味甘涩。气平。入足太阴少阴经。主治益精气强志。开胃助气。益脾实肠。固精。治
小便不禁。遗精白浊带下。疗湿痹腰脊膝痛。止泻固精。独于脾肾得力。先后天之根本咸赖
焉。（士材）君山药茯苓白术人参莲肉薏仁扁豆。为补脾胃要药。一味捣烂曝干。再捣筛末。
熬金樱子膏和丸。服之补下元。益人。四精丸。治思虑色欲过度。损伤心气。小便数。遗精
用秋石白茯苓芡实莲肉各二两。为末。蒸枣和丸。梧子大。每服三十丸。空心盐汤下。厘清
丸。治浊。用芡实茯苓二粉。黄蜡化蜜和丸。梧子大。每服百丸。盐汤下。
〔论〕 芡生于水中。五六月作花紫色。开花向日。向日结苞。夫产于水中者。类受阴
气。
于阴
惟其有
经。而
生食味涩。动风冷气。小儿不宜多食。（仲淳）
〔修治〕 新者煮食良。入涩精药。连壳用亦可。
入药惟取侧柏。乃叶扁而侧生者。三月开花。九月结子。霜后采。
柏子仁
气味甘而微辛。性润。肝经气分药。亦入心肾。主治惊悸。益气养心气。益血润肝
恍惚虚损吸吸。治腰肾中冷。润肾燥及老人虚秘。烧沥。泽头发。治疥癣。方书治虚劳
遗精白浊。痿痹挛痫。惊恐颤振。胁痛消瘅。盗汗便秘。关格。及目疾。治惊痫及大
色者。盖肝木受制。怒则乘其所胜。是以青白之色见于便。而惊从脏发。匪实奚宜。
老人虚秘。柏仁松仁大麻仁等分。同研。熔蜜蜡丸梧子大。以少黄丹汤调。食前服三
日二。女子经水虚涩。八珍汤倍用酒洗当归。加柏仁红花。神效。
缪氏。体性多油。肠滑作泻。及膈间多。痰者。勿服。肾有热。阳道数举者。亦忌之。
〔修治〕 微炒去油。已油者勿用。
侧柏叶
宜随月建方采取。取其多得月令之气也。（朱丹溪）气味苦涩而平。其性多燥。与酒
宜。（权）主吐衄便血。及女子血崩。补阴益人。（本于风木得化）能除风湿。疗大风疾须眉
脱落。治冷风历节疼痛。久服之。大益脾土以滋肺。（丹溪）神仙服饵法。五月五日采五方
侧柏叶三斤。远志肉二斤。白茯苓一斤。为末。炼蜜丸梧子大
再。并无所忌。治内风柏叶煎。取近上东向无杂枝者。置甑中
久愈善。水淋数过。阴干煎服。则百病不生。中风不省。涎潮
得病便进此药。可使风退气和。不成废人。柏叶一握。去枝。
酒一升。煎一二十沸。温服。吐血不止。用柏叶一把。干姜二
一升。去渣。别绞马通汁一升合煎。取一升。绵滤。一服尽之
疼痛。柏叶为散。米饮调服二方寸匕。衄血不止。柏叶榴花研
焙研。酒服三钱。大肠下血。随四时方向采侧柏叶烧研。每
嫩柏叶九蒸九晒二两。陈槐花炒黑一两。为末。蜜丸梧子
断。侧柏叶炙芍药等分。每用三钱。水酒各半煎服。此药味苦。多食亦能倒胃。（仲淳）
〔修事〕 或生或炒。随宜。
〔总论〕 万物皆向阳。而柏独西指。盖得木之正气而顺受金制者。故于字从白也。经
言金
天气
本燥
者穷
肺金
生。
之气
升者
阴阳
迥殊
不易
气不
尝尽从
气而结
则血亦
总归之
之母。
由于金
先绝
诸味
下
尔。（须知叶便不能养心气。以木从金化。无母气也。）心气益。肺乃得贯心脉以行呼吸。又
本经之所以谓为益气也。夫自肝和于肺。而俾心血生。肝即合于肺之阴。纾血以归血海。肺
和于心。而俾心气畅。肺即合于心之阳。以归命门。然则兹味于后天血气之化源。若有当焉
者矣。（所以疗恍惚虚损吸吸）统而参之。肝合于肺。肺合于心。以化血化气化精。从后天
以
味
与
芡实味甘、涩，气平。归足太阴脾经和足少阴肾经。主治补益精气、强健意志，开胃助气，健脾实肠，固精。治疗小便不禁、遗精、白浊、带下。疗治湿痹引起的腰脊膝痛，止泻固精。独独对脾肾两脏得力，先后天的根本都依赖于此。（士材）以山药、茯苓、白术、人参、莲肉、薏仁、扁豆为君药，是补脾胃的要药。单用一味芡实捣烂晒干，再捣成细末，熬金樱子膏和丸服用，能补下元，有益于人。四精丸，治疗思虑色欲过度损伤心气，导致的小便频数、遗精。用秋石、白茯苓、芡实、莲肉各二两，研为细末，蒸枣调和为丸，如梧桐子大。每次服三十丸，空腹时盐汤送下。厘清丸，治疗白浊。用芡实粉、茯苓粉，黄蜡化开加蜜调和为丸，如梧桐子大。每次服一百丸，盐汤送下。
〔论〕 芡实生长在水中，五六月开花，花色紫红。花开向太阳，向阳结苞。凡产于水中的植物，多受阴气影响。生食味道涩，易动风冷气，小儿不宜多吃。（仲淳）
〔修治〕 新鲜的芡实煮食效果好。入固涩精气的药中，连壳使用也可以。
入药只取侧柏，即叶子扁平且侧面生长的品种。三月开花，九月结子。霜降后采收。
柏子仁气味甘而微辛，性润。是入肝经气分的药物，也入心、肾经。主治惊悸，益气养心气，益血润肝，治疗恍惚、虚损、呼吸短促。治腰肾寒冷，润肾燥及老人虚秘。烧沥（柏子仁油），润泽头发，治疥癣。方书记载治疗虚劳遗精白浊，痿痹挛痫，惊恐颤振，胁痛消瘅，盗汗便秘，关格，以及眼疾。治疗惊痫及面色青白者。这是因为肝木受制，怒则乘其所胜，所以青色和白色出现在大便中，惊从内脏发出，若非实证何宜如此？老人虚秘，用柏仁、松仁、大麻仁等分，同研，熔化蜜蜡为丸，如梧桐子大，用少量黄丹汤调服，饭前服二三丸。女子经血虚涩，八珍汤加倍使用酒洗当归，加柏仁、红花，神效。
缪氏认为，体质多油、肠滑作泻及膈间多痰者，勿服。肾有热、阳道频繁勃起者，也忌用。
〔修治〕 微炒去油，已出油的不要使用。
侧柏叶宜随月建方位采取，取其多得月令之气。（朱丹溪）气味苦涩而平，其性多燥，与酒相宜。（权）主吐衄便血，及女子血崩，补阴益人。（本于风木得化）能除风湿，疗大风疾须眉脱落，治冷风历节疼痛。久服之，大益脾土以滋肺。（丹溪）神仙服饵法：五月五日采五方侧柏叶三斤，远志肉二斤，白茯苓一斤，研为细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，再服，并无禁忌。治内风柏叶煎：取近上东向无杂枝者，置甑中，水淋数过，阴干煎服，则百病不生。中风不省人事，涎潮得病便进此药，可使风退气和，不成废人。柏叶一握，去枝，酒一升，煎一二十沸，温服。吐血不止，用柏叶一把，干姜二两，水一升，去渣，别绞马通汁一升合煎，取一升，绵滤，一服尽之。疼痛，柏叶为散，米饮调服二方寸匕。衄血不止，柏叶榴花研焙研，酒服三钱。大肠下血，随四时方向采侧柏叶烧研，每服嫩柏叶九蒸九晒二两，陈槐花炒黑一两，为末，蜜丸梧子大。断，侧柏叶炙芍药等分，每用三钱，水酒各半煎服。此药味苦，多食亦能倒胃。（仲淳）
