（《本经》下品）
【释名】守田（《别录》）、水玉（《本经》）、
时珍曰∶《礼记·月令》∶五月半夏生。盖当夏之半也，故名。守田会意，水玉因形。
【集解】《别录》曰∶半夏生槐里川谷。五月、八月采根，曝干。
普曰∶生微丘或生野中，二月始生，叶三三相偶。白花圆上。
弘景曰∶槐里属扶风。今第一出青州，吴中亦有，以肉白者为佳，不厌陈久。
恭曰∶所在皆有。生平泽中者，名羊眼半夏，圆白为胜。然江南者大乃径寸，南人特重
之。顷来互用，功状殊异。其苗似是由跋，误以为半夏也。
颂曰∶在处有之，以齐州者为佳。二月生苗一茎，茎端三叶，浅绿色，颇似竹叶，而生
江南者似芍药叶。根下相重，上大下小，皮黄肉白。五月、八月采根，以灰裹二日，汤洗曝
干。《蜀图经》云∶五月采则虚小，八月采乃实大。其平泽生者甚小，名羊眼半夏。由跋绝
类半夏，而苗不同。
曰∶白傍 子真似半夏，只是咬着微酸，不入药用。
【修治】弘景曰∶凡用，以汤洗十许过，令滑尽。不尔，有毒戟人咽喉。方中有半夏必
须用生姜者，以制其毒故也。
曰∶修事半夏四两，用白芥子末二两，酽醋六两，搅浊，将半夏投中，洗三遍用之。
若洗涎不尽，令人气逆，肝气怒满。
时珍曰∶今治半夏，惟洗去皮垢，以汤泡浸七日，逐日换汤，晾干切片，姜汁拌焙入药。
或研为末，以姜汁入汤浸澄三日，沥去涎水，晒干用，谓之半夏粉。或研末以姜汁和作饼子，
日干用，谓之半夏饼。或研末以姜汁、白矾汤和作饼，楮叶包置篮中，待生黄衣，日干用，
谓之半夏曲。白飞霞《医通》云∶痰分之病，半夏为主，造而为曲尤佳。治湿痰以姜汁、白
矾汤和之；治风痰以姜汁及皂荚煮汁和之；治火痰以姜汁、竹沥或荆沥和之；治寒痰，以姜
汁、矾汤，入白芥子末和之，此皆造曲妙法也。
根
【气味】辛，平，有毒。
汤洗尽滑用。
元素曰∶味辛、苦，性温，气味俱薄，沉而降，阴中阳也。
好古曰∶辛浓苦轻，阳中阴也。入足阳明、太阴、少阳三经。
之才曰∶射干为之使。恶皂荚。畏雄黄、生姜、干姜、秦皮、龟甲。反乌头。
权曰∶柴胡为之使。忌羊血、海藻、饴糖。
元素曰∶热痰佐以黄芩；风痰佐以南星；寒痰佐以干姜；痰痞，佐以陈皮、白术。多
用则泻脾胃。诸血证及口渴者禁用，为其燥津液也。孕妇忌之，用生姜则无害。
【主治】伤寒寒热，心下坚，胸胀咳逆，头眩，咽喉肿痛，肠鸣，下气止汗（《本经》）。
消心腹胸膈痰热满结，咳嗽上气，心下急痛坚痞，时气呕逆，消痈肿，疗痿黄，悦泽面目，
堕胎（《别录》）。消痰，下肺气，开胃健脾，止呕吐，去胸中痰满。
生者∶摩痈肿，除瘤瘿气（甄权）。治吐食反胃，霍乱转筋，肠腹冷，痰疟（大明）。治
寒痰，
及形寒饮冷伤肺而咳，消胸中痞，膈上痰，除胸寒，和胃气，燥脾湿，治痰厥头痛，消肿散
结（元素）。治眉棱骨痛（震亨）。补肝风虚（好古），除腹胀，目不得瞑，白浊梦遗带下（时
珍）。
【发明】权曰∶半夏使也。虚而有痰气，宜加用之。
颂曰∶胃冷呕哕，方药之最要。
成无己曰∶辛者散也，润也。半夏之辛，以散逆气结气，除烦呕，发音声，行水气，而
润肾燥。
好古曰∶《经》云∶肾主五液，化为五湿。自入为唾，入肝为泣，入心为汗，入脾为痰，入
肺为涕。有痰曰嗽，无痰曰咳。痰者，因咳而动脾之湿也。
半夏能泄痰之标，不能泄痰之本。泄本者，泄肾也。咳无形，痰有形；无形则润，有形
则燥，
所以为流湿润燥也。俗以半夏为肺药，非也。止呕吐为足阳明，除痰为足太阴。柴胡为之使
，故今柴胡汤中用之，虽为止呕，亦助柴胡、黄芩主往来寒热，是又为足少阳、阳明也。
宗 曰∶今人惟知半夏去痰，不言益脾，盖能分水故也。脾恶湿，湿则濡困，困则不能
治水。《经》云∶湿胜则泻。一男子夜数如厕，或教以生姜一两，半夏、大枣各三十枚，水
一升，瓷瓶中慢火烧为熟水，时呷之，便已也。
赵继宗曰∶丹溪言∶二陈汤治一身之痰，世医执之，凡有痰者皆用。夫二陈内有半夏，
其性燥烈，若风痰、寒痰、湿痰、食痰则相宜；至于劳痰、失血诸痰，用之反能燥血液而加
病，不可不知。
机曰∶俗以半夏性燥有毒，多以贝母代之。贝母乃太阴肺经之药，半夏乃太阴脾经、阳
明胃
经之药，何可代也？夫咳嗽吐痰，虚劳吐血，或痰中见血，诸郁，咽痛喉痹，肺痈肺痿，痈
疽，妇人乳难，此皆贝母为向导，半夏乃禁用之药。若涎者脾之液，美味膏粱炙爆，皆能生
脾胃湿热，故涎化为痰，久则痰火上攻，令人昏愦口噤，偏废僵仆，蹇涩不语，生死旦夕，
自非半夏、南星，曷可治乎？若以贝母代之，则翘首待毙矣。
时珍曰∶脾无留湿不生痰，故脾为生痰之源，肺为贮痰之器。半夏能主痰饮及腹胀者，
为其体滑而味辛性温也。涎滑能润，辛温能散亦能润，故行湿而通大便，利窍而泄小便。所
谓辛走气，能化液，辛以润之是矣。洁古张氏云∶半夏、南星治其痰，而咳嗽自愈。丹溪朱
氏云∶二陈汤能使大便润而小便长。聊摄成氏云∶半夏辛而散，行水气而润肾燥。又《和剂
局方》，用半硫丸治老人虚秘，皆取其滑润也。世俗皆以南星、半夏为性燥，误矣。湿去则
土燥，痰涎不生，非二物之性燥也。古方治咽痛喉痹，吐血下血，多用二物，非禁剂也。二
物亦能散血，故破伤打扑皆主之。惟阴虚劳损，则非湿热之邪，而用利窍行湿之药，是乃重
竭其津液，医之罪也，岂药之咎哉？《甲乙经》用治夜不眠，是果性燥者乎？岐伯云∶卫气
行
于阳，阳气满，不得入于阴，阴气虚，故目不得瞑。治法∶饮以半夏汤一剂，阴阳既通，其
卧立至。方用流水千里者八升，扬之万遍，取清五升，煮之，炊以苇薪，大沸，入秫米一升，
半夏五合，煮一升半，饮汁一杯，日三，以知为度。病新发者，覆杯则卧，汗出则已。久者，
三饮而已。
【附方】旧十四，新五十四。
法制半夏，清痰化饮，壮脾顺气∶用大半夏，汤洗七次，焙干再洗，如此七转，以浓米
泔浸
