（湿病有出于天气者，雨露之属是也，多伤人脏气。有出于地气者，泥水之属是也，多
伤人
不遑
之亏
能转
满，
也。
也，
当辨
寒湿
凉，
其变
或
（仲景） 治太阳病发汗后，大汗出，胃中干，烦躁不得眠。欲饮水者，少少与之，令
胃气和则愈。若脉浮，小便不利，微热消渴者，此汤主之。及中风发热，六七日不解而烦，
有表里证，渴欲饮水，水入即吐，名曰水逆。（表以外证未罢言，里以烦渴属腑言。邪热挟
积饮上逆，故外水格而不入。）及伤寒痞满，服泻心汤不解，渴而烦躁，小便不利。（功擅荡
热导饮，故亦为消痞良方。程郊倩曰∶邪在上焦，而治在下焦者，使浊阴出下窍，而清阳之
在上窍者，自能宣化矣。心邪不从心泻，而从小便泻，又一法也。汪 庵曰∶此乃正治，非
又一法也，乃脏实而泻其腑也，）通治诸湿腹满，水饮水肿，呕逆泄泻。水寒射肺，或喘或
咳。中暑烦渴，身热头痛。膀胱积热，便秘而渴。霍乱吐泻，痰饮湿疟，身痛身重。（此皆
伤湿之见证也。湿胜则脾不运，土不能制水，溢于皮肤，则肿胀。并于大肠，则泄泻。水停
心下，则呕逆。水寒射肺，则喘咳。暑先入心，故烦渴。五苓利小水，降心火，故兼治中暑
烦
湿胜，则身痛身重。大抵下不通利，则阴阳不能升降，而变证多矣。）
猪苓 茯苓 术（炒共十八铢） 泽泻（一两六铢半） 桂（半两。按杂病当用桂，伤
寒证中表
伤暑者，
太阳之热，传入膀胱之腑，故口渴而便不通。经曰∶淡味渗泄为阳，二苓甘淡，入肺而
通膀
其化
制水
使，
不利
义。
一曰
辛热
曰∶
当下
热而
经之
发热
湿热
而渴
伤
利
阴
去桂，名四苓散。（李东垣曰∶无恶寒证，不可用桂。周扬俊曰∶五苓为渴而小便不利
者设
小便
加
思饮
泽泻
名茯苓
加川
与
暑
赤
淋
胃苓
湿也
亦致
消导
当
汤
（湿病有源于天气的，如雨露之类，多损伤人的脏气。有源于地气的，如泥水之类，多损伤人体下部。）应当辨别寒湿与湿热之不同，其变化或偏于寒凉……
（张仲景）治疗太阳病发汗后，大汗出，导致胃中干燥，烦躁不得安眠。想要喝水的人，少量给予饮水，使胃气调和则痊愈。如果脉象浮，小便不利，微热且消渴（口渴多饮），此方主治。以及中风发热，六七日未解且心烦，表里证俱在，口渴想喝水，但水入即吐，名叫水逆。（所谓“表”，是指外部证候尚未解除；所谓“里”，是指烦渴属于膀胱腑病。邪热挟带积饮上逆，所以外部的饮水被格拒而不能进入。）以及伤寒导致的痞满，服用泻心汤后未缓解，出现口渴且烦躁，小便不利。（本方功效擅长荡涤热邪、引导水饮，所以也是消除痞满的良好方剂。程郊倩说：邪气在上焦，却治疗下焦，是使浊阴从下窍排出，而在上窍的清阳自然能够宣通化生。心邪不通过心脏直接泻除，而是从小便泻除，这是另一种方法。汪庵说：这是正治法，不是另一种方法，这是脏实而通过泻其相合之腑来治疗。）通用治疗各种湿病引起的腹满，饮水后水肿，呕吐逆气，泄泻。水寒之气射肺，或者气喘或者咳嗽。中暑引起的烦渴，身体发热头痛。膀胱积热，便秘且口渴。霍乱引起的吐泻，痰饮、湿疟，身体疼痛身体沉重。（这些都是伤湿的表现。湿邪胜则脾不运化，土不能制约水，水溢于皮肤，则肿胀。并入大肠，则泄泻。水停于心下，则呕吐逆气。水寒射肺，则喘咳。暑气先入心，所以烦渴。五苓散利小便，降心火，所以兼治中暑烦渴。湿邪胜，则身体疼痛身体沉重。大抵之下不通利，则阴阳不能升降，而产生多种变证。）
猪苓、茯苓、白术（炒，共十八铢）、泽泻（一两六铢半）、桂枝（半两。按杂病当用肉桂，伤寒证中若表证未解……若伤暑者……太阳之热传入膀胱之腑，所以口渴而小便不通。经上说：淡味具有渗泄作用为阳，猪苓、茯苓甘淡，入肺而通膀胱……其气化功能……制约水液……使小便通利……含义。一说辛热……曰：当下……热而……经之……发热……湿热……而渴……伤……利……阴……去桂枝，名为四苓散。（李东垣说：没有恶寒证，不可用桂枝。周扬俊说：五苓散是为口渴而小便不利者设立的……小便……加……思饮……泽泻……名茯苓……加川……与……暑……赤……淋……胃苓……湿也……亦致……消导……当……汤……）
(There are dampness diseases originating from the weather, such as rain and dew, which often damage the Zang organs. There are those originating from the earth, such as mud and water, which often damage the lower part of the human body.) One must distinguish between cold-dampness and damp-heat, and their variations may lean towards cold...
