浮弦多是风头痛。积聚体疼胸膈噎。
浮者太阳之脉也。弦者少阳之脉也。足太阳之脉从颠顶入络脑。还出别下项。足少阳之
脉。
为积
紧实外寒而内热。渴泻燥烦小便涩。
紧为外寒。实为内热。紧实相兼。则知外感寒而内蕴热也。寒邪客于肌表。则外证必发
热而
亦表
芤脉盖因阳耗散。鼻衄无时精气竭。
血流据气。气动根据血。相持以行不得相失。芤之脉乃为阳邪内搏于血。而气失其常道。
并入
脉沉兼伏是重阴。气刺胸膨症块结。
沉为阴主里。伏主物聚。脉沉而又伏。名曰重阴。必主胸中气逆膨闷而不宽舒。发为症
瘕
风寒相搏脉浮迟。外受寒邪内风热。肺受风寒痰咳嗽。左手见之心战栗。
浮为风。迟为寒。脉浮迟者。知寒邪外侵。风热内搏也。假令右手寸口得之。主肺受风
寒。
弱而兼濡是阳虚。汗出憎寒气羸劣。
濡者营怯卫弱之脉。弱者虚气反表之候。二脉兼见。阳虚明矣。经云。阳者卫外而为固
也。
风湿风温湿温反。脉候交差要分别。汗无重汗耳无知。妄语无音名重 。
伤寒有风湿。有风温。有湿温。证候不同。脉名亦异。不可不别。风湿者。是风气与湿
气相
润。
俱浮
识
则
在
杀
洪数脉来阳气盛。目赤舌干唇破裂。
洪者大也。数者疾也。洪为阳盛。数则为热。脉来应指。洪大数疾。则为热邪所胜。偏
阳隆
浮而兼紧肾之虚。温助寒邪益精血。
浮则为虚。紧则为寒。脉浮而紧。见于尺中者肾虚感寒也。宜以温暖之药。祛逐寒邪。
滋益
阳绝尺中脉细微。针灸勿令精气绝。
尺脉者人之根本也。脉来微而细者则为阳绝。速灸关元气海。不可缓也。治之稍缓。则
阳气
促结代脉是脾虚。若见之时难救得。
脉来数。时一止复来曰促。脉来缓。时一止复来曰结。脉动而中止曰代。此皆脾虚之脉。
难
忽然诊得寸中盈。六部无邪身有孕。
内经曰。阴搏阳别谓之有子。诊之寸洪而尺大。肝大而肺微者。有子之脉也。
童男童女何以别。须看天真无损缺。大凡童子脉来沉。童女尺中洪拍拍。
此篇与上章。欲识童男与童女。诀在寸关并尺里。自然紧数甚分明。都缘未散精华气。
同意
如前
男子妇人精血衰。假饶覆溢脉无回。
男子以精为主。妇人以血为本。精血实则强盛。精血衰则困惫。脉之盛衰。亦随气血之
虚实
前者阳之动也。脉当见九分而浮。过者法曰太过。减者法曰不及。遂上鱼为溢。为外关
内格
遂
一呼四至为平脉。一呼一至死相催。
脉来一呼再至。一吸再至。不大不小。则阴阳各当其分而不相胜也。故曰平人。减之法
曰不
者。皆血气不足故也。
伤寒舌黑洗不红。药洗分明定吉凶。
舌者心之官。其色正赤。以象火也。伤寒病舌上有膜。白滑如苔。甚者或燥或涩。或黄
或黑
苔不
者。
肾水
再生
汗后脉和无恶候。脉如躁疾命将殂。
内经曰。伤寒热病。口干舌燥。汗出辄复热。而脉躁疾不为汗衰。狂言不能食。此名阴
阳交
中风目闭口开者。喉中曳锯气不敷。脉若洪弦犹可救。浮大多应命不苏。男女五劳
洪
此与上章。若遇风疾及劳疾。妙法看时如抵圣。风疾脾缓空费力。劳疾心数难存命。义
同。
皆死
大抵七表八里脉。相连九道作程途。表里脉分轻重病。九怪传来命不舒。诊脉要分
轻与重。
表者以阳言之。故脉有七。以象少阳。奇数也。里者以阴言之。故脉有八。以象少阴。
偶数
与表
得之
浮洪短促为阳弱。沉细兼长阴有余。如此分张轻重断。岂同俗眼一凡夫。
张长沙云。瞥瞥然如羹上沸者。阳气微也。故浮洪短促谓之阳弱。沉细兼长则知阴盛矣。
萦
六部鬼贼是如何。造化阴阳事更多。心火怕逢沉滑细。肺金尤怕浮洪克。唯有脾元
恶木侵。
克重却厘清。
五行人通于五脏。分旺于四时。故心法火旺于夏。脉应洪大而长。若反得沉细而滑者。
是肾
火乘
善不可
春。脉
脉应沉
治。脉反
水火相临分上下。金木相侵事必凌。水土二宫俱要静。一宫有克少安宁。要知刑克
名
天肇一于北。而命门始具。地偶二于南。而心火继生。此一身之天地也。夫命门者。元
精之
立而
下行
心火
天地
肺藏
定位。
色青。
应脾。
五脏具
也。盖
所养者
春怕庚辛秋恶候。夏嫌水气火相刑。刑克只分轻与重。自然切脉甚分明。
春脉即肝脉。夏脉即心脉。经所谓春脉弦。夏脉钩者是也。春脉当弦。而诊得浮而短涩。
是
而
