疟痰疟饮多呕逆，面黄目肿胸膈膨，痰盛清脾加橘半，饮盛加苍倍入苓。
【注】小儿素有痰饮，复因外邪凝结脾胃，故呕逆也。若疟疾或经汗下之后，表里无证，
宜用清脾饮以和之。痰盛者，本方加橘红倍半夏；饮盛者，加苍术倍茯苓；若儿气已虚
弱，更当加人参以扶其正。
加减清脾饮
柴胡 黄芩 半夏（姜制） 茯苓 甘草（炙） 浓朴（姜制） 青皮（醋炒） 槟榔 草果 人
参白术（土炒） 橘红 南苍术（炒）
引用生姜，水煎服。
【方歌】清脾治疟兼痰饮，柴芩半夏朴青榔，苓果气虚参术入，痰盛加橘饮盛苍。
肺病咳嗽有痰声，有声无痰咳之名，有痰无声谓之嗽，为病寒热食与风。
【注】《病机式要》云∶咳嗽谓有声有痰，因肺气受伤，动乎脾湿而然也。咳谓无痰而
有声，肺气伤而不清也。嗽谓无声而有痰，脾湿动而为痰也。二者虽俱属肺病，然又有肺
寒、肺热之分，食积、风寒之别，医者宜详辨之。
肺虚饮冷致咳嗽，面色 白痰涕清，圣惠橘皮宜初进，补肺阿胶久嗽灵。
【注】寒嗽者，因平素肺虚，喜啖生冷，以致寒邪伤肺，发为咳嗽。其证面色 白，痰
多清稀，鼻流清涕。初宜《圣惠》橘皮散主之，若日久不愈者，须以补肺阿胶散主之，则
气顺痰清而嗽自止矣。
圣惠橘皮散
人参 贝母 苏叶 陈皮 桔梗 杏仁（去皮尖炒）
引用红枣，水煎服。
【方歌】肺虚受寒频咳嗽，橘皮散治效通仙，参贝苏叶陈皮桔，杏仁微炒去皮尖。
补肺阿胶散
人参 阿胶（麸炒） 牛蒡子（炒） 马兜铃 杏仁（去皮尖，炒） 糯米 甘草（炙）
水煎，食后服。
【方歌】小儿肺寒时时嗽，补肺阿胶效若神，人参阿胶牛蒡子，杏仁糯米草兜铃。
疟疾伴有痰饮时，常出现呕吐和呃逆，面色发黄，眼睑浮肿，胸膈部胀满膨隆。若痰邪偏盛，应在清脾饮基础上加用橘红并加倍使用半夏；若水饮偏盛，应加用苍术并加倍使用茯苓。
【注】小儿平时体内素有痰饮，又因外感邪气凝结于脾胃，所以导致呕吐和呃逆。如果是疟疾或者经过发汗、攻下治疗后，表证和里证都已消失，适宜使用清脾饮来调和身体。痰邪盛者，本方加橘红并加倍半夏；水饮盛者，加苍术并加倍茯苓；如果小儿正气已经虚弱，更应当加入人参以扶助正气。
加减清脾饮
柴胡 黄芩 半夏（姜制） 茯苓 甘草（炙） 厚朴（姜制） 青皮（醋炒） 槟榔 草果 人参 白术（土炒） 橘红 南苍术（炒）
引用生姜，加水煎服。
【方歌】清脾饮治疗疟疾兼有痰饮，方中含柴胡、黄芩、半夏、厚朴、青皮、槟榔，气虚加人参、白术，痰盛加橘红，饮盛加苍术。
肺病咳嗽伴有痰声，只有声音没有痰液称为“咳”，有痰液没有声音称为“嗽”。引起这些病症的原因包括寒邪、热邪、食积和风邪。
【注】《病机式要》中说：咳嗽是指既有声音又有痰液，是因为肺气受伤，触动脾湿而形成的。咳是指没有痰液而有声音，是肺气受伤而不清利。嗽是指没有声音而有痰液，是脾湿动而生成的痰液。这两者虽然都属于肺病，但又有肺寒、肺热的区别，以及食积、风寒的不同，医生应该仔细辨别。
肺虚饮用冷饮导致咳嗽，面色㿠白，痰液和鼻涕清稀。初期适宜服用《圣惠方》中的橘皮散，久治不愈的咳嗽服用补肺阿胶散效果灵验。
【注】寒性咳嗽，是因为平时肺气虚弱，喜欢吃生冷食物，导致寒邪伤害肺部，引发咳嗽。其症状表现为面色㿠白，痰多且清稀，鼻子流出清涕。初期适宜用《圣惠方》橘皮散主治，如果日久不愈，必须用补肺阿胶散主治，这样气顺痰清，咳嗽自然停止。
圣惠橘皮散
人参 贝母 苏叶 陈皮 桔梗 杏仁（去皮尖炒）
引用红枣，加水煎服。
【方歌】肺虚受寒频繁咳嗽，橘皮散治疗效果通仙，方含人参、贝母、苏叶、陈皮、桔梗，杏仁微炒后去皮尖。
When malaria is accompanied by phlegm and fluid retention (Tan-Yin), symptoms often include vomiting and hiccups, a sallow complexion, swollen eyes, and distension or fullness in the chest and diaphragm. If phlegm predominates, add dried tangerine peel (Chenpi) and double the dosage of Pinellia Rhizome (Banxia) to Qingpi Yin. If fluid retention predominates, add Atractylodes Rhizome (Cangzhu) and double the dosage of Poria (Fuling).
