歧伯曰∶疟多方小,愈者何?歧伯对曰∶疟有十二种。黄帝曰∶疟鬼字何?可得闻乎?
歧伯对曰∶但得疟字便愈,不得其字,百方不愈。黄帝曰∶疟鬼者,十二时愿闻之。歧伯对曰∶寅时发者,狱死鬼所为,治之以疟人着窑上、灰火一周,不令火灭,即瘥。卯时发者,鞭死鬼所为,治之用五白衣烧作灰,三指撮着酒中,无酒以清水与服之。辰时发者,堕木死鬼所为,治之令疟人上木高危处,以棘塞木,奇间即瘥。巳时发者,烧死鬼所为,治之令疟人坐,师以周匝燃火,即瘥。午时发者,饥死鬼所为,治之令疟人持脂火于田中无人处,以火烧脂令香,假拾薪去,即瘥。未时发者,溺死鬼所为,治之令疟人临发时,三渡东流水,即瘥。申时发者,自刺死鬼所为,治之令疟人欲发时,以刀刺冢上,使得姓字,祝曰∶若瘥,我与汝拔却。即瘥。酉时发者,奴婢死鬼所为,治之令疟人碓梢上、棒上卧,莫令人道姓字,立瘥。戌时发者,自绞鬼所为,治之左索绳系其手、脚、腰、头,即瘥。亥时发者,盗死鬼所为,治之以刀子一口,箭一只,灰一筒,刀安疟人腹上,其箭横着底下,即瘥。子时发者,寡妇死鬼所为,治之令疟人脱衣东厢床上卧,左手持刀,右手持杖,打令声不绝,瓦盆盛水着路边,即瘥。丑时发者,斩死鬼所为,治之令疟人当户前卧,头东向,血流头下,即瘥。
《千金翼》灸疟法∶疟医并不能救者,以绳量病患脚围绕足跟及五指一匝讫,截断绳,取所量得绳置项上,着反向背上,当绳头处中脊骨上灸三十壮,即定。候看复恶寒,再灸三十壮,即定。比至过发一炊久候之,虽饥勿与食尽日。此法神验,男左女右。
《外台秘要》:《甲乙经》灸法∶ 在肩膊内廉,侠第六椎下两傍各三寸,以手按之痛病者,言 。足太阳脉气所发,灸五壮。主液 挛暴,脉急引胁而痛,内引心肺。从项至脊以下至十二椎应手,灸之立已。热病汗不出,肩背寒热 互引,身热咳逆,上气虚喘,喘逆鼽衄,肩甲内廉痛,不可俯仰,眇季胁引少腹而胀痛。小儿食晦,头痛引颐 疟风。
According to *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (Source of Diseases by Chao Yuanfang) on the Malaria Syndrome: Malaria is caused by summerheat injury in summer, with pathogenic factors lodging in the skin. By autumn, due to physical exertion disturbing Qi and Blood, the Cou Li (skin pores and interstices) become deficient, allowing Wind Pathogen to take advantage. The latent summerheat interacts with the new pathogen, causing a struggle between Yin and Yang. When Yang is excessive, there is heat; when Yin is excessive, there is cold. As Yin and Yang alternate in excess and deficiency, chills and fever occur. When Yin and Yang separate, the chills and fever pause. If the pathogen moves again and Qi rises to contest it, recurrence occurs, hence malaria has periodic intervals. If the onset time gradually delays, it is because the pathogen lodges at Fengfu (GV16), moving down along the Du Meridian. Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) gathers at Fengfu daily; the next day it descends one vertebral segment, causing delayed onset. If onset advances, Wei Qi descends one segment daily from Fengfu, reaching the coccyx after 21 days, entering the spine on the 22nd, ascending through the Fu Mai (Deep Channel), emerging at Quepen (ST12) after 9 days; since the Qi ascends, onset is earlier. Intermittent malaria occurs because the pathogen invades the Zang Organs internally and connects horizontally to the Mu Yuan (Sea of Origin), the path is long, the Qi is deep, and movement is slow, preventing daily occurrence; thus, it accumulates before manifesting. Children who contract malaria without summerheat exposure do so because their wet nurses hold them loosely, exposing them to wind.
From *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*: Pediatric malaria results from summerheat injury in summer, with heat lodging in the skin, then being constrained by wind in autumn, causing Yin-Yang struggle and chills/fever. Sweating occurs as attacks resolve; excessive sweating depletes Body Fluids. If heat enters the Zang Organs, it causes deficiency irritability. After recovery, if internal organs are not restored and residual heat remains in the abdomen, thirst and desire for water occur. If drinking continues and urination becomes difficult, it transforms into Yin Pi (Fluid Retention Mass).
