复次， KT 之下左右前后至初步，以五十一字关一百三十六骨，此下至两乳下
分左右，自两足心众骨所会处也。
KT 之下为心蔽骨者一。（无髓。） KT 之左名为胁骨者上下共十二。（居小肠之分也。）
左胁之端，各有胁隐骨者分次亦十二。（无髓。）胁骨之下为季胁骨者共二。（多液。）季胁之
端为季隐骨者共二。（无髓。） KT 之右为肘骨者共十二。（处大肠之分也。）肘骨之下为
肋骨者共二。（各无隐骨，惟兽有之。）右肋之端为肘隐骨者共十二。（无髓。） 骨之前为大
横骨者一。（有势少髓。）横骨之前为白环骨者共二。（有势有液。）白环之前为内辅骨者左右
共二。（有势有液。）内辅之后为骸关骨者左右共二。（有势有液。）骸关之下为犍骨者左右共
二。（有势有液。）犍骨之下为髀枢骨者左右共二。（有势多髓。）髀枢下端膝盖骨者左右共
二。（无势多液。）膝盖左右各有侠升骨者共二。（有势多液。）髀枢之下为 骨者左右共
二。（有势多髓。） 骨之外为辅骨者左右共二。（有势有液。） 骨之下为立骨者左右共
二。（有势有液。）立骨左右各有内外踝骨者共四。（有势少液。）踝骨之前各有下力骨者左右
共十。（有势多液。）踝骨之后各有京骨者左右共二。（有势少液。）下力之前各有释欹骨者共
十。（有势。）释欹之前各有起仆骨者共十。（有
势。）起仆之前各有平助骨者左右各十。（有势。）平助之前各有衬甲骨者左右各十。（无
势少液。）释欹两旁各有核骨者左右共二。（有势多液。）起仆之下各有初步骨者左右共二。
（有势无髓有液，女人则无此骨。）
凡此三百六十五骨也，天地相乘，惟人至灵，其女人则无顶威、骨洞、右棚及
初步等五骨，止有三百六十骨。又男子女人一百九十骨，或隐或衬，或无髓势，余
二百五十六骨并有髓液，以藏诸筋，以会诸脉，溪谷相需而成身形，谓之四大，此骨度之常也。
凡医跌打损伤者，忌用葱，若用葱虽医好，遇天阴伤处必发损作痛。（梁伟士。）
《可法良规》云∶凡伤损之证，乃有形器物所伤，为筋骨受病，当从论。盖血得
热则妄行，其害甚速，须先伐肝火，清运火，砭患处，和经络，则瘀血不致泛注，肌
肉不致遍溃；次则壮脾胃，进饮食，生血气，降阴火，则瘀血易于腐溃，新肉易于
收敛，此要法也。若用克伐之剂，虚者益虚，滞者益滞，祸不旋踵矣。（论瘀血走注。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若棍扑重者，患处虽不破，其肉则死矣。盖内肉糜烂与瘀
血相和，如皮囊盛糊，然其轻者，瘀血必深蓄于内，宜急砭刺，即投大补之剂，否
则大热烦躁，头目胀痛，牙关紧急，殊类破伤风证，此瘀秽内作而然也，急刺之，诸
证悉退。若刺破之后，或有发热恶寒，口干作渴，怔忡惊悸，寤寐不宁，牙关紧急，
目赤头痛，自汗盗汗，寒战切牙，气短喘促，遗尿手撒，身热脉大，按之如无，身
热不欲近衣，或欲投水，或恶寒而脉浮大，重按微细，衣浓仍寒，此气血挟虚使然也。
皆宜参、 、归、术之类急补之，如不应，速加附子，缓则不救，或手足逆冷，肚腹
疼痛，泻利肠鸣，饮食不入，呃逆呕吐，此寒气乘虚而然也，治法同前用药。如有汗
而不恶寒，或无汗而恶寒，口噤足冷，腰背反张，颈项劲强，乃血气虚而发痉也。治
法亦同前用药，少佐见证之剂，此痉证往往误投风药，以致不起者多矣。若果是破
伤风证，亦系元气耗损，外邪乘虚而致，皆宜峻补先固其本为善。妄投风药，祸如反
掌，治者不可不察。（论瘀秽内 。）
又云∶伤损之证，若内积瘀血， 热宜砭刺，不知砭刺则外皮炙干，缩急坚硬，
已连好肉，不能腐烂，益加胀痛，俗名丁痂皮是也。以致瘀秽难出，治者因将死肉
尽行割去，疮口开张，反难腐溃，怯弱之人，多成破伤风证，以致不救。若杖后刺
去瘀秽，涂以神效当归膏，投以参、术、归、 、地黄之类，诸证即退，死肉即溃，疔
痂不结，所溃亦浅，生肌之际，亦不结痂，自免皱结之痛。（论疔痂皮。）
又云∶凡损伤之证，若皮肤已破，出血过多而昏愦者，气血虚极也，大补为主；
如不应，急加附子。若坠扑太重，皮肤不破，血未出而昏溃者，瘀血在内也，行散
为主；如不应，速加酒炒大黄。若下后而有变证者，皆气血虚极也，用十全大补汤。
若因痛甚而自汗昏愦者，风木炽甚也，用清肝凉血之剂，则痛自定，汗自止，溃自
溃，苟作外因风邪治之，促其危也。（论亡血昏溃。）
又云∶伤损之证，若头脑并致命处所损太重，昏溃良久，将致不起者，急用葱
白细切杵烂，炒热罨患处，稍冷更以热者罨之，多自醒矣。醒而肢体作痛，肌肉被
伤，宜调养气血。若腹中作痛，手不可近者，瘀血停滞也。不可下，宜用花蕊石散
内化之，却以参、 、归、术补托之。
又云∶凡损伤之证，若有瘀血内凝，致大小便不通，若用硝黄苦寒之剂下之，血
愈凝而不下，益加胀满，命在须臾，急用木香、肉桂末二三钱，以热酒灌之，血下
乃生，不下即死。如怯弱之人，欲用硝黄，加木香、肉桂同煎益善，盖假其热以行其寒也。（论瘀血便秘。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若误饮冷水，瘀
血凝滞，气道不通，或血上逆，多致不救，若入于心即死。急饮童便热酒以和之。若
患重而瘀血不易散者，更和以辛温之剂，睡卧要上身垫高，不时唤醒，勿令熟睡则血
庶不上逆，故患重之人，多为逆血填塞胸间，或闭塞气道，咽喉口鼻不得出入而死。（论瘀血气闭上逆。）
又云∶凡损伤之证，大便秘结。若是出血过多而秘结，此大肠血虚火炽，干燥
而不通耳。不可轻用硝黄峻利之剂，宜用润肠丸，以四物汤送下，或猪胆导法为善。（论血虚便秘。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，胸胁肚腹作痛，按之痛甚者，瘀血在内也，大承气汤下之；既
