〔曾〕口疮一证，形与名不同，故治法亦异。有发于未病之前，有生于已病之后，
大抵此疾不拘肥瘦，有血气盛者，又加将养过温，或心脾二经有热，或客热在胃，
熏逼上焦，而成其疮，此为实证，宜宣热拔毒，使无炎炽，自然作效，可用当归散
加升麻、干葛、黄芩，水姜葱灯心煎服，及投牛蒡汤、拔毒饮、木通散、点以消黄
散。若口内白烂于舌上，口外糜溃于唇弦，疮少而大，不甚为痛，常流清水，此因
脾胃虚热上蒸，内已先发、而后形于外，宜百解散疏表，当归散水姜枣煎服，和胃
气，理虚热，次投牛蒡汤、三解散，涂以绿袍散、立效饮、黄金散，或投天竺黄散、
地黄膏。若疮生于口角，是脾有积热，才开口，则燥痛，饮食多难，甚至再有外风
吹着，便觉坼裂，微有清血，谓之燕吻疮。治法同前药饵，轻者用甑盖上炊流汁涂
之，亦验。有口唇下成小片赤烂，此因饮食腻汁，淋漓不洁，盖以婴儿皮肉脆嫩，
浸渍成疮，及有风热乘之，名曰承浆疮，又谓之疳蚀疮，其所因者一也。治法同前
证内药剂。有无故口臭糜溃而不成疮，或服凉剂，或涂末药不能疗者，此名元焦。
故《叔和脉诀》曰∶阴数脾热并口臭。是脾家有虚热上攻于口，宜服回阳散，儿大
者用黑锡丹，早食前新汲水入盐少许，调匀送下，与正元气，及参苓白术散、调元
散、服之，以立效饮、黄金散、干点溃烂处，或用蒸蜜同熟水调点舌上，令其自化，
咽下无妨，仍忌毒物。
当归散（潮热） 牛蒡子汤（咽喉）
拔毒饮 解风热毒瓦斯上攻头项，浮肿作痛，发惊。又治发 。
天花粉（去粗皮，一两） 生地黄（净洗） 白芷 当归尾（酒洗） 桔梗（锉片，蜜水、炒
过） 甘草（五味各半两）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，煎七分，无时，温服。
木通散（淋） 消黄散（舌） 百解散（惊） 三解散（潮热） 绿袍散（舌）
立效饮 主口内、牙根、舌上、发疮作痛，致语言饮食不便。
净黄连（一两） 北细辛（去叶，二钱半） 玄明粉（二钱）
上细锉，或晒或焙，为末，仍同玄明粉乳钵内杵匀。每用一字，干点患处。或
以一钱，新汲井水调涂疮上。儿小者畏苦不肯点咽，用蜜水调敷患处，令其自化。
咽痛、茶清调下。
黄金散 解口内舌上疮毒。及治痘疮后目生翳膜。
黄柏（去粗皮，用生蜜润透，烈日晒干，再涂蜜晒，几十数次） 粉草（二味各一两）
上锉研为细末。治口疮，用药末干点患处，或用麦门冬熟水调点舌上，令其自
化。若痘疮后目生翳膜，汤泡澄清，无时，频洗，仍投糖煎散、柿煎散、二药。
天竺黄散 主上焦风热，口鼻生疮，两目赤肿，咽膈不利，涎壅、滞气不通畅，惊
搐烦闷，神思昏迷。
天竺黄 郁金（无，山栀仁代） 茯神（去皮根） 甘草（四味各半两） 硼砂 牙硝 白芷
川芎 僵蚕（去丝） 枳壳（麸炒微黄。各二钱半） 朱砂（水飞，二钱） 麝香（一字） 蝉
壳（十五枚，洗，去泥土嘴足）
上，除硼砂、牙硝、朱砂、麝香四味，乳钵细杵，余九味、焙干为末，同入乳
钵内，再杵匀。每服半钱或一钱，温薄荷汤无时调服。或麦门冬汤。
地黄膏 治口内舌上生疮作痛，饮食难进，昼夜烦啼。
山栀仁 绿豆粉（各一两半） 粉草（六钱）
上，或晒或焙，为末，用生地黄烂杵取汁一两半，好蜜一两半，以薄瓦器盛，
在铜铫中水煮成膏，稠糊相似，候冷，亭分入前药末，同在乳钵内再杵匀，丸芡
实大。每以一丸至二丸，麦门冬熟水无时化服。儿大者每用一丸，纳口内含化，
或以新汲水调点舌上。
回阳散（吐泻） 黑锡丹（大科头痛） 参苓白术散（不能食） 调元散（解颅）
〔薛〕诸疳口疮，因乳哺失节，或母食膏粱积热，或乳母七情郁火所致。其证，
口舌齿龈如生疮状，若发热作渴饮冷，额间色赤，左寸脉洪数者，此属心经，先用
导赤散清心火，次用地黄丸滋肾水。若寒热作渴，左颊青赤，左关脉弦洪者，属肝
经，先用柴胡栀子散清肝火，次用六味地黄丸生肝血。若两腮黄赤，牙龈腐烂，大
便酸臭，右关脉洪数，按之则缓者，属脾经，用四味肥儿丸治脾火，以五味异功散
补脾气。若发热咳嗽，右腮色赤，右寸脉洪数，按之涩者，属肺经，先用清肺饮治
肺火，用五味异功散补脾胃。若发热作渴，两颏黧色，左尺脉数者，属肾经不足，
先用六味地黄丸以生肾水，次用补中益气汤以生肺气。又有走马疳者，因病后脾胃
气血伤损，虚火上炎，或痘疹余毒上攻，其患甚速，急用铜碌散、大芜荑汤，轻则
牙龈腐烂，唇吻腮肿，重则牙龈蚀露，颊腮透烂。若饮食不入，喘促痰甚，此脾胃
虚而肺气败也。颊腮赤腐，不知痛者，此胃气虚甚而肉死也。并不治。
经云∶手少阴之经通于舌，足太阴之经通于口，因心脾二经有热，则口舌生疮
也。当察面图部位，分经络虚实而药之。若元气无亏，暴病口生白屑或重舌者，用
乱发缠指，蘸井花水揩之，或刺出毒血，以柳花散敷之，上若肿胀或有泡
者，并令刺破，敷前散，或以青黛搽之，刺后又生，又刺。若唇吻坼裂者，用当归
膏调柳花散敷之。若元气亏损，或服寒凉之药，或兼作呕少食者，此虚热也，用五
味异功散加升麻、柴胡。若泄泻作渴者，脾胃虚弱也，用七味白术散。若腹痛恶寒
者，脾胃虚寒也，用六君、姜、桂。若因母食酒面煎爆者，用清胃散。若因母饮食
劳役者，用补中益气汤。肝脾血虚者，用加味逍遥散。郁怒内热者，用加味归脾汤，
母子并服。若泥用降火，必变慢脾风矣，仍参吐舌弄舌治之。凡针重舌，以线针直
刺，不可横挑，恐伤舌络，致言语不清也。
〔东垣〕清胃散 治胃经有热，齿牙作痛，或饮冷作渴，口舌生疮，或唇口肿痛，
连头面，或重舌马牙，吐舌流涎。若因服克伐之剂，脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或弄
