（《唐本草》）
【释名】诃子。
时珍曰∶诃黎勒，梵言天主持来也。
【集解】恭曰∶诃黎勒生交州、爱州。
颂曰∶今岭南皆有而广州最盛。树似木患子，花白。子形似栀子、橄榄，青黄色，皮肉
相着。七月、八月实熟时采，六路者佳。《岭南异物志》云∶
极小而味不涩，皆是六路。每岁州贡，只以此寺者。寺有古井，木根蘸水，水味不咸。每子
熟时，有佳客至，则院僧煎汤以延之。其法用新摘诃子五枚，甘草一寸，破之，汲井水同煎，
色若新茶。今其寺谓之干明古寺，尚在，旧木犹有六、七株。南海风俗
必尽如昔时之法也。诃子未熟时，风飘堕者，谓之随风子，曝干收之，益小者佳，彼人尤珍
贵之。
个个毗头也。若诃黎勒文只有六路。或多或少，并是杂路勒
路，号曰榔精勒，涩不堪用。
【修治】 曰∶凡用诃黎勒，酒浸后蒸一伏时，刀削去路，取肉锉焙用。用核则去肉。
【气味】苦，温，无毒。权曰∶苦、甘。
炳曰∶苦、酸。 曰∶酸，涩，温。
好古曰∶苦、酸，平。苦重酸轻，味浓，阴也，降也。
【主治】冷气，心腹胀满，下食（《唐本》）。
破胸膈结气，通利津液，止水道，黑髭发（甄权）。
下宿物，止肠 久泄，赤白痢（萧炳）。消痰下气，化食开胃，除烦治水，调中，止呕
吐霍乱，心腹虚痛，奔豚肾气，肺气喘急，五膈气，肠风泻血，崩中带下，怀孕漏胎，及胎
动欲生，胀闷气喘。并患痢人肛门急痛，产妇阴痛，和蜡烧烟熏之，及煎汤熏洗（大明）。
治痰嗽咽喉不利，含三数枚殊胜（苏颂）。实大肠，敛肺
【发明】宗 曰∶诃黎勒，气虚人亦宜缓缓煨熟少服。此物虽涩肠而又泄气，其味苦涩
故尔。
药
气实者
降火之功也。
时珍曰∶诃子同乌梅、五倍子用则收敛，同橘皮、浓朴用则下气，同人参用则能补肺治
咳嗽。
东垣言嗽药不用者，非矣。但咳嗽未久者，不可骤用尔。嵇含《草木状》言作饮久服，
令髭
曰∶诃黎皮主嗽，肉主眼涩痛。波斯人将诃黎勒、大腹等在舶上，用防不虞。或遇大
鱼放涎滑水中数里，船不能通，乃煮此洗其涎滑，寻化为水，则其治气消痰功力可知矣。
慎微曰∶《金光明经》。流水长者子除病品云∶热病下药，服诃黎勒。又《广异记》云∶
高仙芝在大食国得诃黎勒，长五寸，置抹肚中，便觉腹中痛，因大利十余行，疑诃黎勒为祟。
后问大食长老。云∶此物人带一切病消，利者乃出恶物尔。仙芝宝之，后被诛，失所在。
颂曰∶诃黎主痢，《唐本草》不载。张仲景治气痢有方。唐·刘禹锡《传信方》云∶予
赤白下，诸药服遍久不瘥，转为白脓。令狐将军传此方∶用诃黎勒三枚，两炮一生，并
取皮末之，以沸浆水一合服之。若只水痢，加一钱匕甘草末；若微有脓血，加二匕；血多，
加三匕。
【附方】旧十，新五。
下气消食∶诃黎一枚为末，瓦器中水一大升，煎三、两沸，下药更煎三、五沸，如曲尘
色，入少盐，饮之。（《食医心镜》）。
一切气疾、宿食不消∶诃黎一枚，入夜含之，至明嚼咽。又方∶诃黎三枚，湿纸包，煨
熟去核，细嚼，以牛乳下。（《千金方》）。
气嗽日久∶生诃黎一枚，含之咽汁。瘥后口爽，不知食味，却煎槟榔汤一碗服，立便有
味。此知连州
呕逆不食∶诃黎勒皮二两。炒研，糊丸梧桐子大。空心汤服二十丸，日三服。（《广济
方》）。
风痰霍乱，食不消，大便涩∶诃黎三枚，取皮为末。和酒顿服，三、五次妙。（《外台
秘要》）。
小儿霍乱∶诃黎一枚，为末。沸汤服一半，未止再服。（《子母
小儿风痰壅闭，语音不出，气促喘闷，手足动摇∶诃子（半生半炮，去核）、大腹皮等
分，水煎服。名二圣散。（《全幼心鉴》）。
