与菜部真珠菜异
临症指南云∶珍珠草，一名阴阳草，一名假油柑。此草叶背有小珠，昼开夜闭，高三、
四寸
，生人家墙脚下，处处有之。癸亥，予寓西溪看地，见山野间道旁有小草，叶如槐而狭小，
叶背生小珠，如凤仙子大，累累直缀，经霜辄红，询土人皆不识，偶归阅指南，始悟此即真
珠草也。薄暮取视，其叶果闭。
治小儿百病，及诸疳瘦弱眼欲盲，皆效。为末，白汤下，或蒸煮鱼肉食。指南。
百草镜云∶生石上，蔓延丈余，节处生根，苗头极多，叶绒细青色，又名九头狮子草。
又名
金钗草。
按∶纲目九龙草仅于杂草内附见，而所引杨清叟外科方一条，述其苗叶，尚是此草
。至云生红子如杨梅，则误矣。
性温，行血脉，治风痹跌扑损伤，双单蛾痛风。
奶痈∶家宝方∶九龙草捣，同酱板罨。
除臭虫∶经验广集∶取九头狮子草放床四角，每角用二三颗，置草荐下，任其自干，去
臭虫
神妙。
红白蛇缠∶王氏秘方∶九龙草焙存性，麻油调搽。周氏家宝治毒蛇咬，用九龙草捣汁半
碗，
雄黄二钱，酒冲服，止痛。此草生红子如杨梅样，捣汁亦可治喉痛。按∶此则杨清叟外科所
载形状同，或名同物异，与狮子草回殊，并存以俟考。
铁筅帚
葛祖方∶一名龙芽草、石见穿、地胡蜂、地蜈蚣。 百草镜∶地蜈蚣与神仙对坐相似，
惟叶
上有紫斑为别，且神仙对坐草之花，每节两朵，此则攒聚茎端，或三四或五六相聚为别，疑
即石见穿。 龙芽草生山土，立夏时发苗布地，叶有微毛，起茎高一二尺，寒露时开花成穗
，色黄而细小，根有白芽，尖圆似龙芽，顶开黄花，故名金顶龙芽。一名铁胡蜂，以其老根
黑色，形似之，又一种紫顶龙芽，茎有白毛，叶有微毛，寒露时抽茎，开紫花成穗，俱二月
发苗，叶对生贴地，九月枯，七月采。 按∶石打穿纲目于有名未用下列之，只言止骨痛大
风痈肿，不言他用。而葛祖遗方载其功用甚广，并有诸名考之。百草镜∶龙芽二种与地蜈蚣
俱非一物，论其功用∶石打穿治黄胆，地蜈蚣治跌扑黄胆。故百草镜因其用相同，于地蜈蚣
下注，疑即石打穿，于龙芽草下注，亦名石见穿。治下气活血，理百病，散痞满，跌扑吐血
，崩痢肠风下血，明明二种功用各异，不知葛祖方何以混为一？此书传自明末，或有舛讹，
或有的识，未敢妄议，附识于此，以俟再考。 敏按∶蒋仪药镜拾遗赋云∶滚咽膈之痰，平
翻胃之哕，石打穿识得者谁？注∶噎膈翻胃，从来医者病者群相畏惧，以为不治之症。余得
此剂，十投九效，不啻如饥荒之粟，隆冬之裘也。乃作歌以志之。歌曰∶谁人识得石打穿，
绿叶深纹锯齿边，阔不盈寸长更倍；圆茎枝抱起相连。秋发黄花细瓣五，结实匾小针刺攒，
宿根生本三尺许，子发春苗随弟肩。大叶中间夹小叶，层层对比相新鲜。味苦辛平入肺脏，
穿肠穿胃能攻坚。采掇茎叶捣汁用，蔗浆白酒佐使全。噎膈饮之痰立化，津咽平复功最先。
世眼愚蒙知者少，岐黄不识名浪传。丹砂句漏葛仙事，余爱养生着数言。据歌中所言形状，
则又似铁筅帚，故并存其说而附录之。 癸丑，余亲植此草于家园，见其小暑后抽苔，届大
暑即着花吐蕊，抽条成穗，俨如马鞭草之穗。其花黄而小，攒簇条上，始悟马鞭草花紫，故
有紫顶龙芽之名。此则花黄，名金顶龙芽，与地蜈蚣绝不相类，因此草亦有地蜈蚣之名。故
百草镜疑为石见穿也。 李氏草秘∶石见穿生竹林等处，叶小如艾，而花高尺许，治打伤扑
损膈气，则石见穿之叶如艾，又与石打穿之叶深纹锯齿不侔矣。
葛祖方∶消宿食，散中满，下气，疗吐血各病，翻胃噎膈，疟疾，喉痹，闪挫，肠风下
血，
崩痢食积，黄白疸，疔肿痈疽，肺痈，乳痈，痔肿。
乳痈初起∶百草镜∶龙芽草一两，白酒半壶，煎至半碗，饱后服。初起者消，成脓者溃，
且
能令脓出不多。
与菜部中的真珠菜不同。
《临症指南》记载：珍珠草，又名阴阳草，又名假油柑。这种草的叶背长有小珠子，白天张开晚上闭合，高度三四寸，生长在人家的墙脚下，到处都有。癸亥年，我寓居西溪看风水，看见山野间道路旁有小草，叶子像槐树但狭小，叶背生有小珠，大小如同凤仙子（一种植物），累累直垂，经霜后变红，询问当地人都说不认识，偶然回家查阅《指南》，才明白这就是真珠草。傍晚时分取来观察，它的叶子果然闭合了。