一日夜。每一两用白矾一两半，温水化，浸五日。焙干，以铅白霜一钱，温水化，又浸七日。
以浆水慢火内煮沸，焙干收之。每嚼一二粒，姜汤送化下。（《御药院方》）
红半夏法，消风热，清痰涎，降气利咽∶大半夏，汤浸焙制如上法。每一两入龙脑五分，
朱
砂为衣染之。先铺灯草一重，约一指浓，排半夏于上，再以灯草盖一指浓。以炒豆焙之，候
干取出。每嚼一两粒
化痰镇心，祛风利膈∶辰砂半夏丸∶用半夏一斤（汤泡七次，为末筛过，以水浸三日，
生绢
滤去滓，澄清去水，晒干）一两，入辰砂一钱，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每姜汤下七十丸。此周
府方也。（《袖珍》）
化痰利气∶三仙丸，方见虎掌下。
消痰开胃，去胸膈壅滞∶《斗门方》∶用半夏洗净，焙干为末，自然姜汁和作饼，湿纸裹
煨香。
以熟水二盏，同饼二钱，入盐五分，煎一盏，服之。大压痰毒，及治酒食伤，极验。《经验
后方》∶用半夏、天南星各二两。为末，水五升，入坛内浸一宿，去清水，焙干重研。每服
二钱，水二盏，姜三片，煎服。
中焦痰涎，利咽，清头目，进饮食∶半夏（泡七次）四两，枯矾一两，为末，姜汁打糊，
或煮枣肉，和丸梧子大。每姜汤下十五丸。寒痰加丁香五钱；热痰加寒水石（ ）四两。名
玉液丸。（《和剂局方》）
老人风痰∶大腑热不识人，及肺热痰实，咽喉不利∶半夏（泡七次，焙）、硝石各半两，
为末，入白面一两捣匀，水和丸绿豆大。每姜汤下五十丸。（《普济
膈壅风痰∶半夏不计多少，酸浆浸一宿，温汤洗五、七遍，去恶气，日干为末，浆水搜
作饼，日干再研为末。每五两，入生龙脑一钱，以浆水浓脚和丸鸡头子大。纱袋盛，通风处
阴干。每服一丸，好茶或薄荷汤嚼下。（《御药院方》）
搜风化痰，定志安神，利头目∶辰砂化痰丸∶用半夏曲三两，天南星（炮）一两，辰砂、
枯矾各半两，为末，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每服三十丸，食后姜汤送下。（《和剂局方》）
痰厥中风∶省风汤∶用半夏（汤泡）八两，甘草（炙）二两，防风四两。每服半两，姜
二十片，水二盏，煎服。（《奇效方》）
风痰头晕，呕逆目眩，面色青黄，脉弦者∶水煮金花丸∶用生半夏、生天南星、寒水石
（）各一两，天麻半两，雄黄二钱，小麦面三两，为末，水和成饼，水煮浮起，漉出，捣
丸梧子大。每服五十丸，姜汤下，极效。亦治风痰咳嗽，二便不通，风痰头痛。（洁古《活
法机要》方）
风痰湿痰∶青壶丸∶半夏一斤，天南星半两，各汤泡，晒干为末，姜汁和作饼，焙干，
入神曲半两，白术（末）四两，枳实（末）二两，姜汁面糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸，姜汤下。
（叶氏方）
风痰喘逆，兀兀欲吐，眩晕欲倒∶半夏一两，雄黄三钱，为末，姜汁浸，蒸饼丸梧子大。
每服三十丸，姜汤下。已吐者加槟榔。（《活法机要》）
风痰喘急∶千缗汤∶用半夏（汤洗）七个，甘草（炙）、皂荚（炒）各一寸，姜二片，
水一盏，煎七分，温服。（《苏沈良方》）
上焦热痰咳嗽∶制过半夏一两，片黄芩（末）二钱，姜汁打糊丸绿豆大。每服七十丸，
淡姜汤食后服。此周宪王亲制方也。（《袖珍方》）
肺热痰嗽∶制半夏、栝蒌仁各一两，为末，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每服二、三十丸，白汤
下。或以栝蒌瓤煮熟丸。（《济生方》）
热痰咳嗽，烦热面赤，口燥心痛，脉洪数者∶小黄丸∶用半夏、天南星各一两，黄芩一
两半，为末，姜汁浸蒸饼丸梧子大。每服五、七十丸，食后姜汤下。（洁古《活法机要》）
小儿痰热，咳嗽惊悸∶半夏、南星等分。为末，牛胆汁和，入胆内，悬风处待干，蒸饼
丸绿豆大。每姜汤下三、五丸。（《摘玄方》）
湿痰咳嗽，面黄体重，嗜卧惊，兼食不消，脉缓者∶白术丸∶用半夏、南星各一两，白
术一两半，为末，薄糊丸梧子大。每服五、七十丸，姜汤下。（《活法机要》）
气痰咳嗽，面白气促，洒淅恶寒，愁忧不乐，脉涩者∶玉粉丸∶用半夏、南星各一两，
官桂
小结胸痛，正在心下，按之则痛，脉浮滑者，小陷胸汤主之∶半夏半升，黄连一两，栝
蒌实（大者）一个，水六升，先煮栝蒌取三升，去滓，内二味，煮取二升，分三服。（仲景
《伤寒论》）
湿痰心痛，喘急者∶半夏油炒为末，粥糊丸绿豆大。每服二十丸，姜汤下。（《丹溪心法》）
急伤寒病∶半夏四钱，生姜七片，酒一盏，煎服。（胡洽居士《百病方》）
结痰不出，语音不清，年久者亦宜∶玉粉丸∶半夏半两，桂心一字，草乌头半字，为末，
姜
停痰冷冻饮料呕逆∶橘皮半夏汤∶用半夏（水煮熟）、陈橘皮各一两。每服四钱，生姜七片，
水二
停痰留饮，胸膈满闷，气短恶心，饮食不下，或吐痰水∶茯苓半夏汤∶用半夏（泡）五
两，茯苓三两。每服四钱，姜七片，水一钟半，煎七分，去滓空心服，甚捷径。（《和剂局方》）
支饮作呕，呕家本渴，不渴者，心下有支饮也，或似喘不喘，似呕不呕，似哕不哕，心下愦
愦，并宜小半夏汤∶用半夏（泡七次）一升，生姜半斤，水七升，煮一升五合，分服。（张
仲景《金匮要略》）
哕逆欲死∶半夏生姜汤主之，即上方也。
痘疮哕气∶方同上。
呕哕眩悸，谷不得下∶小半夏加茯苓汤∶半夏一升，生姜半斤，茯苓三两，切，以水七
升，煎一升半，分温服之。（《金匮要略》）
目不得眠∶见发明下。
心下悸忪∶半夏麻黄丸∶半夏、麻黄等分，为末，蜜丸小豆大。每服三十丸，日三。（《金
匮要略》）
伤寒干 半夏熟洗，研末。生姜汤服一钱匕。（《深师方》）呕逆厥逆，内有寒痰∶半
夏一升（洗滑焙研），小麦面一升，水和作弹丸，水煮熟。初吞四、五枚，日三服。稍增至
