（附论）
夫古人治病。先论其所主。男子调其气。妇人调其血。血室不虚。则二气谐和。血室凝
结。
汗。
明了
小
五
无
属抵当汤证也。伤寒胃实谵语宜下之。妇人热入血室谵语者。不可下也。虽然妇人伤寒。与
男子治法不同。男子先调气。女子先调血。此大略之词耳。要之脉紧无汗名伤寒。脉缓有汗
为伤风。热病脉洪大。中暑脉细弱。其证一也。假如中 用白虎。胃实用承气。岂必调血
后行汤耶。仲景伤寒论。所以不分妇人者。良亦在学人皆可随病于男子药证中。以意选用也
。夫妇人恶寒者。亦有阴阳二证。发热而恶寒者。发于阳也。无热而恶寒者。发于阴也。发
于阳者宜解表。脉必浮数。发于阴者宜温里。脉必沉细。又有汗后利后恶寒。及背恶寒。以
上疾证。不复繁引。尝治一妇人。但恶寒。别无他证。六脉平静。遂用败毒散而安。此药能
去表中风邪故也。经云。恶寒家慎不可遏。当覆衣被及近火气。寒热相搏。脉道沉伏。愈令
病患寒。不可遏。但去被撤火。兼以和表之药。自然不恶寒矣。妇人恶寒。尤不可近火。寒
气入腹。血室结聚。针药所以不能治矣。新产妇人有三病。一者病痉。二者病郁冒。三者大
便
血虚而厥。厥而必冒。冒家欲解。必大汗出。以此观之。郁冒为虚寒可知矣。又或少阴病下
利止。而头眩。时时自冒者。又为死证。盖谓其虚极而脱也。观其郁冒。幸无忽焉。产妇伤
寒。或妇人伤寒。可得闻与。曰伤寒三百九十七条。一百一十三方。此张氏截然之笔削也。
于某证则有某药。何尝以男女为别哉。要之。月事去来。产前产后。男子所无。请发明其蕴
。以解世俗之惑。盖妇人以血为主。发热恶寒。经水适来。经曰。热除而胸满。谵语者。是
则邪气结于胸胁。当刺期门。随其实而取之。伤风。经曰。续生寒热。发作似疟。而经水适
断者。是则血结不行。当以小柴胡汤散之。所谓治之而愈者此也。要如伤寒发热经水适来。
昼醒暮谵。如见鬼状。是里无留邪。热随血行。所谓不治自愈者此也。前胡吐血方血归条。
并以犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、抵当汤丸之类。言之详矣。抑产前产后。治法将何择焉。曰
。产前安胎。产后消瘀。于是遵根据条例。斟酌轻重而调理之。安胎者何。桑寄生、阿胶、缩
砂为要药。他如桂枝、半夏、桃仁、大黄堕胎及燥热等辈。则不可轻用也。消瘀者何。川芎
、蒲黄、赤芍药、生地黄为要药。他如内补拦住。止血之剂。则不可轻进也。朱氏以阿胶、
桑寄生、人参、茯苓、白术研为细末。糯米饮调剂。为孕妇安胎。以红花一分。官桂、芍药、
甘草、半夏、姜、枣同煎。为解表消瘀。以葱白、生姜。大剂浓汁为产前发散。以小柴胡汤
去
真可活人。然则产妇证治。观之可以问津索涂矣。虽然知安胎则不可不调气。知消瘀不可不
扶虚。枳壳、香附、陈皮以调气也。当归、川芎、黄 、人参以扶虚也。退热则柴胡、黄
芩。解肌则紫苏、干葛。滋肠则麻仁、枳壳。助阳则干姜、良姜。其间采摭。虽未备古人之
经。然而甘辛为阳。酸苦为阴。皆不越古人之意。姑存之篇末。以便学人之观览云。男子妇
人伤寒。仲景治法别无异议。比见民间有妇人伤寒方书。称仲景所撰。而王叔和为之序。以
法考之。间有可取。疑非古方。特假圣人之名。以信其说。寡妇之病。自古未有言者。惟仓
公传与褚澄略而论及。言寡者孟子所谓无夫曰寡是也。如师尼丧夫之妇。独阴无阳。欲男子
而不可得。是以 成病也。易曰。天地 。万物化醇。男女媾精。万物化生。孤阳独阴。
可乎。夫既处闺门。欲心萌而不遂。致阴阳交争。乍寒乍热。有类疟疾。久则为劳
闭白淫。痰逆头风。膈气痞闷。面 瘦瘠等证。皆寡妇之病证。其脉独肝脉弦。出
鱼际。究其脉原。其疾皆血盛而得。经云。男子精盛则思室。女人血盛则怀胎。观
思过半矣。
方
桂枝红花汤（出大全良方）治妇人伤寒。发热恶寒。四肢拘急。口燥舌干。
经
脉凝滞。不得
桂心（桂枝亦可二两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（三两） 红花（二两） 上 咀。每服
五钱。水一
黄芩芍药汤（出活人书）疗妇人伤寒。口燥咽干。腹满不思饮食。
黄芩 白芍药 白术 生干地黄（各一两） 上 咀。每服半两。水一盏。煎至七分。
去滓温
当归汤（出活人书）治妇人伤寒。喘急烦躁。或战而作寒。阴阳俱虚。不可
下。
柴胡（三两） 白术（二两） 人参 甘草 赤芍药 当归（各二两） 五味子 木通
（各半两）
泻心三黄汤（出大全良方）治妇人伤寒六七日。胃中有燥屎。大便难。烦躁
谵
语。目赤。毒
