实酸平，仁甘平，无毒。
《本经》主心腹寒热邪结气聚，四肢酸痛湿痹，久服安五脏。
发明 酸枣仁味甘而润。熟则收敛津液，故疗胆虚不得眠，烦渴虚汗之证。生则导虚热
，故疗胆热好眠，神昏倦怠之证；足厥阴少阳本药，兼入足太阴脾经。按∶酸枣本酸而性收
，其仁则甘润而性温，能散肝胆二经之滞。故《本经》治心腹寒热，邪气结聚酸痛，血痹等
证，皆生用，以疏利肝脾之血脉也。盖肝虚则阴伤两烦心，不能藏魂，故不得眠也。伤寒虚
烦多汗及虚人盗汗，皆炒熟用之，总取收敛肝脾之津液也。归脾汤用以滋养营气，则脾热自
除。单用煮粥除烦益胆气，胆气宁而魂梦安矣。今人专以为心家药，殊昧此理。
辛寒无毒。
《本经》主心腹痛，痈肿溃脓，止痛决刺结。
发明 白棘乃小枣树上针，故能决刺破结。《本经》主痈肿溃脓，与皂刺不甚相远。《
别录》治丈夫虚损、阴痿、精自出，补肾气，益精髓，疗喉痹不通。又治腹胁刺痛，尿血痔
漏，皆取其透达肝肾二经也。
甘温无毒。去壳汤浸，去皮尖水煮过，研细纸包，压去油用。
《本经》主心腹邪热结气，明目、目赤痛伤泪出，目肿 烂。
发明 蕤仁甘温而润，能治诸经风热之邪，心腹邪热结气，不独治目疾也。眼风痒，或
生翳，或赤 ，黄连、蕤仁去皮研膏等分，以干枣去核填入煎水，点眼甚验，但不因风热而
因于虚勿用。
酸枣仁味酸，性平；其种仁味甘，性平，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载：主治心腹部的寒热邪气结聚、四肢酸痛及湿痹，长期服用可安养五脏。
【发明】酸枣仁味甘且滋润。炒熟后能收敛津液，因此治疗胆虚导致的失眠、心烦口渴及虚汗等症状。生用时能引导清除虚热，因此治疗胆热导致的嗜睡、神志昏沉及倦怠等症状；它是足厥阴肝经和足少阳胆经的本经药，兼入足太阴脾经。按语：酸枣树本身味酸而性质收敛，但其种仁则甘润而性质温，能够疏散肝胆二经的气血滞涩。因此，《神农本草经》中治疗心腹寒热、邪气结聚引起的酸痛、血痹等证，都使用生品，以疏通调理肝脾的血脉。大概因为肝虚则阴伤，导致心中烦乱，不能藏魂，所以出现失眠。伤寒病后的虚烦多汗以及体虚之人的盗汗，都炒熟后使用，主要是取其收敛肝脾津液的功效。归脾汤中使用它来滋养营气，则脾热自然消除。单用煮粥食用可除烦益胆气，胆气安宁则魂魄梦境安稳。如今的人专门将其当作治心的药物，这很不明白其中的道理。
白棘味辛，性寒，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载：主治心腹痛、痈肿溃脓，止痛并破除刺结。
【发明】白棘是小枣树上的针刺，因此能破除刺结。《神农本草经》记载其主治痈肿溃脓，与皂角刺的功效不太相近。《名医别录》记载治疗男子虚损、阳痿、精液自出，补肾气，益精髓，治疗喉痹不通。又治疗腹胁刺痛、尿血、痔漏，都是取其透达肝肾二经的作用。
蕤仁味甘，性温，无毒。使用时需去壳，用水浸泡，去皮尖后水煮过，研细后用纸包裹，压榨去除油脂使用。
《神农本草经》记载：主治心腹部的邪热结气，明目，治疗目赤痛、流泪、眼睑肿胀腐烂。
【发明】蕤仁味甘温且滋润，能治疗各经的风热邪气及心腹部的邪热结气，不仅仅用于治疗眼疾。若眼睛风痒，或生翳膜，或红肿疼痛，可用黄连、蕤仁（去皮研膏）等分，填入去核的干枣中煎水，滴眼效果显著，但不是因风热引起而是因虚证者勿用。
Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) is sour and neutral; its seed kernel is sweet and neutral, non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: It mainly treats the accumulation of cold-heat pathogenic qi in the heart and abdomen, soreness and pain in the four limbs, and damp-bi obstruction. Long-term consumption can calm and nourish the five zang organs.
