（《灵枢·邪客篇》《大惑论》）
黄帝问于伯高曰∶夫邪气之客人也，或令人目不瞑、不卧出者，何气使然？（《灵枢·邪客篇》）
邪气感人，令人寐无从生，故云不卧出也。瞑音明，又上声。）伯高曰∶五谷入于胃也，其糟粕、津液、宗气，分为
三隧。故宗气积于胸中，出于喉咙，以贯心脉而行呼吸焉。（宗气，大气也。隧，道也。糟粕之道出于下焦，津液之道出
于中焦，宗气之道出于上焦，故分为三隧。喉咙为肺之系而下贯于心，故通宗气而行呼吸。粕音朴。隧音遂。）营气者，
泌其津液，注之于脉，化以为血，以荣四末，内注五脏六腑，以应刻数焉。（荣气出于中焦，中焦者受水谷之气，泌其津
液，变化以为血脉，外而四肢，内而脏腑，无所不至，故其营运之数，与刻数皆相应也。义详经络类二十四、二十六。
泌音秘，泉水貌。）卫气者，出其悍气之 疾，而先行于四末分肉皮肤之间而不休者也。昼日行于阳，夜行于阴，常从足
少阴之分间，行于五脏六腑。（卫气者，水谷之悍气也。其气 疾滑利，不能入于脉中，故先行于四末分肉皮肤之间而不
休者也。义详本类前六十七及经络类第六。昼行于阳，常从足太阳始，夜行于阴，常从足少阴始，义详经络类二十五。）
今厥气客于五脏六腑，则卫气独卫其外，行于阳不得入于阴。行于阳则阳气盛，阳气盛则阳跷陷；不得入于阴，阴虚故
目不瞑。（邪气逆于脏腑，则卫气不得入于阴分，故偏盛于阳。阳偏盛则阳跷陷，陷者受伤之谓，阳盛阴虚，故目不瞑。
又《大惑论》义正与此同，详见下文。跷有五音∶跷、皎、乔、脚，又极虐切。）黄帝曰∶善。治之奈何？伯高曰∶补其
不足，泻其有余，（此刺治之补泻也。补其不足，即阴跷所出足少阴之照海也。泻其有余，即阳跷所出足太阳之申脉也。
若阴盛阳虚而多卧者，自当补阳泻阴矣。）调其虚实，以通其道而去其邪，饮以半夏汤一剂，阴阳已通，其卧立至。（谓
既刺之后，仍当用药以治之。凡不卧之证，有邪实者多属外因，有营虚者多属内因，此半夏汤一法，盖专为去邪者设耳。）
黄帝曰∶善。此所谓决渎壅塞，经络大通，阴阳和得者也。愿闻其方。伯高曰∶其汤方∶以流水千里以外者八升，扬之
万遍，取其清五升煮之，炊以苇薪；（古今量数不同，大约古之黍量一斗，合今之铁斛数三升二合。然则云八升者，即今
之二升五合六勺，云五升者，即今之一升六合许耳。火沸，置秫米一升，治半夏五合，徐炊令竭为一升半；火沸者，先
以火沸其水，而后置药于中也。秫米，糯小米也，即黍米之类而粒小于黍，可以作酒，北人呼为小黄米，其性味甘粘微
凉，能养营补阴；半夏味辛性温，能和胃散邪，除腹胀目不得瞑，故并用之。秫米一升，约今之三合二勺。半夏五合，
约今之一合六勺。炊至一升半，约今之四合八勺也。秫音术。）去其滓，饮汁一小杯，日三，稍益，以知为度。故其病新
发者，覆杯则卧，汗出则已矣；久者，三饮而已也。（滓音子， 也。）
黄帝曰∶病而不得卧者，何气使然？（《灵枢·大惑论》。）
此言因病而不得卧者也。岐伯曰∶卫气不得入于阴，常留于阳。留于阳则阳气满，阳气满则阳跷盛，不得入于阴则
阴气虚，故目不瞑矣。（卫气昼行于阳，夜行于阴，行阳则寤，行阴则寐，此其常也。若病而失常，则或留于阴，或留于
阳，留则阴阳有所偏胜，有偏胜则有偏虚而寤寐亦失常矣。）
黄帝曰∶病目而不得视者，何气使然？岐伯曰∶卫气留于阴，不得行于阳。留于阴则阴气盛，阴气盛则阴跷满，不
得入于阳则阳气虚，故目闭也。（此言因病而目有不能开视及病而多寐者，以卫气留于阴分，阴跷满而阳气虚耳。观《寒
热病篇》曰∶阴跷阳跷，阴阳相交，阳入阴，阴出阳，交于目内 ，阳气盛则 目，阴气盛则瞑目。即此上文两节之义。
详针刺类四十四。）
黄帝曰∶人之多卧者，何气使然？岐伯曰∶此人肠胃大而皮肤湿，而分肉不解焉。肠胃大则卫气留久，皮肤湿则分
肉不解，其行迟。夫卫气者，昼日常行于阳，夜行于阴，故阳气尽则卧，阴气尽则寤。故肠胃大则卫气行留久，皮肤湿、
分肉不解则行迟，留于阴也久，其气不精则欲瞑，故多卧矣。（此下二节，言有不因于病而为多卧少卧之异者也。解，利
也。人之脏腑在内，内者阴也；皮肤分肉在外，外者阳也。肠胃大则阴道迂远，肉理湿滞不利则阳道舒迟，故卫气之留
于阴分者久，行于阳分者少，阳气不精，所以多瞑卧也。今人有饱食之后即欲瞑者，正以水谷之悍气暴实于中，则卫气
盛于阴分，而精阳之气有不能胜之耳。世俗但呼为脾倦，而不知其有由然也。）其肠胃小，皮肤滑以缓，分肉解利，卫气
之留于阳也久，故少瞑焉。（肠胃小，则卫气之留于阴者小，皮肤滑以缓，分肉解利，则卫气之留于阳者久，故少瞑也。）
黄帝曰∶其非常经也，卒然多卧者，何气使然？（非常经者，言其变也，盖以明邪气之所致然者。）岐伯曰∶邪气留
于上 ，上 闭而不通，已食若饮汤，卫气留久于阴而不行，故卒然多卧焉。（邪气居于上焦而加之食饮，则卫气留闭于