风热冲顶、热闷∶诃黎二枚（为末），芒硝一钱。同入醋中，搅令消，摩涂热处。（《外
台秘要》）。
气痢水泻∶诃黎勒十枚面裹， 火煨熟，去核研末，粥饮顿服。亦可饭丸服。一加木香。
又长服方∶诃黎勒、陈橘皮、浓朴各三两，捣筛，蜜丸大如梧子。每服二、三十丸，白汤下。
（《图经本草》）。
水泻下痢∶诃黎勒（炮）二分，肉豆蔻一分，为末。米饮每服二钱。（《圣惠方》）。
下痢转白∶诃子三个，二炮一生，为末，沸汤调服。
水痢，加甘草末一钱。（《普济方》）。
赤白下痢∶诃子十二个，六生六煨，去核，焙为末。赤痢，生甘草汤下；白痢，炙甘草
汤下。不过再服。（赵原阳《济急方》）。
妒精下疳∶大诃子烧灰，入麝香少许，先以米泔水洗，后搽之。或以荆芥、黄柏、甘草、
马鞭草、葱白煎汤洗亦可。昔方士周守真医唐靖烂茎一、二寸，用此取效也。（洪迈《夷坚
志》）
核
【主治】磨白蜜注目，去风赤涩痛，神良（苏颂）。
止咳及痢（时珍）。
叶
【主治】下气消痰，止渴及泄痢，煎饮服，功同诃黎（时珍。唐·包佶有“病中谢李吏
部惠诃黎勒叶”诗）。
（出自《唐本草》）
【集解】苏恭说：诃黎勒生长在交州、爱州。
苏颂说：现在岭南地区都有生长，其中广州产量最盛。树形像木患子，花是白色的。果实形状像栀子、橄榄，呈青黄色，果皮和果肉紧密结合。七月、八月果实成熟时采摘，有六条棱纹的为好。《岭南异物志》记载：
极小且味道不涩的，都是有六条棱纹的。每年州府进贡，只选用这种寺院的。寺院里有古井，用树木根蘸水，水的味道不咸。每当果实成熟时，如果有贵客到来，寺院的僧人就煎汤来招待客人。其方法是取新摘的诃子五枚，甘草一寸，掰开，汲取井水一同煎煮，颜色像新泡的茶。现在这个寺院叫干明古寺，还存在，旧有的树还有六七株。南海的风俗
必定完全像从前的方法一样。诃子未成熟时，被风吹落的，叫做随风子，晒干收藏，越小越好，当地人特别珍视它。
个个毗头也（注：此处原文可能有误或为特定称呼，意指形态）。如果诃黎勒纹路只有六条棱，或者多或少，都是杂棱勒
路，号称榔精勒，涩得无法使用。
【修治】雷敩说：凡是使用诃黎勒，先用酒浸泡，然后蒸一个时辰（伏时），用刀削去棱纹，取果肉切碎焙干后使用。如果使用果核，则去掉果肉。
【气味】苦，温，无毒。甄权说：苦、甘。
萧炳说：苦、酸。 雷敩说：酸，涩，温。
李好古说：苦、酸，平。苦重酸轻，味道浓烈，属阴，主降。
【主治】冷气，心腹胀满，促进食欲（《唐本草》）。
破除胸膈间的气结，通利津液，止住水道（小便），使胡须头发变黑（甄权）。
排出体内积滞物，止住长期腹泻，赤白痢疾（萧炳）。消除痰饮，降气，化食开胃，除烦治水，调理中焦，止住呕吐霍乱，心腹虚痛，奔豚肾气上逆，肺气喘急，五膈气，肠风泻血，崩漏带下，怀孕漏胎，以及胎动欲产，胀闷气喘。所有患痢疾的人肛门急痛，产妇阴道疼痛，配合蜡燃烧成烟熏之，以及煎汤熏洗（孟诜）。
治疗痰嗽咽喉不利，含服三数枚效果极佳（苏颂）。充实大肠，收敛肺气。
【发明】寇宗奭说：诃黎勒，气虚的人也适宜慢慢煨熟后少量服用。此物虽然能涩肠，但又能泄气，因为它的味道苦涩的缘故。
对于气实的人，有降火的功效。
李时珍说：诃子同乌梅、五倍子一起使用则具有收敛作用，同橘皮、厚朴一起使用则能降气，同人参一起使用则能补肺治疗咳嗽。
李东垣说咳嗽药中不用诃子，是不对的。只是咳嗽时间不长的，不可突然大量使用。嵇含《草木状》记载作茶饮久服，
能让胡须变黑。
有人说：诃黎勒皮主治咳嗽，果肉主治眼睛涩痛。波斯人在船上携带诃黎勒、大腹皮等，用来防备意外。如果遇到大