Mr. Mao: Infants may present with Spleen Cold syndrome, characterized by body chills, later developing Spleen Heat manifesting as high skin temperature and thirst. This often follows a four-to-five-day febrile disease where physicians mistakenly used cold herbs to reduce fever, disrupting Spleen Qi and leading to Spleen Cold malaria. Treatment involves Guiku San (Ghost Cry Powder - see section) combined with Xingpi San (Awaken Spleen Powder - see sections on Stomach Qi Disharmony or Slow Spleen Wind).
*Hui Yan Guan Zheng* on Pediatric Malaria Signs: Due to irregular cold and heat, and improper dressing in children, pathogens accumulate in spring and summer. In autumn, Yin-Yang struggle and cold-heat alternation cause malaria. Initial attacks feature high fever from morning to evening. Drinking water leads to phlegm flooding the Spleen, causing recurrence. The root lies in chronic issues in the Heart and Spleen. Use Changshan Yinzi (Polygala Decoction - see section) in the early morning. Vomiting yellow fluid should be followed by Yunqi San (Harmonizing Qi Powder - see Stomach Qi Disharmony section). Repeat on days two and three. By day four, continuous use stops vomiting.
*Ying Tong Bao Jian* Song on Pediatric Malaria:
Malaria is formed by evil, Yin and Yang compete. Early onset meets at Fengfu, late onset stops at spinal acupoints. Fastest is consecutive days, slowest is intermittent. Children seeing vomit, why ask spirits?
*Xian Ren Shui Jian* Formula for Malaria in Infants under 100 Days:
Malaria is attacked by wind, cold, and heat. Must use Zhu treatment to avoid emptiness. Carve Changshan (Polygala) into human shape, nail Ding (Clove) into the child's Shengqi Palace (vital area).
*Liu Shi* Formula from *Wai Tai Mi Yao* for Pediatric Malaria:
Use Huang Dan (Red Lead Oxide) half a qian bi, mixed with honey water for administration. For cold malaria, mix with wine for better effect.
*Guang Ji* Formula from *Wai Tai Mi Yao*:
Scrape grease from donkey axle, mix with flour to make cakes for eating until cured.
*Shan Fan* Formula from *Wai Tai Mi Yao* for Pediatric Malaria:
For those who can or cannot drink, let the mother hold the medicine in her mouth to feed the child. Changshan Wine Decoction:
Changshan (2 liang), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig Heart, 1 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, roasted).
Cut the three ingredients, decoct in 1 sheng of wine to obtain 7 he, strain and divide doses. Cure upon vomiting.
Sun Shangyao treats adult and pediatric malaria:
Xin Pi (Arsenic Trioxide), Lengshuishi (Calcite).
Use an iron pot. Layer half the calcite powder, then arsenic, then cover with remaining calcite. Seal tightly with vinegar paste paper strips. Roast over charcoal fire until strips turn black. Cool on ground. Open, scrape powder, grind fine in mortar. Mix with millet rice paste to form pills like wu zi (wu-tzu seeds). Coat with Fei Guo Chen Sha (Processed Cinnabar). Store in porcelain. Dose: One pill with strong tea broth on the morning of attack. Avoid hot food for one day. Prepare in a clean room, away from women, cats, dogs, chickens, rats. If woman suffers, man holds in mouth; if man suffers, same.
Chen Cangqi treats adult and pediatric malaria:
Jiegu Mu Ye (Euclea Leaf).
Children take 3 leaves, adults 6 leaves. Freshly crush and squeeze juice. Stop when vomiting occurs. This herb has slight toxicity; do not overdose. Vomiting and diarrhea are expected effects. Especially effective for Tan Nue (Phlegm Malaria).
*Muli San* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Phlegm-Pi Malaria with irregular onset:
Muli (Oyster Shell), Changshan, Wumei (Dark Plum), Renshen (Ginseng), Biejia (Turtle Shell), Zhimu (Anemarrhena), Chuan Shengma (Cimicifuga), Gancao (Licorice), Chi (Fermented Soybean), Taoren (Peach Seed).
Grind into powder. Take half a qian with warm wine, twice daily. Adjust based on child's size.
*Shengma San* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria with post-attack irritability and heat:
Chuan Shengma, Changshan, Shuqi (Eucommia Bark/related), Chuan Dahuang (Rhubarb), Weirui (Polygonatum), Huangqin (Scutellaria), Guixin, Chuan Mangxiao (Mirabilite).