中，不能外达阳分，故猝然多卧。然有因病而不能瞑者，盖以邪客于脏，则格拒卫气，不得内归阴分耳。 ，焦同。）黄
帝曰∶善。治此诸邪奈何？岐伯曰∶先其脏腑，诛其小过，后调其气，盛者泻之，虚者补之，必先明知其形志之苦乐，
定乃取之。（治此诸邪者，统言本论八证也。此篇止类其五，外神乱则惑等三证，详前八十一。先其脏腑者，欲辨阴阳之
浅深也。诛其小过者，言此诸证，虽非重大之疾，亦不可不除之也。然人之致此，各有所由，故于形志苦乐，尤所当察。
盖苦者忧劳，多伤心肺之阳，乐者纵肆，多伤脾肾之阴，必有定见，然后可以治之。）
（出自《灵枢·邪客篇》和《大惑论》）
黄帝向伯高问道：邪气侵入人体，有的使人眼睛闭不上、无法入睡，这是什么原因造成的？（出自《灵枢·邪客篇》）
邪气侵犯人体，导致人无法产生睡意，所以称为“不卧出”。瞑（míng），意为闭眼，又读去声。伯高回答说：五谷进入胃中后，其糟粕、津液、宗气分为三条通道运行。因此，宗气积聚在胸中，出于喉咙，贯通心脉以推动呼吸。（宗气，即大气。隧，指通道。糟粕的通道出于下焦，津液的通道出于中焦，宗气的通道出于上焦，所以分为三条隧道。喉咙是肺的系带，向下贯通于心，所以能通行宗气并推动呼吸。粕音pò。隧音suì。）营气，分泌津液，注入脉中，转化为血液，以滋养四肢末端，向内灌注五脏六腑，其运行节律与漏刻计时相应。（营气出于中焦，中焦接受水谷之气，分泌津液，变化形成血脉，向外达于四肢，向内达于脏腑，无处不到，所以它的运行次数与漏刻计时都相应。详细义理见经络类第二十四、二十六条。泌音bì，形容泉水涌出的样子。）卫气，发出其剽悍滑利的特性，先行于四肢、分肉和皮肤之间而不停息。白天行于阳分，夜晚行于阴分，通常从足少阴肾经的分野间，行于五脏六腑。（卫气，是水谷产生的剽悍之气。其气剽疾滑利，不能进入脉中，所以先行于四肢、分肉和皮肤之间而不停息。详细义理见本类前六十七条及经络类第六条。白天行于阳分，通常从足太阳膀胱经开始；夜晚行于阴分，通常从足少阴肾经开始，详细义理见经络类第二十五条。）
现在厥逆之气客居于五脏六腑，那么卫气只能独自护卫体表，行于阳分而不能进入阴分。行于阳分则阳气偏盛，阳气偏盛则阳跷脉受损；不能进入阴分，阴气虚弱，所以眼睛闭不上。（邪气逆乱于脏腑，卫气就不能进入阴分，所以偏盛于阳分。阳分偏盛则阳跷脉受损，陷是指受伤的意思，阳盛阴虚，所以眼睛闭不上。另外《大惑论》的道理与此相同，详见下文。跷有五个读音：qiāo、jiǎo、qiáo、jiǎo，以及极虐切。）黄帝说：好。怎么治疗呢？伯高说：补其不足，泻其有余，（这是针刺治疗的补泻方法。补其不足，即补足阴跷脉所出的足少阴肾经照海穴。泻其有余，即泻阳跷脉所出的足太阳膀胱经申脉穴。如果是阴盛阳虚而导致多睡的，自然应当补阳泻阴了。）调和虚实，疏通其道，祛除邪气，服用半夏汤一剂，阴阳之气得以通畅，睡眠立刻就能恢复。（意思是既然已经施针之后，仍应当用药来治疗。凡是不睡觉的病证，有邪气实的多属于外因，有营血虚的多属于内因，这半夏汤这一法度，大概是专门为了祛除邪气而设立的。）黄帝说：好。这就是所说的疏通沟渠壅塞，经络大通，阴阳调和的方法。我想听听这个方子。伯高说：那个汤方的配方是：用千里之外的流水八升，反复扬洒万遍，取其清水五升用来煮药，用芦苇作为燃料；（古今度量衡不同，大约古制的一斗黍，相当于现在的铁斛三升二合。那么说的八升，就是现在的二升五合六勺；说的五升，就是现在的一升六合左右。火煮沸后，放入秫米一升，炮制过的半夏五合，慢慢熬煮直到水量减少到一升半；火沸的意思是，先让水沸腾，然后再放入药物。秫米，是糯小米，也就是黍米一类但颗粒比黍小，可以用来酿酒，北方人叫它小黄米，其性味甘、粘、微凉，能滋养营血、补益阴液；半夏味辛性温，能和胃散邪，消除腹胀和眼睛睡不着的症状，所以两者并用。秫米一升，约合现在的三合二勺。半夏五合，约合现在的一合六勺。熬煮至一升半，约合现在的四合八勺。秫音shú。）去掉药渣，每次饮用一小杯，每天三次，逐渐增加剂量，以见效为限度。所以新发病的人，喝完药盖好被子就能睡着，出汗就好了；病程久的，喝三次就好了。（滓音zǐ，药渣。）
黄帝问：患病而不能入睡，是什么气造成的？（出自《灵枢·大惑论》。）
这是说因为生病而不能入睡的情况。岐伯说：卫气不能进入阴分，常停留在阳分。停留在阳分则阳气满盛，阳气满盛则阳跷脉旺盛，不能进入阴分则阴气虚弱，所以眼睛闭不上。（卫气白天行于阳分，夜晚行于阴分，行于阳分就清醒，行于阴分就睡眠，这是正常规律。如果生病打破了常规，就会或停留于阴分，或停留于阳分，停留就会导致阴阳偏胜，有偏胜就有偏虚，从而睡眠也失常了。）
