宣，通窍，辟恶
甘温走窜。通窍开郁，辟一切不正之气，杀精鬼。出诸番。合众香之汁煎成。以筋挑起
，悬丝不断者真。
补，和血，敛疮
甘咸。色赤入血分。补心包、肝血不足，专除血痛，散瘀生新，为和血之圣药。治内伤
血聚，金疮折跌，疮口不合，止痛生肌。性急，不可多使，引脓（血竭单入血分、乳香、没
药兼入气分，皆木脂也）。出南番。色赤，以染透指甲者为真（假者是海母血，味大咸，有
腥气）。单碾用（同众药捣，则作尘飞）。
泻，消积，杀虫
辛平（一日温）。入脾胃。消肉积，杀细虫，去臭气（谚曰∶黄芩无假，阿魏无真。刘
纯曰∶阿魏无真却有真，臭而止臭是为珍），解蕈菜，自死牛马肉毒。治心腹冷痛、疟痢（疟
痢多由积滞而起），传尸、疳劳疰虫。出西番。木脂熬成，极臭。试取少许，安铜器一宿，
沾处白如银，汞者真（人多以胡蒜白赝之）。用钵研细，热酒器上熏过入药。
泻热，杀虫
大苦大寒。功专清热杀虫，凉肝明目，镇心除烦。治小儿惊痫五疳，敷 齿湿癣（甘草
末和敷），吹鼻杀脑疳，除鼻痒。小儿脾胃虚寒作泻者勿服。出波斯国。木脂也，味苦、色
绿者真。
泻热，杀虫
苦能杀虫，咸能入胃软坚，大寒能除热。治咽喉热痛（磨扫取涎），齿 风疳，瘰 结
核（苏颂曰∶古方稀用，今口齿家，多用为要药）。出凉肃。乃胡桐脂，入土得斥卤之气结
成，如小石片，木泪状如膏油。
宣通，开窍，辟除邪恶之气。
味甘、性温，善于走窜通行。能通利孔窍、开解郁结，驱散一切不正之气，杀灭精怪鬼魅。产于各番邦地区。是将各种香料的汁液合煎浓缩而成。用筋条挑起时，若悬丝不断者为真品。
补益，和血，收敛疮口。
味甘、咸。色赤，入血分。补益心包络与肝血之不足，专门消除血瘀疼痛，消散瘀血、生成新血，是和血类的圣药。治疗内伤导致的血液凝聚，金刃创伤及骨折跌打损伤，疮口久不愈合，具有止痛生肌的功效。其药性急烈，不可多用。（注：血竭单入血分；乳香、没药兼入气分，三者皆属木脂类）。产于南番地区。色赤，以能染透指甲者为真品（假品是海母血，味道极咸，有腥气）。需单独研磨使用（若与众药同捣，则会变成粉尘飞扬）。
泻实，消积滞，杀虫。
味辛、性平（一说性温）。入脾、胃经。消除肉食积滞，杀灭细小寄生虫，去除臭秽之气（谚语说：黄芩没有假货，阿魏没有真货。刘纯说：阿魏虽无真货却有真效，以臭制臭才是珍贵之处），解除菌菇蔬菜中毒，以及自死牛马肉的毒性。治疗心腹冷痛、疟疾痢疾（疟痢多由积滞引起），传尸劳病、疳劳及疰虫。产于西番地区。由木脂熬制而成，气味极臭。测试方法：取少许放在铜器中过夜，沾染处变白如银者即为真品（许多人用胡蒜的白色部分来冒充）。需用钵研成细粉，在热酒器上熏蒸后入药。
泻热，杀虫。
味大苦、性大寒。功效专于清热杀虫，凉肝明目，镇心安神、除烦。治疗小儿惊痫及五种疳积，外敷可治牙齿湿癣（用甘草末调和外敷），吹鼻可治脑疳，消除鼻痒。脾胃虚寒导致腹泻的小儿忌服。产于波斯国。属于木脂类，味苦、色绿者为真品。
泻热，杀虫。
苦味能杀虫，咸味能入胃软坚散结，大寒性能清除热邪。治疗咽喉热痛（磨碎扫涂以取痰涎），牙齿风疳，瘰疬结核（苏颂说：古方中很少使用，如今口腔科医生多将其作为要药）。产于凉肃地区。这是胡桐脂，渗入土壤受到盐碱之气凝结而成，形状像小石片，木质流泪状如膏油。
To open orifices, dispel evil qi.
Sweet and warm in nature, penetrating and moving. It opens the orifices and resolves depression, dispels all kinds of abnormal qi, and kills spirits and demons. Produced in various foreign regions. It is made by decocting and concentrating the juices of various aromatic substances. When lifted with a tendon, if it forms an unbroken thread, it is genuine.
Tonify, harmonize blood, astringe sores.
Sweet and salty in taste. Red in color, enters the Blood level. Tonifies insufficiency of the Pericardium and Liver Blood, specifically eliminates blood stasis pain, disperses stasis and generates new blood, serving as the supreme medicine for harmonizing blood. Treats internal injury causing blood aggregation, metal wounds and fractures/dislocations, non-healing sore openings; it stops pain and promotes tissue regeneration. Its action is rapid/intense, so it should not be used in large doses. (Note: Xuejie [Dragon's Blood] enters the Blood level alone; Ruxiang [Olibanum] and Moyao [Myrrha] enter both Qi and Blood levels; all are tree resins). Produced in Southern Foreign Regions. Red in color, genuine if it dyes the fingernails thoroughly (fake is sea mother's blood, extremely salty taste, fishy odor). Grind separately for use (if pounded together with other herbs, it turns to dust).
Drain excess, resolve accumulation, kill parasites.
Pungent and neutral in nature (some say warm). Enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. Resolves meat accumulation, kills small parasites, removes foul odors (Proverb says: Huangqin [Scutellaria Root] has no fakes, Awei [Ferula Gum-Resin] has no genuine goods. Liu Chun said: Although Awei has no genuine goods, it has genuine efficacy; using odor to counteract odor is precious). Relieves toxicity from mushrooms/vegetables and self-dead cattle/horse meat. Treats cold pain in the heart and abdomen, malaria and dysentery (malaria and dysentery often arise from stagnation), corpse-transmission consumption, childhood malnutrition diseases, and zhu worms. Produced in Western Foreign Regions. Made from boiled tree resin, extremely foul-smelling. Test: place a small amount in a copper vessel overnight; if the area touched turns white like silver, it is genuine (many fake it with the white part of garlic). Grind finely in a mortar, fumigate over hot wine vessels before adding to prescriptions.
Drain heat, kill parasites.
Bitter and cold in nature. Its function specializes in clearing heat and killing parasites, cooling the Liver and brightening the eyes, calming the Heart and relieving restlessness. Treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, five types of childhood malnutrition diseases; applied externally treats damp tinea of teeth (mixed with Gancao [Licorice Root] powder), blown into the nose to treat brain malnutrition disease, relieves nasal itching. Contraindicated for children with diarrhea due to Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold. Produced in Persia. It is a tree resin; bitter in taste and green in color is genuine.
Drain heat, kill parasites.
Bitterness kills parasites, saltiness softens hardness entering the Stomach, great cold clears heat. Treats hot pain in the throat (grind and sweep to extract phlegm/saliva), wind malnutrition of teeth, scrofula and lymph node tuberculosis (Su Song said: rarely used in ancient formulas, now frequently used by dental specialists as an essential drug). Produced in Liangsu region. This is Hutongzhi [Tamarix Gum], formed by seeping into soil and condensing under saline-alkali qi, resembling small stone flakes; the wood tear resembles paste or oil.