气味甘寒，无毒。主咳逆，（补中降气不使以逆。）寒热（除脾胃湿滞之寒热，
非谓可以通治寒热。）烦满，（性寒除热，即可上止烦；质重降逆，即可以泄满。）下利赤
白。（除湿热之功。）血闭，症瘕。（消湿热所滞之淤积。）大热。（热在阳明者，热必甚，此
能除
之。）炼饵，服之不饥，（其质类谷粉而补脾土，所以谓之粮而能充饥也。）轻身延年。（补养
后天之效。）
按李时珍曰∶生池泽者，为禹余粮；生山谷者，为太一余粮。《本经》虽分两种，而治
体则同。
气味苦、温，无毒。主五癃关格不通，利小便水道，疗小儿惊、大人 ，仍自还
神化。（以皂荚水洗净，复用甘草水洗、盐水洗，晒干入瓶内，以盐土固济， 存性，谓之
血余灰，研极细用。）
陈修园曰∶心主血，发者血之余也，属手少阴心。《经》云∶肾之合骨也，其荣发也，
属足少阴肾。又云∶皮毛者，肺之合也。发亦毛类，属手太阴肺，肺为水源，小肠为心府，
故主五癃关格不通、水道不利等症。调肺气，宁心神，除心肺之痰，故主小儿痫、大人 等
证。其曰∶仍自还神化者，谓发为血余，乃水精奉心化血所生；今取以炼服，仍能入至阴之
藏，助水精而上奉心脏之神，以化其血也。后人感于以人补人之说，每用紫河车增热为害，
十服十死，不如用此药之验。
【禹余粮】
气味甘、寒，无毒。主治咳嗽气逆，（补益中气并降逆气，防止气机上逆。）寒热往来，（清除脾胃湿滞引起的寒热症状，并非指能通治所有类型的寒热。）烦闷胀满，（药性寒凉可清热，从而在上部止烦；质地沉重能降逆，从而消除胀满。）下利赤白痢。（发挥除湿清热的功效。）血闭，症瘕积聚。（消除因湿热停滞形成的淤积。）大热。（若热邪在阳明经，热度必然剧烈，此药能清除这种热邪。）炼制后服用，吃了不觉得饥饿，（其质地类似谷粉且能补益脾土，所以称为“粮”并能充饥。）轻身延年。（这是补养后天之本的功效。）
按语：李时珍说：生长在池塘沼泽中的，称为禹余粮；生长在山谷中的，称为太一余粮。《神农本草经》虽然将这两种分开记载，但它们的药效本质是相同的。
【发】
气味苦、温，无毒。主治五种癃闭及关格不通的症状，通利小便水道，治疗小儿惊风、大人痫证，（用皂荚水洗净，再用甘草水洗、盐水洗，晒干装入瓶内，用盐和泥土密封固济，煅烧存性，称为血余灰，研磨成极细粉末使用。）仍能使神气恢复变化。（意指通过炼化服用，仍能回归本源，化生神气。）
陈修园说：心主司血液，头发是血液的剩余部分，归属于手少阴心经。《黄帝内经》说：肾与骨相合，其华在发，归属于足少阴肾经。又说：皮毛与肺相合。头发也属于毛类，归属于手太阴肺经。肺为水之上源，小肠为心之腑，因此本药能主治五种癃闭、关格不通、水道不利等症状。通过调理肺气，安宁心神，清除心肺之痰，所以主治小儿痫证、大人痫证等病症。文中所说的“仍自还神化”，是指头发作为血的剩余，是由水精奉送于心化为血所生成；如今取来炼服，仍能进入至阴之脏，帮助水精上奉给心脏之神，以化生血液。后人受“以人补人”说法的影响，常常使用紫河车增加热邪造成危害，十次服用十次致死，不如使用此药的疗效确切。
[Yu Yu Liang (Hematitum)]
Taste and nature: Sweet, cold; non-toxic. Indications: Cough with rebellious Qi (cough accompanied by upward counterflow of Qi), (tonifies the Middle Jiao and directs Qi downward to prevent rebellion.) Alternating chills and fever (removes chills and fever caused by dampness and stagnation in the Spleen and Stomach, not implying it treats all types of chills and fever.) Vexation and fullness (its cold nature clears heat, thereby stopping vexation from above; its heavy quality directs Qi downward, thereby draining fullness.) Dysentery with red and white discharge (exerts the effect of removing dampness and clearing heat.) Blood obstruction and masses (消-accumulations) (dissolves stasis accumulated due to damp-heat.) Severe heat (if heat is in the Yangming channel, the heat will be intense; this herb can remove it.) After refining and taking it, one does not feel hungry (its texture resembles grain powder and it tonifies Spleen Earth, hence called "grain" and capable of satisfying hunger.) Lightens the body and prolongs life (this is the effect of nourishing the Post-Heaven foundation.)
Note: Li Shizhen stated: Those growing in ponds and marshes are called Yu Yu Liang; those growing in mountains and valleys are called Tai Yi Yu Liang. Although *Shennong Bencao Jing* lists them as two different items, their therapeutic properties are the same.
[Fa (Human Hair)]
Taste and nature: Bitter, warm; non-toxic. Indications: Five types of strangury (lóng) and Guan Ge syndrome (obstruction with inability to urinate or defecate), promotes free flow of the urinary water passages, treats pediatric convulsions and adult epilepsy (wash clean with soap pod water, then rinse with licorice root water and salt water, dry, place in a bottle, seal tightly with salt and earth, calcine until charred but retaining substance, known as Xue Yu Hui [Ash of Human Hair], grind into extremely fine powder for use.) It still allows the spirit to transform and return to its source.
Chen Xiuyuan said: The Heart governs blood, and hair is the surplus of blood, belonging to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian. The *Classic* states: The Kidney corresponds to bones, and its luster manifests in the hair, belonging to the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian. It also states: Skin and hair correspond to the Lung. Hair is also a type of hair/fur, belonging to the Hand-Taiyin Lung meridian. The Lung is the source of water, and the Small Intestine is the interior-exterior pair of the Heart. Therefore, it treats symptoms such as five types of strangury, Guan Ge obstruction, and impaired water passages. By regulating Lung Qi, calming the Heart Spirit, and eliminating phlegm from the Heart and Lungs, it treats conditions such as pediatric epilepsy and adult epilepsy. The phrase "still allows the spirit to transform and return to its source" means that since hair is the surplus of blood, it is generated when water essence is sent up to the Heart to transform into blood; now, by taking it after refining, it can still enter the Zang organs of extreme Yin, assisting the water essence to ascend to the Heart's Spirit, thereby transforming blood. Later generations, influenced by the theory of "using human parts to supplement humans," often used Placenta Humana (Zi He Che) which increases heat and causes harm; ten doses result in ten deaths, whereas using this herb proves more effective.