（《本经》中品）
【释名】薇草（《别录》）、白幕（《别录》）、春草（《别录》）、 （音尾）、骨美。时珍
曰∶薇，细也。其根细而白也。按∶《尔雅》∶ ，春草也。薇、 音相近，则白薇又 音之
转也。《别录》以 为莽草之名，误矣。
【集解】《别录》曰∶白薇生平原川谷。三月三日采根阴干。弘景曰∶近道处处有之。
颂曰∶今陕西诸郡及舒、滁、润、辽州亦有之。茎叶俱青，颇类柳叶。六、七月开红花，
八月结实。其根黄白色，类牛膝而短小，今人八月采之。
根
【修治】 曰∶凡采得，以糯米泔汁浸一宿，取出去髭，于槐砧上细锉，蒸之，从巳至
申，晒干用。时珍曰∶后人惟以酒洗用。
【气味】苦、咸，平，无毒。《别录》曰∶大寒。之才曰∶恶黄 、大黄、大戟、干姜、
大枣、干漆、山茱萸。
【主治】暴中风身热肢满，忽忽不知人，狂惑邪气，寒热酸疼，温疟洗洗，发作有时（《本
经》）。疗伤中淋露，下水气，利阴气，益精。久服利人（《别录》）。治惊邪风狂 病，百
邪鬼魅（弘景）。风温灼热多眠，及热淋遗尿，金疮出血（时珍）。
【发明】好古曰∶古方多用治妇人，以本草有疗伤中淋露之故也。
时珍曰∶白薇古人多用，后世罕能知之。按∶张仲景治妇人产中虚烦呕逆，安中益气，
竹皮丸方中，用白薇同桂枝各一分，竹皮、石膏各三分，甘草七分。枣肉为大丸，每以饮化
一丸服。云有热者，倍白薇，则白薇性寒，乃阳明经药也。徐之才《药对》言白薇恶大枣，
而此方又以枣肉为丸，盖恐诸药寒凉伤脾胃尔。朱肱《活人书》治风温发汗后，身犹灼热，
自汗身重多眠，鼻息必鼾，语言难出者，葳蕤汤中亦用之。孙真人《千金方》，有诏书发汗
白薇散焉。
【附方】新五。
肺实鼻塞，不知香臭。白薇、贝母、款冬花各一两，百部二两。为末。每服一钱，米饮
下。（《普济方》）妇人遗尿，不拘胎前产后。白薇、芍药各一两。为末。酒服方寸匕，日三
服。（《千金方》）
血淋热淋∶方同上。妇人血厥∶人平居无疾苦，忽如死人，身不动摇，目闭口噤，或微
知人，眩冒，称时方寤，此名血厥，亦名郁冒。出汗过多，血少，阳气独上，气塞不行，故
身如死。气过血还，阴阳复通，故移时方寤。妇人尤多此证。宜服白薇汤∶用白薇、当归各
一两，人参半两，甘草二钱半。每服五钱，水二盏，煎一盏，温服。（《本事方》）
金疮血出∶白薇为末，贴之。（《儒门事亲》）
（收录于《神农本草经》中品）
【释名】薇草（出自《名医别录》）、白幕（出自《名医别录》）、春草（出自《名医别录》）、[音尾]、骨美。李时珍说：薇，意为细小。它的根细长且呈白色。据考证：《尔雅》记载：“[音尾]，是春草。”“薇”与“[音尾]”读音相近，那么白薇就是“[音尾]”读音的转音。《名医别录》将“[音尾]”作为莽草的名称，这是错误的。
【集解】《名医别录》说：白薇生长在平原河谷地带。三月三日采集根部，阴干。陶弘景说：各地附近都有生长。苏颂说：如今陕西各郡以及舒州、滁州、润州、辽州也有生长。茎和叶都是青色的，很像柳叶。六月、七月开红花，八月结果实。它的根呈黄白色，类似牛膝但更短小，现在人们八月采集它。
【修治】雷敩说：凡是采得后，用糯米淘米水浸泡一夜，取出去掉须根，在槐木砧板上细细切碎，蒸制，从巳时到申时，晒干后使用。李时珍说：后人只用酒清洗后使用。
【气味】味苦、咸，性平，无毒。《名医别录》说：大寒。徐之才说：忌与黄芩、大黄、大戟、干姜、大枣、干漆、山茱萸同用。
【主治】突发中风导致身体发热、四肢胀满，神情恍惚不知人事，狂乱迷惑及邪气侵扰，寒热交替酸痛，温疟发作时瑟瑟发抖，有固定的发作时间（出自《神农本草经》）。治疗内伤导致的淋沥露泄，下行水气，通利阴气，补益精气。长期服用对人有益（出自《名医别录》）。治疗惊邪风狂病，各种邪祟鬼魅之症（陶弘景）。风温引起的灼热嗜睡，以及热淋遗尿，金疮出血（李时珍）。
【发明】李好古说：古方多用白薇治疗妇女疾病，是因为本草中有治疗内伤淋露的缘故。