[Invention] Suanzaoren is sweet and moistening. When cooked/roasted, it astringes body fluids; thus, it treats conditions of gallbladder deficiency manifesting as insomnia, vexation, thirst, and spontaneous sweating due to deficiency. When raw, it guides away deficient heat; thus, it treats conditions of gallbladder heat manifesting as hypersomnia, mental confusion, and fatigue. It is the principal herb for the Foot Jueyin Liver and Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder channels, and also enters the Foot Taiyin Spleen channel. Note: The Suanzao tree itself is sour and has an astringent nature, but its kernel is sweet, moist, and warm in nature, capable of dispersing stagnation in the Liver and Gallbladder channels. Therefore, in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*, for treating heart-abdominal cold-heat, pathological qi accumulation causing soreness/pain, blood-bi, etc., raw material is used to unblock and regulate the blood vessels of the Liver and Spleen. Generally, Liver deficiency leads to Yin injury, causing dual vexation in the heart and inability to store the Hun (Ethereal Soul), resulting in insomnia. For post-Shanghan (Cold Damage) deficiency vexation with excessive sweating, and night sweats in deficient individuals, it is roasted and used to primarily extract the function of astringing Liver and Spleen body fluids. In Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction), it is used to nourish Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi), thereby eliminating Spleen heat. Used alone in porridge, it removes vexation and benefits Gallbladder Qi; when Gallbladder Qi is tranquil, the Hun and dreams become stable. Modern practitioners exclusively regard it as a medicine for the Heart, which is fundamentally ignorant of this principle.
Baiji (White Thorn) is pungent and cold, non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: It mainly treats heart-abdominal pain, carbuncles and swellings with pus discharge, relieves pain, and resolves piercing knots.
[Invention] Baiji are the thorns from the small jujube tree; thus, they can resolve piercing knots. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records its treatment of carbuncles and swellings with pus discharge, which is not very different from Zaoci (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina). The *Bielu* (Additional Records by Famous Physicians) records its treatment of male deficiency exhaustion, impotence, and seminal emission, tonifying Kidney Qi and benefiting essence and marrow, and treating throat bi obstruction. It also treats stabbing pain in the abdomen and hypochondrium, hematuria, and hemorrhoidal fistulas, all taking advantage of its ability to penetrate and reach the Liver and Kidney channels.
Ruren (Prunus Persica Kernel / Prunus mume Seed) is sweet and warm, non-toxic. Remove the shell, soak in water, remove the skin and tips, boil in water, grind finely, wrap in paper, and press to remove oil before use.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: It mainly treats pathogenic heat and qi stagnation in the heart and abdomen, brightens the eyes, and treats red painful eyes, tearing, and swollen/ulcerated eyelids.
[Invention] Ruren is sweet, warm, and moistening. It can treat wind-heat pathogens in various channels and pathogenic heat with qi stagnation in the heart and abdomen; it is not limited to treating eye diseases. For itchy eyes due to wind, or formation of nebulae (corneal opacity), or redness/swelling/pain, equal parts of Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Ruren (after removing skin and grinding into paste) are filled into dried jujubes (with pits removed) and boiled in water to drop into the eyes; this is very effective. However, do not use if the condition is due to deficiency rather than wind-heat.