陈实功曰∶大凡金疮血出不止，若素怯弱者当补气，若素有热者当补血，若因
怒当平肝，若烦渴昏愦当补脾气，若筋挛搐搦当养肝血，若投药不应，当用地黄汤
以滋肾水。忌见风，及服止血伤筋等味，其人若渴，务要忍着，宜进干燥并肥腻等物
以止渴，切不可食咸，过饮浆水稀粥；凡犯之则血动溢出杀人。如喜怒忧愁，大言
狂笑，思想房劳，暴躁劳碌，酸咸、糟油、热羹，一概禁忌，虽愈仍忌。可服黄 六
一散、八味地黄丸，可保无虑。（《正宗》）
程山龄曰∶刃刀或磁锋割损，浅者皮破血流而已，深者筋断血飞不住，皮破者
福缘散掺之，止血定痛。筋断者天下第一金疮药敷之。筋骨俱断，其人面色必黄，外
避风寒，内忌冷物；如失血过多者，独参汤、八珍汤补之，此外别无他法。（《十法》）
《脉经》云∶金疮血出太多，其脉虚细者生，数实大者死。金疮出血，脉沉小者生，浮大者死。
斫疮出血一两石，脉来大者，二十日死。
斫刺血出不止者，其脉止；脉来大者，七日死；滑细者生。如脉病不相应，故死。
《病源》云∶金疮肠断者，视病浅深，各有生死。肠一头见者，不可连也。若腹
痛短气，不得饮食者，大肠一日半死，小肠三日死。肠两头见者，可速续之，先以
针线如法连续断肠，便取鸡冠血涂其际，勿令气泄，即推内之。肠但出不断者，作大
麦粥取汁洗肠，以渍纳之，且作粥清，稍稍饮之，二十余日乃吃糜粥，百日后，乃可进粥。
《灵惠》云∶金疮失血，其人当苦渴，然须忍之，常令干食，可与肥脂之物，以
止其渴；又不得令饮粥，则血溢出杀人也。又忌嗔怒及大言笑，动作劳力及食咸酸、热
酒、热羹辈，皆使疮痛冲发，甚则即死。
《圣惠》云∶凡金疮伤天窗（穴名）、眉角、脑后、臂里跳脉、体内阴股、两乳上下、心
鸠尾、小肠及五脏六腑俞，皆死处。又破脑出髓而不能语，戴眼直视，喉中沸声，口
中唾出，两手妄举者，俱不可治。
《得效》云∶金疮出血，虚细则宜，实大则倾。
又云∶伤虽浅，命脉虚促可虑；伤至重，命脉和缓，永无虑也。血出甚者，脉不要洪大，只要平正重实。
又云∶肚破肠出在外，若肠全断难医，不断者可治。肠及肚皮破者，麻缕为线，或
桑白皮尖茸为线，以花蕊石散敷在线，从里缝之。肠子则以清油捻活，放入肚内，乃
缝肚皮，不可缝外重皮，留皮开，用药糁，待生肉。
又云∶伤破肚皮，肠与脂膏俱出，先用汤药如活血散、佛手散与服，用手擘去
膏不妨，此是闲肉，放心去之，然后推肠入内，用线缝之，仍用通利药，勿令二便秘涩。
《正传》云∶大凡金疮及折伤坠堕内损者，必有瘀血停积，先宜逐去瘀血。若亡
血过多，则调养气血为主，花蕊石散、夺命散、鸡鸣散、导滞散、破血消痛汤、复元活血汤，皆可选用。
陈实功说：大凡金属利器造成的创伤导致出血不止，如果患者平时体质虚弱，应当补气；如果患者体内素有热邪，应当补血；如果是因为愤怒导致的，应当平抑肝气；如果感到烦躁口渴、神志昏沉，应当补益脾气；如果出现筋脉拘挛、抽搐，应当滋养肝血；如果用药后没有效果，应当使用地黄汤来滋补肾水。禁忌接触风邪，以及服用具有止血但会损伤筋脉的药物。如果患者感到口渴，务必忍耐不要饮水，适宜进食干燥且肥腻的食物来止渴，绝对不可食用咸味食物，也不要过量饮用浆水或稀粥；凡是违反这些禁忌，都会导致血液妄行溢出而致死。对于喜怒忧愁、大声说话狂笑、思虑过度及房事劳累、暴躁忙碌、酸咸食物、糟油、热汤等，一律禁忌，即使伤口痊愈后仍需忌口。可以服用六一散、八味地黄丸，就可以保证无忧虑。（出自《外科正宗》）
程山龄说：被刀刃或磁器锋利边缘割伤，浅表的只是皮肤破损流血而已，深部的则筋断血流不止。皮肤破损的，撒上福缘散，可以止血定痛。筋断裂的，敷上天下第一金疮药。筋骨都断裂的，患者面色必然发黄，外部要避开风寒，内部禁忌生冷食物；如果失血过多，用独参汤、八珍汤来补益，除此之外没有其他办法。（出自《疡医十法》）
《脉经》说：金属利器创伤出血过多，脉搏虚细的能活，脉搏数实大的会死。金疮出血，脉搏沉小的能活，浮大的会死。砍伤出血一两石（形容极多），脉搏大的，二十天后死亡。
砍刺伤出血不止的，脉搏停止跳动；脉搏大的，七天后死亡；脉搏滑细的能活。如果脉象与病情不相符合，就会死亡。
《诸病源候论》说：金疮导致肠子断裂的，根据病情的深浅，各有生死之分。肠子只有一头露出来的，不能缝合连接。如果出现腹痛、气短、无法进食的情况，大肠断裂者一天半后死亡，小肠断裂者三天后死亡。肠子两头都露出来的，可以快速接续，先用针线按照方法连续缝合断肠，然后取鸡冠血涂抹在接口处，不要让气体泄漏，随即推回腹腔内。肠子只是脱出而没有断裂的，煮大麦粥取汁液清洗肠子，浸泡后纳入腹腔，并且喝些粥清，二十多天后才能吃糜粥，一百天后，才可以进普通粥食。
《灵惠方》说：金疮失血，患者应当极度口渴，但是必须忍耐，经常让患者吃干食，可以给肥腻的食物，以此来止渴；又不能让患者喝粥，否则血液溢出会致死。还要禁忌发怒及大声谈笑，动作劳力以及食用咸酸、热酒、热汤等，都会使疮痛冲发，严重的话立即死亡。
《太平圣惠方》说：大凡金疮伤及天窗穴、眉角、脑后、手臂里的跳脉、体内阴股、两乳上下、心鸠尾穴、小肠以及五脏六腑的俞穴，都是致死之处。另外，头部破裂脑髓流出而不能说话，眼睛上翻直视，喉中有沸腾声，口中吐出唾液，两手胡乱挥舞的，都属于不可治疗的绝症。
又说：虽然伤势浅表，但生命脉搏虚弱急促值得忧虑；伤势严重，但生命脉搏和缓，永远没有忧虑。出血严重的，脉搏不要洪大，只要平正重实即可。
又说：肚子破开肠子掉在外面，如果肠子完全断裂难以医治，没有断裂的可以治疗。肠子和肚皮破裂的，用麻缕做线，或者用桑白皮尖端的茸毛做线，在花蕊石散上敷在线条上，从里面进行缝合。肠子则用清油捻转使其恢复活性，放入肚内，然后缝合肚皮，不可缝合外面的重皮，保留皮开口，用药粉撒布，等待长肉。
又说：伤势打破肚皮，肠子和脂膏都出来，先用汤药如活血散、佛手散给患者服用，用手剥去脂膏不妨碍，这是闲肉，放心去掉它，然后把肠子推入内部，用线缝合，仍然使用通利药物，不要让大小便秘涩。
《正传》说：大凡金疮以及折伤坠堕导致内伤的，必定有瘀血停积，先宜驱逐去除瘀血。如果亡血过多，则以调养气血为主，花蕊石散、夺命散、鸡鸣散、导滞散、破血消痛汤、复元活血汤，都可以选用。
