（《本经》中品）
【校正】并入《嘉 》地笋。
【释名】水香（《吴普》）、都梁香（弘景）、虎兰（《本经》）、虎蒲（《别录》）、龙枣（《本
经》）、孩儿菊（《纲目》）、风药（《纲目》），根名地笋（《嘉 》）。弘景曰∶生于泽旁，
故名泽兰，亦名都梁香。时珍曰∶此草亦可为香泽，不独指其生泽旁也。齐安人呼为风药，
《吴普本草》一名水香，陶氏云亦名都梁，今俗通呼为孩儿菊，则其与兰草为一物二种，尤
可证矣。其根可食，故曰地笋。
【集解】《别录》曰∶泽兰生汝南诸大泽旁，三月三日采，阴干。普曰∶生下地水旁，
叶如兰，二月生苗，赤节，四叶相值枝节间。弘景曰∶今处处有之。多生下湿地。叶微香，
可煎油及作浴汤。人家多种之，而叶小异。今山中又有一种甚相似，茎方，叶小强，不甚香。
既云泽兰，则山中者为非，而药家乃采用之。恭曰∶泽兰茎方节紫，叶似兰草而不甚香，今
京下用者是也。陶说乃是兰草，茎圆紫萼白花，殊非泽兰也。颂曰∶今荆、徐、随、寿、蜀
、梧州、河中府皆有之。根紫黑色，如粟根。二月生苗，高二三尺。茎干青紫色，作四棱。
叶生相对，如薄荷，微香。七月开花，带紫白色，萼通紫色，亦似薄荷花。三月采苗阴干。
荆湖岭南人家多种之。寿州出者无花子。此与兰草大抵相类。但兰草生水旁，叶光润，阴小
紫，五、六月盛；而泽兰生水泽中及下湿地，叶尖，微有毛，不光润，方茎紫节，七月八
月初采微辛，此为异尔。 曰∶凡使须别雌雄。大泽兰茎叶皆圆，根青黄，能生血调气
；与荣合小泽兰迥别，叶上斑，根头尖，能破血，通久积。
宗 曰∶泽兰出土，便分枝梗，叶皆如菊，但尖长尔。吴普言叶似兰，误矣。今兰叶如
麦门冬，殊不相似。
时珍曰∶吴普所说，乃真泽兰也。雷 所说，大泽兰即兰草也；小泽兰即此泽兰也。寇
宗所说泽兰则是，而破吴普之说则非，盖由误认兰花为兰草也。详见兰草正误下。
叶
【修治】 曰∶凡用大、小泽兰，细锉，以绢袋盛，悬于屋南畔角上，令干用。
【气味】苦，微温，无毒。《别录》曰∶甘。普曰∶神农、黄帝、岐伯、桐君∶酸，无
毒。李当之∶小温。权曰∶苦、辛。
之才曰∶防己为之使。
【主治】乳妇内衄，中风余疾，大腹水肿，身面四肢浮肿，骨节中水，金疮，痈肿疮脓
（《本经》）。产后金疮内塞（《别录》）。产后腹痛，频产血气衰冷，成劳瘦羸，妇人血沥腰
痛（甄权）。产前产后百病，通九窍，利关节，养血气，破宿血，消症瘕，通小肠，长肌肉，
消扑损瘀血，治鼻血吐血，头风目痛，妇人劳瘦，丈夫面黄（大明）。
【发明】颂曰∶泽兰，妇人方中最为急用。古人治妇人泽兰丸甚多。
时珍曰∶兰草、泽兰气香而温，味辛而散，阴中之阳，足太阴、厥阴经药也。脾喜芳香，
肝宜辛散。脾气舒，则三焦通利而正气和；肝郁散，则营卫流行而病邪解。兰草走气道，故
能利水道，除痰癖，杀蛊辟恶，而为消渴良药；泽兰走血分，故能治水肿，涂痈毒，破瘀血，
消症瘕，而为妇人要药。虽是一类而功用稍殊，正如赤、白茯苓、芍药，补泻皆不同也。雷
言∶雌者调气生血，雄者破血通积，正合二兰主治。大泽兰之为兰草，尤可凭据。血生于
气，故曰调气生血也。又荀子云∶泽芷以养鼻，谓泽兰、白芷之气，芳香通乎肺也。
【附方】旧一，新四。产后水肿，血虚浮肿。泽兰、防己等分，为末。每服二钱，醋汤
下。（张文仲《备急方》）
疮肿初起∶泽兰，捣封之，良。（《集简方》）
损伤瘀肿∶方同上。
产后阴翻∶产后阴户燥热，遂成翻花。泽兰四两，煎汤熏洗二、三次，再入枯矾煎洗之，
即安。（《集简方》）
地笋
（宋《嘉 》）
【气味】甘、辛，温，无毒。
【主治】利九窍，通血脉，排脓治血（藏器）。止鼻洪吐血，产后心腹痛。产妇可作蔬
菜食，佳（大明）。
子
【主治】妇人三十六疾（《千金方》承泽丸中用之）。
（收录于《神农本草经》中品）
【校正】将本品并入《嘉祐本草》中的“地笋”。
【释名】水香（出自《吴普本草》）、都梁香（陶弘景命名）、虎兰（《神农本草经》）、虎蒲（《名医别录》）、龙枣（《神农本草经》）、孩儿菊（《本草纲目》）、风药（《本草纲目》），其根名为地笋（《嘉祐本草》）。陶弘景说：生长在水泽旁边，所以叫泽兰，也叫都梁香。李时珍说：这种草也可以用来制作香泽，不仅仅因为它生长在水泽旁边。齐安人称呼它为风药，《吴普本草》称它一名为水香，陶氏说它也名叫都梁，现在民间普遍称呼它为孩儿菊，这就证明它与兰草是同一种植物的两个品种，更加可以证实了。它的根可以吃，所以叫地笋。
【集解】《名医别录》说：泽兰生长在汝南各大水泽旁边，三月三日采集，阴干。吴普说：生长在下湿地和水边，叶子像兰草，二月生苗，茎节红色，四片叶子相对生在枝条节间。陶弘景说：现在到处都有。多生长在下湿地。叶子有微香，可以煎油及作为沐浴汤使用。人家多种植它，但叶子较小且略有不同。现在山中又有一种非常相似的，茎是方形的，叶子小且硬，不太香。既然叫泽兰，那么山中的那种就不是真正的泽兰，但制药的人却采用它。苏恭说：泽兰茎方形，节呈紫色，叶子像兰草但不太香，现在京城下方使用的是这种。陶弘景所说的乃是兰草，茎圆，花萼紫，花白色，与泽兰完全不同。苏颂说：现在荆、徐、随、寿、蜀、梧州、河中府都有出产。根紫黑色，像粟米的根。二月生苗，高二三尺。茎干青紫色，呈四棱形。叶子对生，像薄荷，有微香。七月开花，带紫白色，花萼通体紫色，也像薄荷花。三月采集苗叶阴干。荆湖岭南地区的人家多种植它。寿州出产的没有花和种子。这与兰草大体相似。但兰草生长在水边，叶子光亮润泽，颜色偏小紫，五、六月茂盛；而泽兰生长在水泽中及下湿地，叶子尖，微有毛，不光润，茎方，节紫，七月八月初采，味微辛，这是它们的不同之处。雷敩说：凡使用必须区分雌雄。大泽兰茎叶皆圆，根青黄色，能生血调气；与小泽兰截然不同，小泽兰叶上有斑纹，根头尖，能破血，通久积之瘀。