〔修事〕 或生或炒，随宜。
〔总论〕 万物皆向阳，而柏独西指。盖得木之正气而顺受金制者，故于字从白也。经言金天气本燥者穷，肺金生之气升者阴阳迥殊，不易气不从尝尽，则血亦总归之母。由于金先绝诸味下尔。（须知叶便不能养心气，以木从金化，无母气也。）心气益，肺乃得贯心脉以行呼吸。又本经之所以谓为益气也。夫自肝和于肺，而俾心血生。肝即合于肺之阴，纾血以归血海。肺和于心，而俾心气畅。肺即合于心之阳，以归命门。然则兹味于后天血气之化源，若有当焉者矣。（所以疗恍惚虚损吸吸）统而参之，肝合于肺，肺合于心，以化血化气化精，从后天以味与……
Qian Shi (Euryale Seed) has a sweet and astringent taste, and a neutral qi. It enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Its main indications include benefiting essence and qi, strengthening willpower, opening the stomach and assisting qi, strengthening the spleen and solidifying the intestines, and consolidating essence. It treats urinary incontinence, spermatorrhea, leukorrhea with turbid discharge, and vaginal discharge. It treats damp-bi syndrome causing pain in the lower back, spine, waist, and knees, stops diarrhea, and consolidates essence. It exerts its effect uniquely on the Spleen and Kidney meridians; the roots of both the Pre-heaven and Post-heaven are dependent upon it. (Shi Cai) Using Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fu Ling (Poria), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Semen), Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen), and Bian Dou (Phaseoli Semen) as sovereign drugs constitutes an essential prescription for tonifying the Spleen and Stomach. Using only Qian Shi alone, pounded into a paste, sun-dried, then pounded into fine powder, mixed with Jin Ying Zi (Rosa Laevigatae Fructus) paste and formed into pills, taken orally, can tonify the Lower Yuan and benefit the person. Si Jing Wan (Four Essence Pills) treats excessive thinking and sexual desire that damage Heart Qi, leading to frequent urination and spermatorrhea. Use Qiu Shi (Lithii Carbonas), Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Qian Shi (Euryale Seed), and Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Semen), each two liang, pounded into powder. Mix with steamed dates and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, with salt water on an empty stomach. Li Qing Wan (Clarifying Turbidity Pills) treats turbid discharge. Use Qian Shi (Euryale Seed) powder and Fu Ling (Poria) powder, melt Huang La (Beeswax), mix with honey, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take one hundred pills per dose, with salt water.
[Discussion] Qian Shi grows in water. It flowers in the fifth and sixth lunar months with purple flowers. The flowers face the sun, and the capsules develop facing the sun. Plants produced in water generally receive Yin Qi. Raw consumption has an astringent taste and generates wind-cold qi; children should not eat it in large quantities. (Zhong Chun)
