（别录中品）
玄府毛孔，幽门浊道也。
泣则势乱难支，弛则斫废无度。阴者藏精而起亟，阳者卫外而为固；阳在外阴之使也，
阴在
肺者朝使之官，治节出焉。
【气味】辛微温，无毒。
【主治】主霍乱，腹痛吐下，散水肿。
【核】曰∶生山野间，荆湖南北、二川皆有，中州人作圃种之，呼为香菜，用充蔬品。
四月生苗，叶似茵陈，穗似荆芥，花似水苏，气味则迥别也。一种叶大茎方，似牡荆叶而尖
小；一种叶最细，仅高数寸，叶似落帚，芬芳转胜，乃石香薷也。九月开花着穗时，采之弥
佳。去根，取茎叶曝干。修事各随方制，勿令犯火，服至十两，一生不得食白仙桃矣。
【 】曰∶香臭也，薷柔也。亦工于区别解释也。以言其臭香，其质柔，其功力工于区
别解释也。世固熟知其功力工于治暑，第未暇诘其能治之因，所治之证，谨守水中顿冷冻饮料法，
亦未暇诘其饮法之宜忌，失却香薷几多功绩矣。盖暑气流行曰暑淫，肺金受邪曰金郁；暑淫
则胜己所胜之金，金郁则必待己所生之水，为母复所不胜之暑，暑自降心而退舍焉。然则香
薷功力，既属解释肺金之助品，宜乎全具区别水大之体用者也。是故别水之体，区水之用，
其功独着。经云∶饮入于胃，游溢精气，上输于肺，通调水道，下输膀胱。顾精气之不游不
溢，水道之不通不调，亦令金受其郁，则郁金之因，不独暑气而已。香薷功力，亦不独仅逆
暑气而已。即游溢精气，通调水道，亦即所以稣金之郁，设舍游溢其精气，上输于肺，亦无
繇通调其水道，下输于膀胱。香薷功力，又属精气之助品矣。经云∶金郁则泄之。疏云∶解
表利小水也。顾玄府闭，则表气拒，幽门阖，则膀胱癃。亦令金受其郁，即开提玄府，启辟
幽门，亦即所以稣金之郁。设舍开提其玄府，亦无繇启辟其幽门。香薷功力，又属玄府之助
品矣。经云∶藏真高于肺，以行营卫阴阳也。顾营泣脉中，卫弛脉外，阳失卫固，阴亡起亟，
亦令金受其郁。即整营于脉中，肃卫于脉外，固阳之守，起阴之使，亦即所以稣金之郁。设
舍高源之藏真，营卫阴阳，亦无繇将行其形脏。香薷功力，又属藏真之助品矣。至于肺主气
，气壅亦令金郁；肺窍鼻，鼻窒亦令金郁；肺为开，开折亦令金郁；肺司声，声嘶声喑，亦
令金郁；肺通朝使，朝使废，亦令金郁；肺行呼吸，呼吸贲，呼吸弛，亦令金郁；肺华皮毛
，毛落皮聚，亦令金郁。乃若悲伤肺，忧愁亦伤肺；魄失奠安亦伤肺，形寒饮冷亦伤肺，治
节不出亦伤肺，与逆秋气则太阴不收，肺气焦满，均名之曰金郁。以及种种郁金之因，变生
种种金郁之证。咸可稣之，稣之即所以泄之。经言金郁则泄之，泄之之义，又不独疏言解表
利小水而已矣。别录主治霍乱。霍乱者，阴阳舛错，固属藏真失于将行，第水谷不泌，亦失
于区别。率尔吐下，宁非土郁乎；土郁则夺之，香薷功力，又工于夺土之郁矣。即治五水暴
聚成肿，固属精气失于游溢转输，第水以润为体，溉为用，聚则具体无用，宁非水郁乎。水
郁则折之，香薷功力，原工于折水之郁。今更昭然显著矣。谛观致病霍乱五水之因，又宁独
暑气为本，本风亦可，本寒亦可，本湿亦可，本虚亦可，本实亦可，本营卫不调亦可，本饮
食失节亦可。香薷功力，不独仅逆暑气，亦昭然显著矣。简易方主四时伤寒不正之气，斯足
征矣。即局方香薷饮，陈列因证，治暑月卧湿当风，生冷不禁，以致真邪相干，遂成吐逆，
或发热头痛体痛，或心腹痛，或转筋干呕，或四肢逆冷，烦闷欲死者，佐以扁豆、浓朴，锉
末作散，以酒以水，煮之成饮，更足征矣。设仅逆暑气，大明亦胡以主疗呕逆冷气，而反从
治其本寒，与标阴之因证者乎。濒湖有云∶夏月之用香薷，犹若冬月之用麻黄，又足征矣。