黄帝问：患病而眼睛不能睁开视物的，是什么气造成的？岐伯说：卫气停留在阴分，不能行于阳分。停留在阴分则阴气盛，阴气盛则阴跷脉满盛，不能进入阳分则阳气虚弱，所以眼睛闭合。（这是说因为生病而导致眼睛不能睁开视物以及嗜睡多眠的情况，是因为卫气停留在阴分，阴跷脉满盛而阳气虚弱罢了。看《寒热病篇》说：阴跷和阳跷，阴阳相交，阳入阴，阴出阳，交汇于目内眦，阳气盛则睁眼，阴气盛则闭眼睡觉。就是上面两节的道理。详细见针刺类第四十四条。）
黄帝问：人之所以多睡的，是什么气造成的？岐伯说：这种人肠胃较大，皮肤湿润，分肉之间不解利。肠胃大则卫气停留时间长，皮肤湿润则分肉之间不通利，卫气运行迟缓。卫气，白天常行于阳分，夜晚行于阴分，所以阳气尽时睡觉，阴气尽时醒来。因此肠胃大则卫气在体内停留时间长，皮肤湿润、分肉不通利则运行迟缓，停留在阴分的时间久，阳气不精粹则想睡觉，所以多睡。（下面两节，说的是没有因病而导致多睡或少睡差异的原因。解，通利之意。人的脏腑在内，内属阴；皮肤分肉在外，外属阳。肠胃大则阴道迂远，肌肉纹理湿滞不利则阳道舒缓迟缓，所以卫气留在阴分的时间久，行于阳分的时间少，阳气不精粹，所以多闭眼睡觉。现在有人吃饱饭后就想睡觉，正是因为水谷的剽悍之气突然充实于中焦，导致卫气盛于阴分，而精纯的阳气不能胜过它罢了。世俗只称之为脾倦，却不知道其中有缘由。）如果肠胃小，皮肤光滑松弛，分肉之间解利，卫气在阳分停留的时间久，所以少睡。（肠胃小，则卫气留在阴分的时间短，皮肤光滑松弛，分肉解利，则卫气留在阳分的时间久，所以少睡。）
黄帝问：不是正常的经脉运行，突然多睡的，是什么气造成的？（所谓非常经，是说这是一种变异情况，大概是为了说明是由邪气导致的。）岐伯说：邪气留滞于上焦，上焦闭塞不通，刚吃过饭或喝过汤，卫气长时间停留在阴分而不能外出，所以突然多睡。（邪气居于上焦再加上饮食，卫气就闭阻在中焦，不能外达阳分，所以猝然多睡。然而也有因病而不能睡觉的，这是因为邪气客居脏腑，格拒卫气，使其不能内归阴分罢了。 ，同“焦”。）黄帝说：好。治疗这些邪气引起的病症怎么办？岐伯说：先辨别脏腑病变，纠正小的过失，然后调理气机，实证用泻法，虚证用补法，必须先明确了解病人的形体和心理的苦乐状况，确定治疗方案后再取穴治疗。（治疗这些邪气，总括论述本篇的八种证候。此篇只归类了五种，其余神志错乱等三种证候，详见前第八十一条。先辨脏腑，是想辨别阴阳病的深浅。纠正小过，是说这些证候虽然不是什么重大疾病，也不可不去除。然而人导致这些病症，各有原因，所以对形体的劳苦和心理的苦乐尤其应当考察。一般来说，忧劳痛苦者多伤心肺之阳，纵欲享乐者多伤脾肾之阴，必须有确定的见解，然后才可以治疗。）
(From *Lingshu: Xieke Pian* and *Da Huo Lun*)
Huangdi asked Bogao: When pathogenic factors invade the human body, some cause people to keep their eyes open and be unable to sleep. What qi causes this? (From *Lingshu: Xieke Pian*)
When pathogenic factors invade the human body, they prevent the generation of sleep, hence it is called "unable to sleep." Ming (close eyes), pronounced míng, also read with the departing tone. Bogao replied: When five grains enter the stomach, their dregs, body fluids, and Zong Qi (Gathering Qi) are divided into three channels for transport. Therefore, Zong Qi accumulates in the chest, emerges from the throat, penetrates the Heart vessels, and governs respiration. (Zong Qi is also known as Da Qi [Great Qi]. Sui refers to a channel or pathway. The channel for dregs emerges from the Lower Jiao; the