味苦，辛，性温，有毒。入肝、脾二经。畏附子、干姜、生姜。冬月研末，入牛胆中，
悬风处。
风痰阻络之麻痹以及上扰之眩晕，均堪医治。痰浊凝聚之坚积，破伤风、湿之噤强。亦可酌
施。伍木香利痰行气，
和龙脑急救揩齿。配荆芥治风痰头痛，调姜汁治风痛痰迷。
南星入肝去风痰，性烈而燥，得牛胆则燥气减；得火炮则烈性缓；得防风则不麻。和猪
胆能治小儿痫后之喑。
南星治风痰，半夏治湿痰，功用虽类，而实殊也。非西北人真中风及怀孕之人勿
服。
味辛，性温，有毒。入胃经。炮，去皮脐。
消痰去湿，止痉除麻。中风失音，口眼 斜。
白附子，引药上行，与黑附子非一类也。
白附子，燥药也。似中风证，虽有痰亦禁用，小儿慢惊勿用。
味辛，性热，无毒。入肺经。
解肌发汗，利气疏痰。温中而冷滞冰消，辟邪而祟魔远遁。酒服而反胃宜痊，醋涂而痈
毒可
散。伍苏莱为三子养亲，同术枣治胸胁痰饮。
痰在胁下，及皮里膜外者，非白芥子不能达，煎汤不可太过，便减力量。
肺经有热，阴虚火亢者勿服。茎叶动风动气，有疮疡痔疾者俱忌。
味甘、微苦、酸，性寒，无毒。入心、脾二经。枸杞为使。恶干姜，畏牛膝、干漆，反
乌头
。
燥得以润，痰可以清。排脓散肿，利膈清心。止渴退烦热，通乳生唾津。消瘀血，催月
经。
消痰解热，是其职专，通经者，非若桃仁姜黄之直行血分，热清则血不瘀耳。旧称补虚，
亦以热退为补，不可不察。耳聋未久者，可用酿酒，饮之有益。
天花粉禀清寒之气，脾胃虚寒及泄泻者忌用。
味苦，辛，性温，有毒。入肝、脾二经。畏附子、干姜、生姜。冬月研末，入牛胆中，悬风处。
天南星（Arisaema Rhizoma）味道苦、辛，性质温热，具有毒性。归入肝经和脾经。与附子（Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata）、干姜（Zingiberis Rhizoma）、生姜（Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens）存在配伍禁忌（相畏）。冬季将其研磨成粉末，装入牛胆中，悬挂在通风处晾干。
风痰阻络之麻痹以及上扰之眩晕，均堪医治。痰浊凝聚之坚积，破伤风、湿之噤强。亦可酌施。伍木香利痰行气，和龙脑急救揩齿。配荆芥治风痰头痛，调姜汁治风痛痰迷。
对于因风痰阻滞经络导致的肢体麻木，以及风痰上扰引起的头晕目眩，均有良好的治疗效果。对于痰浊凝聚形成的坚硬积聚，以及破伤风（Trismus / Tetanus）和湿邪导致的牙关紧闭、身体强直等症状，也可以酌情使用。与木香（Aucklandiae Radix）配合，可以利痰行气；与冰片（Borneolum Syntheticum）混合，可用于急救时擦拭牙齿。与荆芥（Schizonepetae Herba）配伍，可治疗风痰引起的头痛；用姜汁（Zingiberis Succus）调和，可治疗风痛及痰迷心窍之证。
南星入肝去风痰，性烈而燥，得牛胆则燥气减；得火炮则烈性缓；得防风则不麻。和猪胆能治小儿痫后之喑。
天南星入肝经以祛除风痰，其药性猛烈且干燥，若与牛胆（Bovis Calculus）同制，则燥性减弱；若经过火煨炮制，则烈性缓和；若与防风（Saposhnikoviae Radix）同用，则不再引起麻木感。与猪胆（Sus Scrofa Domesticus Bile）配合，可以治疗小儿癫痫发作后的失语症。
南星治风痰，半夏治湿痰，功用虽类，而实殊也。非西北人真中风及怀孕之人勿服。
天南星主要用于治疗风痰，半夏（Pinelliae Rhizoma）主要用于治疗湿痰，虽然两者功效相似，但实质上有区别。除非是西北地区人群患有的真中风（True Stroke），或者是孕妇，否则不要服用。
味辛，性温，有毒。入胃经。炮，去皮脐。
白附子（Typhonii Rhizoma）味道辛，性质温热，具有毒性。归入胃经。需经过炮制，并去除外皮和根蒂。