下而腹痛不止，按之亦痛者，瘀尚未尽也，四物汤加穿山甲、牛膝补而行之。若腹仍
痛，按之却不痛者，血虚也，四物汤加参、 、白术补而和之。若下后脾胃受伤而腹
痛者，补中益气汤为主；下后寒气乘虚而腹痛者，温中益气汤为主；下后昏愦而出
汗者，虚极而变证也，独参汤补之，未应急以大剂人参附子主之，缓则不救。下后
呕吐泻泄，手足厥冷，或指甲青黑者，虚寒之甚也，附子理中汤主之，缓亦不治。若
口噤手撒，遗尿痰盛，或唇青体冷，汗出昏愦，气血虚极之坏证也，非参附汤不能
救，误作风治者必死。（论胸腹作痛。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若胁胀痛，脉数浮无力，以手按之，反不胀痛者，此血虚
而肝胀也，宜四物汤加参、苓、青皮、甘草治之。若胸胁胀闷或作痛者，按之亦然，
左关脉洪而有力者，此怒气伤肝之证也，以小柴胡汤加芎、归、青皮、赤芍、桔梗、枳
壳治之。若胸胁作胀，按之则愈痛者，乃瘀血蓄肝之证也，急以四物汤加桃仁、红
花、青皮治之。盖证不必论其受责之轻重，问其患处去血之曾否，但被人扭按甚重，蹉
跌扑地，努力恚怒，以伤其气血，瘀血归肝，多致前证，甚则胸胁气逆，胀满不通，
或血溢口鼻，卒至不救。盖打扑坠堕，恶
血宜砭不宜留，况十二经络之血生于心，藏于肝，统于脾，小腹与胁皆肝经部位，恶
血蓄而不行，必生胀满，疼痛，自汗，法当破血生血，清厥阴肝经则善。（论胁胀痛。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，多有患处作痛，若出血过多而痛者，血虚火盛也，宜甘寒以
降虚火，甘温以养脾气。若汗出多而痛者，肝木火盛也，宜辛凉以清肝火，甘寒以生
肝血。若筋骨伤而作痛者，正而治之；肌肉伤而作痛者，调而补之；气血逆而作痛
者，顺而补之；气血虚而作痛者，温而补之。热而痛者清之，寒而痛者温之；阴虚
火痛者用补阴之剂，脾气虚而痛者，用补脾之剂。作脓而痛者托之，脓 而痛者开
之。切不可概用苦寒，以致复伤脾胃也。（论患处作痛。）
又云∶伤损之证，如所伤之处痛至四五日不减者，或至一二日方痛者，皆作脓
也，不必用止痛之药，但宜托里之剂，以速其溃，脓去则痛止。若头目所伤作脓，
赤作痛者，脓出痛亦自止。其或头痛而时作时止者，血虚而痛也，非伤也。若头痛
而兼眩者，火也，痰也，气虚也，木旺也，不可作寒治也。
又云∶凡伤损之证，肉死而不溃，或恶寒而不溃者，宜补阳气。发热而不溃者，
宜益阴血。或因作痛，或因峻剂而不溃者，宜和养脾胃。或因失血，或因汗多而不溃
者，宜大补气血。其外面皮黑坚硬而不溃者，内火蒸炙而然也，内服益阴血，制阳
火之剂；外涂当归膏以润之，则自溃也。大抵脾胃主肌肉，腐溃生肌，全在脾胃气血
两旺，倘治者不识病机，失于补助，故有死肉不能溃而死者；有死肉已溃，新肉不
能生而死者；有死肉溃，新肉生，疮口久不能敛而死者，此三者皆失于不预为补益耳。（论死肉不溃。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若 痛而肌肉不生者，火盛也；日晡作热而不生者，血虚
也；食少体倦而不生者，脾胃虚也；脓水
清稀而不生者，气血虚也；忌敷生肌长肉之药，恐反助其邪也。若脓多而臭秽者邪
火也，脉洪大而作渴者，其气虚而邪气实也，斯为难治。大抵伤损证候，内无瘀血
即当补脾，脾气得补则肉伤者自愈，肉死者自溃，新肉易生，疮口易合，故云脾健
则肉自生。切不可偏用寒凉克伐之剂，复伤元气，致不能生肌收敛，虽行补益，缓不济事矣。（论新肉不生。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若壅肿不退，或色黯不消，元气虚也，宜补之；青肿胀痛，
按之复起，脓瘀内滞也，宜针之。经曰∶气主煦之，血主濡之是也。当以六君子汤加
芎、归，培养脾胃元气，则青肿益消，瘀滞自散，脓秽自出。苟服克伐凉剂，虚其
气血，益肿、益青、益溃也。若敷贴寒凉等药，则寒气入里，坠道自壅，瘀血益凝，
运气不至，近死不远。虽壮实之人，亦寒气生热，肉腐深大，气血衰败，肌肉无由
以生，欲望其肿青退，而溃处收敛抑难矣。（论青肿不消。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若骨已接，骱已入，其肿不消者，此元气怯弱也。怯弱即
不能运散，瘀滞益凝故也。经云∶壮者气行则愈，怯者则着而为病。惟补中益气汤
滋阴助阳，内服十全大补汤，外敷黑龙散，或葱熨之法，则运气健旺，瘀血自救，肿
痛自消。若投行气破血之剂，则元气愈怯，运气愈滞，患在骨骸及血气罕到之处，最
难调治，尤忌寒凉克伐之药。（论肿痛不消。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，口鼻等窍或患处出血不止者，因木火炽盛，血热错经而妄
行也，宜清肝火，养肝血。若中气虚弱，血无所附而妄行者，宜补中益气，使血各归
其经。若阳气内脱，不能摄血归经，而血出不止者，独参汤加炮姜治之，不应则急
加附子。若血蕴于胃而呕血者，四物汤加童便拌炒山栀、姜汁治之。若因怒气伤肝
而呕血者，亦治以前药，更加柴胡、黄芩以清之。如脉大发热喉痛者，参、 、当
归、生地、荆芥、蜜炙黄柏以主之，凡出血脉大者难治。凡见血证，不可用寒凉之
剂，致脾胃受伤，反不能摄血归源也。（论出血呕血便血。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，有出汗者，当审其阴阳虚实而治之。若阴虚阳往乘之，则