舌流涎，或呕吐困睡、大便不实者，用五味异功散。
升麻（五分） 生地黄（四分） 黄连 牡丹皮（各三分） 当归稍（四分）
上，水煎服，婴儿母亦服。
清热消毒散 治实热口舌生疮，及一切疮疡肿痛，形病俱实者。
黄连（炒） 山栀（炒） 连翘 当归（各五分） 川芎 芍药（炒） 生地黄（各六分）
金银花（一钱） 甘草（二分）
上，水煎服，婴儿母同服。
四君子汤 治脾气虚热，口舌生疮，或但胃气复伤，饮食少思，或食而难化，若作
呕泄泻，尤宜用之。如兼痰嗽气逆，肢体倦怠，面目浮肿，宜用六君子汤。
六君子汤 治脾胃气虚，吐泻不食，肌肉消瘦，或肺虚痰嗽，喘促恶寒，或惊搐口
直口噤诸证。（二立见不能食）
五味异功散 治脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或因误服克伐之剂，脾胃复伤而口舌生疮，
或弄舌流涎，吐泻不止，饮食少思，或惊搐痰嗽，睡而露睛，手足并冷。若母有
病致儿患者，子母并服。
柳叶散 治热毒口疮。
黄柏（炒） 蒲黄 青黛（真正者） 人中白（ 。各等分）
上为末。敷之。
〔简〕如圣散 治小儿口疮，不能吃乳者。江子一粒或二粒，研烂不去油，入朱砂、
黄丹、敷纸绢上，少许剃开小儿囟门，贴在囟上，如四边起粟米泡，便用温水洗
去药，恐成疮，更用菖蒲水洗，其效如神。
〔世〕南星膏 治口疮小儿难用药。以大天南星去皮，取中心龙眼大为末，却用酸醋
涂脚心，甚妙。
〔千〕治小儿口疮饮乳不得。以白矾如鸡子大，置醋中，涂儿足底，二七次即愈。
〔无〕牡蛎散 治小儿口疮。
牡蛎（ 通红，取出、候冷，研细，纸裹，入土中七日、出毒，三钱） 甘草（炙，为末，一钱）
上，和匀。时时挑少许掺口中，或吐，皆无害。
〔田〕口疮治法，乳母同儿宜服洗心散、泻心汤，后用黄柏末研细糁之。（泻心汤方，黄连一
味，为末，蜜水调，不可煎）
〔汤〕治口疮验方
黄柏（蜜炙赤，半两） 青黛（一分）
上二件，为末。频糁口内愈。
〔斗〕口疮，服凉药不愈者，此中焦气不足，虚火泛上，宜附子理中汤。
【曾氏论述】口疮这一病症，其形态与名称并不完全对应，因此治疗方法也各不相同。有的发生在疾病未发之前，有的产生于疾病发生之后。大抵这种病不论患者胖瘦，若是血气旺盛之人，又因调养过度导致身体过热，或者心经、脾经有热，或是外感的热邪停留在胃中，熏蒸逼迫上焦，从而形成口疮，这属于实证，应当采用宣散热邪、拔除毒邪的方法，使火热之气不再炽盛，自然就会见效。可以使用当归散加入升麻、干葛（葛根）、黄芩，用水、生姜、葱白、灯心草煎服；也可以服用牛蒡子汤、拔毒饮、木通散，并在患处点涂消黄散。如果口腔内舌头上出现白色糜烂，口腔外嘴唇边缘溃烂，疮疡数量少但面积大，疼痛不剧烈，经常流出清水，这是因为脾胃虚热向上蒸腾，内部先发病变而后表现在外部，应当用百解散疏解表邪，用当归散加水、生姜、大枣煎服以调和胃气、调理虚热，随后再投服牛蒡子汤、三解散，并涂抹绿袍散、立效饮、黄金散，或者服用天竺黄散、地黄膏。如果疮疡生在口角处，这是脾脏有积热，刚张开嘴就会感到干燥疼痛，饮食大多困难，甚至再有外风吹袭，就会觉得裂开，微微流出清血，这叫做燕吻疮。治疗方法同前面的药物，轻症可以用蒸笼盖上时流下的冷凝水汁液涂抹，也有疗效。有的人下唇部位成片发红糜烂，这是因为饮食油腻汤汁淋漓不洁，加上婴儿皮肤肌肉脆嫩，被浸渍而成疮，再加上风热之邪侵袭，名叫承浆疮，又叫做疳蚀疮，其成因是一样的。治疗方法同前证内的药剂。有的人无缘无故口臭、糜烂却不形成疮疡，或者服用凉药、涂抹药末都不能治愈的，这名叫元焦。所以《叔和脉诀》说：“阴脉数且脾热并见，伴有口臭。”这是脾家有虚热向上攻冲于口，应当服用回阳散，年龄较大的儿童可用黑锡丹，早晨进食前用新汲井水加入少许盐，调匀后送服，以补益正气，以及参苓白术散、调元散等服用，并用立效饮、黄金散干掺在溃烂处，或者用蒸熟的蜂蜜加熟水调匀点在舌上，让它自行融化，咽下去也无妨，但仍需忌食有毒之物。
当归散：主治潮热。
牛蒡子汤：主治咽喉病。
拔毒饮：解除风热毒瓦斯上攻头项引起的浮肿疼痛、惊风。又治痘疹初起。
配方：天花粉（去粗皮，一两）、生地黄（净洗）、白芷、当归尾（酒洗）、桔梗（锉成片，用蜜水炒过）、甘草（五味各半两）。
制法：以上药材切碎。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，煎至七分，不拘时候，温服。
木通散：主治淋证。
消黄散：主治舌病。
百解散：主治惊风。
三解散：主治潮热。
绿袍散：主治舌病。
立效饮：主治口腔内、牙根、舌上生疮作痛，导致语言饮食不便。
配方：净黄连（一两）、北细辛（去叶，二钱半）、玄明粉（二钱）。
制法：以上药材细细切碎，或晒干或焙干，研为粉末，仍同玄明粉在乳钵内杵匀。每次取一字量，干掺在患处。或者取一钱，用新汲井水调匀涂抹在疮上。幼儿害怕苦味不肯吞咽时，用蜜水调敷患处，让它自行融化。若咽痛，用茶清调下。
黄金散：解除口腔内舌上的疮毒。又治痘疮痊愈后眼睛生翳膜。
配方：黄柏（去粗皮，用生蜜润透，烈日晒干，再涂蜜晒，重复几十次）、粉草（即甘草，这两味各一两）。
制法：以上药材切碎研为细末。治疗口疮，用药末干掺在患处，或者用麦门冬熟水调匀点在舌上，让它自行融化。若痘疮后眼睛生翳膜，用热水冲泡澄清，不拘时候，频繁清洗，同时投服糖煎散、柿煎散这两种药。
天竺黄散：主治上焦风热，口鼻生疮，两眼红肿，咽喉膈部不利，痰涎壅盛、气机不畅，惊厥抽搐烦闷，神志昏迷。