左手诊得重病脉。右手脉候却调匀。只断脉中须应病。故知命脉得和平。假此一例
余仿此。
左手脉平和。右手脉病。为风邪伤于卫气。右手脉平和。左手脉病。为寒邪伤于营血。
盖肺
虽
浮脉兼弦脉，多主风邪引起的头痛。体内有积聚导致身体疼痛，胸膈部气机阻塞不畅。
浮脉是太阳经的脉象。弦脉是少阳经的脉象。足太阳膀胱经的经脉从头顶入络于脑，复出后下行至项部。足少阳胆经的……（原文此处似有脱漏或排版错误，仅保留可见部分）为积……
紧脉且实，主外感寒邪而内有郁热。表现为口渴、腹泻、燥热烦闷、小便涩滞。
紧脉代表外感寒邪。实脉代表内有热邪。紧脉与实脉相兼，可知是外感寒邪而内蕴热邪。寒邪客居在肌表，则外在证候必然发热……（原文此处似有脱漏）亦表……
芤脉是因为阳气耗散所致。鼻衄（鼻出血）不时发生，精气枯竭。
血液的运行依据于气，气的运行依据于血，二者相互依存而行，不可分离。芤脉乃是阳邪内迫于血分，导致气失去其正常的运行轨道……并入……
脉沉兼伏，属于重阴之象。气机刺痛，胸部膨满，症块结聚。
沉脉属阴，主里证。伏脉主物聚（邪气深伏）。脉象既沉又伏，称为重阴。必定主胸中气逆，胸腹胀闷而不宽舒，发为症瘕（腹内结块）。
风寒相搏，脉象浮迟。外受寒邪，内有风热。肺受风寒则痰多咳嗽。如果在左手寸口诊得此脉，主心气战栗。
浮脉主风。迟脉主寒。脉象浮迟，可知是寒邪外侵，风热内搏。假如右手寸口诊得此脉，主肺受风寒……
弱脉兼濡脉，是阳虚的表现。出汗、怕冷、身体瘦弱衰败。
濡脉是营气怯弱、卫气虚弱的脉象。弱脉是虚气浮越于表的征候。这两种脉象同时出现，阳虚就明确了。经云：阳气具有护卫体表并使其固密的作用。
风湿、风温、湿温等病证相反，脉候交错差异，必须分别清楚。汗出不可重复发汗，耳部无知觉，胡言乱语且失音称为重……（原文此处似有脱漏）
伤寒病中有风湿、风温、湿温之分，证候不同，脉名也各异，不可不辨别。风湿病，是风气与湿气相……润……
俱浮……识……则……在……杀……
洪数脉来，阳气盛。眼睛红赤，舌干，嘴唇破裂。
洪脉指脉体宽大。数脉指脉搏急促。洪脉代表阳盛，数脉代表热。脉来应指，洪大数疾，则是热邪占优势，偏于阳隆……
浮脉兼紧脉，主肾虚。用温补药物助阳以驱散寒邪，益精血。
浮脉代表虚。紧脉代表寒。脉浮而紧，出现在尺部的，是肾虚感寒。适宜用温暖性质的药物，祛除逐退寒邪，滋益……
阳气衰竭，尺中脉细微。针灸时不要令精气断绝。
尺脉是人体根本所在。脉来微细，则为阳气衰竭。速灸关元、气海穴，不可迟缓。治疗稍缓，则阳气……
促、结、代脉，都是脾虚的表现。如果见到这些脉象，很难救治。
脉来快速，偶尔有一次停顿后又恢复跳动，称为促脉。脉来缓慢，偶尔有一次停顿后又恢复跳动，称为结脉。脉动而中止，不能自还，良久方来的，称为代脉。这些都是脾虚的脉象。难……
忽然诊得寸口脉充盈盛大。六部脉都没有邪气，这是身怀有孕。
《内经》说：阴脉搏动有力而与阳脉有别，叫做有子（怀孕）。诊察时寸口脉洪大而尺脉大，肝脉大而肺脉微的，是有子的脉象。
童男童女如何辨别？必须看先天真气是否有缺损。大凡童子的脉象沉，童女的尺中脉洪大拍击有力。
这一篇与上一章，想要识别童男与童女。诀窍在于寸、关、尺三部脉里。自然紧数分明。都是因为精华之气尚未耗散。同意……如前……
男子妇人的精血衰退，即使出现覆脉、溢脉，脉象也没有回转之机。
男子以精为主，妇人以血为本。精血充实则强盛，精血衰退则困惫。脉象的盛衰，也随着气血的虚实而变化……
前者是阳气的变动。脉应当见于九分深度且浮取可得。超过这个标准叫作太过，不及这个标准叫作不及。于是向上延伸至鱼际称为溢，这属于外关内格……遂……
一呼脉跳四次为平脉。一呼脉跳一次，死期逼近。
脉来一呼两次，一吸两次，不大不小，则阴阳各当其分而不相胜。所以称为平人。减慢的方法曰不……者，都是血气不足的缘故。
伤寒病舌苔黑，用水洗不红。用药清洗分明，可定吉凶。
舌是心的官窍，其色正赤，以象征火。伤寒病舌上有膜，白滑如苔，严重的或者干燥或者涩滞，或者黄或者黑……苔不……者……肾水……再生……
发汗后脉象调和没有恶候。脉象如躁动急速，生命将终结。