川大黄 鼠尾黄芩 鹰爪黄连（等分） 上为粗末。每服四钱。水一盏。煎至八分。去
滓温服
增损理中丸 大小陷胸汤丸不愈者宜与之。
人参 白术 栝蒌 牡蛎（各二两） 甘草（炒三两） 干姜（炮一两半） 枳壳（炒
二十四个）
不过五六。胸
亦可。
桂枝加芍药当归汤（出拔粹方）治妇人伤寒脉浮。头肿自利。腹中切痛不可
忍。
桂枝 芍药 当归（各一两） 上锉细。每服一两。水煎服。
荆芥散（出济生拔粹方） 二三日后。经水复行。前证俱退。宜此。小柴胡汤一料加荆
芥穗五
防风汤（出济生拔粹方）三二日复宜正脾胃之气。兼除风邪。
苍术（四两） 防风（三两） 当归（一两） 羌活（一两半） 上为粗末。水煎服。
麻黄加生地黄汤（出济生拔粹方）治妇人伤寒。脉浮而紧。头疼身热恶寒。
无
汗发汗。后恐
麻黄（二两半） 桂枝（一两） 甘草（半两） 杏仁（二十五个去皮尖） 生地黄（一
两） 上锉细
小柴胡加葛根汤（出济生拔粹方）治妇人伤寒。太阳经传。表证仍在。而自
利
并阳明也。
柴胡（一两） 甘草（六钱） 大枣（三枚） 人参（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 生姜（三
分） 葛根（三
桂枝加附子红花汤（出济生拔粹方）治妇人伤寒。表虚自汗身凉。四肢拘
急。
脉沉而迟。太
桂枝（二两半） 芍药 生姜（各一两半） 甘草（一两炙） 附子（炮） 红花（各
五钱） 上锉细
小柴胡加芒硝大黄汤（出济生拔粹方）治妇人伤寒。头痛脉浮。医反下之。
邪
气乘虚而传于
沉而数当下之。脉
柴胡（二两） 黄芩（七钱半） 半夏（制一两五钱） 甘草（七钱半） 大黄（七钱）
芒硝（七钱）
硝再沸温服。金沸草散 治伤寒。中脘有痰。令人壮热。头痛筋紧急。发寒热。皆类伤风。
荆芥穗（四两） 半夏 甘草 北细辛（各一两） 赤茯苓（二两） 前胡 旋复花（各
三两） 上
局方有麻黄
青竹茹汤 治妇人病未平复。因有所动。致热气上冲胸。手足拘急搐搦如中风
状。宜此汤。
栝蒌根无黄者一两。青竹茹刮半斤淡竹是 上以水二升半。煮取一升二合。去滓。分二
三服
当归白术汤（出活人书） 治妇人病未平复。因有所动。小腹急痛。腰胯痛。四肢不仁。
举动
白术 当归 桂枝 附子（生） 甘草 芍药 黄 人参（各二钱半） 生姜（半两）
上锉。
生地黄丸（出永类钤方）治患恶风体倦。乍寒乍热。面赤心烦。或时自汗。
是
时疫气大行。
无寒邪脉。但厥阴
北柴胡 秦艽 黄芩（各半两） 生地黄（二两） 赤芍药（一两） 上为细末。炼蜜
为丸。如梧
附术散（出危氏方）治伤寒手足逆冷。筋脉拘急。汗出不止。项强直。摇头
口
噤。时发时止
附子 白术（各一两） 川芎〔二（三）钱〕 肉桂（二钱） 独活（半两） 上为细
末。每服三钱
桂枝加芍药汤（出济生拔粹方）治妇人伤寒。中风自汗。头痛项背强。发热
恶
寒。脉浮而缓
桂枝（一两） 赤芍药（三两半） 生姜（一两半） 大枣（六枚） 上锉细。每服五
丸。水煎服。
葛根汤（出产经）治刚痉无汗恶风。产后有疾。凡用麻黄更宜斟酌。产后五
七
日。强力下床
病之初。眼涩口噤
风所得然。
葛根（一两） 麻黄（去根节炮） 僵蚕（各三分） 桂枝 粉草 芍药（各半两） 大
枣（三
枚）
答曰。
不恶寒
桂枝加葛根汤（出产经）治柔痉有汗。不恶寒。
桂枝 芍药 甘草（各六钱三字） 干葛（一两三分） 生姜（一两） 枣（四枚） 上
咀。
每服
麻黄
多惊
芩。
桂心白术汤（出大全良方）治伤寒阴痉。手足厥冷。筋脉拘急。汗出不止。
白术 桂心 附子（炮） 防风 川芎 甘草〔各两半（半两）〕 上 咀。每服五钱。
水二盏
附子防风散（出大全良方）治伤寒阴痉。手足厥冷。闭目合面。筋脉拘急。
汗
出不止。
柴胡（一两半） 五味子 白术（各一两） 茯苓 甘草 干姜 附子（炮） 防风（各
三分）
八物白术散（出大全良方）治伤寒阴痉。三日不瘥。手足厥冷。筋脉拘急无
汗。恐阴气内伤
白术 麻黄（去根节） 茯苓 五味子 羌活（各半两） 附子（炮） 桂心（各三分）
良姜（一
宜斟酌用
参苏饮（出大全良方）治感冒发热头痛。或因痰饮凝积。发以为热。并宜服
之。若感冒发热
开胃进食。小儿室女
前胡 人参 紫苏 干葛 半夏 茯苓〔加二（三）分〕 枳壳 陈皮 甘草 桔梗 木
香（
时候
过多
荆芥散（出拔粹方）疗时气风温寒热。瘴疟往来潮热。并宜服之。
陈皮 麻黄 香附子 甘草（各一两） 荆芥穗 浓朴（各二两） 草果仁（三个） 白
芷桂心
服。无时候
麻黄汤（出危氏方）发散四时伤寒。潮热头痛。时疫。