配方：天竺黄、郁金（若无，可用山栀仁代替）、茯神（去皮根）、甘草（这四味各半两）、硼砂、牙硝、白芷、川芎、僵蚕（去丝）、枳壳（麸炒微黄，各二钱半）、朱砂（水飞，二钱）、麝香（一字）、蝉壳（十五枚，洗净，去掉泥土、嘴和脚）。
制法：以上药材，除了硼砂、牙硝、朱砂、麝香四味在乳钵内细杵外，其余九味焙干研为粉末，一同放入乳钵内，再杵匀。每次服用半钱或一钱，不拘时候用温薄荷汤调服，或者用麦门冬汤调服。
地黄膏：治疗口腔内舌上生疮作痛，饮食难进，昼夜烦躁啼哭。
配方：山栀仁、绿豆粉（各一两半）、粉草（六钱）。
制法：以上药材，或晒干或焙干，研为粉末，用生地黄捣烂取汁一两半，好蜂蜜一两半，用薄瓦器盛装，在铜锅中水煮成膏状，稠糊相似，冷却后，分成若干份，加入前药末，同在乳钵内再杵匀，制成如芡实大小的丸剂。每次取一至二丸，用麦门冬熟水不拘时候化服。年龄较大的儿童每次用一丸，含在口中慢慢融化，或者用新汲井水调匀点在舌上。
回阳散：主治吐泻。
黑锡丹：主治成人头痛。
参苓白术散：主治不能进食。
调元散：主治解颅（囟门迟闭）。
【薛氏论述】各种疳疾引起的口疮，是因为哺乳喂养没有节制，或者母亲食用肥甘厚味导致积热，或者是乳母七情郁结化火所致。其症状表现为口舌齿龈像生了疮一样，如果发热口渴想喝冷水，额头颜色发红，左手寸脉洪数，这属于心经病变，先用导赤散清心火，随后用地黄丸滋肾水。如果有寒热交替、口渴，左脸颊青红，左手关脉弦洪，这属于肝经病变，先用柴胡栀子散清肝火，随后用六味地黄丸生肝血。如果两腮黄赤，牙龈腐烂，大便酸臭，右手关脉洪数，按之则缓，这属于脾经病变，用四味肥儿丸治脾火，用五味异功散补脾气。如果发热咳嗽，右腮色赤，右手寸脉洪数，按之涩，这属于肺经病变，先用清肺饮治肺火，用五味异功散补脾胃。如果发热口渴，两下巴颜色黧黑，左手尺脉数，这属于肾经不足，先用六味地黄丸生肾水，随后用补中益气汤生肺气。又有走马疳这种病，因为病后脾胃气血受损，虚火上炎，或者痘疹余毒上攻，病情发展非常迅速，急用铜碌散、大芜荑汤治疗。轻症则牙龈腐烂，嘴唇腮部肿胀；重症则牙龈蚀露，脸颊腮部透烂。如果饮食无法进入，气喘急促痰多，这是脾胃虚弱而肺气败坏的表现。脸颊腮部赤色腐烂，不知疼痛，这是胃气极度虚弱而肌肉坏死的表现。这些都不治。
经文说：手少阴心经通于舌，足太阴脾经通于口，因为心脾二经有热，所以口舌生疮。应当观察面部图部位，分辨经络虚实来用药。如果元气没有亏损，突发疾病口生白屑或重舌的，用乱发缠在手指上，蘸井花水擦拭，或者刺出毒血，用柳花散敷贴。如果上面有肿胀或有泡的，都令刺破，敷上前文提到的散剂，或者用青黛搽抹，刺后又生，再刺。如果嘴唇裂开，用当归膏调柳花散敷贴。如果元气亏损，或者服用寒凉药物，或者兼有呕吐、食欲减少的，这是虚热，用五味异功散加升麻、柴胡。如果泄泻口渴，是脾胃虚弱，用七味白术散。如果腹痛恶寒，是脾胃虚寒，用六君子汤加生姜、肉桂。如果因为母亲食用酒面煎炸食物引起的，用清胃散。如果因为母亲饮食劳累引起的，用补中益气汤。肝脾血虚的，用加味逍遥散。郁怒内热的，用加味归脾汤，母子一起服用。如果拘泥于使用降火药，一定会变成慢脾风，仍需参考吐舌弄舌的治疗方法。凡是针刺重舌，要用线针直刺，不可横挑，恐怕损伤舌络，导致言语不清。
【东垣论述】清胃散：治疗胃经有热，牙齿疼痛，或者喝冷饮口渴，口舌生疮，或者嘴唇口部肿痛，连及头面，或者重舌马牙，吐舌流涎。如果因为服用克伐药物，导致脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或者弄舌流涎，或者呕吐困倦嗜睡、大便不成形的，用五味异功散。
配方：升麻（五分）、生地黄（四分）、黄连、牡丹皮（各三分）、当归稍（四分）。
制法：以上药材，水煎服，婴儿的母亲也要服用。
清热消毒散：治疗实热引起的口舌生疮，以及一切疮疡肿痛，形体和病症都属于实证的。
配方：黄连（炒）、山栀（炒）、连翘、当归（各五分）、川芎、芍药（炒）、生地黄（各六分）、金银花（一钱）、甘草（二分）。
制法：以上药材，水煎服，婴儿的母亲一起服用。
四君子汤：治疗脾气虚热，口舌生疮，或者只是胃气再次受伤，饮食缺乏兴趣，或者吃了难以消化，如果伴有呕吐泄泻，尤其适宜使用。如果兼有痰嗽气逆，肢体倦怠，面目浮肿，宜用六君子汤。
六君子汤：治疗脾胃气虚，呕吐泄泻不食，肌肉消瘦，或者肺虚痰嗽，气喘促迫恶寒，或者惊厥抽搐口直口噤等各种证候。（出自《小儿药证直诀》，用于不能进食的情况）
五味异功散：治疗脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或者因为误服克伐药物，脾胃再次受伤而口舌生疮，或者弄舌流涎，呕吐泄泻不止，饮食缺乏兴趣，或者惊厥痰嗽，睡觉时眼睛睁开，手脚冰冷。如果母亲有病导致孩子患病，母子一起服用。
柳叶散：治疗热毒口疮。
配方：黄柏（炒）、蒲黄、青黛（真正的）、人中白（煅，各等分）。
制法：以上药材研为粉末。敷贴患处。
【简氏论述】如圣散：治疗小儿口疮，不能吃奶的。江子一粒或两粒，研烂不去油，加入朱砂、黄丹，敷在纸绢上，稍微剃开小儿囟门，贴在囟门上，如果四周起了粟米大小的泡，就用温水洗去药物，恐怕形成疮疡，再用菖蒲水洗，效果神奇。
【世氏论述】南星膏：治疗口疮小儿难喂药的。用大天南星去皮，取中心部分如龙眼大小研为粉末，然后用酸醋涂脚心，非常奇妙。
【千氏论述】治疗小儿口疮吃奶困难。用白矾如鸡蛋大，放在醋中，涂在孩子的足底，十四次即可痊愈。
【无氏论述】牡蛎散：治疗小儿口疮。