《内经》说：伤寒热病，口干舌燥，汗出后随即再次发热，而脉象躁疾不因汗出而衰减，狂言不能食，这名叫阴阳交……
中风病目闭口开的，喉中声音像拖锯一样，气息不敷。脉象若洪弦还可以救治。脉象浮大，大多应验为命不能苏醒。男女五劳……洪……
此章与上章，如果遇到风疾及劳疾，妙法看时如同抵圣。风疾脾缓空费力。劳疾心数难存命。义同。皆死……
大体七表八里脉，相连九道作为程序途径。表里脉分轻重病，九怪传来命不舒。诊脉要分轻与重。
表者以阳言之，故脉有七种，以象少阳，奇数也。里者以阴言之，故脉有八种，以象少阴，偶数……与表……得之……
浮、洪、短、促为阳弱。沉、细、兼长为阴有余。如此分别轻重判断，岂同俗眼一般的凡夫。
张长沙（张仲景）说：瞥瞥然如羹上沸者，是阳气微。所以浮、洪、短、促谓之阳弱。沉、细、兼长则知阴盛矣。萦……
六部鬼贼脉是如何？造化阴阳事更多。心火怕逢沉滑细，肺金尤怕浮洪克。唯有脾元恶木侵……克重却厘清。
五行人通于五脏，分旺于四时。故心法火旺于夏，脉应洪大而长。若反得沉细而滑者，是肾……火乘……善不可……春……脉……脉应沉……治……脉反……
水火相临分上下，金木相侵事必凌。水土二宫俱要静，一宫有克少安宁。要知刑克名……
天肇一于北，而命门始具。地偶二于南，而心火继生。此一身之天地也。夫命门者，元精之……立而……下行……心火……天地……肺藏……定位……色青……应脾……五脏具……也。盖……所养者……
春怕庚辛秋恶候，夏嫌水气火相刑。刑克只分轻与重，自然切脉甚分明。
春脉即肝脉，夏脉即心脉。经所谓春脉弦、夏脉钩者是也。春脉当弦，而诊得浮而短涩，是……而……
左手诊得重病脉，右手脉候却调匀。只断脉中须应病，故知命脉得和平。假此一例余仿此。
左手脉平和，右手脉病，为风邪伤于卫气。右手脉平和，左手脉病，为寒邪伤于营血。盖肺……虽……
Floating and wiry pulses mostly indicate wind-induced headache. Accumulations cause body pain and chest/diaphragm obstruction.
A floating pulse is the pulse of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel. A wiry pulse is the pulse of the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) channel. The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian enters the brain from the vertex, emerges again, and descends to the nape. The Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian... [text fragment] for accumulation...
Tight and solid pulses indicate external cold and internal heat. Symptoms include thirst, diarrhea, dryness, irritability, and dysuria.
A tight pulse represents external cold. A solid pulse represents internal heat. When tight and solid pulses combine, it indicates external contraction of cold with internal retention of heat. Cold pathogen lodging in the muscle surface causes external symptoms such as fever... [text fragment] also exterior...
