夫汗者心之所藏在内为血发外者为汗盖汗乃心之液故人之气血平则宁偏则病经云阴虚阳
必凑
则发热而自汗阳虚而阴必乘则发厥而自汗皆由阴阳偏胜而致也小儿血气嫩弱肤腠未密若浓衣
温暖熏蒸脏腑脏腑生热热搏于心为邪所胜故液不能内藏熏出肌肤则为盗汗也又或伤于冷热冷
热交争阴阳不顺津液走泄亦令睡中汗自出其间有虚实之证虚者谓诸病后大汗后血气尚弱液溢
自汗或潮热或寒热发过之后身凉自汗日久令人黄瘦失治则变为骨蒸疳劳也丹溪云盗汗者谓睡
而汗出也不睡则不出汗出方其睡熟也 然出焉觉则止而不复出矣亦是心虚宜敛心气益肾水
使阴阳调和水火升降其汗自止钱氏云上至头下至项谓之六阳虚汗不须治之
钱氏云小儿睡而汗自出者肌肉虚也止汗散主之遍身汗出者香瓜丸主之上至胸下至脐此胃
虚也当补脾益黄散主之
脾虚泄泻自汗遍身冷而出有时遇泻则无泻过则有此候大虚急当补脾宜益黄散参苓白术散
附子理中汤之类
肺虚自汗其候右脸色多 白肺脉按之无力盖久因咳嗽连声不已痰少不治乃肺经气上壅致
令汗出宜补肝散藿香饮调脾此又益母救子之义也
慢惊自汗遍体俱有其冷如冰此证已危金液丹固真汤主之
有实证自汗外因感冒风邪发热无间昏醒浸浸汗出或浓衣卧而额汗出也当救表解肌用百解
散止汗散主之
小儿无疾但睡中遍身汗出如水觉而经久不干此名积证盗汗脾冷所致宜三棱散次益黄散主
之
有时时冷汗渐出发根如贯珠面额上 然此为惊汗宜镇惊丸琥珀抱龙丸及茯神汤加麻黄
根取
效有病困睡寐中而身体汗流此因阳虚所致久不已令人瘦瘠心气不足津液妄出故也用茯神汤加
黄与之
汗是心所藏的物质，在体内为血，发于体外则为汗。因为汗是心的体液，所以人的气血平和则安宁，偏盛偏衰则生病。《内经》说：阴虚则阳必凑集，从而发热并自汗；阳虚则阴必乘袭，从而发生厥逆并自汗。这都是由于阴阳偏胜所致。小儿气血嫩弱，皮肤腠理不致密，如果穿衣过厚，温暖熏蒸脏腑，脏腑生热，热邪搏结于心，被邪气所胜，导致津液不能内藏，熏蒸而出肌肤，就成为盗汗。又或者感受冷热之邪，冷热交争，阴阳不调，津液走泄，也令人在睡中汗自出。其中又有虚实之分。虚证是指各种疾病之后、大汗之后，血气尚且虚弱，津液外溢而自汗；或者潮热，或者寒热发作过后，身体凉爽时自汗，日久使人面色萎黄消瘦，若失治则会变为骨蒸疳劳。丹溪说：盗汗是指睡着时出汗，不睡则不出汗，在睡熟时自然流出，醒来则停止不再复出。这也是心气虚，宜收敛心气，补益肾水，使阴阳调和，水火升降正常，其汗自止。钱乙说：从头部到颈部称为“六阳虚”，这种汗不需要治疗。
钱乙说：小儿睡着时汗自出的，是肌肉虚，用止汗散主治；遍身汗出的，用香瓜丸主治；从胸部到脐部出汗的，这是胃虚，应当用补脾益黄散主治。脾虚泄泻伴自汗，遍身冷，出汗有时，遇到腹泻时不出汗，腹泻过后则有此症状，属大虚，急当补脾，宜用益黄散、参苓白术散、附子理中汤之类。肺虚自汗，其表现为右脸色多白，肺脉按之无力，盖因久咳连声不已，痰少不治，乃肺经气机上壅导致汗出，宜用补肝散、藿香饮调脾，这又是“益母救子”的道理。慢惊风自汗，遍体俱有，手足冷如冰，此证已危，用金液丹、固真汤主治。有实证自汗，外因感冒风邪，发热无间昏醒，浸浸汗出，或者穿衣过厚卧着而额头汗出，应当解表解肌，用百解散、止汗散主治。小儿无病但睡中遍身汗出如水，醒来后经久不干，这名叫积证盗汗，由脾冷所致，宜用三棱散，其次用益黄散主治。有时时时冷汗渐出，发根如贯珠状，面额上汗出，此为惊汗，宜用镇惊丸、琥珀抱龙丸及茯神汤加麻黄根取效。有病困倦睡寐中而身体汗流，这是因为阳虚所致，久不愈令人瘦瘠，心气不足，津液妄出，故用茯神汤加黄芪主治。
Sweat is the substance stored by the Heart; within the body it is Blood, and when emerging from the exterior it is Sweat. Since sweat is the fluid of the Heart, when a person's Qi and Blood are in balance, they remain tranquil; when there is excess or deficiency, disease arises. The *Neijing* states: When Yin is deficient, Yang inevitably converges, leading to fever and spontaneous sweating (Zi Han); when Yang is deficient, Yin inevitably overcomes, leading to Jue Ni (cold extremities with collapse) and spontaneous sweating. All these result from an imbalance of Yin and Yang. Children have tender and weak Qi and Blood, and their skin pores (Cou Li) are not dense. If dressed too warmly, the heat steams the Zang-Fu organs, generating internal heat. This heat binds with the Heart, where it is overcome by pathogenic factors, causing fluids to fail to be stored internally. Steaming out through the skin and muscles results in night sweats (Dao Han). Alternatively, if affected by cold or heat, the struggle between cold and heat disrupts the smooth flow of Yin and Yang, causing fluids to leak, also resulting in spontaneous sweating during sleep. Among these, there are deficiency and excess patterns. Deficiency patterns refer to cases after various illnesses or profuse sweating, where Qi and Blood are still weak, causing fluids to overflow and lead to spontaneous sweating; or tidal fever, or spontaneous sweating after the resolution of alternating chills and fever, leaving the body cool. Prolonged occurrence leads to sallow complexion and emaciation; if untreated, it may transform into bone-steaming malnutrition (Gu