岐伯曰∶木生酸，火生苦，土生甘，金生辛，水生咸。辛散，酸收，甘缓，苦坚，咸软
，而
味各有所利，四时五脏，病随所宜也。又曰∶阴之所生，本在五味，阴之五宫，伤在五味，
骨正筋柔，气血以流，腠理以密，骨气以清，长有天命。又曰∶圣人春夏养阳，秋冬养阴，
以崇其根，二气常存。春食凉，夏食寒，以养阳；秋食温，冬食热，以养阴。
五欲 肝欲酸，心欲苦，脾欲甘，肺欲辛，肾欲咸，此五味合五脏之气也。青色宜酸，
肝病
枣
五禁 肝病禁辛，宜食甘、粳、牛、枣、葵。心病禁咸，宜食酸，麻、犬、李、韭。脾
酸，宜食苦，大豆、豕、栗、藿。肺病禁苦，宜甘、麦、羊、杏、薤。肾病禁甘，宜食辛、
黄黍、鸡、桃、葱。思邈曰∶春宜省酸增甘，以养脾，夏宜省苦增辛以养肺，秋宜省辛增酸
以养肝，冬宜省咸增苦以养心，四季宜省甘增咸以养肾。时珍曰∶五欲者，五味入胃，喜归
本脏，有余之，病宜本味通之。五禁者，五脏不足之，病畏其所胜而宜其所不胜也。
五走 酸走筋，筋病毋多食酸，多食令人癃，酸气涩，收胞得酸而缩卷，故水道不通也
走骨，骨病毋多食苦，多食令人变呕，苦入下脘三焦皆闭，故变呕也。甘走肉，肉病毋多食
甘，多食令人 心，甘气柔润胃柔则缓，缓则虫动，故 心也。辛走气，气病毋多食辛，多
食令人恫心，辛动上焦与气俱行，久留心下故恫心也。咸走血，血病毋多食咸，多食令人渴
，血与咸相得则凝，凝则胃汁注之，故咽路焦而舌本强。
五伤 酸伤筋，辛胜酸；苦伤气，咸胜苦；甘伤肉，酸胜甘；辛伤皮毛，苦胜辛；咸伤
血，甘胜咸。
五过 味过于酸，肝气以津脾气乃绝，肉胝伤 而唇揭。味过于苦，脾气不濡胃气乃浓
槁而毛拔。味过于甘，心气喘满色黑肾气不平，骨痛而发落。味过于辛，筋脉沮绝，精神乃
，筋急而爪枯。味过于咸，大骨气劳短肌心气抑脉凝涩，而变色。时珍曰∶五走五伤者，本
脏之味自伤也。即阴之五官伤在五味也。五过者本脏之味，伐其所胜也。即脏气偏胜也。
岐伯说：木产生酸味，火产生苦味，土产生甘味，金产生辛味，水产生咸味。辛味能发散，酸味能收敛，甘味能缓和，苦味能坚燥，咸味能软坚，各种味道各有其适宜的作用，四季和五脏的疾病都应根据病情选择适宜的味道治疗。又说：阴精的生成，根本在于五味；但主管阴精的五脏（五宫），也会因五味不当而受损。骨骼端正、筋脉柔和，气血就能流畅运行，腠理致密，骨气清静，从而享有长寿的天命。又说：圣人在春夏季节养护阳气，在秋冬季节养护阴气，以巩固根本，使阴阳二气常存。春季饮食宜凉，夏季饮食宜寒，以此养护阳气；秋季饮食宜温，冬季饮食宜热，以此养护阴气。
五脏的欲望：肝喜欢酸味，心喜欢苦味，脾喜欢甘味，肺喜欢辛味，肾喜欢咸味，这是五味与五脏之气相合的道理。青色对应酸味，肝病适宜吃酸味食物……（此处原文有缺漏，依文意补全逻辑）……枣。
五脏禁忌：肝病禁忌辛味，适宜食用甘味、粳米、牛肉、大枣、冬葵。心病禁忌咸味，适宜食用酸味、芝麻、犬肉、李子、韭菜。脾病禁忌酸味，适宜食用苦味、大豆、猪肉、栗子、豆叶。肺病禁忌苦味，适宜食用甘味、小麦、羊肉、杏子、小蒜。肾病禁忌甘味，适宜食用辛味、黄黍、鸡肉、桃子、葱。
孙思邈说：春季应当减少酸味增加甘味，以养护脾气；夏季应当减少苦味增加辛味，以养护肺气；秋季应当减少辛味增加酸味，以养护肝气；冬季应当减少咸味增加苦味，以养心气；四季应当减少甘味增加咸味，以养护肾气。李时珍说：所谓“五欲”，是指五味进入胃后，喜好归入本脏，若有余则通过本味来疏通它。所谓“五禁”，是指五脏不足时，疾病畏惧其所不胜（克制它的五行）而适宜食用其所胜（它克制的五行）的食物。