配方：牡蛎（烧通红，取出，冷却，研细，用纸包裹，埋入土中七日以去毒性，三钱）、甘草（炙，研为粉末，一钱）。
制法：以上药材混合均匀。不时挑少许掺入口中，即使吐出，也没有害处。
【田氏论述】口疮的治疗方法，乳母与孩子宜一起服用洗心散、泻心汤，随后用黄柏末研细撒布患处。（泻心汤方，仅黄连一味，研为粉末，用蜜水调服，不可煎煮）
[Discussion by Zeng] The condition of mouth sores (Kou Chuang) varies in manifestation and nomenclature, thus requiring different treatment methods. Some occur prior to the onset of other diseases, while others arise after a disease has manifested. Generally, this ailment affects individuals regardless of their body constitution. In those with robust blood and qi, if they are over-nourished or kept too warm, or if there is heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians, or exogenous heat lingering in the Stomach, steaming and forcing upwards to the Upper Jiao, mouth sores may form. This is considered an Excess pattern (Shi Zheng), suitable for treatments that vent heat and extract toxins to prevent excessive inflammation, which will naturally yield results. One may use Danggui San (Angelica Decoction) augmented with Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gange (Puerariae Radix), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), decocted with water, fresh ginger, scallion, and Dengxincao (Junci Medulla). Alternatively, Niubang Tang (Arctii Decoction), Baidu Yin (Toxin-Extracting Drink), Mutong San (Akebiae Decoction) may be administered, and Xiaohuang San (Yellow-Removing Powder) applied topically. If white erosion appears on the tongue inside the mouth, and ulceration occurs on the lip margins outside, with few but large sores that are not very painful and often discharge clear fluid, this is due to deficiency-heat steaming upwards from the Spleen and Stomach. The pathology originates internally before manifesting externally. Treatment should involve using Baijie San (Hundred-Resolving Powder) to release the exterior, and Danggui San decocted with water, fresh ginger, and jujube to harmonize the Stomach Qi and regulate deficiency-heat. Subsequently, Niubang Tang and Sansanjie San (Three-Resolving Powder) may be given, with Lvpaos San (Green-Robe Powder), Lixiao Yin (Rapid-Efficacy Drink), or Huangjin San (Golden Powder) applied topically. Alternatively, Tianzhuhuang San (Calami Decoction) or Dihuang Gao (Rehmannia Ointment) may be administered. If sores appear at the corners of the mouth, it indicates