channel for body fluids emerges from the Middle Jiao; the channel for Zong Qi emerges from the Upper Jiao, thus forming three channels. The throat is the connection of the Lung, extending downward to connect with the Heart, allowing the passage of Zong Qi to govern respiration. Po is pronounced pò. Sui is pronounced suì.) Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) secretes body fluids, injects them into the vessels, transforms them into blood, nourishes the four extremities, and internally irrigates the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, its circulation rhythm corresponding to the water clock. (Ying Qi originates from the Middle Jiao. The Middle Jiao receives the essence of food and drink, secretes body fluids, and transforms them into blood vessels. Externally reaching the limbs and internally reaching the viscera, it permeates everywhere; thus, its number of circulations corresponds to the water clock. For detailed principles, see Meridians Category 24 and 26. Mi is pronounced bì, describing the appearance of spring water flowing.) Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) emits its fierce and slippery nature, proceeding first among the four extremities, interstices of muscles, and skin without rest. During the day, it travels in the Yang aspects; at night, it travels in the Yin aspects, usually starting from the interspaces of Foot Shaoyin Kidney Channel, traveling through the Five Zang and Six Fu organs. (Wei Qi is the fierce qi derived from food and drink. Its nature is swift and slippery, unable to enter the vessels, so it proceeds first among the extremities, muscle interstices, and skin without rest. For detailed principles, see this category item 67 and Meridians Category 6. Traveling in Yang during the day usually begins with Foot Taiyang Bladder Channel; traveling in Yin at night usually begins with Foot Shaoyin Kidney Channel, see Meridians Category 25 for details.)