鱼在几里外的水中吐涎滑腻，船只无法通行，就煮这些药材清洗其涎滑，很快化为水，那么它理气消痰的功效就可以知道了。
慎微说：《金光明经·流水长者子除病品》记载：热病下药，服用诃黎勒。又《广异记》记载：
高仙芝在大食国得到诃黎勒，长五寸，放在抹肚（腰带）中，便觉得腹中痛，因此腹泻十多次，怀疑是诃黎勒作祟。
后来询问大食长老。长老说：此物人佩戴可以消除一切疾病，腹泻的是排出了恶物罢了。高仙芝将其珍藏，后来被杀，不知下落。
苏颂说：诃黎勒主治痢疾，《唐本草》没有记载。张仲景治疗气痢有方剂。唐代刘禹锡《传信方》记载：我患
赤白痢，各种药物都服遍了很久不好，转为白脓。令狐将军传授此方：用诃黎勒三枚，一半炮制一半生用，全部取皮研末，用沸浆水一合服用。如果只是水样痢，加一钱匕甘草末；如果微有脓血，加两匕；血多，加三匕。
【附方】旧方十个，新方五个。
下气消食：诃黎一枚研为末，瓦器中加水一大升，煎煮三、两沸，加入药再煎三、五沸，呈现曲尘色，加入少许盐，饮用。（《食医心镜》）。
一切气疾、宿食不消：诃黎一枚，入夜含在口中，到明天早晨嚼碎咽下。又一方：诃黎三枚，用湿纸包裹，煨熟去核，细嚼，用牛乳送下。（《千金方》）。
气嗽日久：生诃黎一枚，含在口中咽下汁液。病愈后口淡无味，不知食物滋味，再煎一碗槟榔汤服用，立刻就有味道了。这是知连州
的方法。
呕逆不食：诃黎勒皮二两。炒后研末，糊丸梧桐子大小。空腹汤送服二十丸，每日三次。（《广济方》）。
风痰霍乱，食不消，大便涩：诃黎三枚，取皮研为末。和酒一次性服下，三、五次效果更佳。（《外台秘要》）。
小儿霍乱：诃黎一枚，研为末。沸水冲服一半，未止再服。（《子母秘录》）。
小儿风痰壅闭，语音不出，气促喘闷，手足动摇：诃子（半生半炮，去核）、大腹皮等
分，水煎服。名叫二圣散。（《全幼心鉴》）。
风热冲顶、热闷：诃黎二枚（研为末），芒硝一钱。同入醋中，搅拌令其溶解，涂抹于热处。（《外台秘要》）。
气痢水泻：诃黎勒十枚用面粉包裹，炭火煨熟，去核研末，粥饮一次性服下。也可以做成饭丸服用。一加木香。
又长期服用方：诃黎勒、陈橘皮、厚朴各三两，捣筛，蜜丸大如梧子。每次服用二、三十丸，白开水送下。
（《图经本草》）。
水泻下痢：诃黎勒（炮制）二分，肉豆蔻一分，研为末。米饮每次服用二钱。（《圣惠方》）。
下痢转白：诃子三个，一半炮制一半生用，研为末，沸水调服。
如果是水痢，加甘草末一钱。（《普济方》）。
赤白下痢：诃子十二个，六个生用六个煨熟，去核，焙干研为末。赤痢，生甘草汤送下；白痢，炙甘草汤送下。不超过两次服药即可痊愈。（赵原阳《济急方》）。
妒精下疳：大诃子烧成灰，加入少许麝香，先用米泔水洗患处，然后搽涂。也可以用荆芥、黄柏、甘草、
马鞭草、葱白煎汤清洗也可以。昔日方士周守真医治唐靖烂茎一、二寸，用此法取得疗效。（洪迈《夷坚志》）
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Names] Hezi (Chebula Fruit).
Li Shizhen states: "Helile" is a Sanskrit term meaning "given by the Heavenly Master."
[Collection and Explanation] Su Gong states: Helile grows in Jiaozhou and Aizhou.
