《巢氏病源》小儿脱肛候∶脱肛者，肛门脱出也。肛门大肠之候，小儿患肛门脱出，多因利久肠虚冷，兼
因气，故肛门脱出，谓之脱肛也。
《圣惠》∶夫小儿痢脱肛者，皆因久痢，大肠虚冷所谓也。肛门为大肠之候，大肠伤于寒，痢而用力，其气
下冲，则肛门脱，因谓之脱肛也。
《婴童宝鉴》∶小儿肠脱为泻痢久不瘥，冷极肚肠滑。
《玉诀》小儿泻血、脱肛候歌∶
脱肛泻血本因伤，冷热攻脾损大肠。消渴口疮添上热，气虚浮肿面青黄。
此患先调胃气，后下虚积，次和脏腑即安。
《石壁经》三十六种内翻花脱肛候歌∶
本为医人下药凉，致令冷气入回肠。鼻头（一云鼻根）只见多青脉，唇白相兼更齿旁（一云根黄）。初患百朝常此候，
若经年月脸生光。眉红好哭唇干燥，形候分明要审详。
只当温大肠、止渴、调气则愈，慎不可食冷药也。
《颅囟经》治孩子脱肛方。
上用苦葫芦一个，并子细捣，时时水调服之。切忌动风之物。如泻血用栝蒌一个，慢火烧令熟，细研为末，
熟水下一钱。
《颅囟经》又方∶
大黄（二两） 木贼草（一分，炙） 白矾（半两，烧灰）
上为细末，空心，米饮下半钱。
《葛氏肘后》卒脱肛方。
上烧蜘蛛为灰，敷肛上。
《千金》鳖头丸 治小儿积冷久不瘥，后余脱肛不瘥，腹中冷，肛中疼痛，不得入者方。
死鳖头（二枚，炙令焦） 磁石（四两） 小 皮（一枚，炙令焦） 桂心（三两）
上四味末之，蜜丸如大豆。儿三岁至五岁服五丸至十丸，日三。儿大以意加之。
《外台》∶《古今录验》疗小儿久痢脱肛方。
鳖头（一枚，炙焦） 东壁土 五色龙骨（各五分） 卷柏（四分）
上四味捣散，以粉敷之，按内之即瘥。
《外台》∶《古今录验》又方
上取铁精粉敷内之瘥。
姚和众治小儿因痢脱肛方∶
连翘（不以多少，先用水洗去土）
上为细末，先用盐水洗，次用药末时时干敷脱肛上，立瘥。
长沙医者丁时发传治小儿脱肛不收方。
卷柏（二钱） 鳖（一枚，火 ） 白矾（一钱，火 ）
上件为末，先用盐水洗，次用药涂脱肛上，立瘥。
《千金》灸法；小儿脱肛，灸顶上旋毛中，三壮即入。
《千金》又灸尾翠骨三壮。
《千金》又灸脐中，随年壮。
《圣惠》灸法∶小儿脱肛泻血，每厕脏腑摄痛不可忍者，灸百食一穴三壮，在头中心陷者是也。炷如小麦大。
《圣惠》岐伯灸法∶疗小儿脱肛泻血，秋深不较，灸龟尾一壮，炷如小麦大，脊端穷骨也。
《万全方》灸法∶治小儿脱肛泻血，灸第十二椎下节间，名接脊穴，灸一壮，炷如小麦大。
《巢氏病源》关于小儿脱肛的论述：所谓脱肛，是指肛门向外脱出。肛门是大肠的外候（反映大肠状况的部位），小儿出现肛门脱出，多是因为长期腹泻导致肠道虚弱寒冷，再加上用力排便等因素，致使肛门脱出，这被称为脱肛。
《太平圣惠方》指出：小儿因痢疾导致脱肛，都是因为长期痢疾，导致大肠虚冷所致。肛门是大肠的外候，大肠受寒邪损伤，在痢疾时用力排便，气机向下冲逆，从而导致肛门脱出，因此称为脱肛。
《婴童宝鉴》认为：小儿肠道脱出是由于腹泻和痢疾长久不愈，寒气极盛导致肚肠滑脱。
《玉诀》中关于小儿泻血、脱肛的歌诀写道：
脱肛和泻血原本是因为受伤，冷热之邪侵袭脾脏并损伤大肠。消渴症和口疮会增加上焦的热象，气虚则导致浮肿，面色青黄。
治疗此病应先调理胃气，然后清除下焦的积滞，接着调和脏腑即可安宁。
《石壁经》中关于三十六种内翻花及脱肛的歌诀写道：
这原本是因为医生用药过于寒凉，导致冷气进入回肠。只见鼻头（一说鼻根）有很多青色脉络，嘴唇发白且伴有齿旁（一说牙根发黄）。初患病时一百天内常表现为这种症状，如果经过年月，脸色反而显得光亮。眉毛发红容易哭泣，嘴唇干燥，这些形征表现分明，需要仔细审察。
治疗应当温补大肠、止渴、调顺气机即可痊愈，切记不可食用寒凉药物。
《颅囟经》记载治疗小儿脱肛的方剂。
取苦葫芦一个，连同种子一起细细捣碎，时时用水调服。切忌食用动风的食物。如果是泻血，用一个栝蒌，慢慢烧熟，细细研磨成粉末，用温水送服一钱。
《颅囟经》另一个方剂：
大黄（二两） 木贼草（一分，炙烤） 白矾（半两，烧成灰）
将上述药材研为细末，空腹时用米汤送服半钱。
《千金方》中的鳖头丸，用于治疗小儿积冷长久不愈，随后遗留脱肛不愈，腹中寒冷，肛门疼痛且无法回纳的情况。
死鳖头（二枚，炙烤至焦黑） 磁石（四两） 小乌龟皮（一枚，炙烤至焦黑） 桂心（三两）
将这四味药研末，用蜂蜜制成如大豆大小的丸药。三岁至五岁的儿童每次服用五丸到十丸，每日三次。年龄较大的儿童酌情增加剂量。
《外台秘要》引用《古今录验》治疗小儿长期痢疾导致脱肛的方剂。
鳖头（一枚，炙烤至焦黑） 东壁土 五色龙骨（各五分） 卷柏（四分）
将这四味药捣碎过筛成散剂，用粉末外敷，并按压使其回纳，即可痊愈。
《外台秘要》又引《古今录验》的另一方：
取铁精粉敷于患处并按压使其回纳，即可痊愈。
姚和众治疗小儿因痢疾导致脱肛的方剂：
连翘（不限多少，先用水洗净泥土）
将上述药材研为细末，先用盐水清洗肛门，然后将药末随时干敷在脱出的肛门上，立即痊愈。
长沙医生丁时发传授的治疗小儿脱肛不能回纳的方剂：
卷柏（二钱） 鳖（一枚，火烤） 白矾（一钱，火烤）
将上述药材研为细末，先用盐水清洗，然后将药涂抹在脱出的肛门上，立即痊愈。
《千金方》的灸法：小儿脱肛，灸头顶旋毛中心处，灸三壮即可回纳。
《千金方》又灸尾翠骨（尾椎骨）三壮。
《千金方》又灸脐中，灸壮数随患儿年龄而定（随年壮）。
《太平圣惠方》的灸法：小儿脱肛伴泻血，每当上厕所时脏腑收缩疼痛难以忍受，灸百会穴三壮，该穴位位于头部正中央凹陷处。艾炷大小如小麦粒。
《太平圣惠方》引用岐伯的灸法：治疗小儿脱肛泻血，深秋时节病情未缓解，灸龟尾穴一壮，艾炷大小如小麦粒，龟尾穴即脊柱末端的穷骨处。