十五枚，旋煮旋吞。觉病减，再作。忌羊肉、饧糖。此乃许仁则方也。（《外台秘要》）
呕吐反胃∶大半夏汤∶半夏三升，人参三两，白蜜一升，水一斗二升和，扬之一百二十
遍。煮取三升半，温服一升，日再服。亦治膈间支饮。（《金匮要略》）
胃寒哕逆，停痰留饮∶藿香半夏汤∶用半夏（汤泡，炒黄）二两，藿香叶一两，丁香皮
半两。每服四钱，水一盏，姜七片，煎服。（《和剂局方》）
小儿吐泻，脾胃虚寒∶齐州半夏（泡七次）、陈粟米各一钱半，姜十片。水盏半，煎八
分，温服。（钱乙《小儿》）
小儿痰吐，或风壅所致，或咳嗽发热，饮食即呕∶半夏（泡七次）半两，丁香一钱。以
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】守田（出自《名医别录》）、水玉（出自《神农本草经》）。
李时珍说：《礼记·月令》记载：“五月半夏生。”大概是因为它生长在夏季的中间，所以得名。守田是取其会意，水玉是因它的形状而得名。
【集解】《名医别录》说：半夏生长在槐里的河川山谷中。五月和八月采集根部，晒干。
雷敩说：生长在低丘或野外，二月开始生长，叶子三片一组相对。花白色，呈圆形在顶端。
陶弘景说：槐里属于扶风郡。现在以青州出产的为第一等，吴地也有，以肉质洁白者为佳，不怕存放陈旧久远。
苏恭说：各地都有。生长在平原沼泽中的，名叫羊眼半夏，圆白者为好。然而江南产的个头大，直径有一寸，南方人特别重视它。近来互相混用，功效和形态差异很大。它的苗像由跋（一种植物），被误认为是半夏。
苏颂说：到处都有，以齐州出产的为佳。二月生出一茎苗，茎端有三片叶，浅绿色，很像竹叶，而生长在江南的像芍药叶。根下部重叠，上大下小，皮黄色肉白色。五月、八月采挖根部，用灰包裹两天，热水洗净后晒干。《蜀图经》说：五月采收的虚小，八月采收的才充实肥大。生长在平泽中的非常小，名叫羊眼半夏。由跋极像半夏，但苗不同。
某人说：白旁子真像半夏，只是咬起来微酸，不能入药。
【修治】陶弘景说：凡是用半夏，要用热水洗十多遍，直到滑腻感完全去除。不然的话，有毒性，会刺伤咽喉。方剂中有半夏必须用生姜的，是为了抑制其毒性。
雷敩说：炮制四两半夏，用白芥子末二两，浓醋六两，搅拌浑浊，将半夏投入其中，洗三遍后使用。如果洗不净黏液，会让人气逆，肝气郁怒胀满。
李时珍说：现在治疗用的半夏，只清洗皮垢，用热水浸泡七天，每天换水，晾干切片，用姜汁拌着焙干入药。或者研成粉末，用姜汁加入汤中浸泡澄清三天，滤去黏液水，晒干使用，称为半夏粉。或者研末后用姜汁调和做成饼状，晒干使用，称为半夏饼。或者研末后用姜汁、白矾水调和做成饼，用楮树叶包裹放在篮子里，等生出黄色的菌衣，晒干使用，称为半夏曲。白飞霞在《医通》中说：痰分部的病，半夏为主药，制成曲剂尤其好。治疗湿痰用姜汁、白矾水调和；治疗风痰用姜汁及皂荚煮汁调和；治疗火痰用姜汁、竹沥或荆沥调和；治疗寒痰，用姜汁、矾汤，加入白芥子末调和，这都是制作曲剂的妙法。
根
【气味】辛，平，有毒。
用热水洗尽滑腻感后使用。
张元素说：味辛、苦，性温，气味都很淡薄，沉降而降，属于阴中之阳。
李杲说：辛味浓烈苦味轻微，属于阳中之阴。进入足阳明、太阴、少阳三经。
徐之才说：射干是它的引经药。厌恶皂荚。畏惧雄黄、生姜、干姜、秦皮、龟甲。与乌头相反。
孟诜说：柴胡是它的引经药。忌食羊血、海藻、饴糖。
张元素说：热痰辅助以黄芩；风痰辅助以南星；寒痰辅助以干姜；痰痞，辅助以陈皮、白术。多用则会泻脾胃。各种出血证及口渴者禁用，因为它会燥伤津液。孕妇忌用，如果用生姜则无害。
【主治】伤寒引起的寒热往来，心下坚硬，胸胀咳嗽气逆，头晕目眩，咽喉肿痛，肠鸣，降气止汗（出自《神农本草经》）。消除心腹胸膈间的痰热满结，咳嗽气逆，心下急痛坚痞，时行疫病引起的呕吐逆气，消除痈肿，治疗痿黄，使面目光泽悦泽，堕胎（出自《名医别录》）。消除痰饮，降肺气，开胃健脾，止呕吐，去除胸中痰满。
生半夏：摩擦痈肿，消除瘤瘿气（甄权）。治疗吐食反胃，霍乱转筋，肠腹冷痛，痰疟（大明）。治疗寒痰，以及因受寒饮冷伤肺而咳嗽，消除胸中痞块，膈上痰，去除胸寒，调和胃气，燥脾湿，治疗痰厥头痛，消肿散结（张元素）。治疗眉棱骨痛（朱震亨）。补肝风虚（李杲），消除腹胀，眼睛无法闭合，白浊梦遗带下（李时珍）。
【发明】甄权说：半夏是使药。虚而有痰气的，适宜加用。
苏颂说：胃冷引起的呕吐呃逆，是方药中最紧要的。
成无己说：辛能发散，也能滋润。半夏的辛味，能发散逆气结气，消除烦闷呕吐，发出声音，运行水气，从而滋润肾燥。
李杲说：《内经》说：肾主五液，化为五湿。自入为唾，入肝为泣，入心为汗，入脾为痰，入肺为涕。有痰叫嗽，无痰叫咳。痰，是因为咳嗽而动摇了脾之湿。
半夏能泄痰之标，不能泄痰之本。泄本，就是泄肾。咳无形，痰有形；无形则润，有形则燥，所以起到流湿润燥的作用。世俗认为半夏是肺经药，不对。止呕吐归足阳明经，除痰归足太阴经。柴胡是它的使药，所以现在柴胡汤中使用它，虽然是为止呕，也帮助柴胡、黄芩主治往来寒热，这又涉及足少阳、阳明经了。
王好古说：现在的人只知道半夏去痰，不说它益脾，大概是因为它能分水的原因。脾恶湿，湿则濡困，困则不能治水。《内经》说：湿胜则泻。有一个男子夜里多次上厕所，有人教他用生姜一两，半夏、大枣各三十枚，水一升，瓷瓶中慢火煮成熟水，时时饮用，病就好了。
赵继宗说：丹溪说：二陈汤治疗全身的痰，世医执着于此，凡是有痰的都使用。二陈汤内有半夏，其性燥烈，如果是风痰、寒痰、湿痰、食痰则相宜；至于劳痰、失血诸痰，使用它反而能燥血液而加重病情，不可不知道。