发热自汗，以甘寒之剂补其气，如补中益气汤之属是也。若阳虚阴往乘之，则发厥
自汗，以甘温之剂助其阳，如参附汤之属是也。亦有因痛楚而自汗者，宜补气生血
为主。若心孔一片汗出者，养其心血自止。（论出汗。一人年四十，坠马亡血，出汗不止，烦躁不
安。次日其汗遂止，热躁益甚，口噤手颤，此阴血虚，阳火乘之而汗出，为寒气收敛腠理，
故汗不得出，火不得泄，拂郁内甚而益增他证也。若误用祛风之药，愈损气血，促其危矣。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，有发热者，或出血过多，或大溃之后而发热者，乃阴血耗
散，阳气无所根据附，遂致浮散于肌表之间，是为阴虚，非实热也，当归补血汤主之。若
发热烦躁，肉 筋惕等证，乃亡血也，圣愈汤主之。如汗出不止，乃血脱也，急用
独参汤补之。若血脱脉实，汗后脉躁者，难治，细小者易痊。其瘀血内停，必肚
腹作痛，不在此例。（论发热。）
又云∶凡伤损之证，若出血过多，或大溃之后，肌肤发热，大渴引饮，目赤面
红，昼夜不息，其脉洪大而虚，重按全无，此名阴虚发热之病，当归补血汤主之，误
认实热，反用寒凉必死。若身体微热，烦躁面赤，其脉沉而微，此名阴盛发躁之病，
宜四君子汤加姜附治之。《外台秘要》云∶阴盛发躁，欲坐井中，用附子四逆汤加葱
白治之。李东垣亦曰∶切忌寒凉之剂。凡热来复去，不时而动，乃无根虚火也，用
六君子汤加姜、桂，不应急加附子，或八味地黄丸最善。（论发躁。）
其次，从缺盆（锁骨上窝）下方左右前后直至初步（足部），以五十一处关节连接一百三十六块骨骼。从这以下至两乳下方，分左右两侧，是自两足心众多骨骼汇聚之处。
缺盆之下有一块心蔽骨（胸骨剑突）。（无骨髓。）缺盆左侧名为胁骨的，上下共有十二块。（位于小肠分野区域。）左侧胁部的末端，各有胁隐骨，分次也是十二块。（无骨髓。）胁骨之下为季胁骨，共两块。（多津液。）季胁的末端为季隐骨，共两块。（无骨髓。）缺盆右侧为肘骨，共十二块。（处于大肠分野区域。）肘骨之下为肋骨，共两块。（各自没有隐骨，只有野兽才有。）右侧肋的末端为肘隐骨，共十二块。（无骨髓。）骨的前方为大横骨，一块。（有气势，少骨髓。）横骨的前方为白环骨，共两块。（有气势，有津液。）白环骨的前方为内辅骨，左右共两块。（有气势，有津液。）内辅骨的后方为骸关骨，左右共两块。（有气势，有津液。）骸关骨之下为犍骨（膝盖骨），左右共两块。（有气势，有津液。）犍骨之下为髀枢骨（股骨大转子附近），左右共两块。（有气势，多骨髓。）髀枢下端膝盖骨，左右共两块。（无气势，多津液。）膝盖左右各有侠升骨（胫骨内侧髁等），共两块。（有气势，多津液。）髀枢之下为 骨（此处原文可能有误或指代不明，结合上下文应为腓骨或小腿骨之一），左右共两块。（有气势，多骨髓。） 骨的外侧为辅骨（腓骨），左右共两块。（有气势，有津液。） 骨的下端为立骨（胫骨），左右共两块。（有气势，有津液。）立骨左右各有内外踝骨，共四块。（有气势，少津液。）踝骨的前方各有下力骨（跖骨），左右共十块。（有气势，多津液。）踝骨的后方各有京骨（第五跖骨粗隆），左右共两块。（有气势，少津液。）下力骨的前方各有释欹骨（楔骨），共十块。（有气势。）释欹骨的前方各有起仆骨（骰骨），共十块。（有气势。）起仆骨的前方各有平助骨（跟骨等），左右各十块。（有气势。）平助骨的前方各有衬甲骨（距骨等），左右各十块。（无气势，少津液。）释欹骨两旁各有核骨（舟骨等），左右共两块。（有气势，多津液。）起仆骨之下各有初步骨（跟骨结节等），左右共两块。（有气势，无骨髓有津液，女性则没有这块骨头。）
以上共计三百六十五块骨骼，天地相合，唯人最为灵秀。女性则缺少顶威、骨洞、右棚及初步等五块骨头，仅有三百六十块。另外男女都有一百九十块骨骼，有的隐藏，有的衬托，有的无髓无势，其余二百五十六块骨骼都有骨髓和津液，用来藏纳筋脉，汇聚血脉，溪谷相互依存而构成身形，称为“四大”，这是骨度的常规标准。
凡是治疗跌打损伤的医生，忌讳使用葱。如果使用葱，即使病治好了，遇到阴天伤处必定发作疼痛。（梁伟士说。）
《可法良规》说：凡是伤损的病症，是由有形器物所伤，导致筋骨受病，应当从瘀血论治。大概血液受热就会妄行，危害非常迅速，必须先清泻肝火，清除运化之火，用砭石刺破患处，调和经络，那么瘀血就不会泛滥流注，肌肉也不会到处溃烂；其次要壮补脾胃，增进饮食，生化气血，降伏阴火，那么瘀血就容易腐烂排出，新肉就容易收敛，这是关键的方法。如果使用攻伐猛烈的药剂，虚弱的人会更虚，停滞的人会更滞，灾祸立刻就会降临。（论述瘀血走注。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果被棍棒扑打严重，患处虽然皮肤不破，但里面的肉已经死去了。因为内部肌肉糜烂与瘀血混合，就像皮囊里盛着糊状物。其中轻的，瘀血必然深蓄在体内，应当紧急用砭石刺破，立即投用大补的药剂，否则会出现大热烦躁、头目胀痛、牙关紧闭等症状，非常类似破伤风证，这是瘀秽在体内作祟造成的，紧急刺破后，各种症状都会消退。如果刺破之后，出现发热恶寒、口干口渴、心悸惊悸、睡眠不安、牙关紧闭、眼睛红痛、自汗盗汗、寒战咬牙、气短喘促、遗尿手撒、身体发热脉搏洪大但重按空虚、身体发热不想穿衣甚至想跳进水里、或者怕冷但脉搏浮大重按微细、穿厚衣服仍然觉得冷，这是气血夹杂虚损造成的。都适宜用人参、[当归]、熟地、白术之类紧急补益，如果不见效，迅速加入附子，迟缓了就救不回来了。如果出现手足逆冷、肚腹疼痛、腹泻肠鸣、饮食不进、呃逆呕吐，这是寒气乘虚而入造成的，治疗方法同前用药。如果有汗但不怕冷，或者无汗但怕冷，口噤脚冷、腰背反张、颈项僵硬，这是血气虚损引发的痉证。治疗方法也同前用药，稍微佐以针对见证的药剂。这种痉证往往被误投祛风药，导致无法治愈的情况很多。如果确实是破伤风证，也是元气耗损，外邪乘虚而入，都应当峻补先固护根本为好。胡乱投用祛风药，灾祸如反掌之间，医者不可不仔细考察。（论述瘀秽内[结]。）