Su Song states: It is now found throughout the Lingnan region, with Guangzhou having the highest yield. The tree resembles *Hura crepitans* (Sandbox Tree), and its flowers are white. The fruit resembles Gardenia or Olive, is yellowish-green, and the peel adheres closely to the flesh. It is harvested when ripe in July and August; those with six ridges are superior. *Lingnan Yiwu Zhi* records:
Those that are extremely small and not astringent all have six ridges. Each year, the prefecture pays tribute only using those from this temple. The temple has an ancient well; dipping tree roots into the water makes it tasteless/sweet. Whenever the fruit ripens and distinguished guests arrive, the monks decoct soup to entertain them. The method uses five freshly picked Chebula fruits, one cun of Licorice Root (*Gancao*), broken apart, drawn well water, and decocted together until the color resembles new tea. This temple is now known as Ganming Ancient Temple, still existing, with six or seven old trees remaining. The customs in Nanhai
must strictly follow the methods of the past. When Chebula is unripe, those blown down by the wind are called "Suifengzi," dried and stored; smaller ones are better, and locals treasure them highly.
Gegebitou ye (Note: Likely refers to specific morphological description or variant name). If Helile has only six ridges, or more or fewer, they are mixed-ridge Le,
known as Langjing Le, too astringent to be usable.
[Processing] Lei Xiao states: When using Helile, soak in wine, then steam for one *fushi* (approx. 2 hours). Scrape off the ridges with a knife, take the flesh, cut, and roast before use. If using the seed, remove the flesh.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, warm, non-toxic. Zhen Quan states: Bitter, sweet.
Xiao Bing states: Bitter, sour. Lei Xiao states: Sour, astringent, warm.
Li Haogu states: Bitter, sour, neutral. With bitter heavy and sour light, the flavor is strong, belonging to Yin, and descending.
[Indications] Cold qi, abdominal distension and fullness, promotes digestion/appetite (*Tang Bencao*).
Breaks up Qi stagnation in the chest and diaphragm, promotes fluid circulation, stops urinary flow issues, darkens beard and hair (Zhen Quan).
Expels accumulated matter, stops chronic diarrhea, dysentery (red and white) (Xiao Bing). Resolves phlegm, directs Qi downward, transforms food, opens the stomach, relieves irritability and regulates water metabolism, harmonizes the Middle Jiao, stops vomiting and cholera, deficiency-pain in heart and abdomen, Ben Tun (running piglet) kidney Qi rebellion, lung asthma and rapid breathing, Five Ge Qi (obstructions), intestinal wind bleeding, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, pregnancy leakage, fetal restlessness about to deliver, distension and stifling sensation with asthma. For all dysentery patients with urgent anal pain, postpartum vaginal pain, combine with wax, burn to smoke fumigate, or decoct for fumigation and washing (Meng Shen).
Treats phlegm-cough and throat obstruction; holding three to five pieces in the mouth yields excellent results (Su Song). Firms the Large Intestine, astringes Lung Qi.
[Elucidation] Kou Zongshi states: Even those with Qi deficiency should slowly roast Helile and take small doses. Although this herb astringes the intestines, it also dissipates Qi due to its bitter-astringent flavor.
For those with Qi excess, it has the function of descending fire.
Li Shizhen states: When used with Wumei (Mume Fruit) and Wubeizi (Chinese Gallnut), it has an astringent effect; when used with Ju Pi (Citrus Peel) and Hou Po (Magnolia Bark), it directs Qi downward; when used with Renshen (Ginseng Root), it tonifies the Lung and treats cough.
Li Dongyuan's claim that cough medicines do not use Helile is incorrect. However, for recent-onset coughs, it should not be used abruptly. Ji Han's *Caomu Zhuang* records that drinking it long-term
can darken the beard.
Some say: Helile peel treats cough, flesh treats eye dryness and pain. Persians carried Helile and Dufupi (Areca Peel) on ships to prevent emergencies. If a large fish excretes slippery mucus blocking the water for miles, preventing boat passage, boiling these herbs to wash away the mucus quickly dissolves it, demonstrating its power to regulate Qi and resolve phlegm.
Shen Wei states: *Jin Guang Ming Jing* (Golden Light Sutra) in the chapter "Water Flowing Elder Son Removing Illness" records: For heat diseases, take Helile as a medicine. Also, *Guang Yi Ji* records:
Gao Xianzhi obtained Helile in the Dashi country, five inches long. Placing it in his sash caused abdominal pain and severe diarrhea over ten times. He suspected Helile was causing harm.
