泻火，解毒，散血，消痰
苦寒有毒。能泻实火，火降则血散肿消，而痰结自解，故能消心、脾老血，行太阴（肺
、脾）、厥阴（肝）之积痰。
治喉痹、咽痛，为要药（擂汁醋和，噙之引涎。《千金方》∶治喉痹，有乌扇膏），治结
核瘕疝，便毒疟母（鳖甲煎丸，治疟母用之，皆取其降厥阴相火也）。通经闭，利大肠，镇
肝明目。
扁竹花根也（叶横铺，如乌羽及扇，故一名乌扇，乌 ），泔水浸一日， 竹叶煮半日
用。
一名千金子
泻，行水，破血，解毒
辛温有毒，行水破血。
治症瘕痰饮，冷气胀满，蛊毒鬼疰。利大、小肠，下恶滞物，涂疥癣疮（玉枢丹用之，
治百病多效。《经疏》曰∶乃以毒治毒之功）。
去壳，取色白者，压去油用（时珍曰∶续随子、大戟、泽漆、甘遂，茎叶相似，主疗亦
相似，长于利水，用之得法，皆要药也）。
一名蠡实
泻湿热，解毒
甘平。
治寒疝喉痹，痈肿疮疖，妇人血气烦闷，血运崩带。利大、小肠。久服令人泻。
丛生，叶似薤而长浓，结角子如麻大，赤色有棱。炒用。治疝用醋拌。根、叶同功。
泻，通窍，拔毒，出有形滞物
辛苦有毒。性善收，亦善走，能开通诸窍、经络。
治偏风不遂， 斜（捣饼。左贴右，右贴左，即止）口噤，鼻窒耳聋（捣烂绵裹，塞耳
塞鼻），喉痹舌胀（油作纸，燃烟熏）。能利水气，治水症浮肿（研服。当下青黄水，壮人只
可五粒）能出有形滞物。治针刺入肉（捣敷伤处，频看，刺出即去药，恐努出好肉），竹木
骨哽（蓖麻子一两，凝水石二两，研匀。以一捻置舌根，噙咽，自然不见），胞胎不下（蓖
麻一粒，巴豆一粒，麝香一分，贴脐中并足心，胎下即去之。若子肠挺出者，捣膏涂顶心，
即收）。能追脓拔毒，敷瘰 恶疮，外用屡奏奇功（鹈鹕油，能引药气入内。蓖麻油，能拔
气出外，故诸膏多用之）。然有热毒，气味颇近巴豆，内服不可轻率（去皮，黄连水浸，每
晨用浸水吞一粒至三四粒，治大风疥癞）。
形如牛蜱，黄褐有斑。盐水煮，去皮研，或用油。忌铁（食蓖麻，一生不得食炒豆，犯
之胀死）。
泻火，解毒，散血，消痰
苦寒有毒。能泻实火，火降则血散肿消，而痰结自解，故能消心、脾老血，行太阴（肺、脾）、厥阴（肝）之积痰。
治喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞不通）、咽痛，为要药（擂汁醋和，噙之引涎。《千金方》∶治喉痹，有乌扇膏），治结核瘕疝，便毒疟母（鳖甲煎丸，治疟母用之，皆取其降厥阴相火也）。通经闭，利大肠，镇肝明目。
扁竹花根也（叶横铺，如乌羽及扇，故一名乌扇，乌 ），泔水浸一日， 竹叶煮半日用。
治症瘕痰饮，冷气胀满，蛊毒鬼疰。利大、小肠，下恶滞物，涂疥癣疮（玉枢丹用之，治百病多效。《经疏》曰∶乃以毒治毒之功）。
去壳，取色白者，压去油用（时珍曰∶续随子、大戟、泽漆、甘遂，茎叶相似，主疗亦相似，长于利水，用之得法，皆要药也）。
治寒疝喉痹，痈肿疮疖，妇人血气烦闷，血运崩带。利大、小肠。久服令人泻。
丛生，叶似薤而长浓，结角子如麻大，赤色有棱。炒用。治疝用醋拌。根、叶同功。
泻，通窍，拔毒，出有形滞物
辛苦有毒。性善收，亦善走，能开通诸窍、经络。
治偏风不遂， 斜（捣饼。左贴右，右贴左，即止）口噤，鼻窒耳聋（捣烂绵裹，塞耳塞鼻），喉痹舌胀（油作纸，燃烟熏）。能利水气，治水症浮肿（研服。当下青黄水，壮人只可五粒）能出有形滞物。治针刺入肉（捣敷伤处，频看，刺出即去药，恐努出好肉），竹木骨哽（蓖麻子一两，凝水石二两，研匀。以一捻置舌根，噙咽，自然不见），胞胎不下（蓖麻一粒，巴豆一粒，麝香一分，贴脐中并足心，胎下即去之。若子肠挺出者，捣膏涂顶心，即收）。能追脓拔毒，敷瘰 恶疮，外用屡奏奇功（鹈鹕油，能引药气入内。蓖麻油，能拔气出外，故诸膏多用之）。然有热毒，气味颇近巴豆，内服不可轻率（去皮，黄连水浸，每晨用浸水吞一粒至三四粒，治大风疥癞）。
形如牛蜱，黄褐有斑。盐水煮，去皮研，或用油。忌铁（食蓖麻，一生不得食炒豆，犯之胀死）。
Clearing fire, detoxifying, dissipating blood stasis, and resolving phlegm.
