巢氏病源云∶小儿始生，肌肤未实，宜单衣不宜暖衣，暖则筋骨缓弱，易发疮疡。宜旧
絮不宜新绵，新则汗出表虚，易受寒邪。宜见地气，尤宜见风日，不见地气风日，则肌肤柔
软，易得损伤。尝见富贵之家，重 叠被，日在怀抱中，虽数岁亦未能行，而田舍小儿终日暴
露，或饥或寒，绝无他病。譬如草木，生于深山峻谷及大泽中，容易合抱，至园圃奇材异卉，
纵加培壅，多有秀而不实者。岂贵贱之理有异哉。
小儿精要云∶初生小儿，不得用油腻手绷裹，春忌覆顶裹足，夏忌饮冷食冰，冬忌火炙
衣被。要得小儿安，常受饥与寒。真至言也。
又云∶小儿肠胃脆窄，若稠粘干硬，酸咸辛辣，一切鱼肉水果，湿面烧炙，煨炒煎 ，俱
是发热难化之物，皆宜禁绝。妇人无知，畏其啼哭，无所不与，积成痼疾，虽悔何及。语云∶
惜儿须惜食。记之记之。
养子真诀云∶吃热莫吃冷，吃软莫吃硬，吃少莫吃多。真妙法也。
又云∶乳子须调护，看承莫纵驰。乳多终损胃，食旧即伤脾。衾浓非为益，衣单政所宜。
无风频见日，寒暑顺天时。
鸡粪涂儿脐中，极佳，男雌女雄。
初生夜啼，用灯花烧灰涂乳，或用灯花四五丸捻烂，以灯心汤化下，即安。
牛甲为末，调敷脐上，即安。
黄连一钱五分，姜汁炙，人参一钱五分，甘草五分，竹叶二十片，作二剂，每剂加姜一
片，水煎服。
儿月内啼者，用真牛黄、飞辰砂极细末各五厘，涂儿舌上，立止。
巢元方在《诸病源候论》中记载：婴儿刚出生时，肌肤尚未结实，应当穿单层衣服而不宜穿厚暖的衣服，因为穿得太暖会使筋骨松弛软弱，容易引发疮疡。应当使用旧棉絮而不宜用新棉花，因为新棉花吸汗会导致体表虚弱，容易受寒邪侵袭。应当让婴儿接触地面之气，尤其应当接触风和阳光，如果不接触地面之气和风雨阳光，则肌肤会变得柔软脆弱，容易受到损伤。我曾见过富贵人家，给婴儿层层叠叠地盖厚被，整天抱在怀里，即使到了几岁还不会走路；而农家小儿整天暴露在野外，有时饥饿有时寒冷，却完全没有其他疾病。这就像草木一样，生长在深山峻谷和大泽之中，很容易长到合抱那么粗；而在园圃中的奇花异草，纵然加以培育壅土，大多也只开花不结果。难道是因为贵贱的道理不同吗？
《小儿精要》中说：初生的婴儿，不能用油腻的手去包裹束缚，春季忌讳覆盖头顶和包裹双脚，夏季忌讳喝冷饮吃冰，冬季忌讳用火烘烤衣物和被褥。要想让婴儿平安健康，就要让他经常忍受一点饥饿和寒冷。这是非常至理的名言。
又说：婴儿的肠胃脆嫩狭窄，如果食物稠粘、干硬，以及酸咸辛辣、一切鱼肉水果、湿面、烧烤、煨炒煎炸的食物，都是容易发热且难以消化的东西，都应当禁止食用。有些妇人无知，害怕婴儿啼哭，什么都给吃，最终积成顽固的疾病，到时候后悔也来不及了。俗话说：“爱惜孩子就要爱惜他的饮食。”请记住，请记住。
《养子真诀》中说：吃热的不要吃冷的，吃软的不要吃硬的，吃少的不要吃多的。这是非常奥妙的法则。
又说：哺乳期的婴儿需要调护，照顾时要小心不要放纵懈怠。乳汁过多终究会损伤胃，吃剩食就会伤害脾。被子太厚并不是益处，衣服单薄反而适宜。没有风的时候多晒太阳，寒暑变化顺应天时。
用鸡粪涂抹婴儿肚脐中，效果极佳，男婴用雌鸡粪，女婴用雄鸡粪。
针对初生儿的夜啼，将灯心草结的花穗烧成灰涂抹在乳头（或乳房）上，或者取四五粒灯花捻烂，用灯心草汤送服，即可安止。
将牛甲磨成粉末，调和后敷在肚脐上，即可安止。
Chao Yuanfang, in *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases), recorded: When an infant is first born, the skin and flesh are not yet solid. It is advisable to wear single-layer clothing rather than warm clothing; if kept too warm, the sinews and bones will become lax and weak, making the child prone to sores and ulcers. Old cotton wadding should be used rather than new cotton; new cotton induces sweating and causes exterior deficiency, making the child susceptible to cold pathogens. The child should be exposed to the qi of the earth and especially to wind and sunlight. If not exposed to the qi of the earth, wind, and sunlight, the skin and flesh will become soft and delicate, prone to injury. I have seen families of wealth and status who wrap their infants in layers of thick quilts and hold them in their arms all day long, so that even at several years of age, they cannot walk. In contrast, peasant children are exposed to the elements all day, sometimes hungry or cold, yet suffer from no other illnesses. This is like plants and trees: those growing in deep mountains, steep valleys, and large marshes easily grow to a circumference of two arms' embrace, whereas rare and exotic flowers and plants in gardens, despite careful cultivation and mounding of soil, often flower but do not bear fruit. Is this not due to different principles of nobility and baseness?
