《灵枢·论疾诊尺篇》曰∶大便赤瓣飧泄，脉小者，手足寒，难已；飧泄，脉小，手足温，易已。
下泄而完谷不化，名飧泄，多由虚寒。此言赤瓣，则湿邪伤
血也。脉小本为顺，手足寒，则中阳衰矣，气血两伤，故病难愈；手足温，其中土未伤而邪易去，可愈也。
《灵枢·淫邪发梦篇》帝曰∶愿闻淫邪泮衍奈何？岐伯曰∶正邪从外袭内，而未有定舍，反淫于脏，不
得定处，与营卫俱行，而与魂魄飞扬，使人卧不得安而喜梦。气淫于腑，则有余于外，不足于内；气淫于脏，
则有余于内，不足于外。帝曰∶有余不足有形乎？岐伯曰∶阴气盛，则梦涉大水而恐惧；阳气盛，则梦大火而
燔；阴阳俱盛，则梦相杀；上盛，则梦飞；下盛，则梦堕；甚饥，则梦取；甚饱，则梦予；肝气盛，则梦
怒；肺气盛，则梦恐惧，哭泣飞扬；心气盛，则梦善笑恐畏；脾气盛，则梦歌乐，身体重不举；肾气盛，则梦
腰脊两解不属。凡此十二盛者，至而泻之立已。
泮衍者，漫溢延绵也。正邪谓寻常风寒，而非虚邪贼风之猛厉者，故受之而不甚觉，其邪从外袭内，未有
定舍定处，与营卫之气混淆，卫气昼行于阳，夜行于阴，邪气混乱，而与魂魄飞扬，使人卧不得安而发梦。以
邪淫之处为有余，无邪之处为不足，脏为阴为内，腑为阳为外，邪或在阴在阳，则使阴阳偏亢不和，而心神亦
必不宁。盖神无形而气有形，神者气之体，气者神之用，故气和则神定而安，神动则气乱不顺，是以邪扰其气，
则神变幻而成梦，情欲动神，则气耗伤而致病，以神气本为一物，而分体用者也。
厥气客于心，则梦见丘山烟火；客于肺，则梦飞扬，见金铁之奇物；客于肝，则梦山林树木；客于脾，则梦
见丘陵大泽、坏屋风雨；客于肾，则梦临渊，没居水中；客于膀胱，则梦聚邑冲衢，客于胆，则梦斗讼自刳；
客于阴器，则梦接内；客于项，则梦斩首；客于胫，则梦行走而不能前，及居深地 苑中；客于股肱，则梦礼
节拜起；客于胞 ，则梦泄便。凡此十五不足者，至而补之立已也。
上言客邪之病，故泻之可已。此言厥气者，以自伤本元之气，致阴阳厥逆不和。故凡此十五种梦，皆为不
足之病，而当补其虚，调其阴阳和平，立已也。
《素问·脉要精微论》云∶短虫多，则梦聚众；长虫多，则梦相击毁伤。
短虫、长虫，腹内之蛔虫也。余与《灵枢》同。
《素问·方盛衰论》曰∶肺气虚，则使人梦见白物，见人斩血籍籍，得其时，则梦见兵战；肾气虚，则
使人梦见舟船溺人，得其时，则梦伏水中，若有恐畏；肝气虚，则梦见菌香生草，得其时，则梦伏树下不敢
起；心气虚，则梦救火阳物，得其时，则梦燔灼；脾气虚，则梦饮食不足，得其时，则梦筑垣盖屋。此皆五脏
气虚，阳气有余，阴气不足。合之五诊，调之阴阳，以在《经脉》。
前《灵枢》章言五脏气盛，是邪盛也。此言虚者，本脏阴气不足，阴不足则阳有余，阳主动而变幻成梦也。
盖以五脏禀金木水火土五行之性，故其梦亦各随性之所变现而不同，则必按五行生化之理，延医而调之，其
阴阳方和，要在使经脉流行升降，循度不失而后已。言得其时者，得时令之旺气也，如肺金旺于秋，或遇庚辛
之日时，虽非秋令，亦为得其时，余脏皆然。而
《灵》、《素》各篇，皆有言因病发梦，大同小异，总不外阴阳五行之气偏亢不和之所致，而其因则有外邪、
内伤，或虚或实之异，故临证者亦可因其梦象，以察识其所病，故汇集以广延医之法也。
《灵枢·论疾诊尺篇》说：大便排出带有赤色瓣块的完谷不化之泄泻（飧泄），脉象细小，手足寒冷，难以治愈；若是飧泄，脉象细小但手足温暖，则容易治愈。
下利且食物完全不消化，称为飧泄，多由虚寒引起。这里提到“赤瓣”，说明湿邪损伤了血分。脉小本属顺证，但若手足寒冷，则是中焦阳气衰败，气血两伤，所以病难痊愈；若手足温暖，说明中土脾胃未受损伤而邪气易去，可以治愈。
《灵枢·淫邪发梦篇》黄帝问：希望听闻淫邪漫溢延绵的情况是怎样的？岐伯回答：正邪从外部侵袭体内，还没有固定的居所，反而侵扰五脏，没有定处，与营气和卫气一同运行，并与魂魄一起飞扬，使人睡眠不安稳而喜欢做梦。气淫溢于六腑，则外部有余而内部不足；气淫溢于五脏，则内部有余而外部不足。黄帝问：有余和不足有具体的表现吗？岐伯说：阴气盛，就会梦见渡大水而感到恐惧；阳气盛，就会梦见大火燃烧；阴阳都盛，就会梦见互相杀戮；上部气盛，就会梦见飞翔；下部气盛，就会梦见坠落；极度饥饿，就会梦见索取；极度饱胀，就会梦见给予；肝气盛，就会梦见发怒；肺气盛，就会梦见恐惧、哭泣或飞翔；心气盛，就会梦见爱笑或惊恐畏惧；脾气盛，就会梦见唱歌快乐，身体沉重无法抬起；肾气盛，就会梦见腰脊分离不相连接。以上这十二种气盛的情况，到来时采用泻法治疗即可立即痊愈。
所谓“泮衍”，是指漫溢延绵的意思。正邪指的是寻常的风寒，而不是虚邪贼风那样猛烈厉害的邪气，所以受到它而不甚察觉，其邪气从外部侵袭内部，没有固定的居所和位置，与营卫之气混淆。卫气白天行于阳分，夜晚行于阴分，邪气混乱，与魂魄一起飞扬，使人睡眠不得安宁而引发梦境。以邪气淫溢的地方为有余，没有邪气的地方为不足。脏属于阴属于内，腑属于阳属于外，邪气或在阴或在阳，就会使阴阳偏亢而不调和，心神也必然不能宁静。大概神是无形的，气是有形的，神是气的本体，气是神的作用，所以气和平则神安定而安稳，神动荡则气混乱而不顺，因此邪气扰乱气，神就变幻而成梦，情欲触动神，气就耗伤而致病，因为神和气本来是一物，只是分为体和用罢了。