Now, if Jue Qi (Rebellious Qi) lodges in the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, Wei Qi can only guard the exterior, traveling in the Yang aspects and failing to enter the Yin aspects. Traveling in Yang leads to an excess of Yang qi; when Yang qi is excessive, the Yang Qiao vessel becomes deficient/injured. Failing to enter Yin leads to deficiency of Yin qi, resulting in inability to close the eyes. (Pathogenic factors rebelling in the viscera prevent Wei Qi from entering the Yin aspect, causing it to prevail in Yang. Prevailing in Yang causes injury to the Yang Qiao vessel; "Xian" implies injury. Yang excess and Yin deficiency result in inability to close the eyes. Furthermore, the principle in *Da Huo Lun* is identical to this, detailed below. Qiao has five pronunciations: qiāo, jiǎo, qiáo, jiǎo, and jí nüè qiē.) Huangdi said: Excellent. How should it be treated? Bogao said: Tonify what is insufficient, sedate what is excessive. (This refers to tonification and sedation in acupuncture. Tonifying insufficiency involves the Zhaohai point of Foot Shaoyin Kidney Channel, where the Yin Qiao vessel originates. Sedating excess involves the Shenmai point of Foot Taiyang Bladder Channel, where the Yang Qiao vessel originates. If one suffers from excessive Yin and deficient Yang leading to hypersomnia, one should naturally tonify Yang and sedate Yin.) Harmonize deficiency and excess, unblock the pathways, and eliminate pathogenic factors. Administer one dose of Banxia Tang (Pinellia Decoction); once Yin and Yang are unblocked, sleep will resume immediately. (This means that after acupuncture, medication should still be used for treatment. Generally, insomnia due to pathogenic excess belongs to external causes, while insomnia due to Ying deficiency belongs to internal causes. This method of Banxia Tang is specifically designed to eliminate pathogens.) Huangdi said: Excellent. This is what is meant by dredging obstructions, unblocking the meridians extensively, and harmonizing Yin and Yang. I wish to hear the prescription. Bogao said: The formula is as follows: Use eight sheng of running water from a distance of a thousand li, stir and splash it ten thousand times, take five sheng of the clear water for decoction, and use reed firewood as fuel. (Ancient and modern measurements differ. Approximately, one dou of millet in ancient times equals about 3.2 sheng in modern iron hu measures. Thus, eight sheng equals about 2.56 sheng today; five sheng equals about 1.6 sheng today. Once the water boils, add one sheng of Shumi (Glutinous Millet) and half a sheng of prepared Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), simmer slowly until the volume reduces to one and a half sheng. "Boiling" here means boiling the water first before adding the herbs. Shumi is glutinous millet, similar to Setaria italica but with smaller grains, usable for brewing wine, commonly called small yellow millet in the North. Its nature is sweet, sticky, and slightly cool, capable of nourishing Ying Qi and tonifying Yin. Banxia is acrid and warm, capable of harmonizing the Stomach, dispersing pathogens, relieving abdominal distension, and treating insomnia. Hence, both are used together. One sheng of Shumi is approximately 3.2 chi today; half a sheng of Banxia is approximately 1.6 chi today. Simmering to one and a half sheng is approximately 4.8 chi today. Shu is pronounced shú.) Remove the dregs, drink one small cup, three times a day, gradually increasing the dose until therapeutic effects are observed. For newly onset cases, sleep occurs immediately after drinking, and sweating indicates recovery; for chronic cases, three doses suffice. (Zi is pronounced zǐ, referring to dregs.)
Huangdi asked: What qi causes illness-related insomnia? (From *Lingshu: Da Huo Lun*.)
