中风者，言为邪风行中。其受病重，非若伤风之轻也。风是四时八方之气，常于冬至之
日自坎而起，候其八方之风。从其乡来者，主长养万物；若不从其乡来者，名为虚贼风，害
万物。体虚者则中之，当时未必即发；重感风邪，病遂发焉。
脏腑有 ， 皆在背，中风多从 入者也。而有中腑、中脏、中血脉之分。中腑者，其
病在表，多着四肢，故肢节废，脉浮恶风，拘急不仁。外有六经之形证。太阳经证，头疼身
热脊强；阳明经证，目痛鼻干，不得卧；少阳经证，耳聋胁痛，热呕苦；太阴经证，腹满自
利，咽干；少阴经证，舌干口燥；厥阴经证，烦满囊缩以小续命汤及疏风汤汗之。中脏者，
其病在里，多滞九窍。故唇缓，二便闭，脾；不能言，心；耳聋，肾；鼻塞，肺；目瞀，肝。
以三化汤及麻仁丸下之。
中血脉者，病在半表半里，外无六经之证，内无二便之闭。但见口眼 斜，半身作痛。
不可过汗，恐虚其卫；不可太下，恐损其营。惟当养血顺气，以大秦艽汤、羌活愈风汤和之。
此皆真中风也。而有气血之分焉。气虚者，右手足不仁，用六君子加钩藤姜汁；血虚者，
左手足不仁，用四物汤加钩藤竹沥姜汁；气血俱虚者，左右手皆不仁，八珍汤加钩藤竹沥姜
汁。
凡中风者倒，先须顺气，然后治风。用竹沥姜汁调苏合香丸；如口噤，抉开灌之。如抉
不开，急用牙皂、生半夏、细辛为细末，吹入鼻内。有，可治。无，则死。最要分别闭与脱
二证明白。如牙关紧闭，两手握固即是闭证。苏合香丸或二生饮之类开之。或口开心绝，手
撒脾绝，眼合肝绝，遗尿肾绝，即是脱证。更有吐沫直视，肉脱，筋骨痛，发直摇头上，面
赤如妆，汗出如珠，皆脱绝之证。宜大剂理中汤灌之，及炙脐下亦可救十中之一。若误服苏
合香丸、牛黄、至宝之类，即不可救矣。
盖斩关夺命之将，原为闭证设。若施之脱证，如人既入井而又下之石也。世人蹈此弊而
死者，不可胜数，故特表而出之。（惟中脏之证是闭而非脱者，宜苏合丸，牛黄丸，至宝丹、
活
龙脑，入肾治骨，恐反引邪风深入骨髓，如油入面，莫之能出。）
肥人多中，以其气盛于外，而欠于内也。肺为气出之道，肥人气必急，急则痰涎上壅，
邪盛可知。所以治之必先理气。中后，气未顺，痰未除，调理之剂，当用藿香正气散和星香
散煎服。非特可治中风之症，中气中恶尤宜；寻常呕吐痰厥，非饱闷皆可用之。
三生饮（治卒中昏愦，口眼 斜，半身不遂；并痰厥气厥）
南星（生用）一两 川乌（去皮生用） 附子（去皮脐生用）各五钱 末香二钱
每服五钱，水、姜煎服。
昔王用之，卒中昏愦、口眼 斜、痰气上壅、咽喉有声，六脉沉伏，此真气虚而风邪所
乘者。用三生饮加人参一两，煎服。即苏。
夫前饮，乃行经络、治寒痰之药，有斩关夺旗之功。每服必用参两许，驾驱其邪而补助
真气。否则不惟无益，适足以取败矣。观先哲用 附、参附等汤，其义可见。《范氏家居医
录》
稀涎散（治中风昏昏如醉，形体不收或口角流涎，须臾不救，急用此散吐之）。
新皂角四挺（去黑皮） 明矾一两
共为细末，每用五、七分，温水调灌，令微微稀冷，或涎出一、二升。待醒后乃用药调
治。毋使大吐，恐过剂伤人。屡效，不可具述。
宗 曰∶“此法用皂荚一两，生矾五钱 腻粉五钱，水调一、二钱，过咽即吐。用明矾
者，分膈下涎也。”（《孙氏秘宝方》）
中风口噤
荆芥穗为末，酒服二钱立愈。贾似道云∶“此方前后用之，甚验。”《曾公谈录》
舒筋丸（治男、妇手足不能伸屈）
乳香 没药 当归 骨碎补（炒） 木香 白附 木鳖 白胶 牛膝 虎筋骨（炙） 枸
杞木瓜 甜瓜子 京墨 地龙（酒洗净，焙燥）各一钱五分 麝香少许
各为末，蜜丸如梧子大。每服六十丸，酒下。此方不养血、不去风，大为奇矣。（《百一