Chen Shigong stated: Generally, for metal weapon injuries with unceasing bleeding, if the patient is constitutionally weak, Qi tonification should be applied; if the patient has inherent heat, Blood nourishment should be applied; if caused by anger, Liver soothing should be performed; if accompanied by irritability, thirst, and confusion, Spleen Qi tonification should be used; if there are tendon spasms and convulsions, Liver Blood nourishment is required; if medication fails, Dihuang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction) should be used to nourish Kidney Water. Exposure to wind must be avoided, as well as taking hemostatic herbs that damage tendons. If the patient feels thirsty, they must endure it without drinking water; dry and fatty foods are suitable to quench thirst. Salty foods must strictly be avoided, as well as excessive consumption of fermented grain juice or thin porridge; violating these taboos will cause blood to surge and overflow, leading to death. Emotions such as joy, anger, worry, and sorrow, loud talking, wild laughter, excessive thinking, sexual exertion, irritability, overwork, sour and salty foods, pickled oils, and hot soups are all contraindicated, even after recovery. Liuyi San (Six-Ingredient Powder) and Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) can be taken to ensure safety. (From *Waike Zhengzong*)
Cheng Shanling stated: Cuts from blades or sharp porcelain fragments result only in broken skin and flowing blood if superficial; if deep, tendons may sever with uncontrollable bleeding. For broken skin, Fuyuan San (Fortune-Origin Powder) should be sprinkled to stop bleeding and relieve pain. For severed tendons, Tianxia Diyi Jinchuang Yao (Number One Metal Wound Medicine in the World) should be applied. If both bone and tendon are severed, the patient's complexion will likely be sallow; externally, wind and cold must be avoided, and internally, cold foods are contraindicated. In cases of excessive blood loss, Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) or Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) should be used for tonification; there are no other methods. (From *Yangyi Shifa*)
*Maijing* states: For metal wound injuries with excessive bleeding, a deficient and fine pulse indicates survival, while a rapid, full, and large pulse indicates death. For bleeding from metal wounds, a deep and small pulse indicates survival, while a floating and large pulse indicates death. For chopping wounds losing one or two *shi* (a unit of volume/weight indicating massive loss) of blood, a large pulse predicts death within twenty days.