寇宗奭说：泽兰出土后，就分枝梗，叶子都像菊花，只是尖长罢了。吴普说叶子像兰草，是错误的。现在的兰叶像麦门冬，完全不相似。
李时珍说：吴普所说的，才是真泽兰。雷敩所说的大泽兰就是兰草；小泽兰就是此泽兰。寇宗奭所说的泽兰是对的，但他破除吴普的说法则是错的，大概是因为误认兰花为兰草。详见兰草正误篇下。
【修治】雷敩说：凡使用大、小泽兰，细锉碎，用绢袋盛装，悬挂在房屋南边的角落上，令其干燥后使用。
【气味】苦，微温，无毒。《名医别录》说：甘。吴普说：神农、黄帝、岐伯、桐君认为：酸，无毒。李当之认为：小温。孟诜说：苦、辛。
丁谓说：防己为之使药。
【主治】乳妇内衄，中风余疾，大腹水肿，身面四肢浮肿，骨节中水，金疮，痈肿疮脓（《神农本草经》）。产后金疮内塞（《名医别录》）。产后腹痛，频产血气衰冷，成劳瘦羸，妇人血沥腰痛（甄权）。产前产后百病，通九窍，利关节，养血气，破宿血，消症瘕，通小肠，长肌肉，消扑损瘀血，治鼻血吐血，头风目痛，妇人劳瘦，丈夫面黄（李大明）。
【发明】苏颂说：泽兰，在妇人方剂中最为急用。古人治疗妇人的泽兰丸很多。
李时珍说：兰草、泽兰气香而温，味辛而散，属于阴中之阳，是足太阴脾经、足厥阴肝经的药。脾喜欢芳香，肝宜辛散。脾气舒展，则三焦通利而正气调和；肝郁散开，则营卫流行而病邪解除。兰草走气道，所以能利水道，除痰癖，杀蛊辟恶，是治疗消渴病的良药；泽兰走血分，所以能治水肿，涂痈毒，破瘀血，消症瘕，是治疗妇科疾病的要药。虽然是一类但功用稍有不同，正如赤茯苓、白茯苓、芍药，补泻作用都不同一样。雷敩说：雌者调气生血，雄者破血通积，正符合两种兰草的主治功效。大泽兰即为兰草，尤其可以作为凭据。血生于气，所以说调气生血。又荀子说：泽芷以养鼻，是指泽兰、白芷的气，芳香通达于肺。
【附方】旧方一个，新方四个。产后水肿，血虚浮肿。泽兰、防己等分，研为末。每次服用二钱，醋汤送服。（张文仲《备急方》）
疮肿初起：泽兰，捣烂外敷，效果好。（《集简方》）
损伤瘀肿：方同上。
产后阴翻：产后阴户燥热，遂成翻花。泽兰四两，煎汤熏洗二、三次，再入枯矾煎洗，即安。（《集简方》）
地笋
（宋代《嘉祐本草》）
【气味】甘、辛，温，无毒。
【主治】利九窍，通血脉，排脓治血（藏器）。止鼻洪吐血，产后心腹痛。产妇可作蔬菜食用，佳（李大明）。
子
【主治】妇人三十六疾（《千金方》承泽丸中使用）。
(Zhongpin, Shennong Bencao Jing)
[Correction] Merged into "Dishun" (Earth Bamboo Shoot) of the Jia You Ben Cao.
[Nomenclature] Shuixiang (Water Fragrance, Wu Pu), Duliangxiang (Duliang Incense, Tao Hongjing), Hulan (Tiger Orchid, Shennong Bencao Jing), Hupu (Tiger Cattail, Mingyi Bielu), Longzao (Dragon Date, Shennong Bencao Jing), Haierju (Child Chrysanthemum, Bencao Gangmu), Fengyao (Wind Medicine, Bencao Gangmu). The root is named Dishun (Jia You Ben Cao). Tao Hongjing stated: It grows beside marshes, hence the name Zelan (Eupatorium), also called Duliangxiang. Li Shizhen stated: This herb can also be used to make fragrant pomade, not only because it grows by the water. People in Qi'an call it Fengyao. Wu Pu Bencao calls it one name Shuixiang. Tao said it is also named Duliang. Now commonly called Haierju, proving it and Lancao (Agastache/Patchouli) are two varieties of the same species. Its root is edible, hence called Dishun.