According to *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (Source of Diseases by Master Chao) regarding the condition of pediatric rectal prolapse: Rectal prolapse refers to the protrusion of the anus. The anus is an external indicator of the Large Intestine (Large Intestine). In children, rectal prolapse often occurs due to prolonged diarrhea leading to intestinal deficiency and coldness, combined with straining during defecation, causing the anus to protrude; this is termed "rectal prolapse."
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* (Imperial Grace Formulary of the Taiping Era) states: Pediatric rectal prolapse resulting from dysentery is caused by prolonged dysentery leading to deficiency and coldness of the Large Intestine. The anus serves as an external indicator of the Large Intestine; when the Large Intestine is injured by cold pathogens and one strains during dysenteric episodes, the Qi rushes downward, causing the anus to prolapse, hence it is called "rectal prolapse."
*Ying Tong Bao Jian* (Precious Mirror for Infants and Children) asserts: Intestinal prolapse in children results from chronic diarrhea and dysentery that fail to heal, where extreme cold causes the intestines to become slippery and slide out.
The song in *Yu Jue* regarding pediatric hematochezia and rectal prolapse states:
Rectal prolapse and hematochezia originally stem from injury, where cold and heat pathogens attack the Spleen and damage the Large Intestine. Thirst and mouth ulcers add upper jiao heat, while Qi deficiency leads to edema and a cyan-yellow complexion.
Treatment for this condition should first regulate Stomach Qi, then eliminate lower jiao accumulation, and subsequently harmonize the Zang-Fu organs to achieve peace.
The song in *Shi Bi Jing* (Stone Wall Classic) regarding the thirty-six types of internal inversion flowers and rectal prolapse states:
This was originally caused by physicians prescribing overly cooling medications, allowing cold Qi to enter the ileum. One observes many blue veins on the nose tip (or root), accompanied by white lips and yellowish gums (or roots). In the initial hundred days, these symptoms persist; if left for years, the face may appear unnaturally lustrous. Red eyebrows, frequent crying, and dry lips are clear signs that must be carefully examined.