前胡 柴胡（各去毛） 石膏 苍术（锉炒） 本 赤芍药 白芷 土芎 干葛 升
麻（各五
春加黄芩。
退阴散（出大全良方）治阴毒伤寒。手足逆冷。脉沉细。头痛腰重。连进三
服。小小伤冷。
干姜 川芎 上等分为粗末。炒令黄色。候冷捣为末。每服一钱。水一盏。盐一捻。煎
至半
小柴胡加地黄汤（出圣惠方）治妇人室女伤寒发热。经水适来。或适断。昼
则
明了。夜则谵
柴胡（一两一分） 人参 半夏（汤洗七次） 黄芩 甘草 生干地黄（各半两） 上
粗末。每用
三黄熟艾汤（出大全良方）治伤寒四五日。大下。热痢时作。服白通汤诸药
多
不止。宜服此
黄芩 黄连 黄柏（各二分） 熟艾（半个鸡子大） 上 咀。每服三钱重。水一盏。
煎至七分
又方（出直指方）治妇人伤寒。呕血。继而齿缝皆流血不止。
开口川椒（四十九粒） 上用法。醋一大盏同煎。临热入白矾少许漱口。含在口中少顷。
吐出
治妇人伤寒。得病虽瘥。未满百日。不可与交合。为阴阳之病。必拘急手足拳欲
死。丈夫病
（出本草）
用干姜四两为末。汤调连服。以衣被出汗方解。手足伸而愈。
（附论）
古人治病，先论述其主治原则。男子调理气机，女子调理血液。血室不虚，则阴阳二气和谐；血室凝结，则……（原文此处有脱漏或错简，似指病理变化）。
小……五……无……属抵当汤证也。伤寒胃实谵语宜下之。妇人热入血室谵语者，不可下也。虽然妇人伤寒，与男子治法不同。男子先调气，女子先调血，这是大概的说法。总之，脉紧无汗名为伤寒，脉缓有汗为伤风，热病脉洪大，中暑脉细弱，其证候表现是一样的。假如中暑用白虎汤，胃实用承气汤，难道一定要先调血后再行汤药吗？张仲景《伤寒论》之所以不区分妇人，是因为学者都可以随病症在男子的药证中，凭意选用。至于妇人恶寒，也有阴阳两种证候。发热而恶寒的，发于阳经；无热而恶寒的，发于阴经。发于阳经的宜解表，脉必浮数；发于阴经的宜温里，脉必沉细。又有汗后、利后恶寒，以及背恶寒等以上疾证，不再繁复引用。曾治疗一位妇人，只觉恶寒，别无其他证候，六脉平静，于是用败毒散而痊愈。此药能去除表中风邪的缘故。医经说：恶寒的患者慎不可遏制其寒象，应当覆盖衣被及靠近火气。若寒热相搏，脉道沉伏，更令病患寒冷，不可遏制。只需去掉衣被撤去火源，兼以和表之药，自然就不恶寒了。妇人恶寒，尤其不可靠近火源，寒气入腹，血室结聚，针药就不能治愈了。新产妇人有三病：一者病痉，二者病郁冒，三者大便难。血虚而厥，厥而必冒。郁冒家欲解，必大汗出。以此观之，郁冒为虚寒可知矣。又或少阴病下利止，而头眩，时时自冒者，又为死证。盖谓其虚极而脱也。观其郁冒，幸无忽焉。产妇伤寒，或妇人伤寒，可以听我说说吗？回答说：伤寒三百九十七条，一百一十三方，这是张氏截然的笔削。对于某证则有某药，何尝以男女为区别呢？总之，月事来去，产前产后，是男子所没有的，请阐明其中的蕴义，以解世俗之惑。大概妇人以血为主，发热恶寒，经水适来。经曰：热除而胸满，谵语的，是邪气结于胸胁，当刺期门穴，随其实而取之。伤风，经曰：续生寒热，发作似疟，而经水适断者，是血结不行，当以小柴胡汤散之。所谓治之而愈者，就是这个道理。要如伤寒发热经水适来，昼醒暮谵，如见鬼状，是里无留邪，热随血行，所谓不治自愈者，就是这个道理。前胡吐血方血归条，并以犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、抵当汤丸之类，言之详矣。抑产前产后，治法将何择焉？回答说：产前安胎，产后消瘀。于是遵根据条例，斟酌轻重而调理之。安胎者什么？桑寄生、阿胶、缩砂为要药。其他如桂枝、半夏、桃仁、大黄堕胎及燥热等辈，则不可轻用也。消瘀者什么？川芎、蒲黄、赤芍药、生地黄为要药。其他如内补拦住，止血之剂，则不可轻进也。朱氏以阿胶、桑寄生、人参、茯苓、白术研为细末，糯米饮调剂，为孕妇安胎。以红花一分，官桂、芍药、甘草、半夏、姜、枣同煎，为解表消瘀。以葱白、生姜，大剂浓汁为产前发散。以小柴胡汤去……真可活人。然则产妇证治，观之可以问津索涂矣。虽然知安胎则不可不调气，知消瘀不可不扶虚。枳壳、香附、陈皮以调气也。当归、川芎、黄芪、人参以扶虚也。退热则柴胡、黄芩，解肌则紫苏、干葛，滋肠则麻仁、枳壳，助阳则干姜、良姜。其间采摭，虽未备古人之经，然而甘辛为阳，酸苦为阴，皆不越古人之意。姑存之篇末，以便学人之观览云。男子妇人伤寒，仲景治法别无异议。比见民间有妇人伤寒方书，称仲景所撰，而王叔和为之序。以法考之，间有可取，疑非古方，特假圣人之名，以信其说。寡妇之病，自古未有言者，惟仓公传与褚澄略而论及。言寡者孟子所谓无夫曰寡是也。如师尼丧夫之妇，独阴无阳，欲男子而不可得，是以……成病也。易曰：天地……万物化醇。男女媾精，万物化生。孤阳独阴，可乎？夫既处闺门，欲心萌而不遂，致阴阳交争，乍寒乍热，有类疟疾，久则为劳……闭白淫，痰逆头风，膈气痞闷，面……瘦瘠等证，皆寡妇之病证。其脉独肝脉弦，出鱼际。究其脉原，其疾皆血盛而得。经云：男子精盛则思室，女人血盛则怀胎。观……思过半矣。