具有消除痰湿、止痉祛麻的功效。用于治疗中风导致的失音、口眼歪斜（Facial Paralysis）。
白附子能引导药力上行，与黑附子（Aconiti Radix）不属于同一类药物。
白附子属于燥烈之药。如果是类似中风的证候，即使有痰湿也严禁使用，小儿慢惊风（Infantile Slow Convulsion）患者也不宜使用。
味辛，性热，无毒。入肺经。
白芥子（Sinapis Semen）味道辛，性质大热，无毒。归入肺经。
解肌发汗，利气疏痰。温中而冷滞冰消，辟邪而祟魔远遁。酒服而反胃宜痊，醋涂而痈毒可散。伍苏莱为三子养亲，同术枣治胸胁痰饮。
能够解肌发表、发汗，理气化痰。温暖中焦，使寒凝停滞如冰般消融；驱除邪气，使病邪远离。用酒送服，适宜治愈反胃（Regurgitation）；用醋调涂，可以消散痈肿毒邪。与紫苏子（Perillae Fructus）、莱菔子（Radicis et Semen Raphani）配合组成“三子养亲汤”（Sanzi Yangqin Decoction），与白术（Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma）、大枣（Jujubae Fructus）同用，可治疗胸胁部的痰饮（Phlegm-fluid retention in chest and hypochondrium）。
痰在胁下，及皮里膜外者，非白芥子不能达，煎汤不可太过，便减力量。
痰饮停留在胁肋下方，以及皮肤与肌肉之间的膜原部位，若非白芥子不能到达病所。煎煮汤剂时不宜过度，否则会减弱药效。
肺经有热、阴虚火旺者禁止服用。白芥子的茎叶容易动风动气，患有疮疡、痔疮疾病的人均应忌用。
味甘、微苦、酸，性寒，无毒。入心、脾二经。枸杞为使。恶干姜，畏牛膝、干漆，反乌头。
天花粉（Trichosanthis Radix）味道甘、微苦、酸，性质寒凉，无毒。归入心经和脾经。以枸杞（Lycii Fructus）作为引经药。与干姜（Zingiberis Rhizoma）存在配伍禁忌（相恶），畏惧牛膝（Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix）、干漆（Toxicodendri Resina），与乌头（Aconiti Radix）存在相反禁忌（相反）。
燥得以润，痰可以清。排脓散肿，利膈清心。止渴退烦热，通乳生唾津。消瘀血，催月经。
能够滋润燥热，清除痰浊。排出脓液，消散肿胀，宽胸利膈，清心除烦。止渴退热，促进乳汁分泌，生津止渴。消除瘀血，催进月经。
消痰解热，是其职专，通经者，非若桃仁姜黄之直行血分，热清则血不瘀耳。旧称补虚，亦以热退为补，不可不察。耳聋未久者，可用酿酒，饮之有益。
消除痰浊、解除热邪是它的主要专长。其通经作用，不像桃仁（Persicae Semen）和姜黄（Curcumae Longae Rhizoma）那样直接作用于血分，而是通过清除热邪从而使血液不再瘀滞。旧时称其能补虚，也是基于热退之后身体恢复的角度而言，这一点必须仔细辨别。对于新近发生的耳聋，可以用其酿酒饮用，有益健康。
Taste: bitter, pungent; Nature: warm; Toxicity: toxic. Enters the Liver and Spleen meridians. Incompatible with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang). In winter, grind into powder, place inside a bovine gallbladder, and hang in a ventilated place to dry.