The Kous (Bamboo-sheath) pulse results from the dispersion of Yang Qi. Frequent epistaxis (nosebleed) leads to exhaustion of essence and Qi.
Blood flow relies on Qi; Qi movement relies on Blood. They support each other and cannot be separated. The Kou pulse occurs when Yang pathogen forces into the blood level, causing Qi to lose its normal pathway... merging into...
Deep and hidden pulses indicate excessive Yin. Qi stabbing pain, chest distension, and mass formation occur.
The deep pulse belongs to Yin and governs interior conditions. The hidden pulse governs accumulation of pathogens. When both deep and hidden are present, it is called Excessive Yin. It must indicate rebellious Qi in the chest, fullness, and oppression, leading to Zheng-Jia (abdominal masses).
Wind and Cold fighting result in a floating and slow pulse. External contraction of cold with internal Wind-Heat. Lung affected by Wind-Cold causes phlegm and cough. If seen at the Left Cun position, it indicates Heart palpitations/trembling.
Floating indicates Wind. Slow indicates Cold. A floating and slow pulse indicates external invasion of cold and internal fighting of Wind-Heat. If obtained at the Right Cun position, it indicates Lung affected by Wind-Cold...
Weak and soggy pulses together indicate Yang Deficiency. Sweating, aversion to cold, emaciation, and debility occur.
The Soggy pulse is the pulse of deficient Ying (Nutrient) Qi and weak Wei (Defensive) Qi. The Weak pulse is a sign of deficient Qi floating to the exterior. When these two pulses appear together, Yang Deficiency is clear. The Classics state: Yang protects the exterior and maintains consolidation.