Lao). Danxi stated: Night sweats refer to sweating while sleeping, which ceases upon waking. It occurs naturally during deep sleep and stops when awake. This indicates Heart Qi deficiency, suitable for consolidating Heart Qi and nourishing Kidney Water to harmonize Yin and Yang, allowing the normal descent and ascent of Fire and Water, thereby stopping the sweat. Qian Yi stated: Sweating from the head down to the neck is called "Six Yang Deficiency," which requires no treatment.
Qian Yi stated: For children who sweat spontaneously during sleep due to muscle deficiency, use Zhi Han San (Stop Sweat Powder); for generalized sweating, use Xiang Gua Wan (Melon Pill); for sweating from the chest down to the umbilicus, indicating Stomach deficiency, treat by tonifying the Spleen using Yi Huang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). For Spleen deficiency with diarrhea and spontaneous sweating, accompanied by generalized coldness and intermittent sweating (absent during diarrhea but present after), this is a severe deficiency requiring urgent Spleen tonification, suitable for Yi Huang San, Shen Ling Bai Zhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder), or Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang (Aconite Decoction to Regulate the Middle). For Lung deficiency with spontaneous sweating, presenting with pallor on the right cheek and a weak Lung pulse upon palpation, often caused by prolonged coughing without adequate phlegm expulsion, leading to upward congestion of Lung Qi and subsequent sweating, use Bu Gan San (Tonify Liver Powder) and Huo Xiang Yin (Agastache Drink) to regulate the Spleen, following the principle of "nourishing the mother to save the child." For slow convulsions with generalized sweating and icy cold limbs, a critical condition, use Jin Ye Dan (Golden Liquid Pill) or Gu Zhen Tang (Secure the True Decoction). Excess pattern spontaneous sweating, caused externally by Wind-Cold invasion with continuous fever regardless of consciousness, manifesting as persistent sweating, or sweating on the forehead due to overdressing while lying down, should be treated by releasing the exterior and resolving the muscle layer using Bai Jie San (Hundred Resolutions Powder) or Zhi Han San. In healthy children who sweat profusely all over like water during sleep and remain wet for a long time upon waking, this is called accumulation-type night sweats caused by Cold Spleen, suitable for San Leng San (Curcuma Powder), followed by Yi Huang San. Occasional cold sweats emerging gradually with beads of sweat at the hair roots and sweating on the face and forehead indicate fright-induced sweating, suitable for Zhen Jing Wan (Settle Fright Pill), Hu Po Bao Long Wan (Amber Dragon-Embracing Pill), or Fu Shen Tang (Poria Decoction) added with Mahuang Gen (Ephedrae Radix et Rhizoma) for effect. Body sweating during sleep due to illness and lethargy is caused by Yang deficiency; if prolonged, it leads to emaciation and insufficient Heart Qi, causing fluids to escape recklessly. Therefore, use Fu Shen Tang added with Huang Qi (Astragali Radix).