Later he asked a Dashi elder. The elder said: Carrying this item eliminates all diseases; diarrhea indicates the expulsion of evil matter. Gao treasured it, but later was executed, and its whereabouts were lost.
Su Song states: Helile treats dysentery, which is not recorded in *Tang Bencao*. Zhang Zhongjing had formulas for treating Qi dysentery. Liu Yuxi's *Chuanxin Fang* records: I suffered from red and white dysentery. Having taken various medicines for a long time without cure, it turned into white pus. General Linghu transmitted this formula: Use three Helile fruits, half roasted, half raw. Take all the peel, powder it, and take with one he of boiling water. If it is purely watery dysentery, add one qianbi of Licorice powder; if slightly purulent and bloody, add two qianbi; if mostly blood, add three qianbi.
[Attached Formulas] Ten old formulas, five new formulas.
Direct Qi downward and transform food: One He Li powdered, decocted in one sheng of water in a pottery vessel for three to two boils. Add medicine, decoct for three to five more boils until color resembles yeast dust. Add a little salt and drink. (*Shiyi Xinjing*).
All Qi disorders and undigested food: One He Li, hold in mouth at night, chew and swallow by morning. Another formula: Three He Li, wrapped in wet paper, roasted until cooked, remove seeds, chew finely, swallow with cow milk. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Chronic Qi cough: Hold one raw He Li in mouth and swallow juice. After recovery, if taste is lost, decoct one bowl of Betel Nut soup and drink; taste returns immediately. This is from Zhilianzhou.
Rebellious vomiting and inability to eat: Two liang of He Li peel. Stir-fry, powder, make pills with paste size of Sophora seeds. Take twenty pills on empty stomach with water, three times daily. (*Guangji Fang*).
Wind-phlegm cholera, indigestion, constipation: Three He Li, take peel, powder. Mix with wine and take at once. Three to five times is excellent. (*Waitai Miyao*).
Pediatric cholera: One He Li, powder. Take half with boiling water; if not stopped, take again. (*Zimu Milu*).
Pediatric wind-phlegm obstruction, inability to speak, shortness of breath, stifling sensation, shaking limbs: He Zi (half raw, half roasted, remove seed) and Dafupi in equal parts. Decoct in water and drink. Named Ersheng San. (*Quanyou Xinjian*).
Wind-heat rushing to head, heat stifling: Two He Li (powder), one qian Manganese Nitrate (Mangxiao). Mix in vinegar, stir to dissolve, rub on hot areas. (*Waitai Miyao*).
Qi dysentery and watery diarrhea: Ten He Li wrapped in flour, roasted over charcoal until cooked, remove seed, powder. Take at once with rice gruel. Can also be made into rice pills. Add one part Mu Xiang.
Another long-term use formula: Helile, aged Citrus Peel, and Magnolia Bark, each three liang. Pound and sieve, honey pills size of Sophora seeds. Take 20-30 pills at a time with plain water.
(*Tujing Bencao*).
Watery diarrhea and dysentery: Roasted Helile two parts, Myristica Seed one part, powder. Take two qian per dose with rice drink. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Dysentery turning white: Three He Zi, half roasted half raw, powder. Mix with boiling water and take.
For watery dysentery, add one qian Licorice powder. (*Pujifang*).
Red and white dysentery: Twelve He Zi, six raw six roasted, remove seed, roast and powder. Red dysentery: take with raw Licorice soup; White dysentery: take with roasted Licorice soup. Cure within two doses. (Zhao Yuanyang *Jiji Fang*).
Pruritus ani and genital sores: Burn large He Zi to ash, add a little Musk. Wash lesion with rice water first, then apply. Alternatively, decoct Schizonepeta, Phellodendron, Licorice, Verbena, and Green Onion white for washing. Formerly, alchemist Zhou Shouzhen cured Tang Jing's rotting penis tip of one to two cun using this method successfully. (Hong Mai *Yijian Zhi*)
[Seed]
[Indications] Grind with white honey and apply to eyes to remove wind-induced redness, dryness, and pain; divine efficacy (Su Song).
Stop cough and treat dysentery (Li Shizhen).
[Leaf]
[Indications] Direct Qi downward, resolve phlegm, stop thirst and treat diarrhea/dysentery. Decoct and drink; efficacy same as Helile (Li Shizhen. Tang Dynasty Bao Ji wrote poem "Thanking Official Li for Gift of Helile Leaves during Illness").