选方》）
口眼 斜
用白鳝一条，装入竹管内，尾上用针深刺出血，血摊绢帛上，乘热贴之。如歪向左贴右
边；歪向右贴左边，立时即正。正即洗去。（《万病回春》）
丸（治四肢麻痹，骨节酸痛，腰膝无力，偏风、中风皆试验过。壮盛者宜服）。
五月五日、六月六日、九月九日采 草，去根，茎花实净洗曝干，入瓶内，层层洒酒，
与
浮萍一粒丹（治左瘫右痪，口眼 斜，三十六般风并癞风，偏正头风亦治）
七月十五日采荡内紫背浮萍，晒干为末，细筛炼蜜为丸，如弹子大。每日以黑豆淋酒下
一丸，服过百粒，即为全人，若须小风症，服二、三十丸足矣。（《附刻阴 文注证》）
中风，是指邪风侵袭人体。其病情严重，不像伤风那样轻微。风是四季八方之气，通常在冬至这一天从坎方（北方）升起，需观察来自八个方向的风。从本乡方向吹来的风，主生长养育万物；如果不是从本乡方向吹来的，称为“虚贼风”，会伤害万物。身体虚弱的人会被这种风邪侵袭，当时未必立即发病；如果再次感受风邪，疾病就会发作。
脏腑的俞穴都在背部，中风多从这些穴位侵入体内。中风有中腑、中脏、中血脉的区别。中腑的病位在表，多侵犯四肢，所以肢体关节废用，脉象浮而恶风，拘急麻木不仁。外有六经的症状表现。太阳经证，头痛身热脊背强直；阳明经证，目痛鼻干，不能安卧；少阳经证，耳聋胁痛，发热呕吐口苦；太阴经证，腹部胀满自利，咽干；少阴经证，舌干口燥；厥阴经证，烦闷囊缩。用小续命汤及疏风汤发汗治疗。中脏的病位在里，多阻滞九窍。所以口唇松弛为脾病；不能言语为心病；耳聋为肾病；鼻塞为肺病；视物模糊为肝病。用三化汤及麻仁丸泻下治疗。
中血脉的病位在半表半里，外无六经症状，内无二便闭塞。只见口眼歪斜，半身疼痛。不可过度发汗，恐怕损伤卫气；不可过度泻下，恐怕损伤营血。只应当养血顺气，用大秦艽汤、羌活愈风汤调和治疗。这些都是真中风。又有气虚和血虚的区别。气虚者，右手足麻木不仁，用六君子汤加钩藤、姜汁；血虚者，左手足麻木不仁，用四物汤加钩藤、竹沥、姜汁；气血俱虚者，左右手皆麻木不仁，用八珍汤加钩藤、竹沥、姜汁。
凡是中风倒地，先须顺气，然后治风。用竹沥、姜汁调服苏合香丸；如果牙关紧闭，撬开灌入。如果撬不开，急用牙皂、生半夏、细辛研成细末，吹入鼻内。有嚏可治，无嚏则死。最重要的是要分清闭证与脱证。如牙关紧闭，两手握固即是闭证。用苏合香丸或二生饮之类开通。如果口开心绝，手撒脾绝，眼合肝绝，遗尿肾绝，即是脱证。更有吐沫直视，肌肉消瘦，筋骨痛，头发直立摇头向上，面赤如妆，汗出如珠，都是脱绝之证。宜用大剂理中汤灌服，以及灸脐下也可救十分之一。如果误服苏合香丸、牛黄、至宝丹之类，就不可救了。
这斩关夺命的药将，原本是为闭证设立的。如果施用于脱证，就像人已经掉进井里又往下扔石头一样。世人犯这个错误而死的人，数不胜数，所以特别指出并阐明它。（只有中脏的证候是闭而非脱的，适宜用苏合丸、牛黄丸、至宝丹、活龙脑等药。但龙脑入肾治骨，恐怕反而引邪风深入骨髓，像油渗入面粉一样，无法取出。）
肥胖之人容易中风，因为他们的阳气盛于体表，而阴精亏于体内。肺是气出入的通道，肥胖人气机必然急促，急促则痰涎上壅，邪气旺盛可知。所以治疗必须先理气。中风后，气未顺，痰未除，调理的药剂，当用藿香正气散合星香散煎服。不仅可治中风的病症，中气、中恶尤其适宜；寻常呕吐、痰厥，非饱闷者皆可用之。
三生饮（治疗卒中昏愦，口眼歪斜，半身不遂；以及痰厥、气厥）
南星（生用）一两 川乌（去皮生用） 附子（去皮脐生用）各五钱 木香二钱
每服五钱，用水、生姜煎服。