*Xiao Er Jing Yao* (Essentials for Children) states: For newborns, one must not use oily hands to bind and wrap them. In spring, it is taboo to cover the head and wrap the feet; in summer, it is taboo to drink cold liquids or eat ice; in winter, it is taboo to heat clothes and bedding with fire. To keep a child safe and sound, let them experience hunger and cold regularly. These are truly profound words.
It further states: An infant's stomach and intestines are fragile and narrow. Foods that are thick, sticky, dry, hard, sour, salty, spicy, pungent, as well as all meat, fish, fruits, wet flour, roasted items, baked goods, stir-fries, and fried foods, are all substances that generate heat and are difficult to digest. All such foods should be strictly prohibited. Ignorant women, fearing the child's crying, give them anything they want, eventually accumulating chronic diseases. By then, regretting it is futile. As the saying goes: "To cherish a child is to cherish their diet." Remember this, remember this.
*Yang Zi Zhen Jue* (True Secrets of Raising Children) states: Eat hot food, not cold; eat soft food, not hard; eat small amounts, not large. This is a truly excellent method.
It also states: Nursing infants require careful care and management; attend to them diligently without being negligent. Excessive milk ultimately damages the Stomach; eating leftovers injures the Spleen. Thick quilts are not beneficial; thin clothing is actually appropriate. When there is no wind, expose the child frequently to the sun; follow the natural changes of cold and heat.
Applying chicken manure to the infant's umbilicus is very effective; use hen manure for boys and rooster manure for girls.
For night crying in newborns, burn the flower of the rush stem (*Jieda Hua*) into ash and apply it to the nipple/breast, or take four or five grains of the rush flower, crush them, and dissolve them in water decocted from rush stems (*Xin Cao Tang*) to administer orally; the crying will cease immediately.
Grind ox horn (*Niu Jia*) into powder, mix with an appropriate vehicle, and apply to the umbilicus; the crying will cease immediately.
Take Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 1 qian 5 fen, processed with ginger juice; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian 5 fen; Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 5 fen; Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) 20 leaves. Prepare as two doses. Add one slice of fresh ginger to each dose, decoct in water, and take orally.
For infants under one month old who cry incessantly, take real Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) and Fei Chensha (Prepared Cinnabaris) ground into extremely fine powder, 5 li of each, and apply to the infant's tongue; the crying will stop immediately.