治疗小儿各种疾病，以及各类疳积消瘦、眼睛快要失明等症，都有效。研成粉末，用白开水送服，或者蒸煮鱼肉时一起食用。（出自《指南》）
《百草镜》记载：生长在石头上，蔓延长达一丈多，节处生根，苗头极多，叶片绒细呈青色，又名九头狮子草。又名金钗草。
按语：《本草纲目》中九龙草仅在杂草类中附带提及，所引用的杨清叟外科方一条，描述的苗叶，确实就是这种草。至于说结红色的果实像杨梅，那就错了。
奶痈（乳腺炎）：《家宝方》记载：将九龙草捣烂，同酱板一起敷贴。
除臭虫（臭虫）：《经验广集》记载：取九头狮子草放在床铺的四角，每角用二三颗，放在草席下面，任其自然风干，去除臭虫非常神妙。
红白蛇缠（丹毒/带状疱疹）：《王氏秘方》记载：将九龙草焙干存性，用麻油调匀涂抹。周氏《家宝》治疗毒蛇咬伤，用九龙草捣汁半碗，加雄黄二钱，用酒冲服，可止痛。这种草结红色的果实像杨梅样，捣汁也可以治疗喉痛。按语：这则记载中杨清叟外科所载的形状相同，或许是同名异物，与狮子草截然不同，暂且并存以等待考证。
《百草镜》记载：地蜈蚣与神仙对坐草相似，只有叶上有紫斑作为区别，而且神仙对坐草的花，每节两朵，此草则是聚集在茎端，或三四朵或五六朵相聚作为区别，怀疑就是石见穿。
龙芽草生长在山地土壤中，立夏时发苗铺在地上，叶上有微毛，起茎高一二尺，寒露时开花成穗，花色黄而细小，根有白芽，尖圆似龙牙，顶端开黄花，所以名叫金顶龙芽。又名铁胡蜂，因为老根黑色，形状像它。又有一种紫顶龙芽，茎有白毛，叶有微毛，寒露时抽茎，开紫花成穗，都是二月发苗，叶对生贴地，九月枯萎，七月采收。
按语：《本草纲目》在“有名未用”下列出石打穿，只说能止骨痛、治大风痈肿，没说其他用途。而《葛祖遗方》记载其功用很广泛，并考订了诸多名号。《百草镜》记载：两种龙芽草与地蜈蚣都不是同一种物。论其功用：石打穿治疗黄疸，地蜈蚣治疗跌打损伤引起的黄疸。所以《百草镜》因其功用相同，在地蜈蚣下注解说，怀疑就是石打穿；在龙芽草下注解说，也名叫石见穿。主治下气活血，理百病，散痞满，跌扑吐血，崩漏痢疾肠风下血，明明两种物的功用各异，不知《葛祖方》为何混为一谈？此书传自明末，或许有错讹，或许确有见识，不敢妄加议论，附记于此，以等待再考证。
赵学敏按语：蒋仪《药镜拾遗赋》说：“滚咽膈之痰，平翻胃之哕，石打穿识得者谁？”注解说：噎膈翻胃，历来医者和患者都群相畏惧，认为是不治之症。我得到这个方剂，十次使用九次见效，不啻如饥荒时的粮食，隆冬时的皮衣啊。于是作歌以记录此事。歌曰：谁人识得石打穿，绿叶深纹锯齿边，阔不盈寸长更倍；圆茎枝抱起相连。秋发黄花细瓣五，结实匾小针刺攒，宿根生本三尺许，子发春苗随弟肩。大叶中间夹小叶，层层对比相新鲜。味苦辛平入肺脏，穿肠穿胃能攻坚。采掇茎叶捣汁用，蔗浆白酒佐使全。噎膈饮之痰立化，津咽平复功最先。世眼愚蒙知者少，岐黄不识名浪传。丹砂句漏葛仙事，余爱养生着数言。根据歌中所言形状，则又像是铁筅帚，所以并存其说法而附录于此。
癸丑年，我亲自将此草种植于家园，见其在小暑后抽苔，到大暑即着花吐蕊，抽条成穗，俨然像马鞭草的穗。其花黄而小，攒簇在条上，才醒悟马鞭草花紫，所以有紫顶龙芽之名。此草花黄，名叫金顶龙芽，与地蜈蚣绝不相类，因此草也有地蜈蚣之名。所以《百草镜》怀疑它是石见穿。
《李氏草秘》记载：石见穿生长在竹林等处，叶小如艾草，而花高尺许，治疗打伤扑损膈气，则石见穿的叶如艾草，又与石打穿的叶深纹锯齿不相似了。
《葛祖方》记载：消宿食，散中满，下气，疗吐血各病，翻胃噎膈，疟疾，喉痹，闪挫，肠风下血，崩痢食积，黄白疸，疔肿痈疽，肺痈，乳痈，痔肿。
Different from the Zhenzhu Cai (Pearl Vegetable) in the Vegetable Section.