桂枝红花汤（出自《大全良方》），治妇人伤寒，发热恶寒，四肢拘急，口燥舌干，经脉凝滞，不得……
桂心（桂枝亦可，二两） 芍药（二两） 甘草（三两） 红花（二两） 上[捣]咀。每服五钱，水一[盏]……
黄芩芍药汤（出自《活人书》），疗妇人伤寒，口燥咽干，腹满不思饮食。
黄芩 白芍药 白术 生干地黄（各一两） 上[捣]咀。每服半两，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温……
当归汤（出自《活人书》），治妇人伤寒，喘急烦躁，或战而作寒，阴阳俱虚，不可下。
柴胡（三两） 白术（二两） 人参 甘草 赤芍药 当归（各二两） 五味子 木通（各半两）……
泻心三黄汤（出自《大全良方》），治妇人伤寒六七日，胃中有燥屎，大便难，烦躁谵语，目赤，毒……
川大黄 鼠尾黄芩 鹰爪黄连（等分） 上为粗末。每服四钱，水一盏，煎至八分，去滓温服……
增损理中丸 大小陷胸汤丸不愈者宜与之。
人参 白术 栝蒌 牡蛎（各二两） 甘草（炒三两） 干姜（炮一两半） 枳壳（炒二十四个）……不过五六，胸……亦可。
桂枝加芍药当归汤（出自《拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒脉浮，头肿自利，腹中切痛不可忍。
桂枝 芍药 当归（各一两） 上锉细。每服一两，水煎服。
荆芥散（出自《济生拔粹方》），二三日后，经水复行，前证俱退，宜此。小柴胡汤一料加荆芥穗五……
防风汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），三二日复宜正脾胃之气，兼除风邪。
苍术（四两） 防风（三两） 当归（一两） 羌活（一两半） 上为粗末，水煎服。
麻黄加生地黄汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒，脉浮而紧，头疼身热恶寒，无汗发汗，后恐……
麻黄（二两半） 桂枝（一两） 甘草（半两） 杏仁（二十五个去皮尖） 生地黄（一两） 上锉细……
小柴胡加葛根汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒，太阳经传，表证仍在，而自利并阳明也。
柴胡（一两） 甘草（六钱） 大枣（三枚） 人参（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 生姜（三分） 葛根（三……
桂枝加附子红花汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒，表虚自汗身凉，四肢拘急，脉沉而迟，太……
桂枝（二两半） 芍药 生姜（各一两半） 甘草（一两炙） 附子（炮） 红花（各五钱） 上锉细……
小柴胡加芒硝大黄汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒，头痛脉浮，医反下之，邪气乘虚而传于……沉而数当下之，脉……
柴胡（二两） 黄芩（七钱半） 半夏（制一两五钱） 甘草（七钱半） 大黄（七钱） 芒硝（七钱）……硝再沸温服。
金沸草散，治伤寒，中脘有痰，令人壮热，头痛筋紧急，发寒热，皆类伤风。
荆芥穗（四两） 半夏 甘草 北细辛（各一两） 赤茯苓（二两） 前胡 旋复花（各三两） 上……局方有麻黄……
青竹茹汤，治妇人病未平复，因有所动，致热气上冲胸，手足拘急搐搦如中风状，宜此汤。
栝蒌根无黄者一两，青竹茹刮半斤淡竹是 上以水二升半，煮取一升二合，去滓，分二三服……
当归白术汤（出自《活人书》），治妇人病未平复，因有所动，小腹急痛，腰胯痛，四肢不仁，举动……
白术 当归 桂枝 附子（生） 甘草 芍药 黄芪 人参（各二钱半） 生姜（半两） 上锉……
生地黄丸（出自《永类钤方》），治患恶风体倦，乍寒乍热，面赤心烦，或时自汗，是……时疫气大行，无寒邪脉，但厥阴……