accumulated heat in the Spleen; upon opening the mouth, dryness and pain are felt, making eating difficult. If exposed to external wind, cracking occurs with slight bleeding, termed Yanwen Chuang (Swallow-Kiss Sore). The treatment follows the previous prescriptions. For mild cases, condensation water from a steamer lid can be applied, which is also effective. Small patches of red erosion under the lower lip, caused by unclean, greasy food residues dripping onto the tender skin of infants, leading to maceration and subsequent invasion of wind-heat, is named Chengjiang Chuang (Chengjiang Sore) or Gan Shi Chuang (Carious Erosion Sore), sharing the same etiology. Treatment follows the previous formulas. If there is unexplained halitosis and erosion without distinct sore formation, or if cooling agents and topical powders fail to cure, it is called Yuan Jiao (Original Scorched). As stated in *Shuhe Maijue* (Pulse Secrets of He Shuhe): "Yin pulse rapid with Spleen heat accompanied by halitosis." This indicates deficiency-heat attacking the mouth from the Spleen. Hu yang San (Restore Yang Powder) should be taken. For older children, Heixi Dan (Black Tin Pill) can be used, taken early in the morning with fresh well water and a pinch of salt to tonify original Qi, along with Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Atractylodes Macrocephala and Poria Decoction) and Tiaoyuan San (Regulate Origin Powder). Topically, apply Lixiao Yin and Huangjin San dry to the ulcerated areas, or mix steamed honey with cooked water to apply on the tongue, allowing it to melt naturally; swallowing is harmless. Avoid toxic foods.
Danggui San: Treats tidal fever.
Niubangzi Tang (Arctii Seed Decoction): Treats throat conditions.
Baidu Yin: Resolves wind-heat toxin attacking the head and neck causing swelling, pain, and fright. Also treats early-stage pox.
Ingredients: Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix, peeled, 1 liang), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, washed), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Dangguiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix tail, wine-washed), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, sliced, honey-fried), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, half liang each of five flavors).