戴元礼说：世俗因为半夏性燥有毒，多以贝母代替。贝母是太阴肺经的药，半夏是太阴脾经、阳明胃经的药，怎么能代替呢？凡是咳嗽吐痰，虚劳吐血，或痰中带血，各种郁证，咽痛喉痹，肺痈肺痿，痈疽，妇人乳难，这些都是贝母作为向导，半夏是禁用的药。如果是涎，是脾之液，美味膏粱炙爆，都能生脾胃湿热，所以涎化为痰，久了则痰火上攻，让人昏愦口噤，偏废僵仆，蹇涩不语，生死旦夕，如果不是半夏、南星，谁能治疗呢？如果用贝母代替，那就翘首等待死亡了。
李时珍说：脾没有留湿就不生痰，所以脾为生痰之源，肺为贮痰之器。半夏能主治痰饮及腹胀，是因为它体滑而味辛性温。涎滑能润，辛温能散也能润，所以行湿而通大便，利窍而泄小便。所谓辛走气，能化液，辛以润之，就是这个道理。洁古张氏说：半夏、南星治其痰，而咳嗽自愈。丹溪朱氏说：二陈汤能使大便润而小便长。聊摄成氏说：半夏辛而散，行水气而润肾燥。又《和剂局方》，用半硫丸治疗老人虚秘，都是取其滑润。世俗都认为南星、半夏性燥，这是错误的。湿去则土燥，痰涎不生，不是这两味药的性燥。古方治疗咽痛喉痹，吐血下血，多用这两味，并不是禁剂。这两味也能散血，所以破伤打扑都主治。只有阴虚劳损，就不是湿热之邪，而使用利窍行湿的药，这是再次竭尽津液，是医生的罪过，难道是药的过错吗？《甲乙经》用它治疗夜不眠，这果真是性燥的吗？岐伯说：卫气行于阳，阳气满，不得入于阴，阴气虚，所以眼睛无法闭合。治疗方法：喝半夏汤一剂，阴阳既通，躺下就能睡。方用流水千里者八升，扬之万遍，取清五升，煮之，用苇薪烧火，大沸，放入秫米一升，半夏五合，煮取一升半，饮汁一杯，一天三次，以见效为度。病新发的，盖杯就能睡，出汗就好了。久的，喝三次就好。
【附方】旧方十四，新方五十四。
法制半夏，清痰化饮，壮脾顺气：用大半夏，热水洗七次，焙干再洗，如此七次，用浓米泔水浸泡一天一夜。每两用白矾一两半，温水化开，浸泡五天。焙干，用铅白霜一钱，温水化开，又浸泡七天。用浆水慢火内煮沸，焙干收存。每次嚼一二粒，姜汤送服化下。（《御药院方》）
红半夏法，消风热，清痰涎，降气利咽：大半夏，热水浸焙制如上述方法。每一两加入龙脑五分，朱砂为衣染之。先铺一层灯草，约一指厚，排半夏在上面，再以灯草盖一指厚。用炒豆焙干，候干取出。每次嚼一两粒。
化痰镇心，祛风利膈：辰砂半夏丸：用半夏一斤（热水泡七次，研末筛过，用水浸三天，生绢滤去渣，澄清去水，晒干）一两，加入辰砂一钱，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每次姜汤送下七十丸。这是周王府的方子。（《袖珍方》）
化痰利气：三仙丸，方见虎掌下。
消痰开胃，去胸膈壅滞：《斗门方》：用半夏洗净，焙干为末，自然姜汁和作饼，湿纸裹煨香。用熟水二盏，同饼二钱，入盐五分，煎一盏，服用。大压痰毒，及治疗酒食伤，极验。《经验后方》：用半夏、天南星各二两。为末，水五升，入坛内浸一宿，去清水，焙干重研。每次服二钱，水二盏，姜三片，煎服。
中焦痰涎，利咽，清头目，进饮食：半夏（泡七次）四两，枯矾一两，为末，姜汁打糊，或煮枣肉，和丸梧子大。每次姜汤送下十五丸。寒痰加丁香五钱；热痰加寒水石四两。名为玉液丸。（《和剂局方》）
老人风痰：大腑热不识人，及肺热痰实，咽喉不利：半夏（泡七次，焙）、硝石各半两，为末，入白面一两捣匀，水和丸绿豆大。每次姜汤送下五十丸。（《普济方》）
膈壅风痰：半夏不计多少，酸浆浸一宿，温汤洗五、七遍，去恶气，日干为末，浆水搜作饼，日干再研为末。每五两，入生龙脑一钱，以浆水浓脚和丸鸡头子大。纱袋盛，通风处阴干。每次服一丸，好茶或薄荷汤嚼下。（《御药院方》）
搜风化痰，定志安神，利头目：辰砂化痰丸：用半夏曲三两，天南星（炮）一两，辰砂、枯矾各半两，为末，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每次服三十丸，食后姜汤送下。（《和剂局方》）
痰厥中风：省风汤：用半夏（汤泡）八两，甘草（炙）二两，防风四两。每次服半两，姜二十片，水二盏，煎服。（《奇效方》）
风痰头晕，呕逆目眩，面色青黄，脉弦者：水煮金花丸：用生半夏、生天南星、寒水石各一两，天麻半两，雄黄二钱，小麦面三两，为末，水和成饼，水煮浮起，漉出，捣丸梧子大。每次服五十丸，姜汤送下，极效。也治疗风痰咳嗽，二便不通，风痰头痛。（洁古《活法机要》方）
风痰湿痰：青壶丸：半夏一斤，天南星半两，各汤泡，晒干为末，姜汁和作饼，焙干，入神曲半两，白术（末）四两，枳实（末）二两，姜汁面糊丸梧子大。每次服五十丸，姜汤送下。（叶氏方）
风痰喘逆，兀兀欲吐，眩晕欲倒：半夏一两，雄黄三钱，为末，姜汁浸，蒸饼丸梧子大。每次服三十丸，姜汤送下。已吐者加槟榔。（《活法机要》）
风痰喘急：千缗汤：用半夏（汤洗）七个，甘草（炙）、皂荚（炒）各一寸，姜二片，水一盏，煎七分，温服。（《苏沈良方》）
上焦热痰咳嗽：制过半夏一两，片黄芩（末）二钱，姜汁打糊丸绿豆大。每次服七十丸，淡姜汤食后服。这是周宪王亲制方。（《袖珍方》）
肺热痰嗽：制半夏、栝蒌仁各一两，为末，姜汁打糊丸梧子大。每次服二、三十丸，白汤送下。或以栝蒌瓤煮熟丸。（《济生方》）
热痰咳嗽，烦热面赤，口燥心痛，脉洪数者：小黄丸：用半夏、天南星各一两，黄芩一两半，为末，姜汁浸蒸饼丸梧子大。每次服五、七十丸，食后姜汤送下。（洁古《活法机要》）
小儿痰热，咳嗽惊悸：半夏、南星等分。为末，牛胆汁和，入胆内，悬风处待干，蒸饼丸绿豆大。每次姜汤送下三、五丸。（《摘玄方》）
湿痰咳嗽，面黄体重，嗜卧惊，兼食不消，脉缓者：白术丸：用半夏、南星各一两，白术一两半，为末，薄糊丸梧子大。每次服五、七十丸，姜汤送下。（《活法机要》）
气痰咳嗽，面白气促，洒淅恶寒，愁忧不乐，脉涩者：玉粉丸：用半夏、南星各一两，官桂...