北柴胡 秦艽 黄芩（各半两） 生地黄（二两） 赤芍药（一两） 上为细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧……
附术散（出自《危氏方》），治伤寒手足逆冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止，项强直，摇头口噤，时发时止……
附子 白术（各一两） 川芎〔二（三）钱〕 肉桂（二钱） 独活（半两） 上为细末，每服三钱……
桂枝加芍药汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治妇人伤寒，中风自汗，头痛项背强，发热恶寒，脉浮而缓……
桂枝（一两） 赤芍药（三两半） 生姜（一两半） 大枣（六枚） 上锉细。每服五丸，水煎服。
葛根汤（出自《产经》），治刚痉无汗恶风，产后有疾，凡用麻黄更宜斟酌。产后五七日，强力下床病之初，眼涩口噤……风所得然。
葛根（一两） 麻黄（去根节炮） 僵蚕（各三分） 桂枝 粉草 芍药（各半两） 大枣（三枚）……
答曰：不恶寒……多惊……芩。
桂枝加葛根汤（出自《产经》），治柔痉有汗，不恶寒。
桂枝 芍药 甘草（各六钱三字） 干葛（一两三分） 生姜（一两） 枣（四枚） 上咀。每服……麻黄……
桂心白术汤（出自《大全良方》），治伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。
白术 桂心 附子（炮） 防风 川芎 甘草〔各两半（半两）〕 上[捣]咀。每服五钱，水二盏……
附子防风散（出自《大全良方》），治伤寒阴痉，手足厥冷，闭目合面，筋脉拘急，汗出不止。
柴胡（一两半） 五味子 白术（各一两） 茯苓 甘草 干姜 附子（炮） 防风（各三分）……
八物白术散（出自《大全良方》），治伤寒阴痉，三日不瘥，手足厥冷，筋脉拘急无汗，恐阴气内伤……
白术 麻黄（去根节） 茯苓 五味子 羌活（各半两） 附子（炮） 桂心（各三分） 良姜（一……宜斟酌用……
参苏饮（出自《大全良方》），治感冒发热头痛，或因痰饮凝积，发以为热，并宜服之。若感冒发热开胃进食，小儿室女……
前胡 人参 紫苏 干葛 半夏 茯苓〔加二（三）分〕 枳壳 陈皮 甘草 桔梗 木香（……时候过多……
荆芥散（出自《拔粹方》），疗时气风温寒热，瘴疟往来潮热，并宜服之。
陈皮 麻黄 香附子 甘草（各一两） 荆芥穗 浓朴（各二两） 草果仁（三个） 白芷桂心……服，无时候……
麻黄汤（出自《危氏方》），发散四时伤寒，潮热头痛，时疫。
前胡 柴胡（各去毛） 石膏 苍术（锉炒） 本 赤芍药 白芷 土芎 干葛 升麻（各五……春加黄芩。
退阴散（出自《大全良方》），治阴毒伤寒，手足逆冷，脉沉细，头痛腰重，连进三服，小小伤冷。
干姜 川芎 上等分为粗末，炒令黄色，候冷捣为末，每服一钱，水一盏，盐一捻，煎至半……
小柴胡加地黄汤（出自《圣惠方》），治妇人室女伤寒发热，经水适来，或适断，昼则明了，夜则谵……
柴胡（一两一分） 人参 半夏（汤洗七次） 黄芩 甘草 生干地黄（各半两） 上粗末，每用……
三黄熟艾汤（出自《大全良方》），治伤寒四五日，大下，热痢时作，服白通汤诸药多不止，宜服此……
黄芩 黄连 黄柏（各二分） 熟艾（半个鸡子大） 上[捣]咀。每服三钱重，水一盏，煎至七分……
又方（出自《直指方》），治妇人伤寒，呕血，继而齿缝皆流血不止。
开口川椒（四十九粒） 上用法，醋一大盏同煎，临热入白矾少许漱口，含在口中少顷，吐出……
治妇人伤寒，得病虽瘥，未满百日，不可与交合，为阴阳之病，必拘急手足拳欲死，丈夫病……
（出自《本草》）
用干姜四两为末，汤调连服，以衣被出汗方解，手足伸而愈。
(Attached Discussion)
In ancient times, when treating diseases, one first discussed the primary principle of treatment. For men, regulate Qi; for women, regulate Blood. If the Blood Chamber is not deficient, then Yin and Yang Qi are harmonious; if the Blood Chamber is coagulated... [text missing/corrupted].
