\r梅实\pj372.bmp\r
味酸，气平。可升可降，阳也。无毒。处处栽植，夏月摘收。火熏干者色乌，日曝干
者色白。因制有二，故名不同。凡欲用之，俱宜去核。乌梅收敛肺气，解渴除烦。因
涩大肠
，禁痢止泻。却伤寒温疟，逐虚劳骨蒸。同建茶干姜为丸，治休息久痢尤验。黑痣可脱，虫
痛能安。白梅杵烂成膏，敷攻恶毒。治妇人乳痈最效，拔肉中煎镞如神。中风紧闭牙
关，急
宜将肉摩擦。叶煮汁服，久痢亦除。
\r梨\pj373.bmp\r
味甘、微酸，气寒。无毒。远近俱生，种类殊别。 鹅梨出京郡，皮薄浆多，香
最佳而
味差短； 乳梨（今呼悉尼）出宣城，（属南直隶。）皮浓肉实，香不及而味极长。医
家相承，
二者为胜。并解酒病除渴，咸止咳嗽消痰。去客热心经，驱烦热肺脏。 消梨萧县（属
山东）
产，捣汁主中风失音； 鹿梨信州（属山西。）生，取皮治疮癣疥癞。 桑梨皮
蜜煮，润干燥
咽喉； 紫花梨啖生，却结热胸膈。其他 青皮梨、香水梨、棠梨、
茅梨，种虽多品，未闻
能入药焉。勿恣啖之，令人寒中。产妇切忌，金疮弗宜。并属血虚，故莫误犯。叶煮
可治霍
乱，亦堪作饯疗风。
（谟）按∶梨性冷利，食不益人。酒病弥佳，故称快果。食少难却病，食多则动脾。凡
百用之
，须当斟酌。丹溪曰∶梨者利也，流利下行之谓也。
【梅实】
味酸，气平。具有升散和降泄的作用，属阳。无毒。各地都有种植，夏季采摘采收。用火熏干的色泽乌黑，用日晒干的色泽发白。因为加工方法有两种，所以名称不同。凡是想要使用它，都应当去掉果核。乌梅能收敛肺气，解除口渴，消除烦闷。因为它能涩肠止泻，所以能禁止痢疾，停止腹泻。能祛除伤寒、温疟，驱除虚劳引起的骨蒸潮热。与建茶、干姜制成丸药，治疗休息痢（久治不愈的痢疾）尤其有效。能使黑痣脱落，能安抚虫痛。白梅捣烂成膏，外敷可攻解毒疮恶肿。治疗妇女乳痈（乳腺炎）最为有效，能拔出肉中的箭镞，效果神奇。中风导致牙关紧闭，急需将梅肉摩擦患处。梅叶煮汁服用，也能治愈久痢。
【梨】
味甘、微酸，气寒。无毒。远近各地都有生长，种类非常特别。鹅梨产于京郡，皮薄浆多，香气最佳但味道稍短；乳梨（现在称为悉尼梨）产于宣城（属于南直隶），皮厚肉实，香气不及鹅梨但味道持久。医家相传，这两种是最好的。都能解酒病、除口渴，都能止咳化痰。能去除客热在心经，驱除肺脏的烦热。消梨产于萧县（属于山东），捣汁主治中风失音；鹿梨产于信州（属于山西），取皮治疗疮癣疥癞。桑梨皮用蜜煮，能润燥缓解咽喉干燥；紫花梨生吃，能清除胸膈的结热。其他的青皮梨、香水梨、棠梨、茅梨，虽然品种繁多，但未听说能入药。不要随意多吃，会让人脾胃受寒。产妇切忌食用，金疮（外伤出血）患者也不适宜。这些都属于血虚体质不宜的情况，所以不要误犯。梨叶煮水可以治疗霍乱，也可以作为饯行时调理风邪的饮品。
（陈嘉谟）按语：梨性冷利，食用对人无益。对酒病效果很好，所以被称为快果。吃得少难以治病，吃多了则损伤脾脏。凡是用它，必须斟酌适量。朱丹溪说：梨就是“利”，意思是流利下行的作用。
[Plum Fruit]
Taste: Sour. Qi: Neutral. Capable of ascending and descending, belongs to Yang. Non-toxic. Planted everywhere, harvested in summer. Those dried by fire smoke are black; those dried by sun exposure are white. Due to two processing methods, the names differ. When used, pits must be removed. Wu Mei (Smoked Plum) astringes Lung Qi, relieves thirst, and eliminates vexation. By astringing the Large Intestine, it stops dysentery and diarrhea. It expels Cold Damage (Shanghan) and Warm Malaria, and drives out bone-steaming from deficiency consumption. Made into pills with Jian Cha (Jian Tea) and Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), it is particularly effective for treating Xiu Xi Li (chronic/recurrent dysentery). It can remove black moles and calm worm pain. Bai Mei (White Plum) pounded into paste, applied externally to attack toxic sores. Most effective for treating Ru Yong (Breast Abscess) in women, extracting arrowheads from flesh with miraculous effect. For Zhong Feng (Wind Stroke) causing locked jaw, rub the fruit flesh on the area urgently. Boiled juice of Ye (Leaves) taken orally also cures chronic dysentery.
[Pear]
Taste: Sweet, slightly sour. Qi: Cold. Non-toxic. Grown near and far, with distinct varieties. E Li (Goose Pear) comes from Jing Jun, has thin skin and abundant juice, best aroma but short flavor; Ru Li (Milk Pear, now called Sydney Pear) comes from Xuancheng (in Nanzhili), has thick skin and solid flesh, inferior aroma but lasting flavor. Physicians inherit that these two are superior. Both resolve Jiu Bing (Alcohol intoxication/disease) and relieve thirst, all stop coughing and eliminate phlegm. Remove Ke Re (Exogenous heat) from Xin Jing (Heart Meridian), drive Fan Re (Vexatious heat) from Fei Zang (Lung Organ). Xiao Li (Xiao Pear) is produced in Xiaoxian (in Shandong), crushed juice treats Zhong Feng Shi Yin (Wind Stroke with loss of voice); Lu Li (Deer Pear) grows in Xinzhou (in Shanxi), bark treats Chuang Xuan Jie Lai (Sores, Tinea, Scabies, Leprosy). Sang Li (Mulberry Pear) bark boiled with Honey moistens dry throat; Zi Hua Li (Purple Flower Pear) eaten raw clears Jie Re (Knotted heat) in Xiong Ge (Chest and Diaphragm). Other varieties like Qing Pi Li, Xiang Shui Li, Tang Li, Mao Li, though numerous, are not heard of as entering medicine. Do not eat indiscriminately, as it causes Han Zhong (Cold in the Middle Jiao/Spleen-Stomach). Contraindicated for Chan Fu (Postpartum women), unsuitable for Jin Chuang (Metal wounds/traumatic bleeding). All belong to Blood Deficiency patterns, so do not mistakenly consume. Ye (Leaves) boiled can treat Huo Luan (Cholera/Rapid vomiting and diarrhea), and can also serve as a parting gift to treat Wind.
(Mo) Commentary: Pear nature is cold and purgative, eating does not benefit humans. Excellent for alcohol disease, hence called Kuai Guo (Pleasant Fruit). Eating little cannot cure disease, eating much damages Spleen. In all uses, one must deliberate carefully. Dan Xi said: Pear means "Li" (Benefit/Flow), referring to the property of flowing freely and moving downward.