小结胸痛，正在心下，按之则痛，脉浮滑者，小陷胸汤主之：半夏半升，黄连一两，栝蒌实（大者）一个，水六升，先煮栝蒌取三升，去滓，内二味，煮取二升，分三服。（仲景《伤寒论》）
湿痰心痛，喘急者：半夏油炒为末，粥糊丸绿豆大。每次服二十丸，姜汤送下。（《丹溪心法》）
急伤寒病：半夏四钱，生姜七片，酒一盏，煎服。（胡洽居士《百病方》）
结痰不出，语音不清，年久者亦宜：玉粉丸：半夏半两，桂心一字，草乌头半字，为末，姜...
停痰冷冻饮料呕逆：橘皮半夏汤：用半夏（水煮熟）、陈橘皮各一两。每次服四钱，生姜七片，水二...
停痰留饮，胸膈满闷，气短恶心，饮食不下，或吐痰水：茯苓半夏汤：用半夏（泡）五两，茯苓三两。每次服四钱，姜七片，水一钟半，煎七分，去滓空心服，甚捷径。（《和剂局方》）
支饮作呕，呕家本渴，不渴者，心下有支饮也，或似喘不喘，似呕不呕，似哕不哕，心下愦愦，并宜小半夏汤：用半夏（泡七次）一升，生姜半斤，水七升，煮一升五合，分服。（张仲景《金匮要略》）
哕逆欲死：半夏生姜汤主之，即上方也。
痘疮哕气：方同上。
呕哕眩悸，谷不得下：小半夏加茯苓汤：半夏一升，生姜半斤，茯苓三两，切，以水七升，煎一升半，分温服之。（《金匮要略》）
目不得眠：见发明下。
心下悸忪：半夏麻黄丸：半夏、麻黄等分，为末，蜜丸小豆大。每次服三十丸，日三。（《金匮要略》）
伤寒干呕：半夏熟洗，研末。生姜汤服一钱匕。（《深师方》）呕逆厥逆，内有寒痰：半夏一升（洗滑焙研），小麦面一升，水和作弹丸，水煮熟。初吞四、五枚，日三服。稍增至十五枚，旋煮旋吞。觉病减，再作。忌羊肉、饧糖。此乃许仁则方也。（《外台秘要》）
呕吐反胃：大半夏汤：半夏三升，人参三两，白蜜一升，水一斗二升和，扬之一百二十遍。煮取三升半，温服一升，日再服。亦治膈间支饮。（《金匮要略》）
胃寒哕逆，停痰留饮：藿香半夏汤：用半夏（汤泡，炒黄）二两，藿香叶一两，丁香皮半两。每次服四钱，水一盏，姜七片，煎服。（《和剂局方》）
小儿吐泻，脾胃虚寒：齐州半夏（泡七次）、陈粟米各一钱半，姜十片。水盏半，煎八分，温服。（钱乙《小儿药证直诀》）
小儿痰吐，或风壅所致，或咳嗽发热，饮食即呕：半夏（泡七次）半两，丁香一钱。以...
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**[Names]** Shoutian (from *Mingyi Bielu*), Shuiyu (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Li Shizhen stated: The *Book of Rites · Monthly Ordinances* records: "Banxia grows in May." It is named so because it grows in the middle of summer. "Shoutian" conveys meaning, while "Shuiyu" refers to its shape.
**[Collection and Explanation]** *Mingyi Bielu* states: Banxia grows in the river valleys of Huaili. The roots are harvested in May and August and dried in the sun.
Lei Xiao stated: It grows on low hills or in the wild, sprouting in February. The leaves grow in threes opposite each other. The flowers are white and round at the top.
Tao Hongjing stated: Huaili belongs to Fufeng Commandery. Currently, the best quality comes from Qingzhou, though it is also found in Wu. Those with white flesh are preferred and do not spoil with age.
Su Gong stated: It is found everywhere. Those growing in plains and marshes are called Yangyan Banxia (Sheep-Eye Pinellia), with round and white ones being superior. However, those from Jiangnan are large, up to one cun in diameter, and highly valued by southerners. Recently, they have been used interchangeably, but their efficacy and morphology differ significantly. Its shoots resemble Youba (a plant), leading to confusion with Banxia.
Su Song stated: It is ubiquitous, with those from Qizhou being the best. In February, a single stem emerges with three leaves at the tip, light green and resembling bamboo leaves, whereas those from Jiangnan resemble Peony leaves. The roots overlap below, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with yellow skin and white flesh. Roots are harvested in May and August, wrapped in ash for two days, washed with hot water, and dried. The *Shu Tu Jing* states: Roots harvested in May are hollow and small; those harvested in August are solid and large. Those growing in flat marshes are very small and called Yangyan Banxia. Youba closely resembles Banxia but has different shoots.
An unnamed author stated: Baibangzi looks very much like Banxia but tastes slightly sour when chewed and is not suitable for medicinal use.
**[Processing]** Tao Hongjing stated: When using Banxia, wash it with hot water more than ten times until the slippery sensation is completely removed. Otherwise, it is toxic and will pierce the throat. In prescriptions containing Banxia, Ginger must be used to neutralize its toxicity.
Lei Xiao stated: To process four liang of Banxia, use two liang of White Mustard Seed powder and six liang of strong vinegar. Stir until turbid, immerse the Banxia, wash three times, and then use. If the slime is not fully washed off, it causes qi rebellion and liver qi stagnation with fullness.
