气平。味甘。无毒。主 疟。解毒蛊疰不祥。利水道。久服轻身耐老。
猪苓气平。禀天秋凉之金气。入手太阴肺经。味甘无毒。得地中正之土味。入足太阴脾
经。
气味降多于升。阴也。其主 疟者。盖主太阴呕吐之湿疟也。猪苓入脾肺以化气。则湿行而
疟止也。蛊疰不祥。皆湿热之毒。甘平渗利。所以主之。肺主气。气平益肺。肺气化及州都
。则水道利。所以利水。久服则味甘益脾。脾统血。血旺故耐老。气平益肺。肺主气。气和
故身轻也。
制 方:
猪苓同白茯、泽泻、滑石、阿胶。名猪苓汤。治伤寒口渴。及呕而思水。
气寒。味苦。无毒。主大风在皮肤中如麻豆苦痒。除寒热结。止痢。长肌肉。利五
脏。益气轻身。（麸炒）
枳实气寒。禀天冬寒之水气。入手太阳寒水膀胱经、手太阳寒水小肠经。味苦无毒。得
地南
方之火味。入手少阳相火三焦。气味俱降。阴也。太阳主表。经行身表。为外藩者也。大风
在皮肤中如麻豆苦痒者。皮毛患大麻风也。其主之者。枳实入太阳。苦寒清湿热也。小肠为
寒水之经。丙火之腑。寒热结者。寒热之邪结于小肠也。其主之者。苦以泄结也。小肠为受
盛之腑。化物出焉。受物不化。则滞而成痢。枳实苦寒下泄。所以止痢。太阴脾主肌肉。乃
湿土之脏也。土湿则脾困。而肌肉不生。枳实入小肠膀胱。苦寒湿热。所以脾土燥而肌肉长
也。三焦人身一大腔子也。苦寒清三焦之相火。火息则阴足。而五脏皆安也。益气者。枳实
泄滞气。而正气受益也。轻身者。邪去积消。则正气流通而身轻也。
制 方:
枳实同白术。名枳术汤。治心下坚。水饮痞满。同白芍。治产后腹大满痛。同川芎、甘
草。
治左胁痛胀。
【猪苓】
气味平和。味道甘甜。没有毒性。主要治疗疟疾。解除蛊毒、疰病及不祥之邪。通利水道。长期服用能使身体轻盈并延缓衰老。
猪苓气味平和，禀受秋季清凉的金气，归属于手太阴肺经。味道甘甜且无毒，获得大地中正的土味，归属于足太阴脾经。
其药性沉降多于升浮，属于阴。它主治疟疾，主要是针对太阴经呕吐类型的湿疟。猪苓进入脾、肺二经以化生阳气，湿气运行则疟疾停止。蛊毒、疰病及不祥之邪，都是湿热之毒，猪苓味甘性平且能渗湿利水，所以能主治这些病症。肺主气，气味平和有助于益肺，肺气化为津液输布至膀胱（州都），则水道通畅，所以能利水。长期服用，甘味能补益脾胃，脾统摄血液，血液旺盛故能延缓衰老；气味平和益肺，肺主气，气机调和故身体轻盈。
制方：
猪苓与白茯苓、泽泻、滑石、阿胶配伍，名为猪苓汤。治疗伤寒引起的口渴，以及呕吐且想喝水的症状。
【枳实】
气味寒凉。味道苦。没有毒性。主要治疗皮肤中如大麻风般剧烈瘙痒如麻豆状的大风病。消除寒热互结。止住痢疾。促进肌肉生长。通利五脏。益气并使身体轻盈。（用麦麸炒制）
枳实气味寒凉，禀受冬季寒冷的 Water 气，归属于手太阳寒水膀胱经和手太阳寒水小肠经。味道苦且无毒，获得南方火的味道，归属于手少阳相火三焦经。其气味均呈沉降之性，属于阴。太阳经主表，经脉行于体表，是体外的屏障。大风在皮肤中像麻豆一样痛苦瘙痒，这是皮毛患大麻风的表现。枳实主治此症，是因为它进入太阳经，利用苦寒之性清利湿热。小肠是寒水之经，也是丙火之腑。寒热互结，是指寒热邪气结滞于小肠。枳实主治此症，是利用苦味来泄降结滞。小肠是受盛之腑，负责消化食物。如果受纳之物不能消化，就会停滞而成痢疾。枳实苦寒下行泄浊，所以能止痢。太阴脾主肌肉，是湿土之脏。若土湿则脾被困阻，肌肉便无法生长。枳实进入小肠、膀胱经，利用苦寒之性燥湿清热，从而使脾土干燥而肌肉生长。三焦是人体的一大腔子。枳实苦寒能清泄三焦的相火，火息则阴液充足，五脏得以安宁。所谓“益气”，是因为枳实泄除滞气，使正气受益。所谓“轻身”，是因为邪气去除、积滞消散，正气流通顺畅，身体因而轻盈。
制方：
枳实与白术配伍，名为枳术汤。治疗心下痞硬、水饮停聚导致的痞满。与白芍配伍，治疗产后腹部胀大疼痛。与川芎、甘草配伍，治疗左胁部疼痛胀满。
[Zhu Ling (Polyporus)]
The qi is neutral. The taste is sweet. It is non-toxic. It primarily treats malaria. It resolves gu poison, zhu disease, and inauspicious pathogens. It promotes the free flow of water passages. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging.