又说：伤损的病症，如果内部积聚瘀血，[伴有]热象应当砭刺，不知道砭刺就会导致外皮烤干，收缩紧急坚硬，已经连住好肉，不能腐烂，更加胀痛，俗名叫“丁痂皮”。以致瘀秽难以排出，医者因此将死肉全部割去，疮口张开，反而难以腐溃，体弱的人，多变成破伤风证，以致无法救治。如果在杖打后刺去瘀秽，涂上神效当归膏，投用参、术、归、[地黄]、地黄之类的药剂，各种症状就会消退，死肉就会溃烂，丁痂不会结成，溃烂也很浅，生肌的时候，也不结痂，自然免除皱缩结痂的痛苦。（论述丁痂皮。）
又说：凡是损伤的病症，如果皮肤已经破损，出血过多而昏迷的，是气血极度虚弱，以大补为主；如果不见效，紧急加入附子。如果是坠马扑倒太重，皮肤没破，血没流出而昏迷的，是瘀血在体内，以行散为主；如果不见效，迅速加入酒炒大黄。如果使用后出现变证的，都是气血极度虚弱，用十全大补汤。如果因为疼痛剧烈而自汗昏迷的，是肝木火气炽盛，用清肝凉血的药剂，那么疼痛自然停止，汗自然止住，溃烂自然发生，如果当作外因风邪来治，会加速其危重。（论述亡血昏溃。）
又说：伤损的病症，如果头脑以及致命部位受损太重，昏迷很久，将要导致不治的，紧急用葱白细细切碎捣烂，炒热敷在患处，稍冷再用热的敷，大多能苏醒。醒来后肢体疼痛，肌肉受伤，应当调养气血。如果腹中疼痛，手不能触碰的，是瘀血停滞。不可以用泻下药，宜用花蕊石散内服化解它，然后用参、[当归]、熟地、白术补益托毒。
又说：凡是损伤的病症，如果有瘀血内凝，导致大小便不通，如果用硝石、大黄苦寒的药剂泻下，血会更加凝固而下不来，更加胀满，命在顷刻，紧急用木香、肉桂末二三钱，用热酒灌服，血下行才能活，不下就死。如果是体弱的人，想用硝石、大黄，加入木香、肉桂同煎更好，大概是借它们的温热来运行寒凉药性。（论述瘀血便秘。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果误饮冷水，瘀血凝滞，气道不通，或者血上逆，多导致不治，如果入于心即死。紧急饮用童便热酒来调和它。如果患重而瘀血不易散的，再配合辛温的药剂，睡觉时要上身垫高，不时唤醒，不要让他熟睡，这样血才不上逆，所以患重的人，多为逆血填塞胸间，或者闭塞气道，咽喉口鼻不得出入而死。（论述瘀血气闭上逆。）
又说：凡是损伤的病症，大便秘结。如果是出血过多而秘结，这是大肠血虚火炽，干燥而不通罢了。不可以轻易用硝石、大黄峻猛的泻利药剂，宜用润肠丸，用四物汤送服，或者猪胆导法为好。（论述血虚便秘。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，胸胁肚腹疼痛，按压时疼痛加剧的，是瘀血在体内，用大承气汤泻下；既已泻下而腹痛不止，按压也痛的，是瘀血还没尽除，用四物汤加穿山甲、牛膝补益而行散。如果腹部仍然痛，按压却不痛的，是血虚，用四物汤加参、[当归]、白术补益调和。如果泻下后脾胃受伤而腹痛的，以补中益气汤为主；泻下后寒气乘虚而腹痛的，以温中益气汤为主；泻下后昏迷而出汗的，是虚极而变证，用独参汤补益，来不及应急时用大剂人参附子主治，迟缓了就救不回来。泻下后呕吐泄泻，手足厥冷，或者指甲青黑的，是虚寒至极，用附子理中汤主治，迟缓也不治了。如果口噤手撒、遗尿痰多，或者嘴唇青紫身体冷、出汗昏迷，是气血虚极的坏证，非参附汤不能救，误作风邪治疗的必死。（论述胸腹作痛。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果胁肋胀痛，脉搏数而浮无力，用手按压，反而不胀痛，这是血虚而肝胀，宜用四物汤加参、茯苓、青皮、甘草治疗。如果胸胁胀闷或疼痛，按压也是这样，左关脉洪大而有力的，这是怒气伤肝的证候，用小柴胡汤加川芎、当归、青皮、赤芍、桔梗、枳壳治疗。如果胸胁发胀，按压则更痛的，是瘀血蓄积在肝的证候，紧急用四物汤加桃仁、红花、青皮治疗。大概病症不必论受责打的轻重，问患处是否失血，只是被人扭按很重，蹉跌扑地，用力愤怒，从而伤了气血，瘀血归肝，多导致前述证候，严重的则胸胁气逆，胀满不通，或者血溢出口鼻，突然致死。大概打扑坠堕，恶血宜砭刺不宜留，何况十二经络的血生于心，藏于肝，统于脾，小腹与胁肋都是肝经部位，恶血蓄积不行，必然产生胀满、疼痛、自汗，法当破血生血，清厥阴肝经就好。（论述胁胀痛。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，多有患处疼痛，如果出血过多而痛的，是血虚火盛，宜用甘寒以降虚火，甘温以养脾气。如果出汗多而痛的，是肝木火盛，宜用辛凉以清肝火，甘寒以生肝血。如果筋骨伤而痛的，正治之；肌肉伤而痛的，调补之；气血逆而痛的，顺补之；气血虚而痛的，温补之。热而痛的清之，寒而痛的温之；阴虚火痛的用补阴药剂，脾气虚而痛的，用补脾药剂。化脓而痛的托之，脓成而痛的开之。切不可一概用苦寒药，以致再次伤害脾胃。（论述患处作痛。）
又说：伤损的病症，如受伤处疼痛持续四五日不减，或者一二天才痛的，都是化脓，不必用止痛药，只宜用托里药剂，加速其溃破，脓去则痛止。如果头目受伤化脓，发红作痛的，脓出痛也自然停止。如果头痛时而发作时而停止的，是血虚而痛，不是伤。如果头痛兼眩晕的，是火，是痰，是气虚，是肝木旺，不可以作寒证治。
