手阳明廿穴名 循商阳二间三间而行，历合谷阳溪之俞 过偏历温溜之滨，下廉上廉三里而近，曲池肘 五里之
程，臂 肩 上于巨骨，无鼎纡乎扶突，禾 唇连，迎香鼻迫。
商阳盐指内侧边，二间来寻本节前，三间节后陷中取，合谷虎口岐骨间；阳溪上侧腕中是，偏历腕后三寸安，
温溜腕后去五寸，池前五寸下廉看；池前三寸上廉中，池前二寸三里逢，曲池曲骨纹头尽，肘 大骨外廉近；大筋中央
寻五里，肘上三寸行向里，臂 肘上七寸量，肩 肩端举臂取；巨骨肩尖端上行，天鼎喉旁四寸真，扶突天突旁三寸，
禾水沟旁五分，迎香禾 上一寸，大肠经穴自分明。
\r足阳明胃经图\p06-d33a5.bmp\r
\r胃腑之图\p06-d33a6.bmp\r
胃之上口，名曰贲门，饮食之精气，从此上输于脾、肺，宣播于诸脉。
《卮言》曰∶胃者汇也，号为都市，五味汇聚，何所不容，万物归土之义也。《难经》曰∶胃重二斤一两。
胃之下口，即小肠上口，名幽门。
足阳明经胃 胃者，水谷之海，六腑之大源。其体大一尺五寸，纡曲屈申长二丈六寸，容
谷二斗，水一斗五升，位居中焦。在五行属土，与足太阴为表里。其经气血俱多，官与脾同，辰时气血注此。
其见证也，洒然振寒，善呻数欠，颜黑，病至则恶人与火；闻木音，则惕然而惊，心欲动，独闭户塞牖而处，甚则
欲上高而歌，弃衣而走，贲响腹胀，是为 厥。是主血所生病者，狂疟，湿淫汗出，鼽衄，口 唇胗，头肿喉痹，大腹
水肿，膝滨肿痛，循膺乳、气冲、股伏兔、 外廉、足跗上皆痛，中指不用。气盛则身前热，其有余于胃，则消谷善饥，
溺色黄；气不足则色皆寒 ；胃中塞则胀满。
其经之脉，受手阳明之交，起于鼻两旁手阳明之迎香穴。由是而上，左右交于额中，过足太阳睛明之分，下循鼻
外，历本经承泣、四白、巨 ，入上齿缝中，复出循地仓，挟两口吻，环绕唇下，左右相交于承浆之分，由承浆循颐后
之下廉，出大迎，循颊车，上耳前，过胆之客主人，循发际，会足少阳之悬厘、颔厌之分，循下关、头维，会于胆之
悬颅，督之神庭∶分支络，从大迎前，下人迎，循喉咙，历水突、气舍，入缺盆，行足少阴俞府之外，下膈当上脘、中
脘之分，属胃络脾；于此分支，从缺盆下乳内廉，循气户、库房、屋翳、膺窗、乳中、乳根、不容、承满、梁门、关门、
太乙、滑肉，下挟脐，历过天枢、外陵、大巨、水道、归来诸穴，入气冲中（即气冲）；其支行者，自属胃处起于胃
之下口，循腹里，过足少阴育愈之外，本经之里，下至气冲，于前直行入气冲者相合。自此而行髀关，抵伏兔、历阴
市、梁丘，下入膝膑中；于此又分正支，经犊鼻，下循 外之三里、上巨虚、条口、下巨虚、丰隆、解溪，下足附之冲
阳、陷谷，入中指外间之内庭，至历兑而终。其抽支自膝下三寸，循三里穴之外；别行而下入中指外间，与前入内庭、
历兑正支合。又一小支自附上冲阳穴，别行入大指间，斜出足厥阴行间穴之外，循大指下出其端，以交于足之太阴经，
由隐白、大都、太白、公孙、商丘而上行也。
手阳明大肠经共有二十个穴位，其循行路线从商阳穴开始，经过二间、三间，到达合谷和阳溪穴，再经过偏历、温溜，下行至下廉、上廉和三里穴附近，经过曲池、肘髎和五里穴的路程，上行至臂臑、肩髃，到达巨骨穴，不曲折地经过扶突穴，禾髎穴连接嘴唇，迎香穴靠近鼻子。
商阳穴位于食指内侧边缘，二间穴在本节（指掌关节）前寻找，三间穴在节后凹陷处取穴，合谷穴在手虎口歧骨之间；阳溪穴在上侧腕部中间，偏历穴在腕后三寸处安放，温溜穴在腕后五寸处，曲池穴前五寸处看下廉穴；曲池穴前三寸处是上廉穴，曲池穴前二寸处遇到三里穴，曲池穴弯曲至骨纹尽头，肘髎穴在大骨外侧近旁；在大筋中央寻找五里穴，肘上三寸向内行走，臂臑穴在肘上七寸处测量，肩髃穴在肩端举臂时取穴；巨骨穴在肩尖端上行，天鼎穴在喉旁四寸处准确位置，扶突穴在天突穴旁三寸，禾髎穴在水沟穴旁五分，迎香穴在禾髎穴上一寸，大肠经的穴位自然分明。
足阳明胃经图
胃腑之图
胃的上口，名叫贲门，饮食的精微物质，从这里向上输送到脾、肺，散布于各条经脉。
《卮言》说：胃是汇聚之所，号称都市，五味汇聚，没有什么不能容纳，这是万物归于土的含义。《难经》说：胃重二斤一两。
胃的下口，就是小肠的上口，名叫幽门。
足阳明胃经所属的胃，是水谷之海，六腑的大源头。它的体积大一尺五寸，迂回曲折伸展长二丈六寸，容纳谷物二斗，水一斗五升，位居中焦。在五行中属土，与足太阴脾经互为表里。它的经络气血都很多，功能与脾相同，辰时气血注入此处。
它表现出的证候有：洒然恶寒战栗，喜欢呻吟、频繁打哈欠，面色发黑，发病时厌恶人和火；听到木器的声音，就惊恐不安，心跳欲动，独自关上门窗居住，严重时想登上高处唱歌，脱掉衣服奔跑，腹部雷鸣作响且腹胀，这称为厥逆。凡是主血所生的疾病，有狂疟、湿气过盛导致的汗出、鼻塞流涕或鼻出血、口唇生疮，头部肿胀咽喉痹阻，大腹水肿，膝腘肿痛，沿着胸膺、乳部、气冲、股部伏兔、小腿外侧、足背上方都疼痛，中指不能活动。气盛则身体前面发热，胃气有余则消化食物快容易饥饿，小便颜色黄；气不足则全身寒冷；胃中有堵塞感则胀满。