五味所走：酸味走筋，筋有病不要多吃酸味，多吃会让人小便不通利，因为酸气涩滞，收缩膀胱使其卷缩，所以水道不通。咸味走骨，骨有病不要多吃咸味，多吃会让人呕吐，因为咸味进入下脘，导致三焦闭塞，所以发生呕吐。甘味走肉，肉有病不要多吃甘味，多吃让人心中烦闷，因为甘气柔润，胃气变得缓弱，缓弱则虫动，所以心中烦闷。辛味走气，气有病不要多吃辛味，多吃让人心痛，因为辛味扰动上焦，随着气一起运行，久留于心下所以心痛。咸味走血，血有病不要多吃咸味，多吃让人口渴，因为血与咸味相遇则凝结，凝结后胃汁注入补充，所以咽喉干燥、舌根僵硬。
五味所伤：酸味伤筋，辛味能胜酸味；苦味伤气，咸味能胜苦味；甘味伤肉，酸味能胜甘味；辛味伤皮毛，苦味能胜辛味；咸味伤血，甘味能胜咸味。
五味过偏的危害：味道过于酸，肝气就会溢满，脾气因而绝断，肌肉干皱起皮且嘴唇翻揭。味道过于苦，脾气不能濡润，胃气因而壅滞，肠中干枯且毛发脱落。味道过于甘，心气喘促胀满，面色发黑，肾气不平，骨头疼痛且头发脱落。味道过于辛，筋脉败坏断绝，精神耗散，筋脉拘急且指甲枯槁。味道过于咸，大骨气力劳损，肌肉短缩，心气受抑，脉道凝涩，面色改变。李时珍说：“五走”和“五伤”，是本脏之味自我伤害，也就是阴之五官因五味而受伤。“五过”是本脏之味过度，去伐克它所胜的脏腑，也就是脏气偏盛。
Qibo stated: Wood generates sourness, Fire generates bitterness, Earth generates sweetness, Metal generates pungency, and Water generates saltiness. Pungency disperses, sourness astringes, sweetness moderates, bitterness hardens, and saltiness softens. Each flavor has its specific benefits; diseases of the four seasons and five Zang organs should be treated according to what is appropriate. It is also said: The generation of Yin essence originates from the five flavors; however, the five palaces (Zang organs) governing Yin can be damaged by improper consumption of the five flavors. When bones are upright and tendons are flexible, Qi and Blood flow smoothly, the interstices (Cou Li) become dense, and Bone Qi remains clear, thereby ensuring longevity. It is further stated: Sages nourish Yang in Spring and Summer, and nourish Yin in Autumn and Winter, to consolidate the root and preserve the two Qi. In Spring, food should be cool; in Summer, cold, to nourish Yang; in Autumn, warm; in Winter, hot, to nourish Yin.