肘后方治舌上出血如钻孔。圣惠方治鼻中衄血不止。外台秘要方治吐血如涌泉。永类钤方治
小儿发迟，发即血之余也。诵此四方，则知藏真高于肺，以行营卫阴阳之机彀矣。局方煎之
以酒以水，水中顿冷冻饮料，胡洽居土水熬作圆，深师方取汁炼膏，简易方捣筛成末，酒调热服
取汗，此各因其势而利导之。又宁独水中顿冷冻饮料，反佐以取之之一法乎。更观古人称香薷曰
膳膏，则得之矣。赜偶有所得，不避讥嫌，推展如此。或借此寻求五郁之因证，比量药石之
功力，不致为耳食所束缚，则草木疾疚之幸大矣。
【别录列为中品】
玄府（汗孔）和毛孔，是幽门（指体内浊气排泄的通道）等浊道。
哭泣时气机紊乱难以支撑，松弛则砍伐废弃没有节制。阴精藏于内而随时起应阳气，卫阳护卫于外而保持固密；卫阳行于外是阴精的役使，
阴精在
肺脏，如同朝使之官，治理调节的功能由此产生。
【气味】辛，微温，无毒。
【主治】主治霍乱，腹痛呕吐腹泻，消散水肿。
【考证】曰∶香薷生长在山野之间，荆湖南北、四川等地都有，中原人在菜园里种植它，称为香菜，用来作为蔬菜食用。
四月生苗，叶子像茵陈，穗子像荆芥，花像水苏，但气味却截然不同。有一种叶子大茎方形，像牡荆叶但尖小；
有一种叶子最细，仅高几寸，叶子像落帚草，香气更加浓郁，这就是石香薷。九月开花结穗时采摘最好。去掉根部，取茎叶晒干。炮制方法各随方剂要求，不要让火接触，服用可达十两，一生不得吃白仙桃（即桃子）了。
【注释】曰∶“香”指气味，“薷”指质地柔韧。也擅长于区别解释。如果说它的气味香，质地柔，它的功效在于善于区别解释。世人固然熟知它擅长治疗暑病，只是无暇探究它能治疗的原理，所治疗的证候，谨守水中顿冷冻饮料法，
也无暇探究饮用方法的适宜与禁忌，从而失去了香薷许多功绩。大概暑气流行叫做暑淫，肺金受邪叫做金郁；暑淫
则会克制它所胜的肺金，肺金郁结则必然等待它所生的肾水，作为母亲来恢复所不胜的暑气，暑气自然从心下降而退避。既然这样，香
薷的功效，既属于辅助解释肺金的佳品，应该完全具备区别水的体用功能。因此区分水的本体，区划水的作用，
它的功效特别显著。经书说∶饮水进入胃中，游溢精气，向上输送到肺，通调水道，向下输送到膀胱。然而精气如果不游溢不溢出，
水道如果不通调，也会让肺金受到郁结，那么导致金郁的原因，不仅仅是暑气而已。香薷的功效，也不仅仅只是逆转暑气而已。
即使游溢精气，通调水道，也就是所以舒缓肺金之郁的方法，如果舍弃游溢精气，上输于肺，也就无法通调水道，下输膀胱。香薷的功效，又属于辅助精气的佳品。经书说∶肺金郁结就要泄之。疏解说∶解表利小便。然而玄府闭塞，则表气抗拒，幽门闭合，则膀胱癃闭。
也让肺金受到郁结，如果开启提升玄府，启辟幽门，也就是所以舒缓肺金之郁的方法。如果舍弃开启提升玄府，也就无法启辟幽门。香薷的功效，又属于辅助玄府的佳品。经书说∶藏真之气高于肺，以运行营卫阴阳。然而营血泣滞脉中，卫气弛缓脉外，阳气失去卫固，阴精亡失起应，
也让肺金受到郁结。如果整理营血于脉中，肃清卫气于脉外，巩固阳气的守御，起发阴精的役使，也就是所以舒缓肺金之郁的方法。如果舍弃高源之藏真，营卫阴阳，也就无法将行其形脏。香薷的功效，又属于辅助藏真的佳品。至于肺主气，
气壅塞也会导致金郁；肺窍在鼻，鼻塞也会导致金郁；肺为开，开折也会导致金郁；肺司声音，声嘶声哑，也会导致金郁；肺通朝使，朝使废弛，也会导致金郁；肺行呼吸，呼吸急促，呼吸松弛，也会导致金郁；肺华皮毛，