[Processing] Fresh Qian Shi is good when boiled and eaten. When used in astringent prescriptions for essence, using it with the shell is also acceptable.
For medicinal use, only Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) is taken, specifically the variety with flat leaves growing on the side. It flowers in the third lunar month and bears fruit in the ninth lunar month. Harvest after frost.
Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi Semen) has a sweet and slightly pungent taste, and a moist nature. It is a drug entering the Qi aspect of the Liver Meridian, and also enters the Heart and Kidney meridians. It mainly treats palpitations due to fright, benefits Qi and nourishes Heart Qi, benefits blood, moistens the Liver, treats mental confusion, deficiency and wasting-thirst syndrome, and shortness of breath. It treats coldness in the lower back and kidneys, moistens Kidney dryness, and treats constipation due to deficiency in the elderly. Burning it yields oil (Baizi Ren Zhi), which moistens hair and treats scabies and tinea. Medical texts treat deficiency labor with spermatorrhea and turbid discharge, flaccidity-bi, spasms, epilepsy, fright, tremors, hypochondriac pain, Xiao Dao (wasting-thirst syndrome), night sweats, constipation, Guan Ge (dysphagia and vomiting), and eye diseases. It treats epilepsy and cases where the complexion is blue-white. This is because Liver Wood is constrained; anger causes it to overcome what it conquers, hence blue and white colors appear in the stool, and fright originates from the zang organs. For elderly constipation due to deficiency, use equal parts of Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi Semen), Song Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), and Da Ma Ren (Cannabis Semen). Grind them together, melt honey and beeswax, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take two or three pills before meals, adjusted with a small amount of Huang Dan (Minii Oxidum Red) decoction. For women with deficient and scanty menstruation, use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasure Decoction) with doubled Jiu Xi Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Radix washed with wine), plus Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi Semen) and Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), which is miraculous.