Li Shizhen stated: Currently processed Banxia is only washed to remove dirt, soaked in hot water for seven days with daily water changes, dried, sliced, mixed with Ginger juice, and roasted for use. Alternatively, it can be ground into powder, soaked in Ginger juice soup for three days to clarify, the slime water drained, and dried for use, known as Banxia Powder. Or, ground powder is mixed with Ginger juice to form cakes, dried for use, known as Banxia Cakes. Or, ground powder is mixed with Ginger juice and Alum solution to form cakes, wrapped in Broussonetia papyrifera leaves, placed in a basket until a yellow mold grows, then dried for use, known as Banxia Qu. Bai Feixia in *Yitong* stated: For diseases of the phlegm division, Banxia is the main herb; making it into Qu is especially good. For damp-phlegm, mix with Ginger juice and Alum solution; for wind-phlegm, mix with Ginger juice and Soap Pod decoction; for fire-phlegm, mix with Ginger juice, Bamboo Sap, or Jujube Sap; for cold-phlegm, mix with Ginger juice, Alum solution, and White Mustard Seed powder. These are all excellent methods for making Qu.
**Root**
**[Flavor and Nature]** Pungent, neutral, toxic.
Wash thoroughly with hot water to remove slipperiness before use.
Zhang Yuansu stated: Flavor pungent and bitter, nature warm. The flavor and nature are both thin; it sinks and descends, representing yang within yin.
Li Gao stated: Pungent is strong, bitter is light; it represents yin within yang. It enters the Foot-Yangming, Foot-Taiyin, and Foot-Shaoyang meridians.
Xu Zhicai stated: Shegan is its guiding herb. It dislikes Soap Pods. It fears Realgar, Ginger, Dried Ginger, Qinpi, and Tortoise Shell. It is incompatible with Aconite.
Meng Shen stated: Chaihu is its guiding herb. It is contraindicated with Sheep Blood, Sargassum, and Malt Sugar.
Zhang Yuansu stated: For heat-phlegm, assist with Huangqin; for wind-phlegm, assist with Nanxing; for cold-phlegm, assist with Ganjiang; for phlegm obstruction, assist with Chenpi and Baizhu. Excessive use damages the Spleen and Stomach. It is contraindicated in all bleeding syndromes and cases of thirst because it dries body fluids. Pregnant women should avoid it; however, if used with Ginger, there is no harm.
**[Indications]** Treats chills and fever from Cold Damage, hardness under the heart, chest distension with cough and rebellious qi, vertigo, sore throat, borborygmus, directs qi downward, and stops sweating (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Eliminates phlegm-heat accumulation in the heart, abdomen, and chest/phrenis; treats cough with rebellious qi, acute pain and hardness under the heart; treats epidemic vomiting and rebellious qi; eliminates carbuncles; treats wasting-thirst/yellowing; enhances facial luster; induces abortion (*Mingyi Bielu*). Eliminates phlegm, directs Lung qi downward, opens the stomach, strengthens the Spleen, stops vomiting, and removes fullness of phlegm in the chest.
Raw Banxia: Rub on carbuncles to eliminate tumors and goiter (Zhen Quan). Treats vomiting food and reverse flow, cholera with cramps, cold intestines/abdomen, and phlegm-malaria (Da Ming). Treats cold-phlegm, and cough due to lung injury from cold exposure and cold drinks; eliminates chest痞 (obstruction), upper diaphragm phlegm, removes chest cold, harmonizes Stomach qi, dries Spleen dampness, treats phlegm-jue headache, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules (Zhang Yuansu). Treats pain in the supraorbital ridge (Zhu Zhenheng). Supplements Liver wind-deficiency (Li Gao), eliminates abdominal distension, inability to close eyes, white turbidity, nocturnal emission, and leukorrhea (Li Shizhen).
**[Elucidation]** Zhen Quan stated: Banxia acts as an envoy. It is suitable for deficiency with phlegm-qi.
Su Song stated: It is the most important herb for cold-Stomach vomiting and hiccups.
Cheng Wuji stated: Pungent disperses and moistens. The pungency of Banxia disperses rebellious and knotted qi, eliminates vexation and vomiting, enables voice production, moves water qi, and moistens Kidney dryness.
Li Gao stated: The *Classic* says: The Kidney governs the five fluids, transforming them into five dampnesses. Entering itself becomes saliva, entering the Liver becomes tears, entering the Heart becomes sweat, entering the Spleen becomes phlegm, entering the Lung becomes nasal discharge. Cough with phlegm is called Sou; cough without phlegm is called Ke. Phlegm arises from the movement of Spleen dampness due to coughing.
Banxia can drain the branch of phlegm but not the root. Draining the root means draining the Kidney. Cough is formless; phlegm is formed. Formless implies moisture; formed implies dryness. Thus, it flows and moistens dryness. The common view that Banxia is a Lung meridian herb is incorrect. Directing vomiting belongs to the Foot-Yangming; eliminating phlegm belongs to the Foot-Taiyin. Chaihu is its envoy, hence it is used in Chaihu Decoctions. Although used to stop vomiting, it also assists Chaihu and Huangqin in treating alternating chills and fever, thus involving the Foot-Shaoyang and Yangming meridians.
Wang Haogu stated: People today only know Banxia eliminates phlegm and do not mention it benefits the Spleen, likely because it can separate fluids. The Spleen detests dampness; dampness causes soaking and distress, preventing water metabolism. The *Classic* says: Excess dampness leads to diarrhea. A man suffered frequent nocturia. Someone advised him to boil one liang of Ginger, thirty pieces of Banxia, and thirty dates in one sheng of water in a porcelain jar over slow fire, drinking it occasionally, which cured him.
Zhao Jizong stated: Danxi said: Erchen Tang treats phlegm throughout the body. Physicians cling to this, using it for all phlegm cases. Since Erchen Tang contains Banxia, whose nature is drying and fierce, it is suitable for wind-phlegm, cold-phlegm, damp-phlegm, and food-phlegm. However, for labor-phlegm and various phlegms from blood loss, using it can dry blood and worsen the condition; this must be known.
Dai Yuanli stated: Common people replace Banxia with Beimu because they consider Banxia drying and toxic. Beimu is a Lung-Taiyin herb, while Banxia is a Spleen-Taiyin and Stomach-Yangming herb. How can they be substituted? For cough with sputum, consumptive hemoptysis, blood in phlegm, various stagnations, sore throat, bi-syndrome, lung abscess, lung萎 (withering), carbuncles, and difficult lactation in women, Beimu serves as a guide, while Banxia is contraindicated. Saliva is the fluid of the Spleen. Rich foods and fried items generate damp-heat in the Spleen and Stomach, turning saliva into phlegm. Over time, phlegm-fire attacks upward, causing coma, locked jaw, hemiplegia, stiffness, speech difficulty, and imminent death. Only Banxia and Nanxing can treat this. Using Beimu instead would be waiting for death.