它的经脉，接受手阳明大肠经的交会，起于鼻两旁手阳明大肠经的迎香穴。由此向上，左右在额中相交，经过足太阳膀胱经睛明穴的部位，向下沿鼻外，经过本经的承泣、四白、巨髎穴，进入上齿缝中，复出沿地仓穴，夹持两口角，环绕唇下，左右在承浆穴处相交，由承浆沿下颌后下方，出大迎穴，沿颊车穴，上至耳前，经过胆经的客主人穴（听宫），沿发际，会合足少阳胆经的悬厘、颔厌穴部位，沿下关、头维穴，会合胆经的悬颅穴，督脉的神庭穴；分支络脉，从大迎前，下行人迎穴，沿喉咙，经过水突、气舍穴，进入缺盆，行走在足少阴肾经俞府穴的外侧，向下穿过膈肌，当上脘、中脘穴的部位，属于胃而络于脾；在此处分出支脉，从缺盆向下沿乳房内侧，沿气户、库房、屋翳、膺窗、乳中、乳根、不容、承满、梁门、关门、太乙、滑肉门穴，向下挟脐，经过天枢、外陵、大巨、水道、归来等穴，进入气冲穴中（即气冲）；其支行者，从属于胃的地方起于胃的下口，沿腹内，经过足少阴肾经育俞穴的外侧，本经的内侧，下行至气冲，在前面直行的入气冲者相合。从此而行髀关穴，抵达伏兔穴，经过阴市、梁丘穴，下行进入膝盖髌骨中；在此又分出正支，经过犊鼻穴，向下沿小腿外侧的足三里、上巨虚、条口、下巨虚、丰隆、解溪穴，下行至足背的冲阳、陷谷穴，进入中指外侧的内庭穴，至厉兑穴而终。其另一支自膝下三寸，沿三里穴的外侧；别行而下进入中指外侧，与前入内庭、历厉兑的正支相合。又一小支自附上冲阳穴，别行进入大拇指间，斜出足厥阴肝经行间穴的外侧，沿大拇指下出其末端，以交于足太阴脾经，由隐白、大都、太白、公孙、商丘穴而上行。
The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian has twenty acupoints. Its pathway proceeds from Shangyang (LI1), passes through Erjian (LI2) and Sanjian (LI3), reaches Hegu (LI4) and Yangxi (LI5), then traverses Pianli (LI6) and Wenliu (LI7), descends near Xialian (LI8), Shanglian (LI9), and Sanli (LI10). It covers the distance of Quchi (LI11), Zhouliao (LI12), and Wuli (LI13), ascends to Binao (LI14) and Jianyu (LI15), arrives at Jugu (LI16), passes without deviation through Futu (LI18), Heliao connects with the lip, and Yingxiang is close to the nose.
Shangyang (LI1) is located on the medial side of the index finger; Erjian (LI2) is sought before the proximal interphalangeal joint; Sanjian (LI3) is taken in the depression behind the proximal interphalangeal joint; Hegu (LI4) is between the divergent bones of the tiger's mouth; Yangxi (LI5) is in the center of the wrist on the radial side; Pianli (LI6) is secured three cun posterior to the wrist crease; Wenliu (LI7) is five cun posterior to the wrist crease; look for Xialian (LI8) five cun anterior to Quchi (LI11); Shanglian (LI9) is in the middle three cun anterior to Quchi (LI11); Sanli (LI10) is encountered two cun anterior to Quchi (LI11); Quchi (LI11) ends where the cubital fold meets the bone; Zhouliao (LI12) is near the lateral aspect of the greater tubercle of the humerus; Wuli (LI13) is sought in the center of the large tendon, three cun above the