Small... Five... No... Belongs to Didang Tang syndrome. In Shanghan (Cold Damage), if there is stomach excess with delirium, purgation is indicated. However, in women, if heat enters the Blood Chamber causing delirium, purgation is contraindicated. Although the treatment for women's Shanghan differs from that of men—men regulating Qi first, women regulating Blood first—this is a general statement. In essence, a tight pulse without sweating is named Shanghan; a slow pulse with sweating is Wind Injury; a surging and large pulse characterizes Heat Disease; a fine and weak pulse characterizes Summerheat. The manifestations are similar. For instance, use Baihu Tang for Summerheat, and Chengqi Tang for stomach excess. Must one necessarily regulate Blood before administering decoctions? Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* does not distinguish between men and women because scholars can select appropriate formulas based on symptoms from the male protocols. Regarding chills in women, there are two syndromes: Yin and Yang. Fever accompanied by chills indicates onset from Yang channels; chills without fever indicates onset from Yin channels. Onset from Yang should be treated by releasing the exterior, with a floating and rapid pulse; onset from Yin should be treated by warming the interior, with a deep and fine pulse. Other conditions such as chills after sweating or purgation, and chills in the back, are not cited extensively here. I once treated a woman who only experienced chills with no other symptoms and a calm pulse in all six positions. I used Baidu San, which cured her. This medicine removes wind pathogens from the exterior. The classics state: Patients with chills must not have their cold suppressed; they should be covered with blankets and kept near warmth. If cold and heat struggle, causing the pulse to become deep and hidden, it will only make the patient colder, and suppression is ineffective. One should remove blankets and fire sources, and administer medicines to harmonize the exterior, and the chills will naturally cease. Women with chills should especially avoid fire; if cold qi enters the abdomen and coagulates in the Blood Chamber, acupuncture and herbs cannot cure it. New postpartum women suffer from three diseases: one is Jing (spasms); two is Yumao (depression and dizziness); three is difficult defecation. Blood deficiency leads to Jue (cold extremities/reversal), and Jue leads to Mao (dizziness). For Yumao to resolve, profuse sweating must occur. Thus, Yumao is known to be due to deficiency and cold. Also, if Shaoyin disease stops diarrhea but presents with dizziness and frequent spontaneous Mao, it is a death syndrome, indicating extreme deficiency and collapse. Observe Yumao carefully. Can you explain postpartum Shanghan or women's Shanghan? Answer: There are 397 clauses and 113 formulas in Zhang's work. Each syndrome has its corresponding medicine; why distinguish by gender? Essentially, menstruation, pregnancy, and postpartum states are unique to women. Let us elucidate these mysteries to dispel worldly confusion. Women are primarily governed by Blood. With fever and chills, if menstruation happens to arrive, the classics say: "Heat subsides, chest fullness, and delirium indicate pathogen stagnating in the chest and hypochondrium; puncture Qimen point according to excess." For Wind Injury, the classics say: "Continuous alternating chills and fever resembling malaria, while menstruation happens to stop, indicates Blood stagnation; treat with Xiaochaihu Tang to disperse it." This is what is meant by "treated and healed." If Shanghan fever occurs while menstruation is arriving, waking during the day but delirious at night as if seeing ghosts, this means no residual pathogen in the interior; heat follows Blood flow. This is what is meant by "self-healing without treatment." Fanghu hematemesis formula and Xue Gui Tiao discuss Xijiao Dihuang Tang, Tao Ren Chengqi Tang, and Didang Wan in detail. Regarding prenatal and postpartum treatments, how to choose? Prenatal: stabilize fetus; Postpartum: eliminate stasis. Follow regulations, weigh severity, and regulate. To stabilize the fetus, Sangjisheng, Ejiao, and Suosha are key herbs. Avoid Guizhi, Banxia, Taoren, Dahuang which cause abortion, and others that are drying and hot. To eliminate stasis, Chuanxiong, Puhuang, Chishaoyao, and Shengdihuang are key. Avoid internal tonics that stop bleeding. Zhu's method uses Ejiao, Sangjisheng, Renshen, Fuling, and Baizhu ground into powder, mixed with glutinous rice water to stabilize the fetus in pregnant women. Use Honghua, Guanni, Shaoyao, Gancao, Banxia, Ginger, and Jujube decocted together to release the exterior and eliminate stasis. Use Congbai and Ginger in strong concentration for prenatal dispersion. Use Xiaochaihu Tang removing... truly can save lives. Thus, observing postpartum treatment allows one to find the way. Knowing to stabilize the fetus requires regulating Qi; knowing to eliminate stasis requires supporting deficiency. Zhike, Xiangfu, and Chenpi regulate Qi. Danggui, Chuanxiong, Huangqi, and Renshen support deficiency. Chaihu and Huangqin reduce fever; Zisu and Genge relieve muscle tension; Mahan and Zhike moisten intestines; Ganjiang and Liangjiang assist Yang. Although not exhaustive of ancient classics, sweet and pungent are Yang, sour and bitter are Yin, adhering to ancient intent. Preserved at the end for students' reference. Zhang Zhongjing's treatment for men and women's Shanghan has no objectionable differences. I have seen folk books claiming to be written by Zhongjing and prefaced by Wang Shuhe. Examining the methods, some are useful, but suspect they are not ancient formulas, merely borrowing the sage's name for credibility. Diseases of widows have rarely been discussed since ancient times, except briefly by Cang Gong and Chu Cheng. A widow is defined by Mencius as a woman without a husband. Nuns or widowed women, having only Yin without Yang, desiring men but unable to obtain them, thus... become ill. The I Ching says: Heaven and Earth... all things transform profoundly. Men and women join essences, all things are born. Can isolated Yang and isolated Yin exist? Living in seclusion, desires arise but are unfulfilled, causing Yin-Yang conflict, alternating chills and fever resembling malaria, eventually becoming Lao (consumption)... Bi (amenorrhea) and Baiyin (leukorrhea), Phlegm reversal, Headwind, Chest Qi blockage, emaciation, etc., are all widow diseases. Their pulse shows Liver channel string-like quality emerging from Yuji. Investigating the origin, these diseases result from abundant Blood. Classics say: When men's essence is abundant, they desire sexual intercourse; when women's Blood is abundant, they conceive. Observing this, half the understanding is gained.