Preparation: Coarsely crush. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct in 1 cup of water until 0.7 cups remain. Take warm at any time.
Mutong San: Treats strangury.
Xiaohuang San: Treats tongue conditions.
Baijie San: Treats fright.
Sansanjie San: Treats tidal fever.
Lvpaos San: Treats tongue conditions.
Lixiao Yin: Treats sores in the mouth, gums, and tongue causing pain and difficulty in speech and eating.
Ingredients: Jing Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, purified, 1 liang), Beixixin (Asari Radix, leaves removed, 2.5 qian), Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite, 2 qian).
Preparation: Finely chop, dry or bake, grind into powder, and mix thoroughly with Mirabilite in a mortar. Apply a small amount ("one character" weight) dry to the affected area. Or take 1 qian, mix with fresh well water, and apply to the sore. If the child fears the bitter taste, mix with honey water and apply. For sore throat, take with tea infusion.
Huangjin San: Resolves toxin in mouth and tongue sores. Also treats corneal opacity after pox.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, bark removed, moistened with raw honey, sun-dried, re-coated with honey and dried repeatedly), Fengan (Licorice Root, both ingredients 1 liang each).
Preparation: Chop and grind into fine powder. For mouth sores, apply powder dry to the lesion, or mix with Ophiopogonis Decoction to apply on the tongue to melt. For post-pox eye opacity, steep in hot water, clarify, and wash frequently. Also administer Tangjian San and Shijian San.
Tianzhuhuang San: Treats wind-heat in the Upper Jiao, sores in mouth and nose, red and swollen eyes, pharyngeal obstruction, salivary congestion, stagnant Qi, fright convulsions, irritability, and coma.
Ingredients: Tianzhuhuang (Calamus), Yujin (Curcumae Radix, substitute with Zhizi if unavailable), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, skin and roots removed), Gancao (Licorice Root, all four 0.5 liang each), Pengsha (Borax), Yaxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus, silk removed), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried light yellow, 2.5 qian each), Zhusha (Cinnabar, water-triturated, 2 qian), Shexiang (Moschus, one character), Chanqiao (Cicadae Periostracum, 15 pieces, cleaned).