Rheumatism, Wind-Warmth, and Damp-Warmth present contrary patterns; their pulse indications differ and must be distinguished. Do not induce sweating repeatedly; deafness, mutism, and delirium are severe signs... [text fragments]
In Shanghan (Cold Damage), there are Rheumatism, Wind-Warmth, and Damp-Warmth. Their syndromes differ, and so do their pulse names; they must not be confused. Rheumatism involves Wind Qi combining with Damp Qi... moistening...
All floating... recognize... then... in... kill...
Surging and rapid pulses indicate abundant Yang Qi. Red eyes, dry tongue, and cracked lips occur.
Surging refers to large vessel diameter. Rapid refers to fast frequency. Surging indicates Yang excess; rapid indicates Heat. When the pulse feels large, surging, and rapid upon pressure, it means Heat pathogen prevails, leaning towards Yang prosperity...
Floating combined with Tight indicates Kidney Deficiency. Use warming herbs to assist Yang, dispel cold, and benefit Essence and Blood.
Floating indicates deficiency. Tight indicates cold. Floating and Tight pulses at the Chi (Cun-Guan-Chi) position indicate Kidney Deficiency with Cold contraction. Warm-natured herbs should be used to dispel cold and nourish...
Yang exhaustion presents as fine and subtle pulses at the Chi position. Acupuncture/moxibustion should not allow Essence and Qi to perish.
The Chi pulse is the root of human life. Fine and subtle pulses indicate Yang exhaustion. Moxibustion should be applied immediately to Guanyuan and Qihai acupoints; delay is dangerous. Slight delay in treatment leads to loss of Yang Qi...
Cu (Hasty), Jie (Knotted), and Dai (Intermittent) pulses all indicate Spleen Deficiency. If seen, rescue is difficult.
A pulse that is rapid but occasionally stops and resumes is Cu. A pulse that is slow but occasionally stops and resumes is Jie. A pulse that moves and stops, failing to return immediately, is Dai. These are all pulses of Spleen Deficiency. Difficult...
Suddenly finding a full and abundant pulse at the Cun position, with no pathogenic pulses in the six positions, indicates pregnancy.
The Neijing states: "Yin pulsation distinct from Yang signifies conception." If the Cun position is surging and the Chi position is large, with Liver pulse strong and Lung pulse faint, this is the pulse of pregnancy.
How to distinguish boys and girls? One must examine if Tianzhen (innate vitality) is intact. Generally, boys' pulses are deep; girls' Chi pulses are surging and forceful.
This section and the previous chapter aim to identify boys and girls. The secret lies in the Cun, Guan, and Chi positions. Naturally, tight and rapid pulses are clear. This is because the essence and Qi have not yet dispersed. Agree... as before...
Men and women with declining Essence and Blood, even if Fu (covering) or Yi (overflowing) pulses appear, will not recover.
Men prioritize Essence; women prioritize Blood. Abundant Essence and Blood bring strength; decline brings fatigue. Pulse abundance or scarcity follows the deficiency or excess of Qi and Blood...
Formerly, Yang movement dictates the pulse should be felt at nine fen depth and floating. Exceeding this is called Excess; falling short is called Deficiency. Thus, extending upward to the Yuji area is called Yi (Overflow), representing external closure and internal gridlock... Thus...
Four beats per breath is a Ping (Normal) pulse. One beat per breath urges death.
Two beats per inspiration and two per expiration, neither too large nor small, mean Yin and Yang are balanced. This is called a healthy person. Slowing down method says not... those are due to insufficient Qi and Blood.
Black tongue in Shanghan does not turn red when washed. Clear differentiation via herbal wash determines auspicious or ominous outcomes.
The tongue is the organ of the Heart, naturally red, symbolizing Fire. In Shanghan, a membrane forms on the tongue, white and slippery like moss. Severe cases may be dry, rough, yellow, or black... moss not... those... Kidney Water... regeneration...