(Zhang Zhongjing) Treats Taiyang disease (Disease of the Bladder and Small Intestine channels) after sweating therapy: excessive sweating leads to dryness in the Stomach, restlessness, and inability to sleep. For those desiring water, give it in small amounts frequently; when the Stomach Qi harmonizes, the patient recovers. If the pulse is floating, urination is difficult, there is slight fever, and polydipsia (excessive thirst), this formula governs. Also for wind-stroke with fever, unresolved after six or seven days accompanied by vexation, presenting both exterior and interior signs, thirst craving water but vomiting immediately upon ingestion, named Water Reversal (Shui Ni). ("Exterior" refers to unresoved external signs; "Interior" refers to vexation and thirst belonging to the Fu organ [Bladder]. Pathogenic heat carrying accumulated fluid rebels upward, thus ingested water is rejected and cannot enter.) Also for Cold Damage causing epigastric fullness, where Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) failed to resolve symptoms, leading to thirst, vexation, and difficult urination. (This formula excels at clearing heat and guiding out fluids, making it an excellent prescription for dissipating fullness. Cheng Jiaoqian said: The pathogen is in the Upper Jiao, yet treated via the Lower Jiao, allowing turbid yin to exit through the lower orifices, so that clear yang in the upper orifices can naturally be disseminated and transformed. Heart pathogen is not drained directly from the Heart, but via urination; this is another method. Wang An said: This is standard treatment, not another method; it treats a solid Zang by draining its paired Fu organ.) It generally treats various dampness diseases causing abdominal fullness, edema after drinking water, vomiting and reflux, diarrhea. Cold-water attacking the Lung causes either asthma or cough. Summerheat causing vexation and thirst, fever and headache. Heat accumulation in the Bladder causing constipation and thirst. Cholera causing vomiting and diarrhea. Phlegm-fluid retention, damp-malaria, body pain and heaviness. (These are all manifestations of injury by dampness. When dampness prevails, the Spleen fails to transport, Earth fails to control Water, overflowing into the skin causing swelling. Merging into the Large Intestine causing diarrhea. Water stopping below the Heart causing vomiting and reflux. Cold-water attacking the Lung causing asthma and cough. Summerheat enters the Heart first, hence vexation and thirst. Wuling San promotes urination and descends Heart Fire, hence also treating summerheat vexation and thirst. Dampness prevailing causes body pain and heaviness. Generally, if the lower orifices are not unobstructed, Yin and Yang cannot ascend and descend, leading to many complicated changes.)
Zhu Ling (Polypori Umbellati Sclerotium), Fu Ling (Poria), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, stir-fried, total 18 zhu), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang 6 zhu half), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, half liang. Note: For miscellaneous diseases, Rou Gui should be used; in Cold Damage cases where the exterior syndrome... If injured by summerheat... Heat of Taiyang transmits to the Bladder Fu organ, hence thirst and urinary obstruction. The Classic states: Bland flavors have seeping and draining properties, which are Yang. Zhu Ling and Fu Ling are sweet and bland, entering the Lung and connecting to the Bladder... Their qi transformation function... Controls water... Promotes urination... Meaning. Some say pungent and hot... Says: Should drain... Heat and... Via the Classic... Fever... Damp-heat... And thirst... Injury... Drain... Yin... Remove Gui Zhi, named Siling San. (Li Dongyuan said: Without aversion to cold, Gui Zhi should not be used. Zhou Yangjun said: Wuling San is established for those with thirst and difficult urination... Urination... Add... Desire to drink... Ze Xie... Named Fuling... Add Chuan... With... Summerheat... Red... Lin syndrome... Weiling... Dampness... Also causes... Digestion and guidance... Should... Decoction...)