过去王用之，卒中昏愦、口眼歪斜、痰气上壅、咽喉有声，六脉沉伏，这是真气虚而风邪所乘。用三生饮加人参一两，煎服。随即苏醒。
前面的方剂，是行经络、治寒痰的药，有斩关夺旗的功效。每服必须用人参一两许，驾驭邪气并补助真气。否则不仅无益，反而足以导致失败。看先哲使用附子、参附等汤，其中的道理可见。《范氏家居医录》
稀涎散（治疗中风昏昏如醉，形体不收或口角流涎，片刻不救，急用此散催吐）。
新皂角四挺（去黑皮） 明矾一两
共为细末，每次用五、七分，温水调灌，令微微稀冷，或者涎出一、二升。待醒后再用药调理。不要使剧烈呕吐，恐怕过量伤人。屡试有效，不可详尽叙述。
宗曰：“此法用皂荚一两，生矾五钱，腻粉五钱，水调一、二钱，过咽即吐。用明矾的，是为了分消膈下的涎液。”（《孙氏秘宝方》）
中风口噤
荆芥穗研末，酒服二钱立愈。贾似道说：“此方前后使用，非常灵验。”《曾公谈录》
舒筋丸（治疗男、女手足不能伸屈）
乳香 没药 当归 骨碎补（炒） 木香 白附子 木鳖子 白胶 牛膝 虎筋骨（炙） 枸杞 木瓜 甜瓜子 京墨 地龙（酒洗净，焙燥）各一钱五分 麝香少许
各研为末，蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服六十丸，酒送下。此方不养血、不去风，大为奇特。（《百一选方》）
口眼歪斜
用白鳝一条，装入竹管内，尾上用针深刺出血，血摊在绢帛上，趁热贴敷。如果歪向左边贴右边；歪向右边贴左边，立时即正。正后即洗去。（《万病回春》）
[缺字]丸（治疗四肢麻痹，骨节酸痛，腰膝无力，偏风、中风皆试验过。壮盛者宜服）。
五月五日、六月六日、九月九日采集[缺字]草，去根，茎花实净洗曝干，入瓶内，层层洒酒，与[缺字]浮萍一粒丹（治疗左瘫右痪，口眼歪斜，三十六般风并癞风，偏正头风亦治）
七月十五日采集荡内紫背浮萍，晒干为末，细筛炼蜜为丸，如弹子大。每日以黑豆淋酒下一丸，服过百粒，即为全人，若须小风症，服二、三十丸足矣。（《附刻阴[缺字]文注证》）
Zhongfeng (Stroke) refers to the invasion of pathogenic wind. Its severity is far greater than that of a common cold (Shangfeng). Wind is the qi of the four seasons and eight directions, typically arising from Kan (North) on the day of Winter Solstice; one must observe the winds from the eight directions. Winds coming from their native direction nourish all things; those not coming from their native direction are called "Empty Thief Winds" (Xu Zei Feng), which harm all things. Those with deficient constitution are struck by them, though symptoms may not appear immediately; if further exposed to wind pathogens, the disease manifests.