Preparation: Triturate Borax, Natrii Sulfas, Cinnabar, and Moschus finely in a mortar. Dry and powder the remaining nine ingredients, then mix together in the mortar. Take 0.5 or 1 qian, mixed with warm Mentha Decoction or Ophiopogonis Decoction at any time.
Dihuang Gao: Treats sores in mouth and tongue causing pain, difficulty eating, and day-night crying.
Ingredients: Shanzhiren (Gardeniae Semen, 1.5 liang each), Lüdoufen (Vigna Radiata Powder, 1.5 liang), Fengan (Licorice Root, 6 qian).
Preparation: Dry or bake, grind into powder. Extract juice from 1.5 liang of fresh Rehmannia root by pounding, mix with 1.5 liang of good honey. Boil in a thin clay vessel over a copper pot until ointment consistency. Cool, divide into portions, mix with powder, and tritate in a mortar. Form pills the size of a Chinese quince seed. Take 1-2 pills dissolved in Ophiopogonis Decoction at any time. Older children can hold one pill in the mouth to melt, or apply with fresh well water.
Hu yang San: Treats vomiting and diarrhea.
Heixi Dan: Treats severe headache in adults.
Shenling Baizhu San: Treats inability to eat.
Tiaoyuan San: Treats fontanelle delay (wide open fontanelles).
[Discussion by Xue] Various types of Gan syndrome mouth sores are caused by irregular breastfeeding, maternal consumption of rich/greasy foods leading to accumulated heat, or emotional stagnation transforming into fire in the nursing mother. Symptoms include mouth, tongue, and gums resembling sores. If accompanied by fever, thirst for cold drinks, red forehead, and a rapid, surging pulse at the left Cun position, it belongs to the Heart Meridian. First use Daochi San (Moutan and Gardenia Decoction) to clear Heart Fire, then use Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill) to nourish Kidney Water. If alternating chills and fever, thirst, cyanotic-red left cheek, and a string-taut, surging pulse at the left Guan position, it belongs to the Liver Meridian. First use Chaihu Zhizi San (Bupleurum and Gardenia Decoction) to clear Liver Fire, then use Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) to generate Liver Blood. If yellow-red cheeks, rotting gums, sour-smelling stool, and a rapid, surging yet soft pulse at the right Guan position, it belongs to the Spleen Meridian. Use Siwei Fei'er Wan (Four-Ingredient Child-Nourishing Pill) to treat Spleen Fire, and Wuyi Gong San (Five-Agent Merit Powder) to tonify Spleen Qi. If fever, cough, red right cheek, and a rapid, rough pulse at the right Cun position, it belongs to the Lung Meridian. First use Qingfei Yin (Clear Lung Drink) to treat Lung Fire, and Wuyi Gong San to tonify Spleen and Stomach. If fever, thirst, dark color on both chin areas, and rapid pulse at the left Chi position, it indicates Kidney Meridian insufficiency. First use Liuwei Dihuang Wan to generate Kidney Water, then use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) to generate Lung Qi. There is also Zouma Gan (Running Horse Gan), where post-illness damage to Spleen/Stomach Qi and Blood causes deficiency-fire to flare up, or residual toxicity from pox attacks upwards. It progresses rapidly. Urgently use Tonglu San and Da Wuyi Tang. Mild cases show gum erosion and lip/cheek swelling; severe cases show exposed eroded gums and perforated cheek ulcers. If unable to eat, with panting and profuse phlegm, this is Spleen/Stomach deficiency and Lung Qi failure. If cheeks are red and rotting but painless, this is extreme Stomach Qi deficiency and muscle necrosis; these are untreatable.
The Classics state: The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian connects to the tongue, and the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian connects to the mouth. Heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians causes mouth and tongue sores. Observe facial regions to differentiate meridian excess/deficiency and prescribe accordingly. If original Qi is intact but acute sores or double tongue appear, wrap hair around a finger, dip in well water to wipe, or prick to bleed, then apply Liuhua San (Willow Flower Powder). If swelling or blisters exist, prick them and apply the powder, or use Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis). If lips crack, use Danggui Gao (Angelica Ointment) mixed with Liuhua San. If original Qi is deficient, or after taking cold medicines, or with vomiting/poor appetite indicating deficiency-heat, use Wuyi Gong San augmented with Shengma and Chaihu. If diarrhea with thirst indicates Spleen/Stomach weakness, use Qiwei Baizhu San (Seven-Ingredient Atractylodes Decoction). If abdominal pain and aversion to cold indicate Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold, use Liujun Zi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) with Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). If caused by maternal consumption of alcohol/wheat/fried foods, use Qingwei San (Clear Stomach Powder). If caused by maternal dietary labor, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang. For Liver/Spleen Blood deficiency, use Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder). For internal heat from anger/frustration, use Jiawei Guipi Tang (Modified Restore the Spleen Decoction); mother and child take together. Relying solely on fire-clearing drugs will lead to Man Pi Feng (Slow Spleen Wind). Refer to treatments for tongue protrusion/manipulation. For acupuncture of double tongue, use a thread needle for vertical insertion, do not pierce horizontally to avoid damaging tongue collaterals and affecting speech.