又说：凡是伤损的病症，肉死而不溃烂，或者怕冷而不溃烂的，宜补阳气。发热而不溃烂的，宜益阴血。或者因为疼痛，或者因为峻剂而不溃烂的，宜调和养护脾胃。或者因为失血，或者因为出汗多而不溃烂的，宜大补气血。外面皮黑坚硬而不溃烂的，是内火蒸烤造成的，内服益阴血、制阳火的药剂；外涂当归膏滋润它，就会自然溃烂。大概脾胃主肌肉，腐溃生肌，全在脾胃气血两旺，如果医者不识病机，失于补助，所以有死肉不能溃烂而死的；有死肉已溃，新肉不能生而死的；有死肉溃，新肉生，疮口久不能收敛而死的，这三者都是因为事先没有补益的缘故。（论述死肉不溃。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果[疮口]痛而肌肉不生的，是火盛；下午发热而肌肉不生的，是血虚；食少体倦而肌肉不生的，是脾胃虚；脓水清稀而肌肉不生的，是气血虚；忌敷生肌长肉的药，恐怕反而助长邪气。如果脓多而臭秽的是邪火，脉洪大而口渴的，是气虚而邪气实，这属于难治。大概伤损证候，内部没有瘀血就当补脾，脾气得到补益则肉伤者自愈，肉死者自溃，新肉易生，疮口易合，所以说脾健则肉自生。切不可偏用寒凉攻伐药剂，再次伤害元气，导致不能生肌收敛，虽然进行补益，缓不济事。（论述新肉不生。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果壅肿不退，或者色黯不消，是元气虚，宜补之；青肿胀痛，按压后复起，是脓瘀内滞，宜针之。经书说：气主煦之，血主濡之。应当用六君子汤加川芎、当归，培养脾胃元气，那么青肿益消，瘀滞自散，脓秽自出。如果服用攻伐凉剂，使其气血更虚，更加肿、更加青、更加溃烂。如果敷贴寒凉等药，则寒气入里，通道自阻塞，瘀血更加凝固，运气不到，离死不远。即使是壮实之人，也会寒气生热，肉腐深大，气血衰败，肌肉无从生长，希望其肿青退去，而溃处收敛也很难了。（论述青肿不消。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果骨头已接，关节已入，其肿不消的，这是元气怯弱。怯弱就不能运散，瘀滞更加凝固。经书说：壮者气行则愈，怯者则着而为病。惟有用补中益气汤滋阴助阳，内服十全大补汤，外敷黑龙散，或者葱熨的方法，那么运气健旺，瘀血自救，肿痛自消。如果投行气破血的药剂，则元气更怯，运气更滞，患病在骨骸及血气罕到的地方，最难调治，尤其忌讳寒凉攻伐的药。（论述肿痛不消。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，口鼻等窍或患处出血不止的，是因为木火炽盛，血热错经而妄行，宜清肝火，养肝血。如果中气虚弱，血无所依附而妄行的，宜补中益气，使血各归其经。如果阳气内脱，不能摄血归经，而血出不止的，用独参汤加炮姜治疗，不见效则紧急加入附子。如果血蕴于胃而呕血的，用四物汤加童便拌炒山栀、姜汁治疗。如果因为怒气伤肝而呕血的，也用前药治疗，再加柴胡、黄芩以清之。如果脉大发热喉痛的，用人参、[熟地]、当归、生地、荆芥、蜜炙黄柏为主治，凡见出血脉大的难治。凡见血证，不可用寒凉药剂，致脾胃受伤，反而不能摄血归源。（论述出血呕血便血。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，有出汗的，应当审察其阴阳虚实而治。如果阴虚阳往乘之，则发热自汗，用甘寒药剂补气，如补中益气汤之类。如果阳虚阴往乘之，则发厥自汗，用甘温药剂助阳，如参附汤之类。也有因为疼痛而自汗的，宜补气生血为主。如果心孔一片汗出的，养其心血自然停止。（论述出汗。一人年四十，坠马亡血，出汗不止，烦躁不安。次日汗遂止，热躁更甚，口噤手颤，这是阴血虚，阳火乘之而汗出，为寒气收敛腠理，故汗不得出，火不得泄，拂郁内甚而增加其他证候。如果误用祛风药，愈损气血，加速其危重。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，有发热的，或者出血过多，或者大溃之后而发热的，是阴血耗散，阳气无所根据依附，遂致浮散于肌表之间，这是阴虚，不是实热，用当归补血汤主治。如果发热烦躁，肌肉跳动筋惕等证，是亡血，用圣愈汤主治。如果汗出不止，是血脱，紧急用独参汤补之。如果血脱脉实，汗后脉躁的，难治，细小者易痊愈。其瘀血内停，必然肚腹作痛，不在此例。（论述发热。）
又说：凡是伤损的病症，如果出血过多，或者大溃之后，肌肤发热，大渴引饮，目赤面红，昼夜不息，其脉洪大而虚，重按全无，这名叫阴虚发热之病，用当归补血汤主治，误认实热，反用寒凉必死。如果身体微热，烦躁面赤，其脉沉而微，这名叫阴盛发躁之病，宜用四君子汤加姜附治疗。《外台秘要》说：阴盛发躁，欲坐井中，用附子四逆汤加葱白治疗。李东垣也说：切忌寒凉药剂。凡热来复去，不时而动，是无根虚火，用六君子汤加姜、桂，不应急加附子，或者八味地黄丸最好。（论述发躁。）
Secondly, from below the clavicular fossa (supraclavicular fossa) to the left, right, front, and back down to the initial step (foot), there are fifty-one joints connecting one hundred and thirty-six bones. From below this point to below both breasts, divided into left and right, is where the numerous bones of the soles of the feet converge.