李时珍说：古人多用白薇，后世很少有人了解它。据考证：张仲景治疗妇女产后虚烦呕逆，安中益气，在竹皮丸方中，使用白薇与桂枝各一分，竹皮、石膏各三分，甘草七分。以枣肉制成大丸，每次用水化服一丸。如果有热象，加倍使用白薇，这说明白薇性寒，是阳明经的药物。徐之才《药对》说白薇忌与大枣同用，而这个方子却用枣肉做丸，大概是担心其他药物寒凉损伤脾胃罢了。朱肱《活人书》治疗风温发汗后，身体仍然灼热，自汗身重多眠，呼吸必带鼾声，语言困难者，在葳蕤汤中也使用了白薇。孙思邈《千金方》中，有诏书发汗白薇散。
【附方】新收五则。
肺实鼻塞，不知香臭：白薇、贝母、款冬花各一两，百部二两。研为末。每次服用一钱，米饮送下。（出自《普济方》）妇人遗尿，不论产前产后：白薇、芍药各一两。研为末。酒服方寸匕，每日三次。（出自《千金方》）
血淋、热淋：方剂同上。妇人血厥：人平时没有病痛，忽然像死人一样，身体不动，眼睛闭合嘴巴紧闭，或者稍微知道人事，眩晕昏冒，过一段时间才苏醒，这名叫血厥，也叫郁冒。出汗过多，血液亏少，阳气独自上冲，气机阻塞不通，所以身体像死了一样。气行血还，阴阳重新通畅，所以过一段时间才苏醒。妇女尤其多见此证。宜服用白薇汤：用白薇、当归各一两，人参半两，甘草二钱半。每次服用五钱，加水两盏，煎至一盏，温服。（出自《本事方》）
金疮出血：白薇研为末，外贴患处。（出自《儒门事亲》）
(Recorded in the Middle Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**Names:** Wei Cao (from *Mingyi Bielu*), Bai Mu (from *Mingyi Bielu*), Chun Cao (from *Mingyi Bielu*), [Yin Wei], Gu Mei. Li Shizhen said: "Wei" means fine or small. Its root is slender and white. According to research: *Erya* states: "[Yin Wei] is spring grass." The pronunciation of "Wei" and "[Yin Wei]" are similar, thus *Baiwei* is a phonetic shift of "[Yin Wei]." *Mingyi Bielu* incorrectly identifies "[Yin Wei]" as the name for *Mangcao*.
**Collection:** *Mingyi Bielu* states: *Baiwei* grows in plains and river valleys. Collect the roots on the third day of the third lunar month and dry them in the shade. Tao Hongjing said: It is found everywhere near inhabited areas. Su Song said: Currently, it is also found in various commanderies of Shaanxi, as well as in Shuzhou, Chuzhou, Runzhou, and Liaozhou. Both stems and leaves are green, resembling willow leaves. It blooms red flowers in June and July, and bears fruit in August. Its roots are yellowish-white, similar to *Niuxi* but shorter and smaller; nowadays, people collect it in August.