Treatment should focus on warming the Large Intestine, quenching thirst, and regulating Qi to achieve recovery. Cold medicines must strictly be avoided.
*C Xu Jing* (Cranial Fontanelle Classic) records a formula for treating pediatric rectal prolapse.
Take one bitter gourd (*Lagenaria siceraria*), including its seeds, crush them finely, and administer mixed with water frequently. Foods that stir wind must be strictly avoided. For hematochezia, take one fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii (*Gualou*, 瓜蒌), slowly roast until cooked, grind into fine powder, and swallow one qian with warm water.
Another formula from *C Xu Jing*:
Rhubarb Rhizome (*Dahuang*, 大黄) (2 liang)
Equisetum Ramulum (*Muzei Cao*, 木贼草) (1 fen, roasted)
Alumen (*Bai Fan*, 白矾) (0.5 liang, burned to ash)
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. Take half a qian on an empty stomach with rice water.
*Ge Shi Zhou Hou* (Elbow Handbook of Ge Hong) provides a formula for sudden rectal prolapse.
Burn spiders into ash and apply it to the anus.
*Bie Tou Wan* (Softshell Turtle Head Pill) from *Qian Jin* (Thousand Gold Formulas) treats pediatric accumulation of cold that persists for a long time, followed by residual rectal prolapse that does not heal, abdominal coldness, anal pain, and inability to reduce the prolapse.
Dead Softshell Turtle Head (*Bie Tou*, 鳖头) (2 pieces, roasted until charred)
Magnetite (*Cishi*, 磁石) (4 liang)
Skin of small turtle (*Xiao Gui Pi*, 小龟皮) (1 piece, roasted until charred)
Cinnamon Twig Heart (*Guixin*, 桂心) (3 liang)
Grind these four ingredients into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of soybeans. Children aged three to five years take 5 to 10 pills per dose, three times daily. Older children increase the dosage according to their condition.
*Wai Tai Mi Yao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) cites *Gu Jin Lu Yan* (Recorded Experiences of Past and Present) for treating pediatric rectal prolapse due to chronic dysentery.
Softshell Turtle Head (*Bie Tou*, 鳖头) (1 piece, roasted until charred)
Earth from the East Wall (*Dong Bi Tu*, 东壁土)
Five-Color Dragon Bone (*Wu Se Long Gu*, 五色龙骨) (each 5 fen)
Serpyllum (*Juan Bai*, 卷柏) (4 fen)
Crush and sieve these four ingredients into a powder. Apply the powder externally and manually reduce the prolapse; it will heal.
*Wai Tai Mi Yao* again cites another formula from *Gu Jin Lu Yan*:
Apply Iron Essence Powder (*Tie Jing Fen*, 铁精粉) internally and manually reduce the prolapse; it will heal.
Yao Hezhong's formula for treating pediatric rectal prolapse due to dysentery:
Forsythia Fruit (*Lianqiao*, 连翘) (as needed, first washed with water to remove dirt)
Grind the above ingredient into a fine powder. First wash the area with salt water, then apply the dry powder to the prolapsed anus frequently; it will heal immediately.
Ding Shifa, a physician from Changsha, transmitted a formula for treating irreducible pediatric rectal prolapse.
Serpyllum (*Juan Bai*, 卷柏) (2 qian)
Softshell Turtle (*Bie*, 鳖) (1 piece, fire-roasted)
Alumen (*Bai Fan*, 白矾) (1 qian, fire-roasted)
Grind the above ingredients into powder. First wash with salt water, then apply the medicine to the prolapsed anus; it will heal immediately.
Moxibustion method from *Qian Jin*: For pediatric rectal prolapse, moxa is applied to the center of the whorl of hair on the vertex. Three moxa cones will cause reduction.
*Qian Jin* also prescribes moxibustion on the coccyx (tailbone) for three cones.
*Qian Jin* also prescribes moxibustion on the umbilicus, with the number of cones corresponding to the child's age ("Sui Nian Zhuang").
Moxibustion method from *Sheng Hui*: For pediatric rectal prolapse with hematochezia, when organ contraction causes unbearable pain during defecation, moxa is applied to Baihui (GV20) for three cones. This acupoint is located in the central depression of the head. The moxa cone should be the size of a wheat grain.
Qi Bo's moxibustion method from *Sheng Hui*: For treating pediatric rectal prolapse with hematochezia, if the condition persists late in autumn, moxa is applied to Guwei (CV1) for one cone, the size of a wheat grain. Guwei refers to the end of the spine, specifically the coccygeal vertebra.
*Mian Quan Fang* (Myriad Complete Formulas) moxibustion method: For treating pediatric rectal prolapse with hematochezia, moxa is applied to the space between the segments below the twelfth thoracic vertebra, known as Jieji (BL12? Note: Text says Jieji, typically associated with specific points near T12). One cone, the size of a wheat grain.