毛脱落皮聚缩，也会导致金郁。至于悲伤肺，忧愁也伤肺；魄失奠安也伤肺，形寒饮冷也伤肺，治节不出也伤肺，与逆秋气则太阴不收，肺气焦满，都叫做金郁。以及种种导致金郁的原因，变生种种金郁的证候。都可以舒缓它们，舒缓它们就是所谓的泄之。经书说金郁则泄之，泄之的含义，又不只是疏解说解表利小便而已了。别录主治霍乱。霍乱，是阴阳错乱，确实属于藏真气失于运行，只是水谷不泌，也失于区别。突然吐下，难道不是土郁吗；土郁就要夺之，香薷的功效，又擅长于夺取土之郁结。即使是治疗五水暴聚成肿，确实属于精气失于游溢转输，只是水以润为体，溉为用，聚结则具体无用，难道不是水郁吗。水郁就要折之，香薷的功效，原本就擅长于折除水之郁结。现在更加昭然显著了。仔细观察致病霍乱五水的原因，又难道只有暑气是本因，本风也可以，本寒也可以，本湿也可以，本虚也可以，本实也可以，本营卫不调也可以，本饮食失节也可以。香薷的功效，不仅仅只是逆转暑气，也昭然显著了。简易方主治四时伤寒不正之气，这就足以证明了。即使是局方香薷饮，陈列病因证候，治疗暑月卧湿当风，生冷不禁，以致真邪相干，遂成吐逆，
或发热头痛体痛，或心腹痛，或转筋干呕，或四肢逆冷，烦闷欲死者，佐以扁豆、浓朴，锉末作散，以酒以水，煮之成饮，更足以证明。如果仅仅逆转暑气，大明本草怎么会主治疗呕逆冷气，反而从治其本寒，与标阴的病因证候呢。濒湖李时珍有云∶夏月之用香薷，犹如冬月之用麻黄，这又足以证明了。肘后方治疗舌上出血如钻孔。圣惠方治疗鼻中衄血不止。外台秘要方治疗吐血如涌泉。永类钤方治疗小儿发迟，头发是血之余。诵读这四个方子，就知道藏真之气高于肺，以运行营卫阴阳的机制了。局方煎之以酒以水，水中顿冷冻饮料，胡洽居土水熬作圆，深师方取汁炼膏，简易方捣筛成末，酒调热服取汗，这是各因其势而利导之。又难道仅仅是水中顿冷冻饮料，反佐以取之的一种方法吗。更观古人称香薷曰膳膏，就知道了。赜偶有所得，不避讥嫌，推展如此。或许借此寻求五郁的病因证候，比量药石的功效，不至于被耳食所束缚，那么草木治疗疾病的幸运就大了。
[Recorded in the Bie Lu as a Middle Grade herb]
The Xuanfu (sweat pores) and hair follicles are the channels for turbid substances, such as the Youmen (metaphorically referring to internal excretory pathways).
When weeping, the Qi mechanism becomes chaotic and difficult to sustain; when lax, it leads to waste without measure. Yin stores essence and responds urgently to Yang; Yang guards the exterior and maintains solidity. Yang acting on the exterior is the servant of Yin.
Yin residing in the Lung acts like an official of court, from which governance and regulation arise.