**Processing:** Lei Xiao said: Upon collection, soak in rice washing water overnight, remove the root hairs, finely chop on a locust wood cutting board, steam from Si hour to Shen hour, then sun-dry for use. Li Shizhen said: Later generations only wash it with wine before use.
**Flavor and Nature:** Bitter, salty, neutral, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* states: Greatly cold. Xu Zhicai said: Incompatible with Huangqin, Dahuang, Daji, Ganjiang, Dazao, Ganqi, and Shanzhuyu.
**Indications:** Sudden wind-stroke with body heat and limb fullness, sudden confusion and loss of consciousness, mania, delirium, and pathogenic qi invasion, alternating chills and fever with soreness and pain, warm malaria with shivering and regular paroxysms (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats internal injury leading to dripping discharge, promotes downward movement of water qi, benefits yin qi, and nourishes essence. Long-term use benefits the person (from *Mingyi Bielu*). Treats fright-evil and wind-madness diseases, and various evil spirits and demons (Tao Hongjing). Wind-warmth causing burning heat and excessive sleepiness, as well as hot strangury with enuresis, and traumatic bleeding (Li Shizhen).
**Elucidation:** Li Haogu said: Ancient formulas often used *Baiwei* to treat women's diseases, due to its recorded ability to treat internal injury and dripping discharge.
Li Shizhen said: Ancients frequently used *Baiwei*, but later generations rarely understood it. According to research: Zhang Zhongjing treated postpartum deficiency with vexation and vomiting, stabilizing the middle and boosting qi. In the *Zhupi Wan* formula, he used *Baiwei* and *Guizhi* each in 1 part, *Zhupi* and *Shigao* each in 3 parts, and *Gancao* in 7 parts. Made into large pills with jujube flesh, one pill was dissolved in water and taken per dose. He stated that if there is heat, double the amount of *Baiwei*, indicating that *Baiwei* is cold in nature and acts on the Yangming channel. Xu Zhicai's *Yaodui* states that *Baiwei* is incompatible with *Dazao*, yet this formula uses jujube flesh for the pills; this was likely to prevent the cold-natured herbs from damaging the spleen and stomach. Zhu Gong's *Huo Ren Shu* treats wind-warmth after sweating, where the body remains burning hot, with spontaneous sweating, heaviness, excessive sleepiness, snoring breath, and difficulty speaking; *Baiwei* is also used in the *Weirui Tang*. Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang* contains the *Zhaoshu Fahan Baiwei San*.
**Attached Formulas:** Five new ones.
Lung excess with nasal congestion and loss of smell/taste: *Baiwei*, *Beimu*, *Kuandonghua* each 1 liang, *Baibu* 2 liang. Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, washed down with rice drink. (*Puji Fang*) Enuresis in women, regardless of pre- or postpartum: *Baiwei*, *Shaoyao* each 1 liang. Grind into powder. Take one fangcun bi with wine, three times daily. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Blood strangury and hot strangury: Same formula as above. Blood jue in women: A person usually free from illness suddenly appears dead, immobile, eyes closed, mouth clenched, or slightly aware, dizzy and fainting, waking up only after some time. This is called blood jue, also known as depression and dizziness. Excessive sweating leads to blood deficiency, with yang qi rising alone, blocking qi flow, hence the body seems dead. When qi moves and blood returns, yin and yang reconnect, so waking occurs after a while. This condition is particularly common in women. It is suitable to take *Baiwei Tang*: Use *Baiwei* and *Danggui* each 1 liang, *Renshen* half liang, *Gancao* 2.5 qian. Take 5 qian per dose, add two zhan of water, decoct to one zhan, and take warm. (*Benshi Fang*)
Traumatic bleeding: *Baiwei* ground into powder, applied externally. (*Rumen Shiqin*)