Below the clavicular fossa is one xinbi gu (xiphoid process). (No bone marrow.) To the left of the clavicular fossa are the xie gu (rib bones), twelve in total up and down. (Located in the region corresponding to the small intestine.) At the end of the left ribs, there are xie yin gu (hidden rib bones), also twelve in sequence. (No bone marrow.) Below the rib bones are the ji xie gu (costal margin bones), two in total. (Rich in fluid.) At the end of the costal margins are the ji yin gu (hidden costal bones), two in total. (No bone marrow.) To the right of the clavicular fossa are the zhou gu (elbow bones), twelve in total. (Located in the region corresponding to the large intestine.) Below the elbow bones are the li gu (intercostal/rib bones), two in total. (Each has no hidden bones; only beasts have them.) At the end of the right ribs are the zhou yin gu (hidden elbow bones), twelve in total. (No bone marrow.) In front of these bones is the da heng gu (great transverse bone), one. (Has qi potential, little bone marrow.) In front of the transverse bone are the bai huan gu (white ring bones), two in total. (Has qi potential and fluid.) In front of the white ring bones are the nei fu gu (inner auxiliary bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential and fluid.) Behind the inner auxiliary bones are the hai guan gu (joint gate bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential and fluid.) Below the joint gate bones are the qian gu (knee bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential and fluid.) Below the knee bones are the bi shu gu (thigh pivot bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential, rich in bone marrow.) At the lower end of the thigh pivot bones are the xi gai gu (kneecaps), two on each side. (No qi potential, rich in fluid.) On either side of the kneecaps are the xia sheng gu (flanking ascending bones), two in total. (Has qi potential, rich in fluid.) Below the thigh pivot bones are [bone name missing/corrupted], two on each side. (Has qi potential, rich in bone marrow.) Outside [this bone] are the fu gu (auxiliary/fibula bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential and fluid.) Below [this bone] are the li gu (standing/tibia bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential and fluid.) On either side of the standing bones are the nei wai huai gu (inner and outer ankle bones), four in total. (Has qi potential, little fluid.) In front of each ankle bone are the xia li gu (lower force/metatarsal bones), ten on each side. (Has qi potential, rich in fluid.) Behind each ankle bone are the jing gu (capital bones/cuboid area), two on each side. (Has qi potential, little fluid.) In front of the lower force bones are the shi qi gu (release tilt/wedge bones), ten in total. (Has qi potential.) In front of the release tilt bones are the qi pu gu (rise fall/cuneiform area), ten in total. (Has qi potential.) In front of the rise fall bones are the ping zhu gu (level assist/calcaneus area), ten on each side. (Has qi potential.) In front of the level assist bones are the chen gu jia (cushion bone/joint bones), ten on each side. (No qi potential, little fluid.) On both sides of the release tilt bones are the he gu (nucleus/navicular bones), two on each side. (Has qi potential, rich in fluid.) Below the rise fall bones are the chu bu gu (initial step/tarsal area), two on each side. (Has qi potential, no bone marrow but has fluid; women do not have this bone.)
In total, there are three hundred and sixty-five bones. Heaven and Earth interact, and humans are the most spiritual. Women lack five bones: ding wei, gu dong, you peng, and chu bu, totaling three hundred and sixty bones. Additionally, men and women both have one hundred and ninety bones that are either hidden, cushioned, or lack marrow and qi potential; the remaining two hundred and fifty-six bones all contain bone marrow and fluid, which store the sinews and connect the vessels. The valleys and streams interdepend to form the body shape, called the "Four Greats." This is the standard measurement of bones.
Physicians treating traumatic injuries must avoid using scallions (Cong Bai). If used, even if the injury heals, upon cloudy weather, the injured area will inevitably flare up with pain. (Liang Weishi said.)
The *Kefa Lianggui* states: All injury cases are caused by blunt objects, affecting the tendons and bones, and should be treated according to blood stasis theory. Generally, when blood is heated, it flows recklessly, causing rapid harm. One must first purge Liver Fire and clear the transforming fire, use bian stones (stone acupuncture) to puncture the affected area, and harmonize the meridians, so that blood stasis does not spread and muscles do not ulcerate everywhere. Secondly, strengthen the Spleen and Stomach, promote appetite, generate Qi and Blood, and subdue Yin Fire, so that blood stasis easily decomposes and new flesh easily converges. This is a crucial method. If harsh purgatives are used, the deficient become more deficient, and the stagnant become more stagnant, bringing disaster swiftly. (Discussion on Blood Stasis Migration.)
It further states: In injury cases, if struck heavily by a stick, although the skin may not break, the internal flesh dies. The internal flesh rots and mixes with blood stasis, like paste in a skin bag. In mild cases, blood stasis accumulates deeply internally; urgent stone acupuncture should be performed, followed immediately by strong tonics. Otherwise, severe heat, irritability, head and eye distension/pain, and trismus occur, resembling tetanus. This is due to internal turbid stasis. Urgent puncturing causes all symptoms to recede. If after puncturing, fever, aversion to cold, dry mouth/thirst, palpitations, insomnia, trismus, red eyes/headache, spontaneous/diaphoresis, chattering teeth, shortness of breath, urinary incontinence, hand relaxation, fever with a large pulse that feels empty on deep pressure, feeling hot but wanting to remove clothes or jump into water, or feeling cold with a floating/large pulse that is fine on deep pressure, wearing thick clothes still feels cold, this is due to Qi and Blood deficiency mixed with pathology. Ginseng, [Dang Gui], Shu Di Huang, and Bai Zhu should be used urgently for tonification. If ineffective, add Fu Zi quickly; delay means death. If cold limbs, abdominal pain, diarrhea/borborygmus, inability to eat, belching/vomiting occur, this is Cold Evil invading due to deficiency. Treatment follows previous methods. If sweating without aversion to cold, or no sweating with aversion to cold, trismus, cold feet, opisthotonos, and neck stiffness occur, this is spasm due to Qi and Blood deficiency. Treatment follows previous methods, with slight addition of symptom-specific herbs. Spasm cases are often misdiagnosed as Wind patterns and treated with Wind-dispelling herbs, leading to failure. True tetanus is also due to Yuan Qi depletion and external pathogens invading deficiency; strong tonification to secure the root is best. Misusing Wind-dispelling herbs brings disaster quickly; physicians must examine carefully. (Discussion on Internal Turbid Stasis.)