The desires of the five Zang organs: The Liver desires sourness, the Heart desires bitterness, the Spleen desires sweetness, the Lungs desire pungency, and the Kidneys desire saltiness. This reflects the harmony between the five flavors and the Qi of the five Zang organs. Green corresponds to sourness; Liver diseases are suitable for sour foods... [text gap] ...dates.
Five Contraindications: For Liver disease, pungency is contraindicated; sweet foods like Jingsi (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa), beef, dates, and Okra are suitable. For Heart disease, saltiness is contraindicated; sour foods like Sesame, dog meat, plums, and Chinese chives are suitable. For Spleen disease, sourness is contraindicated; bitter foods like Soybeans, pork, chestnuts, and soybean leaves are suitable. For Lung disease, bitterness is contraindicated; sweet foods like Wheat, mutton, apricots, and Wild garlic are suitable. For Kidney disease, sweetness is contraindicated; pungent foods like Yellow millet, chicken, peaches, and Scallions are suitable.
Sun Simiao stated: In Spring, one should reduce sourness and increase sweetness to nourish the Spleen; in Summer, reduce bitterness and increase pungency to nourish the Lungs; in Autumn, reduce pungency and increase sourness to nourish the Liver; in Winter, reduce saltiness and increase bitterness to nourish the Heart; throughout the four seasons, reduce sweetness and increase saltiness to nourish the Kidneys. Li Shizhen stated: "Five Desires" refers to the five flavors entering the stomach and preferring to return to their corresponding Zang organ; if excessive, the corresponding flavor is used to unblock it. "Five Contraindications" refers to when a Zang organ is deficient, the disease fears the element that overcomes it and is suitable for the element it overcomes.
Five Paths: Sourness travels to the Tendons. If there is a tendon disease, do not consume too much sourness, as it causes strangury (difficulty urinating). Sour Qi is astringent and contracts the bladder, leading to obstruction of the water passages. Saltiness travels to the Bones. If there is a bone disease, do not consume too much saltiness, as it causes vomiting. Saltiness enters the lower Stomach, closing the Triple Burner, thus causing vomiting. Sweetness travels to the Flesh. If there is a flesh disease, do not consume too much sweetness, as it causes heart discomfort. Sweet Qi is moistening; if the Stomach becomes too relaxed, parasites may move, causing heart discomfort. Pungency travels to Qi. If there is a Qi disease, do not consume too much pungency, as it causes heart pain. Pungency disturbs the Upper Burner and moves with Qi; lingering below the heart causes pain. Saltiness travels to the Blood. If there is a blood disease, do not consume too much saltiness, as it causes thirst. When Blood meets saltiness, it coagulates; the coagulation draws Stomach juices to compensate, resulting in a dry throat and stiff tongue base.
Five Injuries: Sourness injures the Tendons, overcome by Pungency; Bitterness injures Qi, overcome by Saltiness; Sweetness injures Flesh, overcome by Sourness; Pungency injures the Skin and Hair, overcome by Bitterness; Saltiness injures Blood, overcome by Sweetness.
Excesses of Flavors: Excessive sourness causes Liver Qi to overflow and Spleen Qi to cease, leading to calloused skin and everted lips. Excessive bitterness causes Spleen Qi to fail to moisten and Stomach Qi to stagnate, leading to dry intestines and fallen hair. Excessive sweetness causes Heart Qi to pant and distend, dark complexion, imbalance of Kidney Qi, bone pain, and hair loss. Excessive pungness causes the failure of sinews and vessels, dissipation of Spirit, tendon spasms, and withered nails. Excessive saltiness causes labor in the large bones, shortening of muscles, suppression of Heart Qi, congealed and astringent pulses, and discoloration of the face. Li Shizhen stated: "Five Paths" and "Five Injuries" refer to self-injury by the flavor of the original Zang organ, i.e., injury to the five Zang organs by the five flavors. "Five Excesses" refer to the flavor of the original Zang organ attacking the organ it overcomes, i.e., excess of Zang Qi.