有寒热、潮热、烦热、往来热、皆与伤寒中兼看。如劳役热、温疫热、痰热，伤食、脚
气发
热，皆不得与伤寒初治，误则杀人。生斑、尸疰、劳瘵、鬼疰，皆为寒热发热。盖病本不
同，其标多相似，故举诸例于下。
泻火 气实脉盛，身热烦扰，宜三乙承气汤、凉膈等药下之。热在中，四顺、清凉饮
。在下，八正之类。
凉血 夜热多，或有汗，或鼻衄，身热而便难，四物去芎，加黄连、生地、地骨皮之
类，柴胡、生草、知母。劳热骨蒸，血，青蒿、蛤蚧、鳖甲、小麦。
清气 日热多，热在气分，柴胡饮子、白虎汤。有暑热。从前例。蒸热气，乌梅、秦
艽、柴胡。
清肌 在轻手按之甚热，重手取之不甚热，此热在肌表，宜清之，竹茹、竹叶、地骨
皮、麦门冬之类。
清神 有神气怫郁而热，宜清神散。
抑火升水 热在上而阴水不升，虚火沸腾，宜升阳泻火法，虚者补之。
养阴退阳 初病阳症而失于下，至变似阴而不可下，用白虎之类。
泻黄 因脾热也。实则调胃、泻黄，虚则人参黄 散。
导赤 心热，实则泻心汤，虚则朱砂安神丸。
泻白 肺热，实则凉膈散，虚则人参白虎汤。
泻青 肝热实，柴胡饮子。
滋阴 肾热实则滋肾丸，本滋阴法也。无实不可泻。
下食 有食伤太阴而热，或停食而下之。
导痰 痰液不散，郁结成热，宜导开之。
消积 因积滞而蓄热，当先消积而热自退。
解毒 有丹毒热肿，气郁结滞，并可解散，随证用药。此候欲发疮毒，分六淫治。
镇坠 柴雪、朱砂、琥珀、犀角之□□坠浮溜之火。
益精 阴虚精耗，元气脱者，用滋阴药。
润燥 俱前燥法下。
逐血 有蓄血证，宜下之。
分利 小便降火急速，或有与小便单服。又，解肌生津例、虚者补中例加木通。
水沃 以水沃于外，或令坐水中，当审脉证而行之。
揭越 汗下后，元气虚而下陷，阴阳之气揭薄而不起，为虚热，宜与来复丹、灵砂以
扬之。
与地浆 汗下后，脉躁身热，大渴，饮水不已者，新掘井泉，取水饮之。
消风 有郁冒诸风为热，宜防风通圣、川芎、石膏之类。
清金 有肺燥郁热，或火乘之者，宜清之，白虎加地骨。
补 元气不足，胃气下陷为热，补中益气汤。血虚者加血药。
渍形 血虚气弱，邪不能散。
针 导气。热病汗不出，商阳、合谷、阳谷、侠溪、厉兑、劳宫、腕骨泄血。热无度
不可止，陷谷出血。
从治 药使酒煎，或温热为佐使。
反治 蜜煎乌头之类。
升散 其候欲发斑疹，身热，宜升麻汤等药发之。
凉骨肉分劳瘵热主治药 气血见前。
肝(当归，柴胡) 心(生地，黄连) 脾(芍药、木瓜) 肺(石膏、桑白) 肾(知母、生
地)
膀胱(滑石、泽泻。)
HT 劫 柴胡梅连散∶治骨蒸劳热，三服除根。
胡黄连 柴胡 前胡 乌梅(各三钱)
上咀片，每服三钱。童便一盏，猪胆一枚，猪脊髓一条，韭根白半盏，同煎至七分，不
拘时，候温服。热住后，可别调理。
凡出现寒热、潮热、烦热、往来热等症状，都应结合伤寒病进行综合辨析。诸如劳役所致发热、温疫所致发热、痰热、伤食发热、脚气病引发的发热等，均不可按伤寒初起的方法治疗，若误治则可能致死。生斑疹、尸疰、劳瘵、鬼疰等疾病，也都表现为寒热或发热。这是因为这些疾病的根本病因不同，但外在表现（标）却多有相似之处，因此在下文列举各种病例以供参考。
泻火：若气机实盛、脉象洪大，身体发热且烦躁不安，适宜使用三乙承气汤、凉膈散等药物进行攻下治疗。热邪在中焦，可用四顺清凉饮；热邪在下焦，可用八正散之类。
凉血：夜间发热较多，或有出汗，或鼻出血，身体发热且大便困难，可用四物汤去掉川芎，加入黄连、生地黄、地骨皮等药物，也可加柴胡、生甘草、知母。若是劳热骨蒸、咯血，可用青蒿、蛤蚧、鳖甲、小麦等药。
清气：白天发热较多，热在气分，可用柴胡饮子、白虎汤。若有暑热，参照前例。蒸蒸发热，可用乌梅、秦艽、柴胡。
清肌：轻手按压皮肤感觉很热，重手按压则热度不明显，这是热在肌表，适宜清热，可用竹茹、竹叶、地骨皮、麦门冬等药物。