Guizhi Honghua Tang (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats women's Shanghan with fever, chills, limb spasms, dry mouth and tongue, stagnant meridians...
Guixin (Cinnamon Heart, Cinnamon Twig also acceptable, 2 liang) Shaoyao (2 liang) Gancao (3 liang) Honghua (2 liang) [Crush]. Take 5 qian per dose, water 1 zhen...
Huangqin Shaoyao Tang (from *Huo Ren Shu*), treats women's Shanghan with dry mouth and throat, abdominal fullness, loss of appetite.
Huangqin Baishaoyao Baizhu Shenggandihuang (1 liang each) [Crush]. Take 0.5 liang per dose, water 1 zhen, decoct to 0.7, strain and take warm...
Danggui Tang (from *Huo Ren Shu*), treats women's Shanghan with panting, irritability, shivering chills, deficiency of both Yin and Yang, purgation contraindicated.
Chaihu (3 liang) Baizhu (2 liang) Renshen Gancao Chishaoyao Danggui (2 liang each) Wuweizi Mutong (0.5 liang each)...
Xie Xin Sanhuang Tang (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats women's Shanghan after 6-7 days, dry stool in stomach, difficult defecation, irritability, delirium, red eyes, toxicity...
Chuan Dahuang Shuwei Huangqin Yingzhua Huanglian (equal parts) Coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose, water 1 zhen, decoct to 0.8, strain and take warm...
Zengsun Lizhong Wan, Da Xiao Xiongtang Wan if ineffective, use these.
Renshen Baizhu Gualou Muli (2 liang each) Gancao (stir-fried 3 liang) Ganjiang (roasted 1.5 liang) Zhike (stir-fried 24 pieces)... Not more than 5-6, chest... Also acceptable.
Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Danggui Tang (from *Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan with floating pulse, head swelling, spontaneous diarrhea, severe abdominal pain unbearable.
Guizhi Shaoyao Danggui (1 liang each) Finely cut. Take 1 liang per dose, decoct in water and take.
Jingjie San (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), 2-3 days later, menstruation resumes, previous symptoms recede, use this. Xiaochaihu Tang one dose plus Jingjie Sui 5...
Fangfeng Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), 2-3 days later, suitable to rectify Spleen and Stomach Qi, and dispel wind pathogens.
Cangzhu (4 liang) Fangfeng (3 liang) Danggui (1 liang) Qianghuo (1.5 liang) Coarse powder, decoct in water and take.
Mahuang Jia Shengdihuang Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan with floating and tight pulse, headache, body heat, chills, no sweat, after sweating fear...
Mahuang (2.5 liang) Guizhi (1 liang) Gancao (0.5 liang) Xingren (25 pieces, skin and tip removed) Shengdihuang (1 liang) Finely cut...
Xiaochaihu Jia Gegen Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan transmitted to Taiyang channel, exterior symptoms persist, with spontaneous diarrhea involving Yangming.
Chaihu (1 liang) Gancao (6 qian) Dazao (3 pieces) Renshen (3 qian) Huangqin (3 qian) Shengjiang (0.3 fen) Gegen (3...
Guizhi Jia Fuzi Honghua Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan with exterior deficiency, spontaneous sweating, cool body, limb spasms, deep and slow pulse, Tai...
Guizhi (2.5 liang) Shaoyao Shengjiang (1.5 liang each) Gancao (1 liang, roasted) Fuzi (roasted) Honghua (5 qian each) Finely cut...
Xiaochaihu Jia Mangxiao Dahuang Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan with headache and floating pulse, doctor incorrectly used purgation, pathogen entered due to deficiency... Deep and rapid pulse indicates need for purgation, pulse...
Chaihu (2 liang) Huangqin (7.5 qian) Banxia (processed 1.5 liang) Gancao (7.5 qian) Dahuang (7 qian) Mangxiao (7 qian)... Mangxiao boiled again, take warm.
Jinfeicao San, treats Shanghan with phlegm in Middle Jiao, causing high fever, headache, stiff tendons, alternating chills and fever, resembling Wind Injury.
Jingjie Sui (4 liang) Banxia Gancao Beixixin (1 liang each) Chi Fuling (2 liang) Qianhu Xuanfuhua (3 liang each) Upper... Bureau formula has Mahuang...
Qingzhuru Tang, treats women whose illness has not fully recovered, due to movement causing heat qi rushing to chest, limb spasms and convulsions resembling stroke, use this decoction.
Gualou Gen without yellow color 1 liang, Qingzhuru scraped half jin, light bamboo is Upper with water 2.5 sheng, boil to obtain 1.2 sheng, strain, divide into 2-3 doses...
Danggui Baizhu Tang (from *Huo Ren Shu*), treats women whose illness has not fully recovered, due to movement, lower abdominal urgent pain, waist and hip pain, insensitivity of limbs, movement...
Baizhu Danggui Guizhi Fuzi (raw) Gancao Shaoyao Huangqi Renshen (2.5 qian each) Shengjiang (0.5 liang) Cut...
Shengdihuang Wan (from *Yonglei Qianfang*), treats aversion to wind, fatigue, alternating chills and fever, red face, irritability, or spontaneous sweating, is... Epidemic qi widespread, no cold pathogen pulse, only Jueyin...
Bei Chaihu Qinjiao Huangqin (0.5 liang each) Shengdihuang (2 liang) Chishaoyao (1 liang) Fine powder, refined honey made into pills, like wu...