The Shu points of the Zang-Fu organs are located on the back, and Zhongfeng often enters through these acupoints. It is categorized into Zhong Fu (Stroke affecting the Fu organs), Zhong Zang (Stroke affecting the Zang organs), and Zhong Xue Mai (Stroke affecting the vessels and collaterals). In Zhong Fu, the pathology is in the exterior, often affecting the four limbs, leading to limb dysfunction, floating pulse, aversion to wind, stiffness, and numbness. Exterior manifestations correspond to the Six Channels: Taiyang channel syndrome presents with headache, fever, and stiff spine; Yangming channel syndrome with eye pain, dry nose, and insomnia; Shaoyang channel syndrome with deafness, hypochondriac pain, fever, vomiting, and bitter taste; Taiyin channel syndrome with abdominal fullness, spontaneous diarrhea, and dry throat; Shaoyang channel syndrome with dry tongue and mouth; Jueyin channel syndrome with irritability, fullness, and retraction of the genitals. Treat with Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Continuation of Life Decoction) and Shufeng Tang (Dispersing Wind Decoction) to induce sweating.
In Zhong Zang, the pathology is in the interior, often obstructing the nine orifices. Flaccid lips indicate Spleen involvement; inability to speak indicates Heart involvement; deafness indicates Kidney involvement; nasal congestion indicates Lung involvement; blurred vision indicates Liver involvement. Treat with Sanhua Tang (Three Transformations Decoction) and Maren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill) to purge.
In Zhong Xue Mai, the pathology is at half-exterior and half-interior, without Six Channel symptoms or constipation/incontinence. Symptoms include facial deviation and hemibody pain. Do not over-sweat, lest it damage Wei Qi (Defensive Qi); do not over-purge, lest it damage Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). Instead, nourish blood and regulate qi using Da Qinjiao Tang (Great Gentian Decoction) or Qianghuo Yufeng Tang (Notopterygium Wind-Dispelling Decoction) to harmonize. These are true Zhongfeng cases, further differentiated by Qi deficiency or Blood deficiency. Qi deficiency manifests as numbness in the right hand and foot; treat with Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis) and ginger juice. Blood deficiency manifests as numbness in the left hand and foot; treat with Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Gouteng, Zhulü (Bamboo Sap), and ginger juice. Combined Qi and Blood deficiency manifests as numbness in both hands and feet; treat with Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) plus Gouteng, Zhulü, and ginger juice.
Upon collapse from Zhongfeng, first regulate qi, then treat wind. Administer Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill) mixed with bamboo sap and ginger juice. If the jaw is locked, pry it open and administer. If it cannot be pried open, urgently use Ya Zhao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus), Sheng Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Recens), and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) ground into fine powder and insufflated into the nose. Presence of sneezing indicates treatability; absence indicates death. Crucially, distinguish between Bi Syndrome (Closed Syndrome) and Tuo Syndrome (Open/Depletion Syndrome). Jaw locking and clenched fists indicate Bi Syndrome. Open with Suhexiang Wan or Ersheng Yin (Two Lifes Decoction). Mouth opening indicates Heart depletion; hand relaxation indicates Spleen depletion; eyes closed indicates Liver depletion; urinary incontinence indicates Kidney depletion—these constitute Tuo Syndrome. Other signs of terminal depletion include foaming at the mouth, fixed gaze, muscle wasting, bone/joint pain, erect hair, shaking head upward, flushed face like makeup, and bead-like sweat. Administer large doses of Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) orally, or moxa below the umbilicus, which may save one in ten cases. Misuse of Suhexiang Wan, Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), or Zhibao Dan (Treasure of Perfection Pill) is fatal.
These potent "gate-crashing" formulas are intended for Bi Syndrome. Using them for Tuo Syndrome is like throwing stones on someone already in a well. Countless deaths result from this error, hence this clarification. (Note: For Zhong Zang cases that are Closed but not Depleted, Suhexiang Wan, Niuhuang Wan, Zhibao Dan, and Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) may be used. However, Borneol enters the Kidney and treats bones, potentially drawing wind pathogens deep into the marrow like oil into flour, making them impossible to remove.)
Obese individuals are prone to stroke because their Yang qi is abundant externally but deficient internally. The Lung is the pathway for qi; obesity leads to rapid qi movement, causing phlegm-saliva to surge upward, indicating excess pathogen. Treatment must first regulate qi. After stroke, if qi is unregulated and phlegm remains, use Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi) combined with Xingxiang San (Aucklandia and Costus Powder) decocted for administration. This treats not only stroke but also Qi stagnation and Evil Qi invasion; it is also suitable for common vomiting and phlegm syncope, even without fullness/distension.