[Collection and Explanation] Mingyi Bielu stated: Zelan grows beside major marshes in Runan. Collected on the 3rd day of the 3rd lunar month, dried in shade. Wu Pu stated: Grows in low-lying wetlands and by water. Leaves resemble orchids. Sprouts in the 2nd lunar month. Red nodes. Four leaves opposite each other at the branch nodes. Tao Hongjing stated: Found everywhere now. Mostly grows in low-lying wetlands. Leaves have a slight fragrance, can be boiled for oil or bath water. Many households plant it, but leaves are smaller and slightly different. There is another very similar one in mountains now, with square stems, small and hard leaves, not very fragrant. Since it is called Zelan, the mountain variety is incorrect, yet herbalists use it. Su Gong stated: Zelan has square stems and purple nodes. Leaves resemble Lancao but are not very fragrant. This is what is used in the capital region. What Tao described is actually Lancao, with round stems, purple calyx, white flowers, completely different from Zelan. Su Song stated: Found in Jing, Xu, Sui, Shou, Shu, Wuzhou, Hezhong Prefecture. Roots are dark purple-black, like millet roots. Sprouts in the 2nd lunar month, 2-3 chi high. Stems are green-purple, four-edged. Leaves grow opposite, resembling Mint, slightly fragrant. Flowers in the 7th lunar month, purple-white, calyx entirely purple, resembling Mint flowers. Seedlings collected in the 3rd lunar month, dried in shade. Planted widely in Jinghu and Lingnan. Those from Shouzhou have no flowers or seeds. Generally similar to Lancao. But Lancao grows by water, leaves glossy and smooth, slightly purple, peak in May-June; whereas Zelan grows in marshes and low wetlands, leaves pointed, slightly hairy, not glossy, square stems, purple nodes, collected in July-August, slightly pungent taste, this is the difference. Lei Xiao stated: Must distinguish male and female when using. Large Zelan has round stems and leaves, yellow-green roots, generates blood and regulates Qi; distinct from Small Zelan which has spotted leaves, pointed root tips, breaks blood, and unblocks long-standing accumulation.