It further states: In injury cases, if internal blood stasis exists with heat signs, stone acupuncture is indicated. Ignoring this causes the outer skin to dry, shrink, harden, and adhere to healthy flesh, preventing rotting and increasing distension/pain, commonly known as "Ding Jia Pi" (hard scab). This makes turbid stasis difficult to expel. Physicians may excise dead flesh, opening the wound, making rotting harder. Weak patients often develop tetanus and die. After striking, puncture to remove stasis, apply Shen Xiao Dang Gui Gao, and administer Ginseng, Bai Zhu, Dang Gui, [Shu Di Huang], etc. Symptoms recede, dead flesh sloughs, no hard scab forms, ulceration is shallow, and granulation occurs without scarring, avoiding painful contraction. (Discussion on Ding Jia Pi.)
It further states: In injury cases, if skin is broken, bleeding is excessive, and coma ensues, Qi and Blood are extremely deficient; strong tonification is primary. If ineffective, urgently add Fu Zi. If falling/heavy impact breaks no skin, no external bleeding, but coma occurs, blood stasis is internal; moving and dispersing is primary. If ineffective, rapidly add Da Huang stir-fried in wine. If post-purgation changes occur, Qi and Blood are extremely deficient; use Shi Quan Da Bu Tang. If severe pain causes spontaneous sweating and coma, Wood/Fire is blazing; use Liver-clearing and Blood-cooling herbs. Pain stops, sweat stops, ulceration proceeds naturally. Treating as external Wind accelerates danger. (Discussion on Blood Loss Coma.)
It further states: In injury cases, if the head or vital areas are severely damaged, causing prolonged coma threatening death, urgently chop Cong Bai finely, pound it, stir-fry until hot, and apply to the site. Replace with fresh hot compresses as it cools; consciousness usually returns. If awake with limb pain and muscle injury, nourish Qi and Blood. If abdominal pain prevents touching, blood stasis stagnates. Do not purge; use Hua Rui Shi San internally to resolve it, then tonify with Ginseng, [Dang Gui], Shu Di Huang, and Bai Zhu.
It further states: In injury cases, if internal blood stasis causes constipation, using bitter-cold laxatives like Xiao Shi and Da Huang causes blood to congeal further, worsening distension, leading to imminent death. Urgently use Mu Xiang and Rou Gui powder (2-3 qian) with hot wine. If blood moves, life is saved; if not, death ensues. For weak patients desiring Xiao Shi/Da Huang, adding Mu Xiang and Rou Gui during decoction is better, borrowing their heat to move the cold herbs. (Discussion on Blood Stasis Constipation.)
It further states: In injury cases, drinking cold water causes blood stasis to congeal, blocking Qi channels, or blood rebels upward, often fatal, especially if entering the Heart. Urgently drink Tong Bian (child urine) and hot wine to harmonize. For severe cases where stasis is hard to disperse, add acrid-warm herbs. Sleep with upper body elevated, wake frequently to prevent deep sleep, so blood does not rebel. Severe cases often die from blood filling the chest, blocking airways. (Discussion on Blood Stasis Rebellious Qi Blockage.)
It further states: In injury cases, constipation. If due to excessive bleeding, it is Large Intestine Blood deficiency with blazing fire, causing dryness. Do not lightly use harsh laxatives like Xiao Shi/Da Huang. Use Run Chang Wan delivered with Si Wu Tang, or Pig Gallbladder suppository method is best. (Discussion on Blood Deficiency Constipation.)
It further states: In injury cases, chest/hypochondrium/abdominal pain worsened by pressure indicates internal blood stasis; purge with Da Cheng Qi Tang. If pain persists after purging and is tender to touch, stasis remains; use Si Wu Tang plus Chuan Shan Jia and Niu Xi to tonify and move. If abdomen hurts but is not tender to touch, it is Blood deficiency; use Si Wu Tang plus Ginseng, [Dang Gui], and Bai Zhu to tonify and harmonize. If post-purgation Spleen/Stomach injury causes pain, use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang. If post-purgation Cold invasion causes pain, use Wen Zhong Yi Qi Tang. If post-purgation coma and sweating occur, extreme deficiency with transformation; use Du Shen Tang. If urgent, large doses of Ginseng and Fu Zi; delay means death. Post-purgation vomiting/diarrhea, cold limbs, blue-black nails indicate extreme deficiency-cold; use Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang. Delay is untreatable. Trismus, hand relaxation, urinary incontinence, phlegm, blue lips, cold body, sweating/coma indicate extreme Qi/Blood deficiency collapse; only Shen Fu Tang can save. Mistaking for Wind leads to death. (Discussion on Chest/Abdominal Pain.)
It further states: In injury cases, hypochondriac distension/pain, rapid/floating/weak pulse, non-tender to pressure indicates Blood deficiency with Liver distension; use Si Wu Tang plus Ginseng, Fu Ling, Qing Pi, and Gan Cao. If chest/hypochondriac fullness/pain, tender to pressure, left Guan pulse surging/strong indicates Anger injuring Liver; use Xiao Chai Hu Tang plus Xiong Diao, Dang Gui, Qing Pi, Chi Shao, Jie Geng, and Zhi Ke. If chest/hypochondriac distension worsens with pressure, blood stasis accumulating in Liver; urgently use Si Wu Tang plus Tao Ren, Hong Hua, and Qing Pi. Severity of beating or bleeding doesn't matter; twisting, falling, or anger injures Qi/Blood, sending stasis to Liver, causing these symptoms. Severe cases involve rebellious Qi, distension, epistaxis/hematemesis, sudden death. Blunt trauma stasis requires puncturing, not retention. Blood is generated in Heart, stored in Liver, controlled by Spleen; hypogastrium/hypochondrium are Liver channel regions. Retained stasis causes distension/pain/sweating; method is to break and generate blood, clear Jueyin Liver channel. (Discussion on Hypochondriac Distension/Pain.)
It further states: In injury cases, local pain. If excessive bleeding causes pain, it is Blood deficiency with blazing fire; use sweet-cold to descend false fire, sweet-warm to nourish Spleen Qi. If profuse sweating causes pain, Liver Wood fire is blazing; use acrid-cold to clear Liver fire, sweet-cold to generate Liver Blood. If tendon/bone injury causes pain, treat directly; if muscle injury, regulate and tonify; if Qi/Blood rebellion causes pain, smooth and tonify; if Qi/Blood deficiency causes pain, warm and tonify. Heat pain clears it; Cold pain warms it; Yin deficiency fire pain uses Yin-tonifying herbs; Spleen Qi deficiency pain uses Spleen-tonifying herbs. Suppuration pain uses expulsion; mature pus pain uses drainage. Never indiscriminately use bitter-cold herbs to spare the Spleen/Stomach. (Discussion on Local Pain.)