Bitter, cold, and toxic. It can purge excess fire; when the fire is reduced, blood circulation disperses, swelling subsides, and phlegm nodules resolve spontaneously. Therefore, it can eliminate old blood in the Heart and Spleen, and move accumulated phlegm in the Taiyin (Lung, Spleen) and Jueyin (Liver) meridians.
It is a key herb for treating throat obstruction (obstruction and pain in the throat due to qi and phlegm stagnation) and sore throat (crushed juice mixed with vinegar, held in the mouth to induce salivation. *Qianjin Fang*: For treating throat obstruction, there is Wushan Ointment). It treats scrofula, abdominal masses, and hernias, as well as anal abscesses and splenomegaly due to malaria (used in Biejia Jian Wan for treating splenomegaly due to malaria, all relying on its ability to descend Jueyin ministerial fire). It unblocks menstrual obstruction, promotes bowel movement, calms the Liver, and brightens the eyes.
It is the root of the Iris flower (leaves spread horizontally like crow feathers and fans, hence another name Wu Shan [Crow Fan], Wu Lan). Soak in rice water for one day, then boil with bamboo leaves for half a day before use.
Also known as Qian Jin Zi (Euphorbia Lathyris Seed).
Purging, promoting water metabolism, breaking blood stasis, and detoxifying.
Acrid, warm, and toxic. Promotes water metabolism and breaks blood stasis.
Treats abdominal masses, phlegm-fluid retention, cold qi causing distension and fullness, gu poison, and ghost treading diseases. Benefits the Large and Small Intestines, expels foul stagnant matter, and is applied topically for scabies and tinea infections (used in Yushu Dan, effective for many diseases. *Jingshu* states: This is the function of using toxicity to treat toxicity).
Remove the shell, select the white ones, press to remove the oil, and use the residue (Shizhen said: Xuisui Zi, Daji, Zeqi, and Gansui have similar stems and leaves and similar therapeutic effects. They excel at promoting urination; if used correctly, they are all important herbs).
Also known as Li Shi (Vicia Sativa Seed).
Clearing damp-heat and detoxifying.
Sweet and neutral.
Treats cold hernia, throat obstruction, carbuncles, sores, boils, women's blood and qi disorders causing vexation and oppression, blood syncope, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Benefits the Large and Small Intestines. Long-term use causes diarrhea.
Grows in clusters, leaves resemble Allium tuberosum but are longer and thicker, forming pod-like fruits the size of hemp seeds, red with ridges. Stir-fry before use. For treating hernias, mix with vinegar. Roots and leaves have the same efficacy.
Purging, opening orifices, drawing out toxins, and expelling tangible stagnant matter.
Acrid and bitter, toxic. Its nature is good at contracting but also good at moving. It can open various orifices and meridians.
Treats hemiplegia and facial paralysis (make into a paste. Apply to the right side if the left is paralyzed, and vice versa, which stops the deviation), trismus, nasal congestion, and deafness (crush, wrap in cotton, insert into ears and nose), throat obstruction and tongue swelling (make paper from the oil, burn it to smoke, and fumigate). It can promote diuresis, treat edema due to water retention (grind and take orally. It should cause the passage of greenish-yellow fluid; strong individuals should only take five grains). It can expel tangible stagnant matter. Treats needles embedded in flesh (crush and apply to the wound, check frequently, remove the medicine once the needle is extracted, lest healthy tissue be pushed out), fish or wood bones stuck in the throat (1 liang of Ricinus Communis Seed, 2 liang of Ning Shui Shi [Calcitum], grind evenly. Take a pinch, place at the root of the tongue, hold and swallow, and the bone will naturally disappear), retained placenta (one grain of Ricinus Communis Seed, one grain of Croton Tiglium Seed, 1 fen of Moschus, apply to the umbilicus and soles of the feet; remove after delivery. If the uterus prolapses, make an ointment and apply to the crown of the head, and it will retract). It can draw out pus and toxins, and is applied externally for scrofula and malignant sores, often achieving miraculous results (Pelican oil can guide medicinal qi inward. Ricinus Communis oil can draw qi outward, thus many plasters use it). However, it has hot toxicity, and its aroma and flavor are quite close to Croton Tiglium Seed; internal use should not be rash (remove skin, soak in Coptis Chinensis decoction, swallow one to three or four grains with the soaking water every morning, to treat severe leprosy and scabies).
Shape resembles a cattle tick, yellow-brown with spots. Boil in salt water, remove skin, grind, or use the oil. Avoid iron (After eating Ricinus Communis Seed, one must never eat roasted beans for life; violating this rule causes fatal bloating).