Zhu Ling has a neutral qi, inheriting the cool metal qi of autumn, entering the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Its taste is sweet and non-toxic, obtaining the central earth flavor of the earth, entering the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian.
Its descending nature exceeds its ascending nature; it belongs to Yin. Its treatment of malaria primarily addresses damp malaria characterized by vomiting associated with the Taiyin channel. Zhu Ling enters the Spleen and Lung to transform qi; when dampness moves, malaria ceases. Gu poison, zhu disease, and inauspicious pathogens are all toxins of damp-heat. Its sweet, neutral, and draining-damp properties enable it to treat these conditions. The Lung governs qi. Neutral qi benefits the Lung. When Lung qi transforms and reaches the Bladder (Zhou Du), water passages become unobstructed, thus promoting diuresis. Long-term consumption: sweet taste benefits the Spleen; the Spleen controls blood, so abundant blood leads to longevity. Neutral qi benefits the Lung; the Lung governs qi, so harmonious qi results in a light body.
Prescription:
Zhu Ling combined with Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Ze Xie (Alisma), Hua Shi (Talcum), and E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) is named Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction). It treats thirst caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage) syndrome, as well as vomiting accompanied by a desire for water.
[Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange)]
The qi is cold. The taste is bitter. It is non-toxic. It primarily treats severe wind (Da Feng) in the skin, manifesting as intense itching like hemp seeds or beans. It eliminates cold-heat knots. It stops dysentery. It promotes muscle growth. It benefits the five Zang organs. It tonifies qi and lightens the body. (Stir-fried with bran)
Zhi Shi has a cold qi, inheriting the cold water qi of winter, entering the Hand-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian. Its taste is bitter and non-toxic, obtaining the fire flavor of the south, entering the Hand-Shaoyang Triple Burner. Both its qi and taste are descending; it belongs to Yin. The Taiyang meridian governs the exterior, running along the body surface, serving as an external defense. Severe wind in the skin causing intense itching like hemp seeds indicates Hansen's disease (leprosy) affecting the skin and hair follicles. Zhi Shi treats this because it enters the Taiyang meridian and uses its bitter-cold nature to clear damp-heat. The Small Intestine is a Cold-Water meridian and the fu organ of Bing Fire. Cold-heat knots refer to the knotting of cold and heat pathogens in the Small Intestine. Zhi Shi treats this by using bitterness to drain the knots. The Small Intestine is the receiving and transforming fu organ. If ingested substances fail to transform, stagnation occurs leading to dysentery. Zhi Shi’s bitter-cold downward-draining action stops dysentery. The Taiyin Spleen governs muscles and is the damp-earth organ. Damp earth traps the Spleen, preventing muscle growth. Zhi Shi enters the Small Intestine and Bladder meridians; its bitter-cold nature dries dampness and clears heat, thereby drying the Spleen earth and promoting muscle growth. The Triple Burner is a large cavity in the human body. Bitter-cold clears the Ministerial Fire of the Triple Burner; when the fire subsides, yin fluids are sufficient, and the five Zang organs are pacified. "Tonifying qi" refers to Zhi Shi draining stagnant qi, thereby benefiting righteous qi. "Lightening the body" refers to the elimination of pathogens and accumulation, allowing righteous qi to flow freely, resulting in a light body.
Prescription:
Zhi Shi combined with Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) is named Zhi Zhu Tang (Immature Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Decoction). It treats hardness below the heart and fullness due to fluid retention. Combined with Bai Shao (White Peony Root), it treats abdominal distension and pain after childbirth. Combined with Chuan Xiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root), it treats pain and distension in the left hypochondrium.