After sweating, if the pulse is harmonious without evil signs, prognosis is good. If the pulse is restless and rapid, life is ending.
The Neijing states: In Shanghan febrile diseases, if mouth is dry, tongue parched, fever returns after sweating, pulse remains rapid despite sweating, with delirium and inability to eat, this is called Yin-Yang Intersection...
In Zhongfeng (Wind Strike), closed eyes and open mouth indicate throat sounds like a sawing wood, with insufficient breath. If the pulse is Surging and Wiry, it can be saved. If Floating and Large, death is likely. Men and women with Wu Lao (Five Emaciations)... Surging...
This and the previous chapter: For Wind diseases and Labor diseases, observing pulses effectively is like having sage-like skill. Wind disease with Spleen slackness wastes effort. Labor disease with rapid Heart pulse makes survival difficult. Meaning same. All death...
Generally, Seven Exterior and Eight Interior pulses connect to form Nine Paths. Exterior/Interior pulses distinguish light/heavy diseases; Nine Strange pulses indicate fatal outcomes. Pulse diagnosis must distinguish light from heavy.
Exterior relates to Yang, hence seven pulses, resembling Shaoyang (odd number). Interior relates to Yin, hence eight pulses, resembling Shaoyin (even number)... with Exterior... obtain...
Floating, Surging, Short, and Hasty indicate Yang Weakness. Deep, Fine, and Long indicate Yin Excess. Distinguishing light and heavy thus separates the wise from ordinary folk.
Zhang Changsha (Zhang Zhongjing) said: "Fluttering like boiling soup surface" indicates slight Yang Qi. Thus, Floating, Surging, Short, and Hasty denote Yang Weakness. Deep, Fine, and Long indicate Yin Prosperity. Entangling...
What are the Six Positions' Ghost and Thief pulses? Creation and Yin-Yang matters are complex. Heart Fire fears Deep, Slippery, and Fine pulses. Lung Metal especially fears Surging and Surging overcoming it. Only Spleen Yuan dislikes Wood invasion... Heavy overcoming is clarified.
Five Elements correspond to Five Zang organs, flourishing in four seasons. Heart Fire flourishes in Summer; pulse should be Surging, Large, and Long. If instead Deep, Fine, and Slippery are found, it is Kidney... Fire multiplying... Good cannot... Spring... Pulse... Pulse should be Deep... Treatment... Pulse contrary...
Water and Fire adjacent divide Upper and Lower; Metal and Wood invading causes conflict. Earth and Water palaces must remain quiet; if one palace is overcome, peace is rare. To know punishment and overcoming names...
Heaven originates One in the North, where Mingmen begins. Earth pairs Two in the South, where Heart Fire follows. This is the Heaven and Earth of the body. Mingmen is the source of Primordial Essence... Establish and... Descend... Heart Fire... Heaven and Earth... Lung stores... Position... Color Green... Corresponds to Spleen... Five Zang possess... Also... Nourished...
Spring fears Geng/Xin (Metal); Autumn has ominous signs. Summer dislikes Water Qi and Fire punishment. Punishment/Overcoming distinguishes light and heavy; naturally, pulse diagnosis becomes clear.
Spring pulse is Liver pulse; Summer pulse is Heart pulse. As Classics say: Spring pulse is Wiry, Summer pulse is Hook. Spring pulse should be Wiry, but if Floating, Short, and Choppy are diagnosed, it is... And...
If Left Hand shows severe disease pulse while Right Hand is harmonious, only judge based on the diseased pulse; thus knowing the Life Pulse is peaceful. Assume this example for others.
Left Hand pulse harmonious, Right Hand diseased: Wind pathogen damages Wei Qi. Right Hand pulse harmonious, Left Hand diseased: Cold pathogen damages Ying Blood. Covering Lung... Although...