〔害〕辛窜性燥，血虚火炎者勿用。胎妇多服耗气，必致难产。凡腹痛属火，泄泻得之
暑热
；胎动由于血热；滞下由于湿热；上气咳逆，由于火冲迫肺，而不由于寒气所滞；皆须详察
鉴别。误则有损无益，宜慎之。
〔利〕芳香归脾，辛能润肾，下气化食，治心疼欲呕，开脾胃要药，和中气正品。若肾
气不
归元，非此向导不济，胎喜疏利，故主之。阳春砂仁，即缩砂仁，其性同，而长于开胃。砂
仁壳力缓。
〔修治〕出岭南，七八月采，炒去衣，研入药。
〔害〕辛热燥烈，流行三焦，凡呕吐不因于寒及阳虚者，皆不得入。如火升作呕，因热
腹痛
气虚诸症，法咸忌用。
〔利〕辛温，入脾胃，通温三焦，宽中气滞，温中除吐逆，开胃消饮食，治疟症，除目
翳。
蔻壳力稍逊。
〔修治〕番舶来者良，去衣微焙研细用。
甘平，得天地中和之气，平和五脏，补益气血，除烦清热，利便止渴，是无害于病症。
惟患
霍乱之后，忌粥及米饭。有早中晚者，得金气，多性凉，尤能清热。
北粳凉，南粳温，赤粳热，白粳凉，新粳热，陈粳凉， 糯温，陈廪平。
除霍乱症外，余皆有益于人，而无损也。
【危害】砂仁气味辛散且性燥，血虚而有虚火的人不宜使用。孕妇多服会耗伤元气，必然导致难产。凡是腹痛属于火证，泄泻是由于暑热所致；胎动不安是因为血热；痢疾是由于湿热引起；气逆咳嗽，是由于火邪冲迫肺脏，而不是由于寒气阻滞；这些情况都必须详细审查鉴别。如果误用则只有损害没有益处，应当谨慎对待。
【功效】砂仁芳香入脾经，辛味能滋润肾经，能下行气化并帮助消化食物，是治疗心胃疼痛、想要呕吐的良药，也是调和脾胃的正宗药物。如果肾气不能归元（固摄），没有这种引导药则无法奏效；胎儿喜欢疏利通畅，所以用它来安胎。阳春砂仁就是缩砂仁，它们的药性相同，但阳春砂仁更擅长开胃。砂仁壳的药力较缓和。
【炮制】产于岭南地区，七八月份采集，炒后去掉外壳，研碎后入药。
【危害】白豆蔻气味辛热燥烈，通行三焦，凡是呕吐不是由寒邪引起以及阳气虚弱导致的呕吐，都不得使用。如果是因火热上炎引起的呕吐，因热邪导致的腹痛，以及气虚的各种病症，按照法则都应禁忌使用。
【功效】白豆蔻气味辛温，入脾胃经，能通调温煦三焦，宽畅中焦的气机阻滞，温中去除呕吐逆气，开胃消食，治疗疟疾，消除目翳（眼生云翳）。白豆蔻壳的药力稍弱。
【炮制】来自海外番邦进口的品质较好，去掉外壳微焙后研成细粉使用。
糯米味甘性平，禀受天地中和之气，能平和五脏，补益气血，清除烦热，利尿止渴，对病症没有害处。只有在患霍乱之后，忌食粥和米饭。糯米有早稻、中稻、晚稻之分，得金气较多者，性质偏凉，尤其能清热。北方产的粳米性凉，南方产的粳米性温，赤色粳米性热，白色粳米性凉，新米性热，陈米性凉，糯米性温，陈年糯米性平。除了霍乱症之外，其余情况都对人有益而无损害。
谷芽味甘性温，能消食，功效与麦芽相同，但性质不损伤元气。其温中之功较长，是消食健脾、开胃和中的主要药物。生谷芽特别擅长开胃。
[Adverse Effects] Its pungent and dispersing nature is drying; it should not be used by those with blood deficiency and flaming fire. Excessive consumption by pregnant women depletes Qi, inevitably leading to difficult labor. Whenever abdominal pain is due to Fire, diarrhea results from Summerheat; fetal restlessness is due to Blood heat; dysentery is caused by Damp-Heat; upward rushing of Qi with cough and reverse flow is due to Fire harassing the Lung, not due to Cold stagnation; all these conditions require careful differentiation. Misuse causes harm without benefit, so caution is advised.
[Efficacy] Its aromatic quality enters the Spleen, and its Pungency can moisten the Kidney. It directs Qi downward and aids digestion. It is a key herb for treating heart-stomach pain and nausea, and a principal agent for harmonizing the Middle Jiao. If Kidney Qi fails to return to its root, this guiding herb is necessary for efficacy. The fetus favors free flow and unblocking, hence it is used to calm the fetus. Yangchun Amomi Fructus (Spring Cardamom) is the same as Suo Amomi Fructus (Constricted Cardamom); their properties are identical, but Yangchun is superior in opening the stomach. Amomi Pericarpium (Cardamom Husk) has a milder effect.
[Preparation] Originates from Lingnan. Harvested in the seventh and eighth lunar months. Stir-fried to remove the husk, then ground for medicinal use.
[Adverse Effects] Sha Ren (White Cardamom) is Pungent, Hot, and drying, circulating through the Three Jiaos. It must not be used for vomiting not caused by Cold or Yang Deficiency. Vomiting due to rising Fire, abdominal pain due to Heat, and various symptoms of Qi Deficiency are all contraindicated according to principles.
[Efficacy] Sha Ren is Pungent and Warm, entering the Stomach and Spleen channels. It unblocks and warms the Three Jiaos, relieves Middle Jiao Qi stagnation, warms the Middle to stop vomiting and reverse flow, opens the stomach, and promotes digestion. It treats Malaria and removes eye nebulae (pterygium). Sha Ren Pericarpium (Cardamom Husk) is slightly less potent.
[Preparation] Those imported via foreign ships are of good quality. Remove the husk, lightly roast, and grind into fine powder for use.
Japonica Oryzae Semen (Glutinous Rice) is Sweet and Neutral, possessing the harmonious Qi of Heaven and Earth. It harmonizes the Five Zang Organs, tonifies Qi and Blood, clears irritability and Heat, promotes urination, and stops thirst. It does no harm to pathological conditions. However, after suffering from Cholera-like disease (Huoluan), porridge and rice should be avoided. There are early, middle, and late varieties; those receiving more Metal Qi tend to be Cooling and are especially effective at clearing Heat. Northern Japonica Oryzae Semen is Cooling, Southern is Warming, Red is Hot, White is Cooling, New is Hot, Aged is Cooling, Glutinous is Warming, and Aged Glutinous is Neutral. Except for Cholera-like disease, it benefits everyone else without causing harm.
Coeli Fermentata (Sprouted Millet) is Sweet and Warm, promoting digestion with effects similar to Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), but without damaging Yuan Qi. It is particularly strong in warming the Middle, serving as a key herb for digesting food, strengthening the Spleen, opening the stomach, and harmonizing the Middle Jiao. Raw Coeli Fermentata is especially good at opening the stomach.