[Note] Children who inherently have phlegm and fluid retention may suffer from vomiting and hiccups when external pathogens condense in the spleen and stomach. If malaria has occurred, or after sweating or purgative treatments have been administered, and there are no exterior or interior syndromes remaining, it is appropriate to use Qingpi Yin (Clear the Spleen Decoction) to harmonize the body. For cases with predominant phlegm, add dried tangerine peel and double the Banxia; for cases with predominant fluid retention, add Cangzhu and double the Fuling. If the child's healthy qi (Zhengqi) is already deficient, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) should be added to support the healthy qi.
Modified Qingpi Yin (Qingpi Yin Jia Jian)
Bupleurum Root (Chaihu), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Pinellia Rhizome (Banxia, processed with ginger), Poria (Fuling), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), Magnolia Bark (Houpo, processed with ginger), Green Tangerine Peel (Qingpi, stir-fried with vinegar), Areca Seed (Binglang), Tsaoko Cardamom Fruit (Caoguo), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu, stir-fried with soil), Dried Tangerine Peel (Juhong), Southern Atractylodes Rhizome (Nan Cangzhu, stir-fried).
Add fresh ginger as an adjuvant, decoct in water, and take orally.
[Formula Song] Qingpi Yin treats malaria complicated by phlegm and fluid retention; it contains Chaihu, Huangqin, Banxia, Houpo, Qingpi, and Binglang. For qi deficiency, add Renshen and Baizhu; for excess phlegm, add Juhong; for excess fluid retention, add Cangzhu.
In lung diseases, coughing accompanied by phlegm sounds indicates "cough" (Ke) if there is sound but no phlegm, and "sputtering" (Sou) if there is phlegm but no sound. The etiologies involve cold, heat, food stagnation, and wind.
[Note] *Bingji Shi Yao* states: "Ke" refers to having both sound and phlegm, caused by injury to lung qi stirring up spleen dampness. "Ke" (specifically referring to dry cough here) refers to having sound but no phlegm, indicating lung qi is injured and not clear. "Sou" refers to having phlegm but no sound, generated by spleen dampness moving to create phlegm. Although both belong to lung diseases, they are differentiated into lung cold and lung heat, as well as food stagnation and wind-cold. Physicians must distinguish them carefully.
Deficiency of the lung combined with drinking cold fluids leads to coughing, characterized by a pale white complexion, clear and thin phlegm, and clear nasal discharge. Initially, *Shenghui Fang*'s Chenpi San (Tangerine Peel Powder) is suitable; for chronic coughs that do not heal, Bufe Ejiao San (Tonify Lung Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction) is effective.
[Note] Cold-type cough arises because the lung is inherently deficient, and the habit of consuming raw and cold foods allows cold pathogens to injure the lung, triggering cough. Symptoms include a pale white complexion, abundant clear and thin phlegm, and clear nasal discharge. Initially, treat with *Shenghui Fang* Chenpi San. If it persists for a long time, treat with Bufe Ejiao San, which will smooth qi, clear phlegm, and stop the cough naturally.
Shenghui Chenpi San (Shenghui Tangerine Peel Powder)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu), Perilla Leaf (Suye), Dried Tangerine Peel (Chenpi), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), Apricot Seed (Xingren, skin and tip removed, stir-fried).
Add red dates as an adjuvant, decoct in water, and take orally.
[Formula Song] Lung deficiency with cold causing frequent coughing is treated effectively by Chenpi San; it contains Renshen, Beimu, Suye, Chenpi, and Jiegeng. Xingren is lightly stir-fried with skin and tip removed.
Bufe Ejiao San (Tonify Lung Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Donkey-Hide Gelatin (Ejiao, stir-fried with bran), Bullace Seed (Niubangzi, stir-fried), Aristolochia Root (Madouling), Apricot Seed (Xingren, skin and tip removed, stir-fried), Glutinous Rice (Nuomi), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted).
Decoct in water, take after meals.
[Formula Song] For children with lung cold causing intermittent coughing, Bufe Ejiao San is miraculous; it contains Renshen, Ejiao, Niubangzi, Xingren, Nuomi, Gancao, and Madouling.