Grind into coarse powder. Take 1 qian, decoct in small cup of water to 5 fen. Strain and take warm. Stop when vomiting or purging occurs. Adjust based on size.
*Taoren San* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria with chills/fever and dark yellow urine:
Taoren, Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Core), Biejia, Zhimu, Huangqin, Chuan Shengma, Gancao.
Grind into coarse powder. Take 1 qian, decoct in small cup of water to 5 fen. Strain and take warm, 3-4 times daily. Adjust based on size.
*Changshan San* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria with phlegm obstruction and irritability:
Changshan, Gancao, Chuan Dahuang, Guixin.
Grind into coarse powder. Take 1 qian, decoct in small cup of water to 5 fen. Strain and take warm before attack. Stop when vomiting/purging occurs; repeat if necessary. Adjust based on size.
*Songluo San* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria with chest phlegm, thirst, and chills/fever:
Songluo (Usnea), Gancao, Changshan.
Grind into coarse powder. Take 1 qian, decoct in small cup of water to 5 fen. Strain and take warm. Adjust based on size. Efficacy indicated by vomiting; repeat if no vomiting.
*Huandan Wan* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria with irregular chills/fever:
Huandan (Red Lead Oxide), Renshen, Changshan, Biejia.
Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills like mung beans. Take one pill with cold water before attack. Children over 3 years old take three pills.
*Suantou Wan* from *Sheng Hui* for Pediatric Malaria:
Dutou Suan (Single-clove Garlic), Badou (Croton Seed).
Place Badou inside garlic, wrap in wet paper, roast until cooked. Grind to paste, form pills like sesame seeds. Take one pill with vinegar water. Stop when vomiting/purging occurs. Adjust based on size. Best prepared on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month.
*Changshan Wan* from *Sheng Hui* (also called Sanman Wan in *Ying Ru Fang*):
Changshan, Bairua (White Beeswax), Jizi (Chicken Egg).
Remove egg yolk, mix egg white with Changshan powder. Melt wax in porcelain bowl, mix well. Cover with silk, steam three times. Form pills like sesame seeds. Take five pills with gruel water. Cured upon vomiting. Adjust based on size.
*Guiku San* from Mr. Mao for Pediatric Spleen Cold:
Changshan, Dafupi (Areca Peel), Bai Fuling (Poria), Biejia (Roasted in Vinegar), Gancao (Roasted).
Equal parts. Process Biejia and Gancao. Other three must not touch fire. Grind to powder. Take 2 qian, decoct in 1 cup of water with peach and willow branches (winter). Take at onset. Mild vomiting of phlegm is acceptable.
*Qianhu Tang* from *Ying Ru* for 5-7 year olds with Qi stagnation and malaria:
Qianhu (Peucedanum), Huangqin, Shengma, Xixin (Asarum), Gancao, Shaoyao (Peony), Dahuang, Changshan.
Decoct in 1 sheng 6 dou water, divide into 4 doses. Take 3 times daily, 1 at night.
*Guixin Tang* from *Ying Ru* for young children with malaria, cold/heat, and abdominal fullness:
Guixin, Changshan.
Soak in 2 sheng of wine, boil for two meal-times to obtain 1.5 sheng. Divide into 2 doses. Vomiting is expected and safe. Validated efficacy. Zhang Fang says: If unable to drink, hold in mouth to feed.
*Ying Ru* Another Formula:
Decoct Changpu (Acorus) growing on stones. Bathe child 3-4 times.
*Changshan Tang* from *Ying Ru* for Pediatric Malaria with mass, flesh heat, headache, and nausea:
Changshan, Gancao, Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf).
Decoct 6 sheng water to 2 sheng. For 6-7 year olds, divide into 4 doses; adjust for younger children to 5 doses. Take 3 doses by sunrise. Cured upon vomiting. If excess, add Dahuang. Regulate diet.
*Ying Ru* Formula for Persistent Malaria Unresponsive to Other Treatments:
Changshan, Gancao.
Decoct 1 sheng water to 3 he. Take at onset.
*Shenyan Fang* from *Ying Ru* for Refractory Pediatric Malaria:
Dahuang, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite), Longgu (Fossilized Bone).
Grind to powder, make honey pills. 10-year-old: 7 pills (size of adzuki bean). Take 3 doses before onset. 5-6 year old: 7 pills (size of soybean). Adult: 7 pills (size of paulownia seed). Total 21 pills by onset. Gentler, suitable for elderly and children.
*Changshan Yinzi* from *Hui Yan Guan Zheng* for Pediatric Malaria with chills/fever:
Changshan (not boiled), Biejia (no roasting), Gancao (not roasted), Hugujia (Tiger Bone).