Li Shizhen stated: The Spleen does not generate phlegm without retained dampness; thus, the Spleen is the source of phlegm generation, and the Lung is the vessel storing phlegm. Banxia treats phlegm-fluids and abdominal distension because its substance is slippery, flavor pungent, and nature warm. Slippery saliva moistens; pungent-warm disperses and moistens. Thus, it moves dampness to unblock bowels and opens orifices to promote urination. As stated, pungent moves qi and transforms fluids; pungent moistens. Jiegu Zhangshi said: Banxia and Nanxing treat phlegm, and cough heals spontaneously. Danxi Zhushi said: Erchen Tang moistens the bowels and increases urine output. Liaoshe Chengshi said: Banxia is pungent and dispersing, moving water qi and moistening Kidney dryness. Also, *Heji Jufang* uses Banshu Wan for elderly constipation due to deficiency, utilizing their slippery nature. The common belief that Nanxing and Banxia are drying is wrong. When dampness is removed, earth becomes dry, and phlegm-saliva ceases to generate; this is not due to the drying nature of these herbs. Ancient formulas often used them for sore throat, bi-syndrome, hematemesis, and hematochezia; they are not contraindicated. They can also dissipate blood, hence they treat traumatic injuries. Only in yin-deficiency and consumptive damage, where there is no damp-heat pathogen, using orifice-opening and damp-moving drugs re-exhausts fluids; this is the physician's fault, not the drug's. *Jiayi Jing* uses it for insomnia; is it truly drying? Qibo said: Wei-Qi travels in Yang. When Yang qi is full and cannot enter Yin, and Yin qi is deficient, the eyes cannot close. Treatment: Drink one dose of Banxia Tang. Once Yin and Yang connect, sleep follows immediately. The formula uses eight sheng of flowing water from a thousand li, stirred ten thousand times, taking five sheng of clear water, boiling with reed fire, adding one sheng of Sorghum and five he of Banxia, cooking to one and a half sheng. Drink one cup, three times a day, until effective. For new onset, sleep follows immediately after covering the cup; sweating cures it. For chronic cases, three doses suffice.
**[Attached Prescriptions]** Fourteen old, fifty-four new.
Legal Process Banxia, clears phlegm and transforms fluids, strengthens Spleen and smooths qi: Use large Banxia, wash seven times with hot water, roast dry, wash again, repeating seven times. Soak in thick rice washing water for one day and night. For every one liang, add one and a half liang of Alum dissolved in warm water, soak for five days. Roast dry, add one qian of Lead White Frost dissolved in warm water, soak for seven days. Boil in grain water over slow fire, roast dry, and store. Chew one or two pills, swallow with Ginger tea. (*Yuyuan Fang*)
Red Banxia Method, disperses wind-heat, clears phlegm-saliva, directs qi downward and benefits throat: Large Banxia, soak in hot water, roast, and process as above. Add five fen of Borneol per one liang, coat with Cinnabar. Lay a layer of rush grass about one finger thick, place Banxia on top, cover with another finger-thick layer of rush grass. Roast with fried beans until dry. Chew one or two pills.
Transform phlegm, calm heart, dispel wind, benefit diaphragm: ChenSha Banxia Pills: Use one jin of Banxia (soaked in hot water seven times, ground, sifted, soaked in water for three days, filtered through raw silk, clarified, water drained, dried) one liang, add one qian of ChenSha, make pills with Ginger juice paste size of Wuzi. Take seventy pills with Ginger tea. This is a Zhou Prince's prescription. (*Xiu zhen Fang*)
Transform phlegm and benefit qi: Sanxian Pills, see under Huzhang.
Eliminate phlegm, open stomach, remove chest/phrenis congestion: *Doumen Fang*: Wash Banxia, roast dry, grind to powder, mix with natural Ginger juice to form cakes, wrap in wet paper and bake until fragrant. Take two qian of cake with two cups of cooked water, add five fen of salt, decoct to one cup, and take. Highly effective for suppressing severe phlegm toxins and treating alcohol/food injury. *Jingyan Houfang*: Use two liang each of Banxia and Nanxing. Grind to powder, soak in five sheng of water in a jar overnight, discard clear water, roast dry, and regrind. Take two qian with two cups of water and three slices of Ginger, decoct and take.
Middle jiao phlegm-saliva, benefit throat, clear head/eyes, promote appetite: Banxia (soaked seven times) four liang, Gufan one liang, grind to powder, make pills with Ginger juice paste or boiled date pulp size of Wuzi. Take fifteen pills with Ginger tea. For cold-phlegm add five qian of Dingxiang; for heat-phlegm add four liang of Hanshui Shi. Named Yuye Wan. (*Heji Jufang*)
Elderly wind-phlegm: Intestinal heat with confusion, Lung heat with solid phlegm, throat discomfort: Banxia (soaked seven times, roasted) and Xiaoshi each banliang, grind to powder, mix with one liang of white flour, form pills with water size of mung bean. Take fifty pills with Ginger tea. (*Pujifang*)
Diaphragm obstruction wind-phlegm: Banxia any amount, soak in sour bean water overnight, wash five to seven times with warm water to remove bad odor, dry in sun, grind to powder. Knead into cakes with strong grain water, dry in sun, regrind. For every five liang, add one qian of raw Borneol, knead into pills size of corn kernel with strong grain water residue. Store in gauze bag, dry in shade in ventilated area. Take one pill, chew with good tea or Mint tea. (*Yuyuan Fang*)
Search wind, transform phlegm, stabilize mind, calm spirit, benefit head/eyes: ChenSha Huatan Pills: Use three liang of Banxia Qu, one liang of Nanxing (roasted), half liang each of ChenSha and Gufan, grind to powder, make pills with Ginger juice paste size of Wuzi. Take thirty pills, swallow with Ginger tea after meals. (*Heji Jufang*)
Phlegm-jue stroke: Xifeng Tang: Use eight liang of Banxia (soaked in hot water), two liang of Licorice (roasted), four liang of Fangfeng. Take half liang with twenty slices of Ginger and two cups of water, decoct and take. (*Qixiao Fang*)
Wind-phlegm dizziness, vomiting/rebellious qi, vertigo, blue-yellow complexion, wiry pulse: Shuizhu Jinhua Pills: Use one liang each of Raw Banxia, Raw Nanxing, and Hanshui Shi, half liang of Tianma, two qian of Xionghuang, three liang of wheat flour. Grind to powder, form cakes with water, boil until floating, strain, pound into pills size of Wuzi. Take fifty pills with Ginger tea, extremely effective. Also treats wind-phlegm cough, urinary/fecal obstruction, wind-phlegm headache. (Jiegu *Huofa Jiyao*)