Kou Zongshi stated: Zelan branches out immediately after emerging from soil. Leaves resemble Chrysanthemum, just longer and pointed. Wu Pu's claim that leaves resemble orchids is wrong. Modern Lan leaves resemble Ophiopogon, quite different.
Li Shizhen stated: What Wu Pu described is true Zelan. What Lei Xiao called Large Zelan is actually Lancao; Small Zelan is this Zelan. Kou Zongshi was correct about Zelan but wrong in refuting Wu Pu, likely due to confusing Orchid with Lancao. See correction of Lancao below.
[Processing] Lei Xiao stated: For both large and small Zelan, finely chop, place in silk bag, hang in the southeast corner of the house to dry before use.
[Fragrance and Taste] Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. Mingyi Bielu stated: Sweet. Wu Pu stated: Shennong, Yellow Emperor, Qibo, Tongjun: Sour, non-toxic. Li Dangzhi: Slightly warm. Meng Shen: Bitter, pungent.
Ding Wei stated: Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra) is its guiding drug.
[Indications] Internal epistaxis in nursing women, residual symptoms of wind-stroke, massive abdominal edema, edema of body, face, and limbs, fluid retention in bone joints, traumatic injuries, abscesses and pus sores (Shennong Bencao Jing). Traumatic wounds internally after childbirth (Mingyi Bielu). Abdominal pain after childbirth, frequent childbirth leading to deficient and cold blood-Qi, chronic wasting syndrome, emaciation, leukorrhea and lower back pain in women (Zhen Quan). Hundred diseases before and after childbirth, unblocks nine orifices, benefits joints, nourishes blood and Qi, breaks old blood, resolves masses, unblocks Small Intestine, promotes muscle growth, resolves traumatic blood stasis, treats nosebleeds and hematemesis, headache and eye pain due to wind, chronic emaciation in women, sallow complexion in men (Li Daming).
[Elucidation] Su Song stated: Zelan is most urgently needed in gynecological formulas. Ancients had many Zelan Pills for treating women.
Li Shizhen stated: Lancao and Zelan have fragrant and warm aromas, pungent and dispersing tastes, representing Yang within Yin. They enter the Foot-Taiyin Spleen and Foot-Jueyin Liver meridians. The Spleen likes fragrance; the Liver prefers pungent dispersion. When Spleen Qi is comfortable, the Triple Burner is unobstructed and righteous Qi harmonizes; when Liver depression disperses, Ying and Wei circulate freely and pathogenic factors resolve. Lancao enters the Qi mechanism, thus benefiting water passages, resolving phlegm stagnation, killing parasites, warding off evil, and serving as a good medicine for Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst); Zelan enters the Blood aspect, thus treating edema, applying to toxic sores, breaking blood stasis, resolving masses, and serving as a key herb for women. Though similar, their functions differ slightly, just as Red Poria, White Poria, and Peony have different tonifying and purging effects. Lei said: Female ones regulate Qi and generate blood; male ones break blood and unblock accumulation, fitting the indications of the two Lans perfectly. That Large Zelan is Lancao is further evidence. Blood is generated from Qi, hence regulating Qi generates blood. Xunzi said: Zezhi nourishes the nose, referring to the fragrant aroma of Zelan and Bai Zhi reaching the Lung.
[Attached Formulas] One old, four new. Postpartum edema, blood deficiency causing swelling. Zelan and Fangji in equal parts, powdered. Take 2 qian per dose, washed down with vinegar soup. (Zhang Wenzhong, Beiji Fang)
Early stage of carbuncle swelling: Zelan, pounded and applied externally. Effective. (Jijian Fang)
Traumatic bruising and swelling: Same formula as above.
Postpartum vaginal prolapse/eversion: After childbirth, vaginal dryness and heat lead to eversion. Zelan 4 liang, decocted for fumigation and washing 2-3 times, then wash with dried alum decoction. Immediate relief. (Jijian Fang)
Dishun (Earth Bamboo Shoot)
(Song Dynasty Jia You Ben Cao)
[Fragrance and Taste] Sweet, pungent, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Benefits nine orifices, unblocks blood vessels, expels pus and treats blood disorders (Zangqi). Stops severe epistaxis and hematemesis, postpartum heart and abdominal pain. Can be eaten as a vegetable by postpartum women, excellent. (Li Daming)
Seeds
[Indications] Thirty-six diseases of women (Used in Chengze Pill in Qianjin Fang).