Coarsely chop, sun-dry, grind to powder. Child dose: 1 qian, 0.7 cup water, 1 Wumei. Decoct to 0.4 cup. Take at dawn. Vomiting yellow phlegm required. Follow with Tiaoqi (Qi-harmonizing) medicine. Repeat day 2. If yellow phlegm cleared, subsequent doses won't cause vomiting.
*Nue Dan* from *Zhang Shi Jia Chuan*:
Using Bi (Arsenic) or Changshan often causes harmful vomiting/diarrhea. This formula is miraculous for adults and children, curing without vomiting/diarrhea.
Wutou (Aconite), Yuntaizi (Rapeseed), Badou.
Grind Wutou, mix with others. Melt 1 liang Huangla (Yellow Wax), form pills like black beans. Children take 3 pills with Rushiang (Frankincense) water.
*Changshan Yinzi* from *Wang Shi Shou Ji* for Pediatric Malaria:
Changshan, Xiang Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), Tiannanxing (Arisaema).
Fine powder. Take 2 qian, decoct in 1.5 cups good wine to 1 cup. Take warm or cool on empty stomach at dawn on attack day. Avoid chicken, duck, pork, fish.
*Cao Guo Zi San* from *Ji Shi Jia Chuan* for Pediatric Malaria:
Cao Guo Zi (Black Cardamom), Banxia (Pinellia), Chaihu (Bupleurum), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Gancao, Wumei, Zao (Jujube), Changshan.
Powder. Take 2 qian, decoct with 2 slices ginger in 1 cup water to 0.7 cup. Warm. Or remove Chaihu, add Biejia.
*Zhu Shi Jia Chuan* for All Pediatric Malaria:
La Cha (Winter Tea), Liuhuang (Sulfur).
Separate preparations. Double Sulfur for cold-predominant; double Tea for heat-predominant. Take 1 qian with rice water. Take at dawn on attack day. Highly effective.
Exorcism, Moxibustion, and Acupuncture Methods:
*Qian Jin Yi*: Liver Malaria causes pale complexion, sighing, death-like state. Bleed Foot Jueyin. Heart Malaria causes severe irritability, desire for cold water, more cold than heat. Bleed Foot Shaoyin (Shenmen BL57). Spleen Malaria causes abdominal pain with cold, intestinal borborygmus with sweat during heat. Bleed Foot Taiyin. Lung Malaria causes severe heart cold, fright during heat, hallucinations. Bleed Hand Taiyin and Yangming. Kidney Malaria causes back/spine pain, difficult defecation, visual disturbances, cold limbs. Bleed Foot Taiyang and Shaoyin. Stomach Malaria causes morning chills, hunger but inability to eat, limb fullness, large abdomen. Bleed transverse vessels of Foot Yangming and Taiyin.
*Qian Jin Yi* Yellow帝 asks Qibo: Why do many methods fail? Qibo replies: There are 12 types of Malaria Ghosts. Yin hour: Prison death ghost. Treat by placing patient on kiln ashes, keep fire lit. Mao hour: Whipping death ghost. Burn five white clothes to ash, mix with wine/water. Chen hour: Falling tree death ghost. Place patient on high tree, block with thorns. Si hour: Burning death ghost. Surround patient with fire. Wu hour: Starvation death ghost. Hold burning fat in field. Wei hour: Drowning death ghost. Cross east-flowing stream three times. Shen hour: Self-stabbing death ghost. Stab grave with knife, invoke name. You hour: Slave death ghost. Lie on pestle/mortar, hide name. Xu hour: Hanging death ghost. Tie hands/feet/head with rope. Hai hour: Theft death ghost. Place knife on abdomen, arrow underneath. Zi hour: Widow death ghost. Lie naked, strike continuously, place water basin by road. Chou hour: Execution death ghost. Lie facing east, blood flows under head.
*Qian Jin Yi* Moxibustion Method:
Measure foot circumference including heel and toes. Place string on neck, reverse to back. Moxa at midpoint of spine opposite string end, 30 moxa cones. Repeat if chills return. Fast all day. Men left, women right.
*Wai Tai* citing *Jia Yi Jing* Moxibustion:
Acupoint near shoulder blade, 3 cun lateral to 6th thoracic vertebra. Tender point. Foot Taiyang channel. Moxa 5 cones. Treats spasms, rib pain, lung/heart issues, cough, asthma, nosebleeds, shoulder pain. Pediatric food stagnation, headache, malaria wind.
*Ying Tong Bao Jian* Moxibustion:
Moxa outer side of thumb and index finger for pediatric malaria.