厥逆之气客居于心，就会梦见山丘烟火；客居于肺，就会梦见飞翔，见到金银铁器等奇异之物；客居于肝，就会梦见山林树木；客居于脾，就会梦见丘陵大泽、破屋风雨；客居于肾，就会梦见临近深渊，身处水中淹没；客居于膀胱，就会梦见聚集城邑冲撞街道；客居于胆，就会梦见争斗诉讼或自杀割裂；客居于阴器，就会梦见性交；客居于项部，就会梦见被斩首；客居于小腿，就会梦见行走但不能前进，以及居住在深地苑囿中；客居于大腿和手臂，就会梦见礼节性的拜起动作；客居于胞宫（此处指下焦泌尿生殖系统相关部位），就会梦见大小便排泄。以上这十五种气虚的情况，到来时采用补法治疗即可立即痊愈。
上面所说的客邪致病，所以用泻法可以治愈。这里所说的厥气，是因为自我损伤了本元之气，导致阴阳厥逆不和。所以以上这十五种梦境，都是不足的病证，应当补其虚弱，调理阴阳使其平和，即可立即痊愈。
《素问·脉要精微论》说：短虫多，就会梦见聚集众人；长虫多，就会梦见互相击打毁伤。
短虫、长虫，就是腹内的蛔虫。这与《灵枢》的观点相同。
《素问·方盛衰论》说：肺气虚，就会使人梦见白色物体，看见人斩杀流血众多，如果得其时令旺气，就会梦见兵战；肾气虚，就会使人梦见舟船溺人，如果得其时令旺气，就会梦见伏在水下，好像有恐惧畏惧之感；肝气虚，就会梦见菌香生长之草，如果得其时令旺气，就会梦见伏在树下不敢起身；心气虚，就会梦见救火或阳刚之物，如果得其时令旺气，就会梦见焚烧灼热；脾气虚，就会梦见饮食不足，如果得其时令旺气，就会梦见筑墙盖屋。这些都是五脏气虚，阳气有余，阴气不足。结合五诊，调理阴阳，依据《经脉》篇的理论。
前文《灵枢》章节讲的是五脏气盛，这是邪气盛。这里讲虚证，是本脏阴气不足，阴不足则阳有余，阳主动而变幻成梦。大概因为五脏禀赋金木水火土五行之性，所以它们的梦境也各自随着本性所变现而不同，必须按照五行生化的道理，请医生来调理，这样阴阳才能调和，关键在于使经脉流行升降，遵循规律不失度而后停止。所谓“得其时”，是指得到时令的旺气。例如肺金旺于秋季，或者遇到庚辛日之时，虽然不是秋季，也算得其时，其他脏腑也是如此。而《灵枢》、《素问》各篇，都有因病发梦的说法，大同小异，总不外乎阴阳五行之气偏亢不和所致，而其病因则有外邪、内伤，或虚或实的区别，所以临证时也可以根据梦境形象，来察识其所患疾病，因此汇集这些内容以推广诊疗方法。
*Ling Shu · Lun Ji Zhen Chi Pian* states: In cases of *sun xie* (diarrhea with undigested food) where stool contains red,瓣-like fragments, if the pulse is small and the hands and feet are cold, the disease is difficult to cure; if it is *sun xie*, the pulse is small but the hands and feet are warm, the disease is easy to cure.
Lower bowel discharge with complete lack of digestion of food is called *sun xie*, mostly caused by deficiency-cold. The mention of "red fragments" here indicates that dampness pathogen has injured the blood level. A small pulse is originally a favorable sign; however, if the hands and feet are cold, it means the middle Jiao Yang Qi (Middle Burner Defensive Warmth) is declining, leading to injury of both Qi and Blood, thus the disease is hard to heal; if the hands and feet are warm, it indicates that the Middle Earth (Spleen/Stomach) is not injured and pathogens can be easily expelled, so recovery is possible.
In *Ling Shu · Yin Xie Fa Meng Pian*, the Emperor asked: I wish to hear about how excessive pathogens spread and overflow. Qibo replied: Regular pathogens invade from outside into the interior, without a fixed abode, instead invading the Zang organs, having no fixed location, moving together with Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, and flying with the Hun and Po spirits, causing restless sleep and frequent dreaming. If Qi overflows in the Fu organs, there is excess