Sansheng Yin (Three Lives Decoction) [Treats sudden stroke with coma, facial deviation, hemiplegia; and phlegm/qi syncope]
Xing Nan (Arisaematis Rhizoma, raw) 1 liang
Chuan Wu (Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata, peeled, raw)
Fu Zi (Aconiti Radix Preparata, peeled, raw)
Each 5 qian
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 2 qian
Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with water and ginger.
Wang Yongzhi once suffered sudden stroke with coma, facial deviation, surging phlegm-qiu, audible phlegm in the throat, and submerged pulses. This was true qi deficiency with wind pathogen invasion. He was treated with Sansheng Yin plus Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 1 liang, decocted and administered. He recovered immediately.
The previous formula acts on meridians and treats cold-phlegm, possessing the power to breach gates and take flags. Each dose must include approximately 1 liang of Ginseng to drive out pathogens and tonify true qi. Otherwise, it is not only ineffective but detrimental. The wisdom of ancient physicians using Fuzi and Shenfu Tang can be seen here. *Fan Shi Jiaju Yilu*
Xixian San (Thin Saliva Powder) [Treats stroke with drowsiness like drunkenness, loss of bodily control, or drooling; urgent emesis required if not saved promptly]
Xin Za Jiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus, fresh, black skin removed) 4 tings
Ming Fan (Alumen) 1 liang
Grind to fine powder. Take 5-7 fen per dose, mix with warm water and administer. Induce mild thinning/cold sensation or expectoration of 1-2 sheng of saliva. After waking, administer conditioning medicine. Avoid excessive vomiting to prevent injury from overdose. Proven effective repeatedly.
Zong said: "This method uses 1 liang of Gleditsiae, 5 qian of raw Alumen, and 5 qian of Mi Fen (Calomel), mixed with water, 1-2 qian taken, inducing vomiting upon swallowing. Ming Fan is used to separate and drain phlegm from the diaphragm." (*Sun Shi Mibao Fang*)
Zhongfeng Koujin (Locked Jaw in Stroke)
Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) ground to powder, taken with wine, 2 qian per dose, cures immediately. Jia Sidao stated: "This formula has been used successfully before and after." *Zeng Gong Tanlu*
Shujin Wan (Sinew-Relaxing Pill) [Treats inability to extend/flex hands and feet in men and women]
Ruxiang (Olibanum)
Moyao (Myrrha)
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix)
Gusuibu (Drynariae Rhizoma, stir-fried)
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix)
Baifu (Bai Fu Zi, Typhonii Rhizoma)
Mubie (Strychni Semen)
Baijiao (Colla Corii Asini)
Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix)
Hugu Jin (Tiger Bone substitute/preparation, roasted)
Gouqi (Lycii Fructus)
Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus)
Tian Guazi (Benincasae Semen)
Jingmo (Beijing Ink)
Dilong (Pheretima, washed in wine, dried)
Each 1 qian 5 fen
Shexiang (Moschus) a small amount
Grind all to powder, make pills with honey the size of wutong seeds. Take 60 pills per dose with wine. This formula neither nourishes blood nor dispels wind, which is remarkable. (*Baiyi Xuanfang*)
Facial Deviation
Use one white eel, place it in a bamboo tube, pierce the tail deeply with a needle to draw blood. Spread the blood on silk fabric and apply while hot. If deviated to the left, apply to the right side; if to the right, apply to the left. Correction is immediate. Wash off once corrected. (*Wanbing Hui Chun*)
[Missing Character] Wan [Treats limb numbness, joint soreness, weak waist/knees, hemiplegia, stroke. Tested effective. Suitable for robust individuals.]
Harvest [Missing Character] grass on the 5th day of the 5th month, 6th day of the 6th month, and 9th day of the 9th month. Remove roots, wash stems/flowers/fruits clean, dry in sun. Place in bottle, sprinkle wine layer by layer.
[Floating Duckweed] One Pill [Treats left paralysis/right hemiplegia, facial deviation, thirty-six types of wind, leprosy, and frontal/occipital headaches]
Harvest purple-backed floating duckweed from ponds on the 15th day of the 7th month. Dry, grind to powder, sift finely, make pills with refined honey the size of quail eggs. Take one pill daily with black bean steeped wine. After taking over 100 pills, one becomes whole. For minor wind syndromes, 20-30 pills suffice. (*Fuke Yin [Missing Character] Wen Zhu Zheng*)