This discusses insomnia caused by illness. Qibo said: When Wei Qi fails to enter Yin and remains in Yang, Yang qi becomes full. Fullness of Yang qi leads to abundance of Yang Qiao vessel. Failure to enter Yin results in deficiency of Yin qi, causing inability to close the eyes. (Wei Qi travels in Yang during the day and in Yin at night; traveling in Yang leads to wakefulness, traveling in Yin leads to sleep—this is the norm. If illness disrupts this pattern, Qi may remain in Yin or Yang. Retention leads to Yin-Yang imbalance and deficiency, causing abnormal sleep-wake cycles.)
Huangdi asked: What qi causes illness-related inability to open the eyes and see? Qibo said: When Wei Qi remains in Yin and fails to travel in Yang, Yin qi becomes abundant. Abundance of Yin qi leads to fullness of Yin Qiao vessel. Failure to enter Yang results in deficiency of Yang qi, causing the eyes to remain closed. (This discusses illness-related inability to open the eyes and hypersomnia, caused by Wei Qi remaining in Yin, leading to fullness of Yin Qiao and deficiency of Yang. As stated in *Hanre Bing Pian*: Yin Qiao and Yang Qiao intersect; Yang enters Yin, Yin exits Yang, meeting at the inner canthus. Abundant Yang qi leads to opening the eyes; abundant Yin qi leads to closing the eyes for sleep. This aligns with the previous two sections. See Acupuncture Category 44 for details.)
Huangdi asked: What qi causes natural hypersomnia? Qibo said: In such individuals, the intestines and stomach are large, the skin is damp, and the muscle interstices are not loose/efficient. Large intestines and stomach cause Wei Qi to remain longer; damp skin and inefficient muscle interstices cause slow movement. Wei Qi normally travels in Yang during the day and in Yin at night; thus, when Yang qi exhausts, one sleeps, and when Yin qi exhausts, one wakes. Therefore, large intestines and stomach prolong Wei Qi's stay in Yin; damp skin and inefficient muscle interstices slow its movement, prolonging its stay in Yin. Lack of refined Yang qi induces sleepiness, hence hypersomnia. (The following two sections explain differences in hypersomnia and hypsomnolence not caused by disease. "Jie" means efficient/unobstructed. Viscera are internal (Yin); skin and muscles are external (Yang). Large intestines and stomach mean the Yin pathway is circuitous; damp and obstructed muscle texture means the Yang pathway is slow. Thus, Wei Qi stays longer in Yin and less in Yang, lacking refined Yang, leading to frequent sleep. Modern people often feel sleepy after eating because the fierce qi of food suddenly fills the interior, making Wei Qi abundant in Yin, overpowering the refined Yang qi. Laypeople call this "Spleen fatigue," unaware of the underlying mechanism.) Conversely, if the intestines and stomach are small, the skin is smooth and relaxed, and the muscle interstices are efficient, Wei Qi stays longer in Yang, hence less sleep. (Small intestines and stomach mean shorter stay of Wei Qi in Yin; smooth skin and efficient muscles mean longer stay of Wei Qi in Yang, hence less sleep.)
Huangdi asked: What qi causes sudden hypersomnia deviating from normal meridian patterns? (Deviating from normal patterns implies pathology, indicating causation by pathogenic factors.) Qibo said: When pathogenic factors lodge in the Upper Jiao, causing obstruction and blockage, especially after eating or drinking soup, Wei Qi remains long in Yin and cannot exit, causing sudden hypersomnia. (Pathogens in the Upper Jiao combined with food/drink cause Wei Qi to be blocked in the Middle Jiao, unable to reach Yang, leading to sudden hypersomnia. However, there are cases of inability to sleep due to illness, where pathogens lodge in the Zang, repelling Wei Qi and preventing it from returning to Yin. , same as Jiao.) Huangdi said: Excellent. How should these pathogenic conditions be treated? Qibo said: First examine the Zang-Fu organs, correct minor deviations, then regulate Qi. Excess conditions require sedation, deficiency conditions require tonification. One must first clearly understand the patient's physical and mental state of hardship or comfort before determining the treatment. (Treating these pathogens covers the eight syndromes discussed in this chapter. This section classifies five; the other three involving spirit disorder are detailed in Chapter 81. Examining Zang-Fu aims to distinguish the depth of Yin-Yang pathology. Correcting minor deviations means even non-severe conditions must be addressed. Etiologies vary, so observing physical toil and mental comfort is crucial. Generally, hardship/worry damages Heart-Lung Yang; indulgence/comfort damages Spleen-Kidney Yin. Only with clear judgment can treatment proceed.)