Wind-phlegm damp-phlegm: Qinghu Pills: One jin of Banxia, half liang of Nanxing, soak in hot water, dry, grind to powder. Mix with Ginger juice to form cakes, roast dry. Add half liang of Shenqu, four liang of Baizhu (powder), two liang of Zhishi (powder). Make pills with Ginger-flour paste size of Wuzi. Take fifty pills with Ginger tea. (Ye's Formula)
Wind-phlegm wheezing/rebellious qi, nausea, dizziness about to fall: One liang of Banxia, three qian of Xionghuang, grind to powder, soak in Ginger juice, make pills with steamed dough size of Wuzi. Take thirty pills with Ginger tea. Add Binglang if already vomited. (*Huofa Jiyao*)
Wind-phlegm acute wheezing: Qianmin Tang: Use seven Banxia (washed in hot water), one cun each of Licorice (roasted) and Soap Pod (stir-fried), two slices of Ginger. One cup of water, decoct to seven tenths, take warm. (*Sushen Liangfang*)
Upper jiao heat-phlegm cough: Processed Banxia one liang, Huangqin slices (powder) two qian, make pills with Ginger juice paste size of mung bean. Take seventy pills with weak Ginger tea after meals. This is a formula personally prepared by Prince Zhou Xian. (*Xiuzhen Fang*)
Lung heat phlegm-cough: Processed Banxia and Gualou Ren each one liang, grind to powder, make pills with Ginger juice paste size of Wuzi. Take twenty to thirty pills with plain water. Or cook Gualou pulp and make pills. (*Jisheng Fang*)
Heat-phlegm cough, vexing heat, red face, dry mouth, heart pain, surging-rapid pulse: Xiaohuang Pills: Use one liang each of Banxia and Nanxing, one and a half liang of Huangqin. Grind to powder, soak in Ginger juice, make pills with steamed dough size of Wuzi. Take fifty to seventy pills, swallow with Ginger tea after meals. (Jiegu *Huofa Jiyao*)
Pediatric phlegm-heat, cough with fright/palpitations: Equal parts Banxia and Nanxing. Grind to powder, mix with ox bile, place inside gallbladder, hang in windy place to dry, make pills with steamed dough size of mung bean. Take three to five pills with Ginger tea. (*Zhaixuan Fang*)
Damp-phlegm cough, yellow face, heavy body, lethargy/fright, indigestion, slow pulse: Baizhu Pills: Use one liang each of Banxia and Nanxing, one and a half liang of Baizhu. Grind to powder, make pills with thin paste size of Wuzi. Take fifty to seventy pills with Ginger tea. (*Huofa Jiyao*)
Qi-phlegm cough, pale face, shortness of breath, aversion to cold, sorrow/unhappiness, choppy pulse: Yufen Pills: Use one liang each of Banxia and Nanxing, Guan Gui...
Minor knot chest pain, located exactly under the heart, painful upon pressure, floating-slippery pulse, Xiaoxianxiong Tang is indicated: Half sheng of Banxia, one liang of Huanglian, one large Gualou fruit. Six sheng of water, first decoct Gualou to obtain three sheng, strain, add the other two ingredients, decoct to obtain two sheng, divide into three doses. (Zhongjing *Shanghan Lun*)
Damp-phlegm heart pain, acute wheezing: Stir-fry Banxia in oil, grind to powder, make pills with porridge paste size of mung bean. Take twenty pills with Ginger tea. (*Danxi Xinfa*)
Acute Cold Damage disease: Four qian of Banxia, seven slices of Ginger, one cup of wine, decoct and take. (Huqia Jushi *Baibing Fang*)
Knotted phlegm not expectorated, unclear voice, even for long-standing cases: Yufen Pills: Half liang of Banxia, one zi of Guixin, half zi of Caowutou. Grind to powder, mix with Ginger...
Retained phlegm from frozen/cold drinks causing vomiting/rebellious qi: Jupi Banxia Tang: Use one liang each of Banxia (boiled in water until cooked) and aged Tangerine Peel. Take four qian with seven slices of Ginger and two [cups] of water...
Retained phlegm and lingering fluids, chest/diaphragm fullness/stuffiness, shortness of breath, nausea, inability to eat, or vomiting phlegm-water: Fuling Banxia Tang: Use five liang of Banxia (soaked) and three liang of Fuling. Take four qian with seven slices of Ginger and one and a half zhong of water, decoct to seven tenths, strain, take on empty stomach, very convenient. (*Heji Jufang*)
Branch-fluid causing vomiting: Vomiting patients usually feel thirsty; if not thirsty, there is branch-fluid under the heart. Or seeming to pant but not panting, seeming to vomit but not vomiting, seeming to hiccup but not hiccuping, mental confusion under the heart. All should use Xiaobanxia Tang: Use one sheng of Banxia (soaked seven times) and half jin of Ginger. Seven sheng of water, decoct to one sheng and five he, divide and take. (Zhang Zhongjing *Jingui Yaolue*)
Severe hiccups: Xiaobanxia Shengjiang Tang is indicated, which is the above formula.
Chickenpox hiccups: Same formula as above.
Vomiting/hiccups with vertigo/palpitations, inability to swallow grain: Xiaobanxia Jia Fuling Tang: One sheng of Banxia, half jin of Ginger, three liang of Fuling, cut. Seven sheng of water, decoct to one and a half sheng, divide and take warm. (*Jingui Yaolue*)
Inability to sleep: See Elucidation below.
Palpitations under the heart: Banxia Mahuang Pills: Equal parts Banxia and Mahuang, grind to powder, make pills with honey size of adzuki bean. Take thirty pills, three times a day. (*Jingui Yaolue*)
Cold Damage dry vomiting: Cook Banxia thoroughly, wash, grind to powder. Take one qianbi with Ginger tea. (*Shenshi Fang*) Vomiting/rebellious qi with cold limbs, internal cold-phlegm: One sheng of Banxia (washed, smoothed, roasted, ground), one sheng of wheat flour. Mix with water to form pellet-sized pills, boil in water. Swallow four or five initially, three times a day. Gradually increase to fifteen pills, cook and swallow as needed. If symptoms decrease, prepare again. Avoid mutton and malt sugar. This is Xu Renze's formula. (*Waitai Miyao*)
Vomiting and reverse flow: Dabanxia Tang: Three sheng of Banxia, three liang of Renshen, one sheng of white honey. Mix with twelve sheng of water, stir one hundred twenty times. Decoct to obtain three and a half sheng. Take one sheng warm, twice a day. Also treats branch-fluid between diaphragm. (*Jingui Yaolue*)
Stomach cold hiccups/rebellious qi, retained phlegm and lingering fluids: Huoxiang Banxia Tang: Use two liang of Banxia (soaked in hot water, stir-fried yellow), one liang of Huoxiang leaves, half liang of Dingxiang peel. Take four qian with one cup of water and seven slices of Ginger, decoct and take. (*Heji Jufang*)
Pediatric vomiting/diarrhea, Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold: Qizhou Banxia (soaked seven times) and aged millet each one and a half qian, ten slices of Ginger. One and a half cups of water, decoct to eight tenths, take warm. (Qian Yi *Xiao'er Yaozheng Zhijue*)
Pediatric phlegm-vomiting, caused by wind obstruction, or cough with fever, vomiting after eating: Half liang of Banxia (soaked seven times), one qian of Dingxiang. With...