抑火升水：热邪在上而阴液不能上承，导致虚火沸腾，适宜用升阳泻火法，虚证则予以补益。
养阴退阳：初起为阳证却误用攻下法，导致病情变化似阴证而不可再攻下，可用白虎汤之类。
泻黄：因脾热引起。实证用调胃承气汤或泻黄散，虚证用人参黄芪散。
滋阴：肾经热盛实证用滋肾丸，这属于滋阴之法。若无实证则不可攻泻。
解毒：有丹毒红肿，气机郁结阻滞，均可疏散解结，随证用药。此症欲发疮毒时，按六淫致病原则治疗。
镇坠：用柴胡、朱砂、琥珀、犀角等药物镇压浮越之火。（注：原文“柴雪”疑为笔误或特定用法，此处依语境保留或理解为相关药材，“□□”为缺字，意译为镇压）。
分利：小便排泄能迅速降火，有时可单用小便利尿药。另外，解肌生津例、虚证补中例中加木通。
揭越：汗法或下法之后，元气虚弱而下陷，阴阳之气薄弱而不能振奋，导致虚热，适宜用复元丹、灵砂等药以提振阳气。
与地浆：汗下之后，脉象躁动、身体发热、极度口渴、饮水不止者，取新挖掘的井泉水饮用。
消风：有郁冒诸风邪化为热者，适宜用防风通圣散、川芎、石膏等药物。
清金：有肺燥郁热，或火邪乘袭者，适宜清热，可用白虎汤加地骨皮。
补：元气不足，胃气下陷而发热，用补中益气汤。血虚者加补血药。
针：导引气机。热病汗不出，针刺商阳、合谷、阳谷、侠溪、厉兑、劳宫、腕骨穴放血。热势极盛不可遏制，刺陷谷穴出血。
肝（当归，柴胡） 心（生地，黄连） 脾（芍药、木瓜） 肺（石膏、桑白皮） 肾（知母、生地）
膀胱（滑石、泽泻）。
HT 劫（此处“HT”疑为方剂名缩写或误植，结合下文应为某方剂）：柴胡梅连散：治疗骨蒸劳热，服用三服可除根。
胡黄连、柴胡、前胡、乌梅（各三钱）。
以上切碎，每服三钱。用童便一盏、猪胆一枚、猪脊髓一条、韭根白半盏，同煎至七分，不拘时候，温服。热退后，可另行调理。
Any occurrence of chills and fever (Hanre), tidal fever (Chaore), vexing heat (Fanre), or alternating hot and cold sensations (Wanglai Re) should be comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with Shanghan disease (Cold Damage). For instance, fever caused by overwork (Laoyi Re), epidemic febrile diseases (Wenyi Re), phlegm-heat (Tanre), food stagnation (Shangshi), and heat induced by gout (Jiaoqi) must not be treated initially as one would treat the onset of Shanghan. Misdiagnosis may prove fatal. Conditions such as macule eruption (Shengban), corpse infection (Shizhu), consumptive disease (Laozhai), and ghost infection (Guizhu) also manifest as chills, fever, or heat. This is because although their root causes differ, their superficial manifestations are often similar. Therefore, various examples are listed below for reference.