Mou Shi stated that those with oily constitutions, slippery intestines causing diarrhea, and phlegm in the chest diaphragm should not take it. Those with Heat in the Kidney and frequent erections should also avoid it.
[Processing] Lightly stir-fry to remove oil; do not use if already oiled.
Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) should be harvested according to the monthly direction to obtain more of the Qi of the seasonal command. (Zhu Danxi) It has a bitter and astringent taste and a neutral nature, with a predominantly drying property. It is compatible with wine. (Quan) It mainly treats hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, and metrorrhagia in women, benefiting Yin. (Originating from Wind-Wood transformation) It can dispel wind-dampness, treat severe wind diseases causing loss of eyebrows and beard, and treat cold-wind Li Jie pain. Long-term consumption greatly benefits Earth (Spleen) to nourish Metal (Lungs). (Danxi) The Immortals' ingestion method: Harvest Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) from five directions on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, three jin; Yuan Zhi Rou (Polygalae Radix flesh), two jin; Bai Fu Ling (Poria), one jin. Pound into powder, refine honey, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Taking this again has no taboos. To treat internal wind, prepare Ce Bai Ye decoction: Select branches near the top facing east without miscellaneous branches, place in a steamer, pour water over them several times, dry in shade, and decoct to drink; then all diseases will not arise. For stroke with unconsciousness and salivary flooding, administer this medicine immediately upon onset of disease, allowing wind to retreat and Qi to harmonize, preventing becoming disabled. Take one handful of Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen), remove branches. Add one sheng of wine, boil for ten to twenty boils, and take warm. For unceasing hematemesis, use one bunch of Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen), two liang of Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), one sheng of water. Remove dregs, separately squeeze out one sheng of Ma Tong Zhi (Fecalis Humani Succus), combine and decoct, obtain one sheng, filter through silk, take all at once. For pain, make Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) into powder, mix with rice drink, take two fang cun bi. For unceasing epistaxis, grind Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) and Liu Hua (Granati Pericarpium) after roasting, take three qian with wine. For bleeding from the large intestine, harvest Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) according to the four seasons' directions, burn and grind. Each dose: Nine steamings and nine sun-dryings of tender Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen), two liang; Chen Huai Hua (Sophorae Flos fried black), one liang. Pound into powder, mix with honey, form pills the size of wutong seeds. [Text fragment] Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen) and Zhi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba stir-fried) in equal parts. Use three qian per dose, decoct with half water and half wine. This medicine has a bitter taste; consuming too much can reverse the Stomach's function. (Zhong Chun)
[Handling] Either raw or stir-fried, as appropriate.
[General Discussion] All things face the sun, but the Cypress points west. It obtains the upright Qi of Wood and smoothly accepts the control of Metal, hence the character contains 'Bai' (White). The Classics state that Metal's Qi is originally dry... Lung Metal generates Qi... Ascending Qi... Yin and Yang are distinct... Difficult to change... Qi does not follow... Generally conclude... Blood also returns to its mother... Due to Metal first exhausting flavors downward... (Note: Leaves cannot nourish Heart Qi because Wood transforms into Metal, lacking maternal Qi.) When Heart Qi is benefited, the Lung can then penetrate the Heart vessels to perform respiration. This is why the Classic mentions benefiting Qi. From the Liver harmonizing with the Lung, Heart Blood is generated. The Liver combines with the Yin of the Lung, relaxing blood to return to the Sea of Blood. The Lung harmonizes with the Heart, making Heart Qi smooth. The Lung combines with the Yang of the Heart, returning to the Gate of Vitality. Thus, this substance seems appropriate for the source of transformation of Post-heaven Blood and Qi. (Therefore it treats mental confusion, deficiency, and wasting-thirst). Summarizing and considering, the Liver combines with the Lung, the Lung combines with the Heart, to transform Blood, Qi, and Essence, from the Post-heaven using flavor and...