[Discussion by Dongyuan] Qingwei San: Treats Stomach Meridian heat causing tooth pain, thirst after cold drinks, mouth/tongue sores, lip/mouth swelling extending to head/face, double tongue, horse teeth, tongue protrusion, and drooling. If caused by harsh medications leading to Spleen/Stomach deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, tongue manipulation, drooling, vomiting, lethargy, or loose stools, use Wuyi Gong San.
Ingredients: Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 5 fen), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, 4 fen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, both 3 fen), Danggui shao (Angelicae Sinensis Radix tip, 4 fen).
Preparation: Decoct in water. Infant's mother should also take it.
Qingre Xiaodu San: Treats excess-heat mouth/tongue sores and all swellings/pains of sores where both form and disease are excess.
Ingredients: Huanglian (fried), Shanzhi (fried), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, all 5 fen), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, fried), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, all 6 fen), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, 1 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 fen).
Preparation: Decoct in water. Infant's mother takes it together.
Sijunzi Tang (Four-Gentlemen Decoction): Treats Spleen Qi deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, or renewed Stomach Qi injury with poor appetite/digestion. Especially suitable if vomiting/diarrhea occurs. If accompanied by phlegm-cough, Qi rebellion, fatigue, and edema, use Liujunzi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction).
Liujunzi Tang: Treats Spleen/Stomach Qi deficiency with vomiting/diarrhea/anorexia, emaciation, Lung deficiency with phlegm-cough, panting/aversion to cold, or fright convulsions with jaw stiffness. (From *Xiao'er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue*, for anorexia).
Wuyi Gong San: Treats Spleen/Stomach deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, or renewed injury from harsh meds causing sores, tongue manipulation, drooling, persistent vomiting/diarrhea, poor appetite, fright convulsions/phlegm-cough, sleeping with open eyes, and cold extremities. If illness transmits from mother to child, both take it.
Liuye San: Treats heat-toxin mouth sores.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, fried), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, authentic), Renzhongbai (Human Tooth Ash, calcined, all equal parts).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Apply.
[Discussion by Jian] Rusheng San: Treats infant mouth sores preventing breastfeeding. Take 1-2 Jiangzi (Crotonis Fructus), pound without removing oil, add Zhusha (Cinnabar) and Huangdan (Minium), spread on paper/silk. Shave a small part of the infant's fontanelle and paste the medicine on it. If millet-sized blisters appear around, wash off with warm water to prevent sores, then wash with Acorus water. Effect is miraculous.
[Discussion by Shi] Nanxing Gao: For infants with mouth sores difficult to medicate. Peel large Arisaema rhizome, take center portion size of a longan, grind to powder. Apply vinegar to soles of feet. Very effective.
[Discussion by Qian] Treats infant mouth sores preventing breastfeeding. Take alum size of a chicken egg, soak in vinegar, apply to soles of feet. After 14 applications, it cures.
[Discussion by Wu] Muli San: Treats infant mouth sores.
Ingredients: Muli (Ostreae Shell, calcined red, cooled, ground fine, wrapped in paper, buried in soil for 7 days to remove toxicity, 3 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, powdered, 1 qian).
Preparation: Mix evenly. Pick up small amounts occasionally and sprinkle into mouth. Vomiting is harmless.
[Discussion by Tian] Treatment for mouth sores: Mother and child should take Xixin San and Xiexin Tang (Clear Heart Decoction), then sprinkle fine Huangbai powder. (Xiexin Tang formula: Only Huanglian, powdered, mixed with honey water, do not decoct).
[Discussion by Tang] Verified Formula for Mouth Sores
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, honey-roasted red, 0.5 liang), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, 1 fen).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Frequently sprinkle into mouth to cure.
[Discussion by Dou] For mouth sores not cured by cooling medicines, this is insufficient Qi in the Middle Jiao with floating deficiency-fire. Use Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Regulate the Middle Decoction).