*Linzheng Zhinan* (Guide to Clinical Practice) records: Zhenzhu Cao (Pearl Grass), also known as Yinyang Cao (Yin-Yang Grass), and Jia Yougan (False Oil Citron). This grass has small pearls on the back of its leaves, opening during the day and closing at night. It is three or four cun high, grows at the foot of walls in residential areas, and is found everywhere. In the Guihai year, while residing in Xixi to inspect land fengshui, I saw small grasses by the roadsides in the mountains and fields. The leaves were like those of locust trees but narrower and smaller, with small pearls growing on the leaf backs, as large as Fengxianzi (a type of plant), hanging in clusters, turning red after frost. Asking the locals, none recognized it. Upon returning home and consulting *Zhinan*, I realized this was indeed Zhenzhu Cao. Viewing it at dusk, the leaves were indeed closed.
It is effective in treating various diseases in children, as well as various types of gan accumulation (chronic malnutrition syndrome characterized by emaciation), wasting and thirsting syndromes, and impending blindness. Grind into powder, take with plain boiled water, or cook together with fish and meat. (From *Zhinan*)
*Bai Cao Jing* (Mirror of a Hundred Herbs) records: Grows on rocks, spreading over a zhang long, rooting at the nodes, with numerous shoots. The leaves are velvety, fine, and greenish. Also known as Jiutou Shizi Cao (Nine-Headed Lion Grass). Also known as Jinchai Cao (Gold Hairpin Grass).
Note: *Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica) only mentions Jiulong Cao (Nine-Dragon Grass) incidentally within the Weeds section. The one surgical prescription cited from Yang Qingsou describes the seedlings and leaves, which indeed match this grass. However, the claim that it bears red fruits resembling bayberries is incorrect.
Nature: Warm. Action: Promotes blood circulation. Indications: Wind-bi (wind-rheumatism), traumatic injuries, single or double throat swelling (tonsillitis/pharyngitis), gout.
Mastitis (Nai Yong): *Jiabao Fang* (Family Treasure Prescription): Mash Jiulong Cao, apply mixed with fermented bean curd board.
Eliminating Bedbugs (Chouchong): *Jingyan Guangji* (Extensive Collection of Empirical Experiences): Place Jiutou Shizi Cao at the four corners of the bed, using two or three pieces per corner, under the straw mat, allowing them to dry naturally. This is miraculous for eliminating bedbugs.
Erysipelas / Herpes Zoster (Hongbai Shechan - Red and White Snake Coiling): *Wangshi Mifang* (Wang Family Secret Recipe): Calcine Jiulong Cao until carbonized but retaining efficacy, mix with sesame oil, and apply externally. Zhou Shi's *Jiabao* treats snake bites by mashing Jiulong Cao to extract half a bowl of juice, mixing with 2 qian of Realgar (Xionghuang), taking orally with wine to relieve pain. This grass bears red fruits resembling bayberries; its juice can also treat sore throat. Note: The shape described in this record matches that recorded in Yang Qingsou’s surgical texts. It may be a case of same name but different substance. It is distinct from Shizi Cao. Both are preserved here pending further verification.
Tiexianshou (Iron Broom)
*Ge Zu Fang* (Prescriptions of Ancestor Ge): Also known as Longya Cao (Dragon Claw Grass), Shijianchuan (Stone-Piercing Grass), Dihufeng (Earth Hornet), Diwugong (Earth Centipede).
*Bai Cao Jing* records: Diwugong resembles Shenxian Duizuo Cao (Immortal Sitting Opposite Grass), distinguished only by purple spots on the leaves. Furthermore, the flowers of Shenxian Duizuo Cao appear in pairs at each node, whereas this grass clusters at the stem apex, in groups of three, four, five, or six. Suspected to be Shijianchuan.