[Flavor and Nature] Pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome with vomiting and diarrhea), abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and dissipates edema.
[Verification] It is stated: Grows in mountains and wild areas; found in Jinghu North and South, and both Shuans. People in the Central Plains cultivate it in gardens, calling it "Xiangcai" (fragrant vegetable), using it as a foodstuff.
Seedlings emerge in April; leaves resemble Artemisia capillaris (Yinchen), spikes resemble Schizonepeta (Jingjie), flowers resemble Perilla frutescens (Shuisu), yet their aromas are distinctly different. One variety has large leaves and square stems, resembling Vitex negundo (Mujing) leaves but smaller and pointed; another variety has very fine leaves, growing only a few inches high, with leaves resembling broomcorn millet (Luoshu), possessing a stronger fragrance; this is Shi Xiangru (Stone Mosla). It is best harvested in September when flowers bloom and spikes form. Remove roots, take stems and leaves, and dry them in the sun. Processing methods vary according to prescriptions; avoid fire exposure. Dosage can reach ten taels; one must avoid eating peaches (Bai Xiantao) for life.
[Annotation] It is said: "Xiang" refers to aroma, "Ru" refers to softness/pliability. It also excels in differentiation and explanation. Speaking of its aroma, it is fragrant; its substance is soft; its efficacy lies in skillful differentiation and explanation. The world certainly knows its efficacy in treating Summerheat, but neglects to inquire into the reasons for its treatment and the syndromes it addresses. Adhering strictly to the method of drinking cold beverages immediately after water intake, without considering the appropriateness or contraindications of such drinking habits, causes many merits of Xiangru to be lost. Generally, the prevalence of Summerheat is called Summerheat pathogenic influence (Shu Yin); when Lung Metal is affected by pathogens, it is called Metal Stagnation (Jin Yu). Summerheat pathogenic influence overcomes the Metal it controls; Metal stagnation must wait for the Water it generates, acting as the mother to restore against the unconquered Summerheat, causing Summerheat to descend from the Heart and retreat. Thus, the efficacy of Xiangru, being a helper in resolving Lung Metal stagnation, should fully possess the ability to differentiate the substance and function of Water. Therefore, distinguishing the substance of Water and delimiting the function of Water, its merit is particularly prominent. The Classic states: When liquid enters the Stomach, its refined essence floats and overflows, transporting upward to the Lung, regulating water passages, and transporting downward to the Bladder. However, if refined essence does not float or overflow, and water passages are not regulated, it also causes Metal to suffer stagnation. Thus, the cause of Metal stagnation is not solely Summerheat. The efficacy of Xiangru is not merely reversing Summerheat. Even floating/refining essence and regulating water passages are means to relieve Metal stagnation. If one abandons refining essence and transporting it upward to the Lung, there is no way to regulate water passages and transport them downward to the Bladder. The efficacy of Xiangru is thus also a helper of refined essence. The Classic states: When Metal is stagnant, it should be drained. Commentary explains: This means releasing the exterior and promoting urination. However, if Xuanfu closes, exterior Qi resists; if Youmen seals, Bladder suffers retention. This also causes Metal to suffer stagnation. Opening and lifting Xuanfu, and opening Youmen, is precisely how Metal stagnation is relieved. If one abandons opening Xuanfu, there is no way to open Youmen. The efficacy of Xiangru is thus also a helper of Xuanfu. The Classic states: The Zhenzang (True Organ) Qi resides highest in the Lung, to circulate Ying and Wei, and Yin and Yang. However, if Ying blood stagnates in vessels, and Wei Qi relaxes outside vessels, Yang loses its guarding solidity, and Yin loses its urgent response, this also causes Metal to suffer stagnation. Organizing Ying within vessels,肃qing Wei outside vessels, consolidating Yang's defense, and initiating Yin's service, is precisely how Metal stagnation is relieved. If one abandons the Zhenzang of the High Source, Ying, Wei, Yin, and Yang, there is no way to act upon the Form Organs. The efficacy of Xiangru is thus also a helper of Zhenzang. As for the Lung governing Qi, Qi congestion also causes Metal stagnation; the Lung orifice is the nose, nasal obstruction also