elbow moving inward; Binao (LI14) is measured seven cun above the elbow; Jianyu (LI15) is taken at the shoulder tip when the arm is raised; Jugu (LI16) ascends from the tip of the shoulder; Tian Ding (ST9 - *Note: Text says Tian Ding but context implies Futu or similar neck point, however text explicitly says "Tian Ding throat side 4 cun" which describes ST9, but previous line said Futu. The text lists "No Ding winding through Futu", then later "Tian Ding throat side 4 cun". I will translate literally as per text structure*) is accurately located four cun beside the larynx; Futu (LI18) is three cun beside Tiantu (CV22); Heliao is five fen beside Shuigou (GV26); Yingxiang is one cun above Heliao. The acupoints of the Large Intestine Meridian are thus clearly defined.
[Image: Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian Diagram]
[Image: Stomach Organ Diagram]
The upper opening of the stomach is called the Cardia (Benmen). The essence and qi of food and drink are transported upward from here to the Spleen and Lungs, and disseminated throughout the meridians.
*Zhi Yan* states: "The stomach is a convergence, known as the metropolis. The five flavors gather here; what can it not contain? This embodies the meaning that all things return to Earth." *Nan Jing* states: "The stomach weighs two jin and one liang."
The lower opening of the stomach, which is also the upper opening of the small intestine, is called the Pylorus (Youmen).
The Stomach, belonging to the Foot-Yangming Meridian, is the sea of water and grain, and the great source of the six fu organs. Its body is one chi and five cun in diameter, coiled and curved with a length of two zhang and six cun, capable of holding two dou of grain and one dou and five sheng of water. It resides in the Middle Jiao. In the Five Elements, it belongs to Earth, and stands in exterior-interior relationship with the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. Its meridian qi and blood are abundant, its function is identical to that of the Spleen, and qi and blood flow into it during the Chen hour (7-9 AM).