It further states: Injury pain lasting 4-5 days unchanged, or starting 1-2 days later, indicates suppuration. No need for analgesics; use interior-expelling herbs to accelerate rupture. Pain stops when pus exits. Head/eye injury suppuration with redness/pain stops when pus exits. Intermittent headache is Blood deficiency pain, not injury. Headache with dizziness is Fire, Phlegm, Qi deficiency, or Liver Yang hyperactivity; do not treat as Cold.
It further states: In injury cases, dead flesh not ulcerating or aversion to cold preventing ulceration requires tonifying Yang Qi. Fever preventing ulceration requires nourishing Yin Blood. Pain or harsh drugs preventing ulceration requires harmonizing/nourishing Spleen/Stomach. Blood loss or profuse sweating preventing ulceration requires strong Qi/Blood tonification. Black/hard skin not ulcerating is due to internal fire baking; internal Yin-nourishing/Yang-suppressing herbs, external Dang Gui Gao application causes natural ulceration. Spleen/Stomach governs flesh; rotting/granulation depends on robust Spleen/Stomach Qi/Blood. Failure to tonify leads to death from non-ulcerating dead flesh, non-granulating ulcers, or non-healing wounds. These result from lack of preventive tonification. (Discussion on Dead Flesh Not Ulcerating.)
It further states: In injury cases, pain with no granulation indicates blazing fire; afternoon fever with no granulation indicates Blood deficiency; poor appetite/fatigue with no granulation indicates Spleen/Stomach deficiency; thin pus with no granulation indicates Qi/Blood deficiency. Avoid topical granulation herbs as they may aid pathogenic factors. Profuse foul pus indicates pathogenic fire; surging pulse with thirst indicates Qi deficiency with excess pathogen; this is difficult. Generally, if no internal stasis, tonify Spleen. Tonified Spleen heals injured flesh, ulcerates dead flesh, generates new flesh, closes wounds. "Spleen healthy, flesh grows." Avoid cold/purging herbs to spare Yuan Qi. Slow tonification fails. (Discussion on New Flesh Not Growing.)
It further states: In injury cases, swelling not subsiding or dark discoloration indicates Yuan Qi deficiency; tonify. Blue-green swelling/pain rebounding to pressure indicates internal pus/stasis; puncture. Classics say: Qi warms, Blood moistens. Use Liu Jun Zi Tang plus Xiong Diao and Dang Gui to cultivate Spleen/Stomach Yuan Qi; swelling subsides, stasis disperses, pus exits. Purging/cold herbs worsen deficiency, swelling, cyanosis, and ulceration. Topical cold herbs drive Cold inward, blocking pathways, congealing stasis, stopping circulation, nearing death. Even strong individuals suffer deep rot, Qi/Blood decline, and failed healing. (Discussion on Persistent Swelling/Cyanosis.)
It further states: In injury cases, if bones are set and joints reduced but swelling persists, Yuan Qi is weak. Weakness fails to circulate, congealing stasis. Classics say: Strong people heal via Qi movement; weak people develop disease. Use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang to nourish Yin/assist Yang, internal Shi Quan Da Bu Tang, external Hei Long San, or Cong Yun (scallion moxibustion) to strengthen circulation, allowing self-resolving stasis and swelling. Moving/Qi-breaking herbs weaken Yuan Qi and circulation. Injuries in bony areas with scarce Qi/Blood are hardest to treat; avoid cold/purging herbs. (Discussion on Persistent Swelling/Pain.)
It further states: In injury cases, unceasing bleeding from orifices/wounds due to blazing Wood/Fire and Heat disturbing vessels; clear Liver fire, nourish Liver Blood. Middle Qi deficiency causing unattached blood; tonify Middle Qi to guide blood to vessels. Internal Yang collapse failing to control blood; Du Shen Tang plus Pao Jiang. If ineffective, urgently add Fu Zi. Blood pooling in Stomach causing hematemesis; Si Wu Tang plus Tong Bian stir-fried with Zhi Zi and Jiang Zhi. Anger injuring Liver causing hematemesis; same formula plus Chai Hu and Huang Qin. Large pulse, fever, sore throat; Ginseng, [Shu Di Huang], Dang Gui, Sheng Di, Jing Jie, Mi Zhi Huang Bo. Large pulse in bleeding is difficult. Never use cold herbs in bleeding to spare Spleen/Stomach from failing to control blood. (Discussion on Bleeding/Hematemesis/Melena.)
It further states: In injury cases, sweating. Assess Yin/Yang/Deficiency/Excess. Yin deficiency with Yang invading causes fever/spontaneous sweating; use sweet-cold to tonify Qi, e.g., Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang. Yang deficiency with Yin invading causes syncope/spontaneous sweating; use sweet-warm to assist Yang, e.g., Shen Fu Tang. Pain-induced sweating requires tonifying Qi/generating Blood. Sweat on heart center stops by nourishing Heart Blood. (Discussion on Sweating. Case: 40yo male fell from horse, lost blood, continuous sweating, irritability. Next day sweat stopped, heat/irritability worsened, trismus/tremors. Yin Blood deficiency, Yang fire invading. Cold constricts pores, trapping fire/sweat, causing internal stagnation and other symptoms. Misusing Wind herbs damages Qi/Blood, accelerating danger.)
It further states: In injury cases, fever. After excessive bleeding or major ulceration, fever indicates Yin Blood depletion, leaving Yang unanchored and floating on surface; this is Yin deficiency, not Excess Heat; use Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang. Fever, irritability, muscle twitching indicates blood loss; use Sheng Yu Tang. Continuous sweating indicates Blood collapse; urgently use Du Shen Tang. Blood collapse with solid pulse, restless pulse after sweating is difficult; fine/small pulse recovers easily. Internal stasis causes abdominal pain, excluded here. (Discussion on Fever.)
It further states: In injury cases, after excessive bleeding/major ulceration, skin fever, intense thirst, red eyes/face, day/night persistence, surging/empty pulse vanishing on deep pressure is Yin deficiency fever; use Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang. Mistaking for Excess Heat and using cold herbs is fatal. Mild fever, irritability/red face, sinking/faint pulse is Yin excess with agitation; use Si Jun Zi Tang plus Jiang/Fu Zi. *Waitai Miyao* says: Yin excess agitation, desire to sit in well; use Fu Zi Si Ni Tang plus Cong Bai. Li Dongyuan says: Avoid cold herbs. Intermittent heat is rootless false fire; use Liu Jun Zi Tang plus Jiang/Gui, or Ba Wei Di Huang Wan. Urgent Fu Zi is not needed. (Discussion on Agitation.)