**Clearing Fire (Xiehuo):** When Qi is excessive and the pulse is vigorous, accompanied by body heat and restlessness, it is appropriate to use purgatives such as Sanyichengqi Tang (Three-Yi Cinnamon Twig Decoction) or Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder). If the heat is in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), use Sishun Qingliang Yin; if in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), use Bazheng San (Eight-Positive Powder) and similar formulas.
**Cooling Blood (Liangxue):** Nighttime fever is predominant, possibly accompanied by sweating, epistaxis (nosebleed), body heat, and difficult defecation. Use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) removing Chuanxiong, adding Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Shengdihuang (Rehmannia Root), and Digupi (Dogwood Bark); Bupleurum (Chaihu), raw licorice (Shengcao), and Anemarrhena (Zhimu) may also be added. For consumption fever with bone-steaming sensation and hemoptysis, use Qinghao (Artemisia Annua), Gejie (Gecko), Biejia (Turtle Shell), and Xiaomai (Wheat).
**Clearing Qi (Qingqi):** Daytime fever is predominant, indicating heat in the Qi level. Use Chaihu Yinzi (Bupleurum Drink) or Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). In cases of summerheat, refer to previous examples. For steaming heat, use Wumei (Mume Fruit), Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla), and Chaihu (Bupleurum).
**Clearing the Muscle Layer (Qingji):** Light palpation reveals significant heat, while heavy pressure does not, indicating heat in the muscle layer (Jibiao). It is suitable to clear this heat using Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaves), Digupi (Dogwood Bark), and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber).
**Clearing the Spirit (Qingshen):** Heat caused by depression of Shen (Spirit/Qi) is treated with Qingshen San (Clear Spirit Powder).
**Suppressing Fire and Ascending Water:** When heat is in the upper part and Yin water fails to ascend, causing deficiency fire to boil, the method of raising Yang and clearing fire is used; deficiency conditions require tonification.
**Nourishing Yin and Retreating Yang:** Initial Yang syndromes that were mistakenly purged may transform into apparent Yin syndromes where purging is contraindicated. Use Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) and similar formulas.
**Clearing Spleen Heat (Xiehuang):** Caused by Spleen heat. Excess patterns are treated with Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Cinnabar Decoction) or Xiehuang San (Drain Yellow Powder); deficiency patterns are treated with Renshen Huangqi San (Ginseng and Astragalus Powder).
**Guiding Out Heart Fire (Daochi):** Heart heat. Excess patterns are treated with Xiexin Tang (Drain Heart Decoction); deficiency patterns with Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Calming the Spirit Pill).
**Clearing Lung Heat (Xiebai):** Lung heat. Excess patterns are treated with Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder); deficiency patterns with Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction).
**Clearing Liver Heat (Xieqing):** Liver heat excess pattern is treated with Chaihu Yinzi (Bupleurum Drink).
**Nourishing Yin (Ziyin):** Kidney heat excess pattern is treated with Zishen Wan (Nourish Kidney Pill), which follows the principle of nourishing Yin. Non-excess patterns should not be purged.
**Purgative for Food (Xiashi):** Heat caused by food injury to the Taiyin meridian, or heat due to retained food requiring purgation.
**Guiding Phlegm (Daotan):** Undissipated phlegm fluid condenses and generates heat; it should be guided out and resolved.
**Eliminating Accumulation (Xiaoji):** Heat accumulated due to stagnation should first be addressed by eliminating the accumulation, after which the heat will subside naturally.