It is effective for treating numbness caused by wind-phlegm obstructing the collaterals, as well as dizziness resulting from wind-phlegm disturbing upward. It can also be used酌情ly for hard accumulations formed by phlegm-turbidity condensation, trismus/tetanus (Poshangfeng), and stiffness due to dampness. When combined with Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), it promotes phlegm resolution and qi movement; mixed with Borneolum Syntheticum (Longnao), it can be used for emergency dental wiping. Paired with Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie), it treats headaches due to wind-phlegm; blended with Zingiberis Succus (Jiangzhi), it addresses wind-pain and phlegm-misting the mind.
Entering the Liver meridian, Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizoma) dispels wind-phlegm. Its nature is fierce and drying. Processing with Bovis Calculus (Niu Dan) reduces its drying property; fire-roasting (Huo Pao) mitigates its fierce nature; using it with Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) prevents numbness. Combined with Sus Scrofa Domesticus Bile (Zhu Dan), it treats aphonia following pediatric epilepsy.
Tian Nan Xing treats wind-phlegm, while Pinelliae Rhizoma (Ban Xia) treats damp-phlegm. Although their functions are similar, they are fundamentally different. Do not take unless it is a true stroke (Zhen Zhong Feng) occurring in people from the Northwest region, or if the patient is pregnant.
Taste: pungent; Nature: warm; Toxicity: toxic. Enters the Stomach meridian. Processed by removing the skin and root navel.
Eliminates phlegm and dampness, stops spasms, and removes numbness. Used for loss of voice due to stroke and facial paralysis (Kou Yan Xie).
Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma) guides medicinal properties upward and belongs to a different category than Hei Fu Zi (Aconiti Radix).
Bai Fu Zi is a drying herb. Even if phlegm is present in conditions resembling stroke, it is strictly contraindicated. It should not be used for infantile slow convulsion (Xiao Er Man Jing).
Taste: pungent; Nature: hot; Toxicity: non-toxic. Enters the Lung meridian.
Releases the muscle layer, induces sweating, benefits qi, and disperses phlegm. Warms the middle jiao, melting cold stagnation like ice; expels evil pathogens, driving away malevolent influences. Taken with wine, it cures regurgitation (Fan Wei); applied with vinegar, it dissipates carbuncle toxins. Combined with Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) and Radicis et Semen Raphani (Lai Fu Zi) to form Sanzi Yangqin Decoction (Three Seeds Nourishing Elderly Decoction); together with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Bai Zhu) and Jujubae Fructus (Da Zao), it treats phlegm-fluid retention in the chest and hypochondrium.
For phlegm located under the ribs and in the membrane outside the skin, only Sinapis Semen (Bai Jie Zi) can reach the site. Decocting it into soup should not be excessive, otherwise, its efficacy will be reduced.
Contraindicated in cases of heat in the Lung meridian and yin deficiency with hyperactive fire. The stems and leaves stir wind and qi; those with sores, ulcers, or hemorrhoids must avoid them.
Taste: sweet, slightly bitter, sour; Nature: cold; Toxicity: non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Spleen meridians. Lycii Fructus (Gouqi) acts as a guiding drug. Adversely affected by Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang); incompatible with Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (Niuxi) and Toxicodendri Resina (Gan Qi); contrary to Aconiti Radix (Wutou).
Moistens dryness, clears phlegm. Drains pus, dissipates swelling, benefits the diaphragm, and clears the heart. Stops thirst, reduces irritability and heat, promotes lactation, and generates saliva. Eliminates blood stasis, induces menstruation.
Clearing phlegm and resolving heat is its primary function. Its action on unblocking meridians is not like Persicae Semen (Taoren) or Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (Jiang Huang) which directly act on the blood level; rather, clearing heat prevents blood stasis. Old texts claim it tonifies deficiency, based on the idea that reducing heat constitutes tonification; this must be carefully observed. For recent-onset deafness, it can be brewed into wine, which is beneficial.
Trichosanthis Radix (Tian Hua Fen) possesses clear and cold qi. Contraindicated in patients with spleen and stomach deficiency-cold and diarrhea.