Fuzhu San (from *Weishi Fang*), treats Shanghan with cold extremities, tendon and vessel spasms, continuous sweating, neck stiffness, head shaking, jaw locking, intermittent...
Fuzi Baizhu (1 liang each) Chuanxiong [2-3 qian] Rougui (2 qian) Duhuo (0.5 liang) Fine powder, take 3 qian per dose...
Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*), treats women's Shanghan, Wind Injury with spontaneous sweating, headache, neck and back stiffness, fever, chills, floating and slow pulse...
Guizhi (1 liang) Chishaoyao (3.5 liang) Shengjiang (1.5 liang) Dazao (6 pieces) Finely cut. Take 5 pills per dose, decoct in water and take.
Gegen Tang (from *Chan Jing*), treats Gang Jing (rigid spasm) with no sweat and aversion to wind. Postpartum illness, use Mahuang with caution. Postpartum 5-7 days, forceful getting out of bed early in illness, eye dryness, jaw locking... Obtained from wind.
Gegen (1 liang) Mahuang (roots and joints removed, roasted) Jiangcan (0.3 fen each) Guizhi Fencao Shaoyao (0.5 liang each) Dazao (3 pieces)...
Answer: No chills... Much fright... Qin.
Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (from *Chan Jing*), treats Rou Jing (soft spasm) with sweating, no chills.
Guizhi Shaoyao Gancao (6 qian 3 zi each) Gan Ge (1 liang 3 fen) Shengjiang (1 liang) Zao (4 pieces) [Crush]. Take per dose... Mahuang...
Guixin Baizhu Tang (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats Shanghan Yin Jing (Yin spasm), cold extremities, tendon and vessel spasms, continuous sweating.
Baizhu Guixin Fuzi (roasted) Fangfeng Chuanxiong Gancao [each 0.5 liang] [Crush]. Take 5 qian per dose, water 2 zhen...
Fuzi Fangfeng San (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats Shanghan Yin Jing, cold extremities, closed eyes and face, tendon and vessel spasms, continuous sweating.
Chaihu (1.5 liang) Wuweizi Baizhu (1 liang each) Fuling Gancao Ganjiang Fuzi (roasted) Fangfeng (0.3 fen each)...
Bawu Baizhu San (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats Shanghan Yin Jing, not recovering after 3 days, cold extremities, tendon and vessel spasms, no sweat, fear of internal injury by Yin Qi...
Baizhu Mahuang (roots and joints removed) Fuling Wuweizi Qianghuo (0.5 liang each) Fuzi (roasted) Guixin (0.3 fen each) Liangjiang (1... Use with caution...
Renshen Su Yin (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats cold-induced fever and headache, or heat caused by phlegm-fluid accumulation, suitable for all. If cold-induced fever opens appetite and promotes eating, children and unmarried women...
Qianhu Renshen Zisu Gan Ge Banxia Fuling [add 2-3 fen] Zhike Chenpi Gancao Jiegeng Muxiang (... Time too much...
Jingjie San (from *Bacui Fang*), treats epidemic wind-warmth alternating chills and fever, malarial fever with tidal heat, suitable for all.
Chenpi Mahuang Xiangfuzi Gancao (1 liang each) Jingjie Sui Houpo (2 liang each) Caoguoren (3 pieces) Baizhi Guixin... Take, no specific time...
Mahuang Tang (from *Weishi Fang*), disperses four-season Shanghan, tidal fever and headache, epidemics.
Qianhu Chaihu (remove hairs each) Shigao Cangzhu (cut and stir-fried) Ben Chishaoyao Baizhi Tu Xiong Gan Ge Shengma (5 ... Add Huangqin in spring.
Tui Yin San (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats Yin Du Shanghan, cold extremities, deep and fine pulse, headache and heavy waist, take three doses continuously, minor cold injury.
Ganjiang Chuanxiong Equal parts coarse powder, stir-fry until yellow, cool and grind to powder. Take 1 qian per dose, water 1 zhen, pinch of salt, decoct to half...
Xiaochaihu Jia Dihuang Tang (from *Shenghui Fang*), treats women and maidens' Shanghan fever, menstruation just arrived or just stopped, clear during day, delirious at night...
Chaihu (1.1 liang) Renshen Banxia (washed in boiling water 7 times) Huangqin Gancao Shenggandihuang (0.5 liang each) Coarse powder, use per dose...
Sanhuang Shuai Ai Tang (from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats Shanghan after 4-5 days, severe purgation, intermittent hot dysentery, taking Bitong Tang and other medicines often fails to stop, use this...
Huangqin Huanglian Huangbai (0.2 fen each) Shuai Ai (size of half chicken egg) [Crush]. Take 3 qian weight per dose, water 1 zhen, decoct to 0.7...
Another Formula (from *Zhizhi Fang*), treats women's Shanghan, vomiting blood, followed by continuous bleeding from gum fissures.
Kaikou Chuanjiao (49 grains) Usage: Decoct with 1 large zhen of vinegar. Before hot, add small amount of Baifan to rinse mouth, hold in mouth for a moment, spit out...
Treats women's Shanghan, even if recovered, within 100 days, do not have intercourse, as it causes Yin-Yang disease,必定 limb spasms and curling up wanting to die, husband's illness...
(From *Ben Cao*)
Use 4 liang of Ganjiang ground to powder, mix with water and take continuously. Resolve when sweating occurs under blankets, extend limbs and recover.