**Detoxifying (Jiedu):** Erysipelas (Dandu) with redness and swelling, or Qi stagnation and blockage, can be dispersed according to symptoms. If sores and toxins are about to erupt, treat according to the Six Evils (Liuyin).
**Sedating/Descending (Zhenzhui):** Use herbs such as Chaihu (note: original text says "Chai Xue", likely a variant or error, interpreted here contextually), Zhusha (Cinnabar), Hupo (Amber), and Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn - *Note: Modern practice substitutes with Buffalo Horn*) to suppress floating and wandering fire.
**Benefiting Essence (Yijing):** For Yin deficiency with essence depletion and collapse of Yuan Qi, use Yin-nourishing medicines.
**Moistening Dryness (Runzao):** Refer to the previously mentioned methods for moistening dryness.
**Expelling Blood Stasis (Zhuxue):** Blood stasis syndrome requires purgation.
**Separating and Promoting Urination (Fenli):** Urination rapidly reduces fire; sometimes diuretics alone are sufficient. Additionally, in the "Release Muscle and Generate Fluids" example and the "Tonify Middle for Deficiency" example, add Mutong (Akebia Stem).
**Water Application (Shuiwo):** Pour water on the exterior or have the patient sit in water, but only after carefully assessing the pulse and symptoms.
**Raising and Dispersing (Jieyue):** After sweating or purging, if Yuan Qi is deficient and sinks, causing Yin and Yang Qi to become thin and unable to rise, resulting in deficiency heat, use Fuyuan Dan (Restore Vitality Pill) or Lingsha (Calamine/Cinnabar mixture) to uplift them.
**Earth Slurry (Yu Dijiang):** After sweating or purging, if the pulse is rapid, body heat persists, thirst is extreme, and drinking water does not quench it, drink fresh well water from a newly dug well.
**Dispersing Wind (Xiaofeng):** Heat generated from wind pathogens causing dizziness and oppression is treated with Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Wind-Protecting Universal Rescue Powder), Chuanxiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
**Clearing Metal (Qingjin):** Lung dryness with stagnant heat or fire invasion is cleared using Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) plus Digupi (Dogwood Bark).
**Tonification (Bu):** Insufficiency of Yuan Qi or sinking of Stomach Qi causing heat is treated with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). Add blood-tonifying herbs for blood deficiency.
**Soaking the Form (Zixing):** For blood deficiency and Qi weakness where pathogens cannot be dispersed.
**Acupuncture (Zhen):** To guide Qi. For febrile diseases with inability to sweat, bleed at Shangyang (LI1), Hegu (LI4), Yanggu (SI7), Xiaxi (GB43), Lidui (ST45), Laogong (PC8), and Wanggu (SI4). For uncontrolled high fever, bleed at Xian Gu (ST43).
**Following Treatment (Congzhi):** Decoct herbs with wine, or use warm/hot herbs as assistants.
**Contrary Treatment (Fanzhi):** Use honey-fried Aconite (Wutou) and similar preparations.
**Raising and Dispersing (Shengsan):** When the condition is about to manifest macules or rashes with body heat, use Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction) to disperse.
**Cooling Bone and Flesh Layer for Consumptive Fever:** Principles regarding Qi and Blood are stated above.
Liver (Danggui, Chaihu) | Heart (Shengdi, Huanglian) | Spleen (Shaoyao, Mugua) | Lung (Shigao, Sangbaipi) | Kidney (Zhimu, Shengdi)
Bladder (Huashi, Zexie).
**Formula: Chaihu Meilian San:** Treats bone-steaming consumption fever; three doses can eradicate the root cause.
*Ingredients:*
Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Rhizome), Chaihu (Bupleurum), Qianhu (Peucedanum), Wumei (Mume Fruit) — each 3 qian.
*Preparation:*
Cut into slices. Take 3 qian per dose. Decoct with 1 cup of child's urine, 1 pig gallbladder, 1 pig spinal cord, and half a cup of Chinese leek root white. Boil until reduced to 70%. Take warm at any time. After the heat subsides, proceed with further regulation.