on the exterior and deficiency on the interior; if Qi overflows in the Zang organs, there is excess on the interior and deficiency on the exterior. The Emperor asked: Do excess and deficiency have tangible manifestations? Qibo said: When Yin Qi is excessive, one dreams of wading through large waters and feeling fear; when Yang Qi is excessive, one dreams of great fire burning; when both Yin and Yang Qi are excessive, one dreams of mutual killing; when upper body Qi is excessive, one dreams of flying; when lower body Qi is excessive, one dreams of falling; when extremely hungry, one dreams of taking; when extremely full, one dreams of giving; when Liver Qi is excessive, one dreams of anger; when Lung Qi is excessive, one dreams of fear, crying, or flying; when Heart Qi is excessive, one dreams of laughing or being terrified; when Spleen Qi is excessive, one dreams of singing and joy, with a heavy body unable to lift; when Kidney Qi is excessive, one dreams of the waist and spine separating and disconnecting. For these twelve types of Qi excess, applying draining methods upon their arrival will lead to immediate cure.
"Panyan" refers to overflowing and spreading continuously. "Regular pathogens" refer to common wind-cold, not as fierce as deficient pathogens or thieving winds, so infection is not strongly felt. These pathogens invade from outside to inside without a fixed abode, mixing with Ying and Wei Qi. Wei Qi travels in Yang during the day and in Yin at night; pathogenic chaos mixes with the flying Hun and Po spirits, causing unrestful sleep and dreams. Areas where pathogens overflow are considered excess, while areas without pathogens are considered deficiency. Zang organs belong to Yin and interior, Fu organs belong to Yang and exterior. Pathogens in Yin or Yang cause Yin-Yang imbalance and hyperactivity, inevitably disturbing the Shen (Spirit). Generally, Shen is formless, while Qi has form; Shen is the substance of Qi, and Qi is the function of Shen. Therefore, harmonious Qi leads to stable and peaceful Shen, while agitated Shen leads to chaotic Qi. Thus, when pathogens disturb Qi, Shen transforms into dreams; when desires move Shen, Qi is consumed and disease arises, because Shen and Qi are essentially one entity, divided into substance and function.