For stabbing wounds with unceasing bleeding where the pulse ceases, or becomes large, death occurs within seven days; a slippery and fine pulse indicates survival. If the pulse does not correspond to the disease, death ensues.
*Bingyuan* states: For metal wounds with severed intestines, prognosis varies by depth. If only one end of the intestine is visible, it cannot be reconnected. If abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and inability to eat occur, death follows in one and a half days for large intestine severance, and three days for small intestine severance. If both ends are visible, immediate suturing is possible: first, suture the severed intestine with needle and thread according to method, then apply rooster comb blood to the junction to prevent gas leakage, and push it back inside. If the intestine is eviscerated but intact, wash it with barley gruel juice, soak it, and return it to the abdomen. Drink the clear gruel liquid gradually; after more than twenty days, consume soft rice porridge, and after one hundred days, resume normal porridge diet.
*Linghui Fang* states: Patients with metal wound blood loss suffer from extreme thirst but must endure it. They should eat dry food and consume fatty substances to quench thirst. Porridge drinks must be avoided to prevent fatal blood overflow. Anger, loud laughter, physical labor, and consumption of salty/sour foods, hot wine, and hot soups are contraindicated, as they cause wound pain to flare up, potentially leading to immediate death.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* states: Metal wounds injuring the Tianchuang acupoint, eyebrow corners, back of the head, jumping vessels in the arms, inner thighs, upper and lower breasts, Xinjiuwei acupoint, small intestine, and Shu points of the Zang-Fu organs are fatal sites. Additionally, head trauma with brain matter extrusion, aphasia, upward staring eyes, bubbling sounds in the throat, salivation, and involuntary hand movements are untreatable.
*Jisheng Babui* states: For metal wound bleeding, a deficient and fine pulse is favorable, while a full and large pulse is dangerous.
It further states: Even if the injury is superficial, a weak and rapid vital pulse is concerning; if the injury is severe but the vital pulse is harmonious and slow, there is no cause for concern. In severe bleeding, the pulse should not be surging and large, but rather level, regular, and substantial.
It also states: If the abdomen is ruptured and intestines protrude, completely severed intestines are difficult to treat, but intact ones are curable. For ruptured intestines and abdominal wall, use hemp threads or mulberry bark fibers as sutures, coated with Huarui Shi San (Mineral Pyrite Powder), and suture from the inside. The intestine should be moistened with clarified oil to restore vitality before insertion into the abdomen, then the abdominal wall is sutured. Do not suture the outer redundant skin; leave it open, apply medicinal powder, and wait for tissue regeneration.
It further states: If the abdominal wall is broken and intestines and fat protrude, administer decoctions like Huoxue San (Blood-Invigorating Powder) or Foshou San (Buddha's Hand Powder) orally. The fat can be manually removed as it is non-vital tissue. Then, push the intestines back in and suture. Administer purgatives to prevent constipation.
*Zhengchuan* states: Generally, metal wounds, fractures, falls, and internal injuries invariably involve stagnant blood, which should first be expelled. If blood loss is excessive, the focus shifts to regulating and tonifying Qi and Blood. Huarui Shi San, Duoming San, Jiming San, Daozhi San, Posxue Xiaotong Tang (Blood-Breaking Pain-Relieving Decoction), and Fuyuan Huoxue Tang (Restoring Vitality Blood-Invigorating Decoction) are all selectable options.