causes Metal stagnation; the Lung opens, opening collapse also causes Metal stagnation; the Lung governs voice, hoarseness and aphonia also cause Metal stagnation; the Lung connects with court messengers, failure of court messengers also causes Metal stagnation; the Lung performs respiration, rapid breathing and slack breathing also cause Metal stagnation; the Lung manifests in skin and hair, hair loss and skin aggregation also cause Metal stagnation. Furthermore, sorrow injures the Lung, worry also injures the Lung; loss of Po stability also injures the Lung, external cold and cold drinks also injure the Lung, failure of governance and regulation also injures the Lung, and opposing Autumn Qi leading to Taiyin not receiving, resulting in scorched and full Lung Qi, are all named Metal Stagnation. Along with various causes of Metal stagnation generating various Metal stagnation syndromes, all can be relieved; relieving them is what is meant by draining. The Classic says Metal stagnation should be drained; the meaning of draining is not limited to the commentary's explanation of releasing the exterior and promoting urination. Bie Lu indicates treatment for Huoluan. Huoluan involves yin-yang disorder, indeed belonging to Zhenzang Qi failing to circulate; however, failure to separate water and grain also belongs to failure of differentiation. Sudden vomiting and diarrhea—could this not be Earth stagnation? Earth stagnation requires plundering/draining; the efficacy of Xiangru excels in draining Earth stagnation. Treating sudden accumulation of Five Waters forming edema indeed belongs to refined essence failing to float, overflow, and transport; however, Water takes moistening as its substance and irrigating as its function; accumulation renders it substantive but useless—could this not be Water stagnation? Water stagnation requires breaking/restraining; the efficacy of Xiangru originally excels in breaking Water stagnation. Now this is even more manifest. Carefully observing the causes of Huoluan and Five Waters, could they be solely rooted in Summerheat? Rooted in Wind is possible, rooted in Cold is possible, rooted in Dampness is possible, rooted in Deficiency is possible, rooted in Excess is possible, rooted in Ying-Wei disharmony is possible, rooted in dietary irregularity is possible. The efficacy of Xiangru is not merely reversing Summerheat, which is now manifestly clear. Jian Yi Fang treats improper Qi of Cold-Heat from the Four Seasons, which suffices as proof. Even Ju Fang's Xiangru Yin, listing causes and syndromes, treats lying in dampness and facing wind in summer, inability to tolerate raw/cold foods, leading to true-pathogen interaction, resulting in vomiting and reversal,
or fever, headache, body pain, or heart/abdominal pain, or muscle twitching and dry retching, or cold extremities, restlessness and impending death, assisted by Dou Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum) and Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), ground into powder, decocted with wine or water into a drink, further proves this. If it merely reversed Summerheat, how would Da Ming Ben Cao indicate treatment for vomiting and reverse cold qi, instead treating the root cold and matching the superficial Yin causes/syndromes? Linpu (Li Shizhen) said: Using Xiangru in summer is like using Ephedra (Mahuang) in winter, which suffices as proof. Zhou Hou Fang treats bleeding from the tongue like drilled holes. Sheng Hui Fang treats persistent epistaxis. Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang treats hematemesis like a gushing spring. Yong Lei Qian Fang treats delayed hair growth in children; hair is the surplus of blood. Reciting these four formulas reveals the mechanism of Zhenzang Qi residing highest in the Lung to circulate Ying, Wei, Yin, and Yang. Ju Fang decocts with wine and water; drinking cold beverages immediately after water intake; Hu Qia uses earth-water to boil into pills; Shen Shi Fang extracts juice and refines into paste; Jian Yi Fang grinds into powder, taken hot with wine to induce sweating. These each guide according to the trend. Is it merely the method of drinking cold beverages immediately after water intake, using counter-agents to achieve the result? Observing ancients calling Xiangru "Shan Gao" (Meal Paste), one understands. Having gained something偶然ly, avoiding ridicule, expanding thus. Perhaps borrowing this to seek the causes and syndromes of the Five Stagnations, comparing the efficacy of herbs, avoiding being bound by hearsay, then the fortune of herbal medicine in curing diseases would be great.