When Jue (rebellious/cold) Qi lodges in the Heart, one dreams of hills and smoke/fire; lodging in the Lung, one dreams of flying and seeing strange objects like gold, iron, or metal; lodging in the Liver, one dreams of mountains, forests, and trees; lodging in the Spleen, one dreams of hills, large marshes, ruined houses, wind, and rain; lodging in the Kidney, one dreams of approaching abysses and being submerged in water; lodging in the Bladder, one dreams of crowded cities and busy streets; lodging in the Gallbladder, one dreams of fighting, lawsuits, or self-mutilation; lodging in the genitalia, one dreams of sexual intercourse; lodging in the neck, one dreams of decapitation; lodging in the shins, one dreams of walking but unable to advance, or residing in deep underground gardens; lodging in the thighs and arms, one dreams of performing ritual bows and rises; lodging in the Bao (uterus/lower jiao), one dreams of defecation and urination. For these fifteen types of Qi deficiency, applying tonifying methods upon their arrival will lead to immediate cure.
The previously mentioned diseases caused by exogenous pathogens can be cured by draining. The "Jue Qi" mentioned here refers to self-injury of the Yuan (Source) Qi, causing Yin-Yang rebellion and disharmony. Therefore, all fifteen types of dreams described above are deficiency conditions, requiring tonification of deficiency and regulation of Yin-Yang to achieve harmony and immediate cure.
*Sù Wèn · Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun* states: With many short parasites, one dreams of gathering crowds; with many long parasites, one dreams of mutual striking and destruction.
Short and long parasites refer to Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworms) in the abdomen. This aligns with *Ling Shu*.
*Sù Wèn · Fang Sheng Shuai Lun* states: When Lung Qi is deficient, one dreams of white objects, seeing people being slaughtered with abundant blood; if obtaining the prosperous time of the season, one dreams of military battles; when Kidney Qi is deficient, one dreams of boats capsizing and people drowning; if obtaining the prosperous time, one dreams of lying underwater, feeling fear; when Liver Qi is deficient, one dreams of mushrooms and fragrant grass growing; if obtaining the prosperous time, one dreams of lying under trees afraid to rise; when Heart Qi is deficient, one dreams of saving fires or yang objects; if obtaining the prosperous time, one dreams of burning and scorching; when Spleen Qi is deficient, one dreams of insufficient food and drink; if obtaining the prosperous time, one dreams of building walls and roofs. These are all cases of Five Zang Qi deficiency, with excess Yang Qi and deficient Yin Qi. Combined with the five diagnostic methods, regulating Yin and Yang according to the *Jing Mai* (Meridians) chapter.
The previous *Ling Shu* chapter discussed Five Zang Qi excess, which is pathogenic excess. Here, discussing deficiency refers to the deficiency of the organ's own Yin Qi; deficiency of Yin leads to excess of Yang, and Yang, being active, transforms into dreams. Since the Five Zang organs inherit the nature of Metal, Wood, Water, Fire, and Earth, their dreams vary according to these natures. One must follow the principles of Five Elements generation and transformation, consult physicians for regulation, so that Yin and Yang become harmonious. The key lies in ensuring the smooth flow, ascent, and descent of Jing Mai (Meridian) Qi, following proper measures without deviation. "Obtaining the prosperous time" means acquiring the旺盛 (prosperous) Qi of the seasonal timing. For example, Lung Metal is prosperous in Autumn, or on Geng/Xin days/times; even if not Autumn, it is considered obtaining the time. The same applies to other organs. Both *Ling Shu* and *Su Wen* discuss dream induction due to illness, largely similar but with minor differences, all stemming from the imbalance and hyperactivity of Yin-Yang and Five Elements Qi. Etiologies include exogenous pathogens, internal injuries, or variations of deficiency and excess. Therefore, clinicians can identify diseases based on dream imagery, hence compiling these contents to broaden diagnostic methods.