味苦寒。入手太阴经。功专泻心火。治喉痛喉肿。齿痛龈肿。喘满热咳。腹痛下
利。五痔诸疮。解药毒。敷秃疮蛇狗蜘蛛伤。疗人马急黄。惟脾虚胃弱者忌。食少便溏受寒
者尤忌。
味辛。入手太阴经。功专消肺风。利咽膈。得荆芥治咽喉不利。得生草治悬痈喉
痛。得甘桔治咽喉痘疹。得薄荷治风热瘾痧。捣和猪脂贴疮肿及反花疮。性冷而滑利。虚寒
泄泻者忌服。一名鼠粘子。一名恶实。
味甘微辛有小毒。入足厥阴少阳经。功专清热散结消肿。以醋磨涂良。并吐风狂
痰涎。
味咸苦寒。入手足太阴经。功专散热解毒。通经下乳。排脓止血。生肌杀虫。治遗
精尿血痈疽发背及痘疹毒。甘草拌蒸。连翘为使。
味苦微寒有毒。入手太阴足厥阴经。功专解邪热。治崩中带下。产后血气胀痛。破
症瘕。发斑痘。化骨鲠。杀三虫。以之浸水中。去垢辟毒。
味辛苦微凉有毒。入手少阴厥阴经。功专散结气。喉痹咽痛。不得稍息。并疗疟母
。喉痹不通。以根捣汁咽之。大腑动即解。或醋研取汁噙之。引出涎亦妙。又方用紫蝴蝶根
一钱。黄芩、生草、桔梗各五分为末。水调顿服立愈。伤寒咽闭肿痛。用生射干、猪脂各四
两。合煎令焦。去渣。每噙枣许即瘥。乳痈初起。用射干、僵蚕、萱草根为末。蜜调敷之神
效。
味苦，性寒。归入手太阴肺经。功效专于清泻心火。治疗咽喉疼痛、咽喉肿胀。牙齿疼痛、牙龈肿胀。气喘胸满、热性咳嗽。腹痛、腹泻。五种痔疮及各种疮疡。解除药物毒性。外敷治疗秃疮以及蛇、狗、蜘蛛咬伤。治疗人和马的急性黄疸病。只有脾胃虚弱者禁忌服用。饮食减少、大便稀溏且受寒者尤其禁忌。
味辛。归入手太阴肺经。功效专于消除肺中风邪。利咽膈。配合荆芥治疗咽喉不利。配合生甘草治疗悬痈、咽喉痛。配合甘桔（甘草与桔梗）治疗咽喉痘疹。配合薄荷治疗风热瘾痧。捣碎后混合猪脂外贴治疗疮肿及反花疮。药性寒冷而滑利。虚寒泄泻者禁忌服用。又名鼠粘子。又名恶实。
味甘，微辛，有小毒。归入足厥阴肝经和足少阳胆经。功效专于清热、散结、消肿。用醋磨涂效果良好。并能吐出风狂痰涎。
味咸、苦，性寒。归入手太阴肺经和足太阴脾经。功效专于散热、解毒。通经络、下乳汁。排脓、止血。生肌、杀虫。治疗遗精、尿血、痈疽发背以及痘疹毒。用甘草拌蒸。以连翘为使药。
味苦，微寒，有毒。归入手太阴肺经和足厥阴肝经。功效专于解邪热。治疗崩漏、带下。产后气血胀痛。破除症瘕积聚。透发斑痘。化解骨鲠。杀灭三虫。用它浸泡在水中，可去除污垢、辟除毒气。
味辛、苦，微凉，有毒。归入手少阴心经和手厥阴心包经。功效专于散结气。治疗喉痹、咽痛，甚至不能稍作休息。并治疗疟母。喉痹不通，将根捣汁吞服。大便通畅即缓解。或用醋研磨取汁含漱，引出涎液也很好。又一方用紫蝴蝶根一钱，黄芩、生甘草、桔梗各五分研为末，水调一次服下立即痊愈。伤寒引起的咽闭肿痛，用生射干、猪脂各四两，合煎至焦枯，去渣。每次含服枣核大小即可痊愈。乳痈初起，用射干、僵蚕、萱草根研为末，蜂蜜调敷，神效。
Bitter, cold. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Its function is specifically to drain Heart Fire (Xin Huo). It treats sore throat and swelling of the throat. Toothache and swelling of the gums. Panting, chest fullness, and hot cough. Abdominal pain and diarrhea. Various sores from the five types of hemorrhoids. Resolves drug toxicity. Applied externally for tinea capitis and injuries from snake, dog, or spider bites. Treats acute jaundice in humans and horses. Contraindicated for those with Spleen deficiency and Stomach weakness. Especially contraindicated for those with poor appetite, loose stools, and cold constitution.
Acrid. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Its function is specifically to dispel Wind from the Lungs. Benefits the pharynx and diaphragm. When combined with Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), it treats throat obstruction. When combined with Shengcao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), it treats retropharyngeal abscess and sore throat. When combined with Ganjie (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Platycodonis Radix), it treats throat eruptions and smallpox. When combined with Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), it treats wind-heat urticaria and erysipelas. Crushed and mixed with pig fat, applied externally for swellings and fungoid ulcers. The nature is cold and slippery. Contraindicated for those with deficiency-cold diarrhea. Also known as Shuniuzi. Also known as Eshi.
Sweet, slightly acrid, slightly toxic. Enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian and Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Its function is specifically to clear heat, dissipate nodules, and reduce swelling. Best when ground with vinegar for topical application. It also induces vomiting of wind-stroke phlegm-saliva.
Salty, bitter, cold. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. Its function is specifically to dissipate heat and resolve toxicity. Unblocks meridians and promotes lactation. Drains pus and stops bleeding. Generates flesh and kills parasites. Treats spermatorrhea, hematuria, carbuncles, back sores, and toxin from chickenpox/smallpox. Steamed with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Used with Qiaoyao (Forsythiae Fructus) as a guiding herb.
Bitter, slightly cold, toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Its function is specifically to resolve pathogenic heat. Treats metrorrhagia and leukorrhea. Postpartum Qi and Blood distension and pain. Breaks up masses and accumulations. Induces eruption of macules and pustules. Dissolves fish bones. Kills three types of parasites. Soaked in water, it removes dirt and repels toxins.
Acrid, bitter, slightly cool, toxic. Enters the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian. Its function is specifically to dissipate stagnant Qi. Treats Bi syndrome of the throat and sore throat, to the extent that one cannot rest even slightly. Also treats malaria spleen enlargement (Nuomu). For throat obstruction, crush the root, extract juice, and swallow. Relief occurs upon bowel movement. Alternatively, grind with vinegar, extract juice, and hold in the mouth to induce salivation, which is also effective. Another prescription uses Zijhudiegen (Radix Bupleuri? *Note: Specific identification varies by text, literal translation used*) 1 qian, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shengcao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) each 5 fen, powdered. Mixed with water and taken in one dose for immediate cure. For sore throat closure and swelling due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), use fresh Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) and pig fat, each 4 liang. Decoct together until charred. Strain. Hold a date-sized amount in the mouth for recovery. For early-stage mastitis, powder Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), and Xuancangen (Daylily Rhizome). Mix with honey and apply externally for miraculous effect.