Longya Cao grows in mountain soil, sprouting at Lixia (Start of Summer) to cover the ground. Leaves have slight hairs. Stems rise one to two chi high. Flowers form spikes at Hanlu (Cold Dew). Flowers are yellow and small. Roots have white buds, pointed and round like dragon claws, blooming yellow flowers at the top, hence named Jinding Longya (Golden-Topped Dragon Claw). Also known as Tiehufeng (Iron Hornet) due to black old roots resembling hornets. Another variety, Ziding Longya (Purple-Topped Dragon Claw), has white hairs on stems, slight hairs on leaves, shoots up at Cold Dew, blooms purple flower spikes. Both varieties sprout in February, leaves opposite and prostrate, wither in September, harvested in July.
Note: *Bencao Gangmu* lists Shidachuan (Stone-Hitting-Pierce Grass) under "Named but Unused," stating only its ability to stop bone pain and treat severe wind sores, without mentioning other uses. However, *Ge Zu Yi Fang* records its broad functions and correlates various names. *Bai Cao Jing* states that the two types of Longya Cao and Diwugong are not the same substance. Regarding functions: Shidachuan treats jaundice; Diwugong treats jaundice caused by trauma. Thus, *Bai Cao Jing*, noting similar uses, annotates under Diwugong suspecting it is Shidachuan, and annotates under Longya Cao that it is also named Shijianchuan. Functions include descending qi, invigorating blood, regulating hundred diseases, dispersing fullness, treating traumatic hematemesis, metrorrhagia, dysentery, and intestinal wind bleeding. Clearly, the functions of these two substances differ. It is unknown why *Ge Zu Fang* conflates them. This book was transmitted from the late Ming Dynasty; there may be errors, or there may be valid insights. I dare not speculate rashly, recording this here for future verification.
Zhao Xuemin notes: Jiang Yi’s *Yaojing Shiyi Fu* (Supplemental Ode to Mirror of Medicinals) says: "Rolls out phlegm in the esophagus and chest, calms retching from inverted stomach; who recognizes Shidachuan?" The annotation states: Esophageal obstruction and inverted stomach have always been feared by doctors and patients alike as incurable diseases. I obtained this remedy, achieving nine successes out of ten attempts, comparable to grain in a famine or fur coats in deep winter. Thus, I composed a song to record it. The song goes: Who recognizes Shidachuan? Deep green leaves with serrated edges, width less than an inch, length doubled; Round stems embrace each other continuously. Autumn brings yellow flowers with five fine petals, fruit flat and small with needle-like spines clustering; Old roots generate bases about three chi long, spring shoots follow sibling shoulders. Large leaves interspersed with small leaves, layer upon layer contrasting freshly. Taste bitter, pungent, neutral, enters Lung organ, piercing intestines and stomach to overcome hardness. Harvest stems and leaves, crush for juice, using cane sugar and white wine as assistants. Drinking for esophageal obstruction dissolves phlegm immediately, restoring swallowing function first. Worldly eyes are ignorant, few knowers exist; Qi-Huang (medicine) does not recognize it, name spreads in vain. Cinnabar and Goujian, matters of Immortal Ge; I love health preservation, leaving these words. Based on the shape described in the song, it resembles Tiexianshou. Therefore, both theories are preserved and appended.
In the Guichou year, I personally planted this grass in my garden. I observed it shooting stalks after Xiaoshu (Minor Heat), flowering and budding at Dashu (Major Heat), forming spikes just like Verbena officinalis (Mabiancao). Its flowers are yellow and small, clustered on the stems. Only then did I realize Verbena officinalis has purple flowers, hence the name Ziding Longya. This grass has yellow flowers, named Jinding Longya, completely unlike Diwugong. However, since this grass also bears the name Diwugong, *Bai Cao Jing* suspected it to be Shijianchuan.
*Li Shi Caomi* (Secrets of Grasses by Li) records: Shijianchuan grows in bamboo forests etc., leaves small like mugwort, flowers reaching one chi high. Treats traumatic injuries and diaphragmatic qi stagnation. Here, Shijianchuan leaves are like mugwort, differing significantly from the deep-veined serrated leaves of Shidachuan.
*Ge Zu Fang* records: Resolves retained food, disperses middle jiao fullness, descends qi, treats various hematemesis conditions, inverted stomach and esophageal obstruction, malaria, bi-sore throat, sprains, intestinal wind bleeding, metrorrhagia/dysentery with food retention, yellow and white jaundice, carbuncles and sores, lung abscess, breast abscess, hemorrhoidal swelling.
Early-stage Breast Abscess (Ruyong Chuqi): *Bai Cao Jing* records: Take 1 liang of Longya Cao, half hu of white wine, decoct until half a bowl remains. Take after a full meal. Early stages resolve; if pus has formed, it will suppurate, and importantly, limit pus discharge.