Its clinical manifestations include: aversion to cold with shivering, frequent groaning and yawning, dark complexion, aversion to people and fire upon onset of illness; hearing the sound of wood causes alarm and fright, heart palpitations, desire to stay alone with doors closed and windows shut. In severe cases, there is a desire to climb high and sing, discard clothes and run. Abdominal rumbling and distension occur, which is termed Jue (reversal). Diseases governed by blood include manic malaria, excessive sweating due to dampness, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, sores on the lips and cheeks, head swelling, throat obstruction, massive abdominal edema, pain and swelling around the knee popliteal fossa, pain along the chest, breast, Qichong, thigh, Fubao, lateral calf, and dorsum of the foot, and dysfunction of the middle finger. When qi is excess, heat occurs in the anterior body; if stomach qi is excessive, digestion is rapid with easy hunger, and urine is yellow; if qi is deficient, the whole body feels cold; if there is obstruction in the stomach, distension and fullness result.
The meridian receives intersection from the Hand-Yangming Meridian, originating at Yingxiang (LI18) on both sides of the nose. From there, it ascends, crosses at the center of the forehead, passes through the region of Jingming (BL1) of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, descends along the lateral nose, passes through Chengqi (ST1), Sibai (ST2), Juliao (ST3) of this meridian, enters the upper gum, emerges again along Dicang (ST4), flanks the corners of the mouth, surrounds the lower lip, and intersects at Chengjiang (CV24). From Chengjiang, it follows the submandibular region, exits at Daying (ST5), follows Jiache (ST6), ascends anterior to the ear, passes through Tinggong (SI19, referred to as Kezhuren in some contexts or Gallbladder points like Tinghui/Xuanliao depending on interpretation, text says "Gallbladder's guest master"), follows the hairline, converges with Xuanli (GB7) and Hanyan (GB6) of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, follows Xiaguan (ST7) and Touwei (ST8), converges with Xuanlu (GB5) of the Gallbladder Meridian, and Shenting (GV24) of the Du Meridian. A branch network starts from anterior to Daying, descends to Renying (ST9), follows the throat, passes through Shuitu (ST10) and Qishe (ST11), enters Quepen (ST12), runs outside Yufu (KI27) of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, descends through the diaphragm at the level of Shangwan (CV13) and Zhongwan (CV12), belongs to the Stomach and connects with the Spleen. From here, a branch descends from Quepen along the medial aspect of the breast, passing through Qihu (ST15), Kufang (ST16), Wuyi (ST17), Yingchuang (ST18), Ruzhong (ST18), Rugen (ST17), Burong (ST21), Chengman (ST22), Liangmen (ST25), Guanmen (ST26), Taiyi (ST27), and Rourun (ST28) acupoints, descends flanking the umbilicus, passes Tian Shu (ST25), Wailing (ST26), Daju (ST27), Shuidao (ST28), Guilai (ST29), and enters Qichong (ST30). Another branch originates from the lower opening of the stomach, runs within the abdomen, passes outside Yuyu (KI16) of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, inside this meridian, descends to Qichong (ST30), merging with the direct path entering Qichong. From here, it travels through Biguan (ST31), reaches Fubao (ST32), passes Yinshi (ST33) and Liangqiu (ST34), descends into the patella. Here, the main branch divides again, passes through Dubi (ST35), descends along the lateral calf through Zusanli (ST36), Shangjuxu (ST37), Tiaokou (ST38), Xiajuxu (ST39), Fenglong (ST40), and Jiaoxi (ST41), descends to Chongyang (ST42) and Xangu (ST43) on the dorsum of the foot, enters Neiting (ST44) between the second and third toes, and terminates at Lidui (ST45). Another branch arises three cun below the knee, running outside Zusanli (ST36); it diverges downward into the space between the second and third toes, merging with the main branch entering Neiting and Lidui. Yet another small branch approaches Chongyang (ST42), diverges into the space between the big toe, exits laterally to Xingjian (LR2) of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, follows the big toe downwards to its tip, and connects with the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, ascending from Yinbai (SP1), Dadu (SP2), Taibai (SP3), Gongsun (SP4), and Shangqiu (SP5).